EP1109655A1 - Method for increasing thermal convection speed in a thermofusible polymer - Google Patents

Method for increasing thermal convection speed in a thermofusible polymer

Info

Publication number
EP1109655A1
EP1109655A1 EP99939307A EP99939307A EP1109655A1 EP 1109655 A1 EP1109655 A1 EP 1109655A1 EP 99939307 A EP99939307 A EP 99939307A EP 99939307 A EP99939307 A EP 99939307A EP 1109655 A1 EP1109655 A1 EP 1109655A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polymer
ultrasonic vibrations
thermal radiation
source
hot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99939307A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gianni Baffelli
Roberto Mattone
Carlo Riva
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ixtlan AG
Original Assignee
Ixtlan AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ixtlan AG filed Critical Ixtlan AG
Publication of EP1109655A1 publication Critical patent/EP1109655A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/02—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
    • B29B13/023—Half-products, e.g. films, plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/0261—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using ultrasonic or sonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for increasing the rate of heat transfer by thermal convection in a hot-melt polymer.
  • the heating of polymers constitutes a preliminary preparatory phase for the treatment of polymers by thermoforming or by blowing. It is usually done by exposing the polymers to an external source of thermal radiation. The temperature rise of the polymer mass takes place gradually by convection according to a downward inclined slope. When the polymer is exposed to the source of thermal radiation, the temperature in the area near the source is higher than that in the remote area. Gradually, the temperature difference between the near area and the far area becomes less. The heat is transmitted by convection for a more or less long time which depends in particular on the temperature of the source and the thickness of the material.
  • the duration of temperature rise of the polymer over its entire thickness conditions the process of shaping the material. A reduction in this duration improves the profitability of production.
  • the present invention therefore proposes to reduce this heating time by convection of a mass of hot-melt polymer.
  • This object is achieved by the process as defined in the preamble and characterized in exposing said polymer simultaneously to at least one source of thermal radiation and to ultrasonic vibrations, and transmitting said ultrasonic vibrations to said hot-melt polymer by applying directly to a surface of said polymer at least one energized sonotrode by an ultrasonic generator.
  • the application of ultrasonic vibrations and the simultaneous exposure to a source of thermal radiation results in a reorganization of the polymer molecules by promoting their orientation in a determined direction.
  • a surface of said polymer is exposed to a first source of thermal radiation and the opposite surface of said polymer to a second source of thermal radiation.
  • said ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted to said hot-melt polymer by putting at least one sonotrode in contact with an intermediate liquid which is in contact with a surface of said polymer.
  • said sources of thermal radiation have a temperature between 100 ° and 500 ° C and the frequency of ultrasonic vibrations is between 15 and 60 kHz.
  • the time of exposure to the radiation source thermal is between 1 and 10 seconds and preferably approximately equal to 3 seconds.
  • the ultrasonic vibrations are applied intermittently.
  • This variant also makes it possible to modulate the rate of heat transmission in the polymer.
  • the hot-melt polymer is exposed simultaneously to at least one source of thermal radiation and to ultrasonic vibrations.
  • a sonotrode powered by a ultrasonic generator.
  • One of its variants consists in exposing a surface of the polymer to a first source of thermal radiation, the surface opposite to a second source of thermal radiation and to simultaneously apply ultrasonic vibrations.
  • the radiation sources have a temperature between 100 ° and 500 ° C and the frequency of the ultrasonic vibrations transmitted is between 15 and 60 kHz.
  • thermoforming For products made of a hot-melt polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a thickness of a few millimeters, the time of exposure to a source of thermal radiation, necessary to make them sufficiently suitable for treatment of thermoforming, is between 1 and 10 seconds and preferably around 3 seconds.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • this polyethylene terephthalate does not undergo any crystallization at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature which is generally higher than 70 ° C.
  • the structure becomes anisotropic and that the molecular chains of the hot-melt polymers are oriented in a preferential direction parallel to the axis of propagation of the ultrasonic vibrations.
  • the direction of the axis of propagation of the ultrasonic vibrations is chosen according to the geometry of the objects to be thermoformed.
  • the ultrasound is preferably applied in a direction which corresponds to the longest length of these objects.
  • the molecular chains are aligned in this direction and promotes the propagation of ultrasonic vibrations.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for increasing thermal convection speed in a thermofusible polymer, in particular a polyethylene terephthalate, enabling to increase the speed of heat transmission by thermal convection in said polymer, by exposing it simultaneously to at least a thermal radiation source and ultrasonic vibrations. The ultrasonic vibrations are preferably applied intermittently on a surface of the polymer by means of a sonotrode supplied by an ultrasound generator, either directly, or via a liquid in contact with the polymer. Thus the physical characteristics of the polymer can be improved and the heat transmission speed can be varied depending on its form, mass and type.

Description

PROCEDE POUR AUGMENTER LA VITESSE DE CONVECTION THERMIQUE DANS UN POLYMERE THERMOFUSIBLEPROCESS FOR INCREASING THE THERMAL CONVECTION SPEED IN A HEAT-MELT POLYMER
Domaine technique La présente invention concerne un procédé pour augmenter la vitesse de transmission de la chaleur par convection thermique dans un polymère thermofusible.Technical Field The present invention relates to a method for increasing the rate of heat transfer by thermal convection in a hot-melt polymer.
Technique antérieure Le chauffage des polymères constitue une phase préparatoire préliminaire au traitement des polymères par thermoformage ou par soufflage. Il s'effectue habituellement par exposition des polymères à une source de rayonnement thermique extérieure. La montée en température de la masse de polymère s'effectue progressivement par convection selon une pente inclinée descendante. Au début de l'exposition du polymère à la source de rayonnement thermique, la température de la zone proche de la source est plus élevée que celle de la zone éloignée. Progressivement, la différence de température entre la zone proche et la zone éloignée s'atténue. La transmission de la chaleur se fait par convection pendant un temps plus ou moins long qui dépend notamment de la température de la source et de l'épaisseur de la matière.PRIOR ART The heating of polymers constitutes a preliminary preparatory phase for the treatment of polymers by thermoforming or by blowing. It is usually done by exposing the polymers to an external source of thermal radiation. The temperature rise of the polymer mass takes place gradually by convection according to a downward inclined slope. When the polymer is exposed to the source of thermal radiation, the temperature in the area near the source is higher than that in the remote area. Gradually, the temperature difference between the near area and the far area becomes less. The heat is transmitted by convection for a more or less long time which depends in particular on the temperature of the source and the thickness of the material.
La durée de montée en température du polymère sur toute son épaisseur conditionne le processus de mise en forme de la matière. Une réduction de cette durée améliore la rentabilité de la production.The duration of temperature rise of the polymer over its entire thickness conditions the process of shaping the material. A reduction in this duration improves the profitability of production.
Exposé de l'inventionStatement of the invention
La présente invention se propose donc de réduire cette durée de échauffement par convection d'une masse de polymère thermofusible.The present invention therefore proposes to reduce this heating time by convection of a mass of hot-melt polymer.
Ce but est atteint par le procédé tel que défini en préambule et caractérisé en ce que l'on expose ledit polymère simultanément à au moins une source de rayonnement thermique et à des vibrations ultrasoniques, et en ce que l'on transmet lesdites vibrations ultrasoniques audit polymère thermofusible en appliquant directement sur une surface dudit polymère au moins une sonotrode alimentée par un générateur d'ultrasons.This object is achieved by the process as defined in the preamble and characterized in exposing said polymer simultaneously to at least one source of thermal radiation and to ultrasonic vibrations, and transmitting said ultrasonic vibrations to said hot-melt polymer by applying directly to a surface of said polymer at least one energized sonotrode by an ultrasonic generator.
Outre l'augmentation de la vitesse de transmission de la chaleur à travers la paroi du polymère, l'application de vibrations ultrasoniques et l'exposition simultanée à une source de rayonnement thermique ont pour conséquence une réorganisation des molécules du polymère en favorisant leur orientation dans une direction déterminée.In addition to the increase in the rate of heat transmission through the polymer wall, the application of ultrasonic vibrations and the simultaneous exposure to a source of thermal radiation results in a reorganization of the polymer molecules by promoting their orientation in a determined direction.
Selon une première variante de réalisation, l'on expose une surface dudit polymère à une première source de rayonnement thermique et la surface opposée dudit polymère à une seconde source de rayonnement thermique.According to a first alternative embodiment, a surface of said polymer is exposed to a first source of thermal radiation and the opposite surface of said polymer to a second source of thermal radiation.
De ce fait, on peut moduler le différentiel de température entre les deux surfaces opposées du polymère exposées aux deux sources de rayonnement thermique. On peut ainsi améliorer les caractéristiques physiques du polymère et faire varier la vitesse de transmission de la chaleur en fonction de la forme, de la masse et de la nature de ce polymère.Therefore, one can modulate the temperature differential between the two opposite surfaces of the polymer exposed to the two sources of thermal radiation. It is thus possible to improve the physical characteristics of the polymer and to vary the rate of heat transmission as a function of the shape, the mass and the nature of this polymer.
De préférence, l'on transmet lesdites vibrations ultrasoniques audit polymère thermofusible en mettant au moins une sonotrode en contact avec un liquide intermédiaire qui est en contact avec une surface dudit polymère.Preferably, said ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted to said hot-melt polymer by putting at least one sonotrode in contact with an intermediate liquid which is in contact with a surface of said polymer.
De préférence, lesdites sources de rayonnement thermique ont une température comprise entre 100° et 500°C et la fréquence des vibrations ultrasoniques est comprise entre 15 et 60 kHz.Preferably, said sources of thermal radiation have a temperature between 100 ° and 500 ° C and the frequency of ultrasonic vibrations is between 15 and 60 kHz.
De façon avantageuse, le temps d'exposition à la source de rayonnement thermique est compris entre 1 et 10 secondes et de préférence approximativement égal à 3 secondes.Advantageously, the time of exposure to the radiation source thermal is between 1 and 10 seconds and preferably approximately equal to 3 seconds.
Selon une manière de procéder particulièrement intéressante, l'on applique les vibrations ultrasoniques de manière intermittente.According to a particularly advantageous procedure, the ultrasonic vibrations are applied intermittently.
Cette variante permet également de moduler la vitesse de transmission de la chaleur dans le polymère.This variant also makes it possible to modulate the rate of heat transmission in the polymer.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la description d'une forme de mise en œuvre préférée, mais non limitative, du procédé et ses variantes.The present invention will be better understood from the description of a preferred, but not limiting, form of implementation of the method and its variants.
Manières de réaliser l'inventionWays to realize the invention
Lorsque l'on expose une masse de matière synthétique, et en particulier un objet réalisé en un polymère thermofusible, à une source de rayonnement thermique, la montée en température de la masse est progressive et l'on observe, à l'intérieur de ladite masse, un gradient de température défini par une courbe sensiblement linéaire dont la pente est négative. L'application simultanée de vibrations ultrasoniques a pour effet soit de réduire la pente de la courbe, soit de l'annuler, soit de l'inverser.When a mass of synthetic material, and in particular an object made of a hot-melt polymer, is exposed to a source of thermal radiation, the temperature rises in the mass is progressive and it is observed, inside said mass mass, a temperature gradient defined by a substantially linear curve whose slope is negative. The simultaneous application of ultrasonic vibrations has the effect of either reducing the slope of the curve, or canceling it, or reversing it.
Dans la pratique, ceci se traduit par une augmentation de la vitesse de transmission de la chaleur à travers la masse de polymère, cette augmentation pouvant être telle que la paroi de l'objet éloignée de la source de rayonnement thermique atteint, au bout d'un laps de temps extrêmement court, une température supérieure à celle de la paroi la plus proche.In practice, this results in an increase in the rate of heat transmission through the polymer mass, this increase being able to be such that the wall of the object distant from the source of thermal radiation reached, after an extremely short time, a temperature higher than that of the nearest wall.
Pour atteindre ce but, l'on expose le polymère thermofusible simultanément à au moins une source de rayonnement thermique et à des vibrations ultrasoniques. Pour transmettre ces vibrations au polymère on peut appliquer directement sur une de ses surfaces une sonotrode alimentée par un générateur d'ultrasons.To achieve this goal, the hot-melt polymer is exposed simultaneously to at least one source of thermal radiation and to ultrasonic vibrations. To transmit these vibrations to the polymer, a sonotrode powered by a ultrasonic generator.
Différentes autres variantes de réalisation du procédé peuvent être mises en œuvre. L'une de ses variantes consiste à exposer une surface du polymère à une première source de rayonnement thermique, la surface opposée à une seconde source de rayonnement thermique et d'appliquer simultanément des vibrations ultrasoniques.Different other alternative embodiments of the method can be implemented. One of its variants consists in exposing a surface of the polymer to a first source of thermal radiation, the surface opposite to a second source of thermal radiation and to simultaneously apply ultrasonic vibrations.
L'on peut également transmettre les vibrations ultrasoniques indirectement au polymère en mettant la sonotrode en contact avec un liquide intermédiaire qui est en contact avec une surface de ce polymère.It is also possible to transmit the ultrasonic vibrations indirectly to the polymer by bringing the sonotrode into contact with an intermediate liquid which is in contact with a surface of this polymer.
Dans toutes les variantes, les sources de rayonnement ont une température comprise entre 100° et 500° C et la fréquence des vibrations ultrasoniques transmises est comprise entre 15 et 60 kHZ.In all variants, the radiation sources have a temperature between 100 ° and 500 ° C and the frequency of the ultrasonic vibrations transmitted is between 15 and 60 kHz.
On a constaté que pour des produits réalisés en un polymère thermofusible tel que du polyethylene téréphtalate (PET) ayant quelques millimètres d'épaisseur, le temps de l'exposition à une source de rayonnement thermique, nécessaire pour les rendre suffisamment propres à un traitement de thermoformage, est compris entre 1 et 10 secondes et de préférence voisin de 3 secondes.It has been found that for products made of a hot-melt polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a thickness of a few millimeters, the time of exposure to a source of thermal radiation, necessary to make them sufficiently suitable for treatment of thermoforming, is between 1 and 10 seconds and preferably around 3 seconds.
Par ailleurs ce polyethylene téréphtalate ne subit aucune cristallisation à une température égale ou supérieure à la température de transition vitreuse qui est généralement supérieure à 70°C.Furthermore, this polyethylene terephthalate does not undergo any crystallization at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature which is generally higher than 70 ° C.
Enfin on constate que la structure devient anisotrope et que les chaînes moléculaires des polymères thermofusibles s'orientent dans une direction préférentielle parallèle à l'axe de propagation des vibrations ultrasoniques.Finally, it can be seen that the structure becomes anisotropic and that the molecular chains of the hot-melt polymers are oriented in a preferential direction parallel to the axis of propagation of the ultrasonic vibrations.
Ces phénomènes empêchent l'arrêt de la propagation des ultrasons dans la matière dès que la transition vitreuse est atteinte.These phenomena prevent the propagation of ultrasound in the matter as soon as the glass transition is reached.
On améliore encore ces résultats en appliquant les vibrations ultrasoniques de façon intermittente. La direction de l'axe de propagation des vibrations ultrasoniques est choisie en fonction de la géométrie des objets à thermoformer. S'il s'agit d'objets allongés, on applique de préférence les ultrasons selon une direction qui correspond à la plus grande longueur de ces objets. L'alignement des chaînes moléculaires s'effectue selon cette direction et favorise la propagation des vibrations ultrasoniques. These results are further improved by applying the ultrasonic vibrations intermittently. The direction of the axis of propagation of the ultrasonic vibrations is chosen according to the geometry of the objects to be thermoformed. In the case of elongated objects, the ultrasound is preferably applied in a direction which corresponds to the longest length of these objects. The molecular chains are aligned in this direction and promotes the propagation of ultrasonic vibrations.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé pour augmenter la vitesse de transmission de la chaleur par convection thermique dans un polymère thermofusible, caractérisé en ce que l'on expose ledit polymère simultanément à au moins une source de rayonnement thermique et à des vibrations ultrasoniques, et en ce que l'on transmet lesdites vibrations ultrasoniques audit polymère thermofusible en appliquant directement sur une surface dudit polymère au moins une sonotrode alimentée par un générateur d'ultrasons.1. Method for increasing the speed of heat transmission by thermal convection in a hot-melt polymer, characterized in that said polymer is exposed simultaneously to at least one source of thermal radiation and to ultrasonic vibrations, and in that the 'said ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted to said hot-melt polymer by applying directly to a surface of said polymer at least one sonotrode powered by an ultrasonic generator.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'on expose une surface dudit polymère à une première source de rayonnement thermique et la surface opposée dudit polymère à une seconde source de rayonnement thermique.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a surface of said polymer is exposed to a first source of thermal radiation and the opposite surface of said polymer to a second source of thermal radiation.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'on transmet lesdites vibrations ultrasoniques audit polymère thermofusible en mettant au moins une sonotrode en contact avec un liquide intermédiaire qui est en contact avec une surface dudit polymère.3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted to said hot-melt polymer by putting at least one sonotrode in contact with an intermediate liquid which is in contact with a surface of said polymer.
4. Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdites sources de rayonnement thermique ont une température comprise entre 100° et 500°C.4. Method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said sources of thermal radiation have a temperature between 100 ° and 500 ° C.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la fréquence des vibrations ultrasoniques transmises est comprise entre 15 et 60 kHz.5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency of the ultrasonic vibrations transmitted is between 15 and 60 kHz.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le polymère thermofusible est un polyethylene téréphtalate, caractérisé en ce que le temps d'exposition à la source de rayonnement thermique est compris entre 1 et 10 secondes et de préférence approximativement égal à 3 secondes. 6. Method according to claim 1, in which the hot-melt polymer is a polyethylene terephthalate, characterized in that the time of exposure to the source of thermal radiation is between 1 and 10 seconds and preferably approximately equal to 3 seconds.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'on applique les vibrations ultrasoniques par intermittence. 7. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic vibrations are applied intermittently.
EP99939307A 1998-09-01 1999-09-01 Method for increasing thermal convection speed in a thermofusible polymer Withdrawn EP1109655A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9811212A FR2782665B1 (en) 1998-09-01 1998-09-01 PROCESS FOR INCREASING THE THERMAL CONVECTION SPEED IN A HEAT-MELT POLYMER
FR9811212 1998-09-01
PCT/CH1999/000405 WO2000012279A1 (en) 1998-09-01 1999-09-01 Method for increasing thermal convection speed in a thermofusible polymer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1109655A1 true EP1109655A1 (en) 2001-06-27

Family

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EP99939307A Withdrawn EP1109655A1 (en) 1998-09-01 1999-09-01 Method for increasing thermal convection speed in a thermofusible polymer

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1109655A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002523262A (en)
CA (1) CA2341600A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2782665B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000012279A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2003223213A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-16 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Ultrasonic assisted apparatus and process
GB0811548D0 (en) * 2008-06-24 2008-07-30 Airbus Uk Ltd Method and apparatus for fabricating a fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite structure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2855298A1 (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-07-05 Bassan & Cie Thermoplastic screw-holding tube with end flange - the extrusion being moulded into flange at one end by axial pressure
JPS5515812A (en) * 1978-07-19 1980-02-04 Inoue Mtp Co Ltd Method of working the end of synthetic resin mole having stacked metal foil.
GB9414396D0 (en) * 1994-07-16 1994-09-07 Fairbank David Bollard refurbishment
JP3789145B2 (en) * 1995-02-07 2006-06-21 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Method and apparatus for restoring flatness of belt-like object

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Title
See references of WO0012279A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002523262A (en) 2002-07-30
FR2782665A1 (en) 2000-03-03
WO2000012279A1 (en) 2000-03-09
FR2782665B1 (en) 2000-11-10
CA2341600A1 (en) 2000-03-09

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