EP1105067B1 - Method for the computer-controlled production of dentures - Google Patents
Method for the computer-controlled production of dentures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1105067B1 EP1105067B1 EP99944477A EP99944477A EP1105067B1 EP 1105067 B1 EP1105067 B1 EP 1105067B1 EP 99944477 A EP99944477 A EP 99944477A EP 99944477 A EP99944477 A EP 99944477A EP 1105067 B1 EP1105067 B1 EP 1105067B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- articulator
- jaw
- models
- lower jaw
- procedure according
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0004—Computer-assisted sizing or machining of dental prostheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C11/00—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the computer-controlled production of Dentures for the restoration of at least one tooth or jaw area or a complete jaw, especially the occlusal or incisal contact conditions.
- a manufacturing method is from WO-A-95/22299 known.
- a corresponding method can be found in DE 195 18 702 A1. Doing so first with the help of a measuring device, which is a scanning system with optical or mechanical sensor or 3D camera can act on the geometry of the to be restored tooth and its surroundings and recorded electronically saved. In a second step, the image is interpreted. In a third step the restoration is constructed. Then the digitized ones obtained using CAD are digitized Signals fed to a numerically controlled machine (CAM) to get out of a Material block to manufacture the dentures. Detecting the geometry of the to be restored Area takes place at a treatment place like dentist's chair. On the other hand the evaluation of the measurement results and the manufacture of the denture itself a separate place. The CAD / CAM tasks can be done via a central computer be carried out.
- a measuring device which is a scanning system with optical or mechanical sensor or 3D camera can act on the geometry of the to be restored tooth and its surroundings and recorded electronically saved.
- the image is interpreted.
- the restoration is constructed. Then the digit
- CAD / CAM techniques for the fabrication of a denture also reach EP 0 311 214 B1 to be used, whereby to determine the geometry of the construction A three-dimensional photo of a denture prepared by a dentist Tooth is made in the patient's mouth.
- the present invention lies u. a. underlying the problem, a process of to further develop the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that dental prostheses can be obtained in a simple manner CAD / CAM techniques can be produced, while at the same time ensuring that the contact surfaces of the dentures have the required individual design, so that rework is generally not necessary.
- skull related Upper jaw position must be taken into account, especially with regard to the TMJ, its axis of rotation (hinge axis) and the trajectories of the Mandibular condyle.
- the known spatial orientation of the fixed points to the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the articulator or other geometric data of the Articulator via one connected to the models of the upper and / or lower jaw Reference element that can only be inserted in the measuring system in a single position is clearly transferred to the measuring system and thus directly or indirectly Assignment of virtual or real reference points of the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the Articulator or other geometric sizes of the articulator to the coordinate system of the measuring system or the measured data is possible.
- the models can preferably be positioned as desired in the measuring system and the fixed points to the articulator via an external reference element that together is measured with the models or indirectly a defined position of the models defined to the measuring system, transferred to the data set and thus directly or indirect assignment of virtual or real reference points of the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the articulator or other geometric sizes of the articulator for Coordinate system of the measuring system or the measured data are possible.
- a further development provides for more than two fixed points and / or a reference level used to define the spatial relationship of the models to the articulator and thus when converting the models into the measuring system, those in the articulator fixed position including the distance relationship of the models in the occlusal direction (Points of contact of the rows of teeth of both jaws (models)) in the spatial Orientation of the data records from the upper and lower jaw are transmitted.
- conventional techniques are used to manufacture a denture with an individually designed contact surface, by manufacturing and alignment Dental registration techniques common to upper and lower jaw models that are manageable and extensively tested.
- the upper and lower jaw models are used to determine the geometry of the restoration measured according to known techniques, with z. B. the upper jaw model to the axis of rotation of the articulator and thus due to Alignment of the lower jaw to the upper jaw of the unambiguous which also takes place Assignment of the lower jaw model to the axis of rotation of the articulator Upper jaw positions can be taken into account and occlusal areas in their spatial relationship to each other can be optimally modeled and processed can. When measuring the upper jaw model and the lower jaw model, the Virtual axis of rotation of the articulator, so that a clear assignment of the data with the result is that an optimal geometry determination of the to be restored Tooth or jaw area taking into account an individual The contact surfaces are designed.
- Models in the measuring system including the position fixed in the articulator Distance relationship of the models in the occlusal direction (points of contact of the rows of teeth of both jaws (models)) in the spatial orientation of the data sets of upper and lower jaw to transmit.
- the base plate of the upper jaw model is used as fixed points, both in the articulator and in a measuring device for determining the geometry of the tooth to be restored and its surroundings can be clearly positioned.
- the scanning of the upper jaw model and the lower jaw model can be done mechanically and / or optically.
- the corresponding digitized measurement results are made using the known spatial orientation of the at least two fixed points of the upper and lower jaw model or selected reference points to the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the articulator or associated reference points with the digitized virtual ones Reference points of the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the articulator or other geometric Data of the articulator linked, then based on the data obtained in this way Values of the dentures constructed virtually and corresponding to the constructed dentures digital signals implemented using CAM to manufacture the dentures.
- a CCD camera is used to determine the geometry is, the areas of the upper jaw model and the lower jaw model to be recorded for example, can be illuminated with stripe patterns.
- Other Processes such as gray code processes, phase shift processes, phase measuring processes or triangulation are also possible.
- the one formed by the lower jaw is then formed Counterbite with base plate 16b aligned with the upper jaw model 12.
- the geometry is now provided by means of a measuring device 24 of a tooth or jaw area or jaw to be restored and its Environment is determined, the axis of rotation 22 of the articulator 10 using the known geometric relationship of the at least two fixed points of the top and Lower jaw model or selected reference points to the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the Articulator (e.g. base plate) or associated reference points to the axis of rotation (Hinge axis) of the articulator in known spatial orientation to this in the Measuring device can be used, as illustrated in principle by FIG. 5 becomes.
- the - in the exemplary embodiment - optical measurement of the Upper jaw model 12 a simultaneous assignment of the data to the axis of rotation 22 of the Articulator 10 and thus to the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the temporomandibular joint of the Patients.
- reference levels e.g. base plates
- this degree of freedom can be calculated the "touching of the data records" when rotating around the axis of rotation (hinge axis) be defined in terms of software.
- the transmission of the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the Lower jaw to upper jaw allows for the construction of the denture individual values related to the data obtained and digitized by the measurement the movement paths of the lower jaw (condylar inclination angle, Bennett angle, Fischer angle, side shift) to the upper jaw can also be taken into account.
- the upper jaw model 12 is on a wedge-shaped Bracket 26 is arranged around the area of the tooth to be restored or pine z. B. with streak light, which is emitted by a stripe projector 28 is going to act.
- a CCD camera 30 is the image of Stripe pattern determined, z. B. by the distortion of the stripe pattern Depth information can be obtained.
- the CCD camera 30 can around the Axis D1 can be rotated. Accordingly, there is also the option of model 12 to rotate axis D2. These measures enable spatial geometry to be recorded of the model 12 possible.
- the lower jaw model 14 is measured, which is due to the unique assignment to the upper jaw model 12 after the articulation likewise a clear assignment to the virtually included axis of rotation 22 of the articulator 10 shows.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur rechnergesteuerten Herstellung von Zahnersatz zur Restauration von zumindest einem Zahn oder einem Kieferbereich oder einem vollständigen Kiefer, insbesondere der okklusalen bzw. inzisalen Kontaktverhältnisse. Ein Herstellungsverfahren ist aus der WO-A-95/22299 bekannt.The invention relates to a method for the computer-controlled production of Dentures for the restoration of at least one tooth or jaw area or a complete jaw, especially the occlusal or incisal contact conditions. A manufacturing method is from WO-A-95/22299 known.
Ein entsprechendes Verfahren ist der DE 195 18 702 A1 zu entnehmen. Dabei wird zunächst mit Hilfe einer Messeinrichtung, bei der es sich um ein Abtastsystem mit optischem oder mechanischem Fühler oder 3D-Kamera handeln kann, die Geometrie des zu restaurierenden Zahnes und seiner Umgebung aufgenommen und elektronisch gespeichert. In einem zweiten Schritt wird das Bild interpretiert. In einem dritten Schritt wird die Restauration konstruiert. Sodann werden die mittels CAD gewonnenen digitalisierten Signale einer numerisch gesteuerten Maschine (CAM) zugeführt, um aus einem Materialblock den Zahnersatz zu fertigen. Das Erfassen der Geometrie des zu restaurierenden Bereichs erfolgt an einem Behandlungsplatz wie Zahnarztstuhl. Dagegen erfolgt die Auswertung der Messergebnisse sowie die Herstellung des Zahnersatzes selbst an einem gesonderten Ort. Die CAD/CAM-Aufgaben können dabei über einen Zentralrechner ausgeführt werden.A corresponding method can be found in DE 195 18 702 A1. Doing so first with the help of a measuring device, which is a scanning system with optical or mechanical sensor or 3D camera can act on the geometry of the to be restored tooth and its surroundings and recorded electronically saved. In a second step, the image is interpreted. In a third step the restoration is constructed. Then the digitized ones obtained using CAD are digitized Signals fed to a numerically controlled machine (CAM) to get out of a Material block to manufacture the dentures. Detecting the geometry of the to be restored Area takes place at a treatment place like dentist's chair. On the other hand the evaluation of the measurement results and the manufacture of the denture itself a separate place. The CAD / CAM tasks can be done via a central computer be carried out.
Ein entsprechendes Verfahren zeigt jedoch den Nachteil, dass eine hinreichende Gestaltung der Kontaktfläche des Zahnersatzes nicht erfolgen kann. Vielmehr bedarf es häufig einer Nachbearbeitung.However, a corresponding method has the disadvantage that it is of sufficient design the contact surface of the denture cannot take place. Rather, it is often required post-processing.
CAD/CAM-Techniken zur Herstellung eines Zahnersatzes gelangen auch nach der EP 0 311 214 B1 zur Anwendung, wobei zur Geometriebestimmung des zu konstruierenden Zahnersatzes ein dreidimensionales Foto eines durch einen Zahnarzt präparierten Zahnes im Mund des Patienten hergestellt wird.CAD / CAM techniques for the fabrication of a denture also reach EP 0 311 214 B1 to be used, whereby to determine the geometry of the construction A three-dimensional photo of a denture prepared by a dentist Tooth is made in the patient's mouth.
Aus der Literaturstelle Phillip Journal 7, Seiten 227 bis 235, Computermodellierter Zahnersatz mit dem Cicero-System, ist ein automatisches Fabrikationsverfahren für festsitzende Restaurationen bekannt. Dabei werden eine optische Vermessung, Sintertechnologie und computerunterstützte Fertigungstechnik verwendet.From Phillip Journal 7, pages 227 to 235, computer modeled Dentures with the Cicero system is an automatic manufacturing process for fixed restorations known. This involves optical measurement, sintering technology and computer-aided manufacturing technology.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt u. a. das Problem zu Grunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, dass auf einfache Weise Zahnersatz mittels CAD/CAM-Techniken herstellbar ist, wobei gleichzeitig sichergestellt werden soll, dass die Kontaktflächen des Zahnersatzes die erforderliche individuelle Gestaltung aufweisen, so dass ein Nacharbeiten grundsätzlich nicht erforderlich ist. Auch soll schädelbezüglicher Oberkieferposition Rechnung getragen werden, insbesondere in Bezug auf das Kiefergelenk, dessen Drehachse (Scharnierachse) und die Bewegungsbahnen der Kiefergelenkköpfchen.The present invention lies u. a. underlying the problem, a process of to further develop the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that dental prostheses can be obtained in a simple manner CAD / CAM techniques can be produced, while at the same time ensuring that the contact surfaces of the dentures have the required individual design, so that rework is generally not necessary. Also supposed to be skull related Upper jaw position must be taken into account, especially with regard to the TMJ, its axis of rotation (hinge axis) and the trajectories of the Mandibular condyle.
Erfindungsgemäß wird das Problem im Wesentlichen durch die Verfahrensschritte gelöst:
- Abformen von Ober- und Unterkiefer zur Herstellung von Oberkiefer- und Unterkiefermodellen sowie Zuordnung dieser mittels eines Artikulators in einer der Patientensituation entsprechenden räumlichen Orientierung zueinander,
- Zuordnung von zumindest zwei Fixpunkten des Oberkiefermodells und/oder des Unterkiefermodells oder gewählter Referenzpunkte zur Drehachse des Artikulators oder dieser zugeordneter zumindest zwei Bezugspunkte,
- Anordnen des Oberkiefermodells und Anordnen des Unterkiefermodells in einer Messeinrichtung zur Geometriebestimmung des zu restaurierenden Zahns bzw. Kieferbereichs oder Kiefers, wobei mindestens zwei Fixpunkte in vorbestimmter Stellung zum Koordinatensystem der Messeinrichtung zur virtuellen Darstellung der Drehachse des Artikulators bzw. der dieser zugeodneten zumindest zwei Bezugspunkte positioniert werden,
- Digitalisieren der Ober- und Unterkiefermodelle oder Anteile dieser Modelle,
- Zusammenfügen der Digitalisierdaten des Ober- und Unterkiefers entsprechend der mit der Vermessung übertragenen Daten der Fixpunkte des Artikulators,
- Konstruktion des Zahnersatzes mittels CAD und
- Fertigung des Zahnersatzes mittels CAM.
- Molding the upper and lower jaws to produce upper and lower jaw models and assigning them to each other using an articulator in a spatial orientation that corresponds to the patient's situation,
- Assignment of at least two fixed points of the upper jaw model and / or the lower jaw model or selected reference points to the axis of rotation of the articulator or at least two reference points assigned to it,
- Arranging the upper jaw model and arranging the lower jaw model in a measuring device for determining the geometry of the tooth or jaw area or jaw to be restored, at least two fixed points being positioned in a predetermined position relative to the coordinate system of the measuring device for virtual representation of the axis of rotation of the articulator or the at least two reference points assigned to it .
- Digitizing the upper and lower jaw models or parts of these models,
- Merging the digitizing data of the upper and lower jaw according to the data of the fixed points of the articulator transmitted with the measurement,
- Construction of the dentures using CAD and
- Fabrication of the dentures using CAM.
Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die bekannte räumliche Orientierung der Fixpunkte zur Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des Artikulators oder weiterer geometrischer Daten des Artikulators über ein mit den Modellen des Ober- und/oder Unterkiefers verbundenes Referenzelement, das nur in einer einzigen Position in das Messsystem einzusetzen ist, eindeutig in das Messsystem übertragen wird und damit direkt oder mittelbar eine Zuordnung virtueller oder realer Bezugspunkte der Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des Artikulators oder weiterer geometrischer Größen des Artikulators zum Koordinatensystem des Messsystems oder der gemessenen Daten möglich wird.In particular, it is provided that the known spatial orientation of the fixed points to the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the articulator or other geometric data of the Articulator via one connected to the models of the upper and / or lower jaw Reference element that can only be inserted in the measuring system in a single position, is clearly transferred to the measuring system and thus directly or indirectly Assignment of virtual or real reference points of the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the Articulator or other geometric sizes of the articulator to the coordinate system of the measuring system or the measured data is possible.
Vorzugsweise kann eine beliebige Positionierung der Modelle im Messsystem erfolgen und die Fixpunkte zum Artikulator über ein externes Referenzelement, das zusammen mit den Modellen vermessen wird oder mittelbar eine definierte Position der Modelle zum Messsystem definiert, in den Datensatz übertragen werden und damit direkt oder mittelbar eine Zuordnung virtueller oder realer Bezugspunkte der Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des Artikulators oder weiterer geometrischer Größen des Artikulators zum Koordinatensystem des Messsystems oder der gemessenen Daten möglich werden. The models can preferably be positioned as desired in the measuring system and the fixed points to the articulator via an external reference element that together is measured with the models or indirectly a defined position of the models defined to the measuring system, transferred to the data set and thus directly or indirect assignment of virtual or real reference points of the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the articulator or other geometric sizes of the articulator for Coordinate system of the measuring system or the measured data are possible.
In Weiterbildung ist vorgesehen, dass mehr als zwei Fixpunkte und/oder eine Bezugsebene zur Definition der rämlichen Lagebeziehung der Modelle zum Artikulator genutzt werden und somit beim Umsetzen der Modelle in das Messsystem die im Artikulator fixierte Position einschließlich der Abstandsbeziehung der Modelle in okklusaler Richtung (Berührungspunkte der Zahnreihen beider Kiefer (Modelle)) in die räumliche Orientierung der Datensätze von Ober- und Unterkiefer übertragen werden.A further development provides for more than two fixed points and / or a reference level used to define the spatial relationship of the models to the articulator and thus when converting the models into the measuring system, those in the articulator fixed position including the distance relationship of the models in the occlusal direction (Points of contact of the rows of teeth of both jaws (models)) in the spatial Orientation of the data records from the upper and lower jaw are transmitted.
Erfindungsgemäß nutzt man konventionelle Techniken zur Herstellung eines Zahnersatzes mit individuell gestalteter Kontaktfläche, indem zur Herstellung und Ausrichtung von Oberkiefer- und Unterkiefermodellen übliche zahnärztliche Registriertechniken zur Anwendung gelangen, die beherrschbar und umfassend erprobt sind.According to the invention, conventional techniques are used to manufacture a denture with an individually designed contact surface, by manufacturing and alignment Dental registration techniques common to upper and lower jaw models that are manageable and extensively tested.
Zur Geometriebestimmung der Restauration werden die Oberkiefer- und Unterkiefermodelle nach bekannten Techniken vermessen, wobei durch die eindeutige Zuordnung z. B. des Oberkiefermodells zu der Drehachse des Artikulators und damit aufgrund der Ausrichtung des Unterkiefers auf den Oberkiefer der ebenfalls erfolgenden eindeutigen Zuordnung des Unterkiefermodells auf die Drehachse des Artikulators schädelbezügliche Oberkieferpositionen berücksichtigt werden können und okklusale Bereiche in ihrer räumlichen Beziehung zueinander optimal nachempfunden und bearbeitet werden können. Bei Vermessung des Oberkiefermodells und des Unterkiefermodells liegt die Drehachse des Artikulators virtuell vor, so dass eine eindeutige Zuordnung der Daten mit dem Ergebnis gegeben ist, dass eine optimale Geometriebestimmung des zu restaurierenden Zahnes bzw. Kieferbereichs unter Berücksichtigung einer individuellen Gestaltung der Kontaktflächen erfolgt. Die Nutzung von mehr als zwei Fixpunkten oder einer Bezugsebene in Bezug auf den Artikulator gestattet es beim Umsetzen der Modelle in das Messsystem die im Artikulator fixierte Position einschließlich der Abstandsbeziehung der Modelle in okklusaler Richtung (Berührungspunkte der Zahnreihen beider Kiefer (Modelle)) in die räumliche Orientierung der Datensätze von Ober- und Unterkiefer zu übermmitteln. The upper and lower jaw models are used to determine the geometry of the restoration measured according to known techniques, with z. B. the upper jaw model to the axis of rotation of the articulator and thus due to Alignment of the lower jaw to the upper jaw of the unambiguous which also takes place Assignment of the lower jaw model to the axis of rotation of the articulator Upper jaw positions can be taken into account and occlusal areas in their spatial relationship to each other can be optimally modeled and processed can. When measuring the upper jaw model and the lower jaw model, the Virtual axis of rotation of the articulator, so that a clear assignment of the data with the result is that an optimal geometry determination of the to be restored Tooth or jaw area taking into account an individual The contact surfaces are designed. The use of more than two fixed points or a reference plane in relation to the articulator allows it to be implemented Models in the measuring system including the position fixed in the articulator Distance relationship of the models in the occlusal direction (points of contact of the rows of teeth of both jaws (models)) in the spatial orientation of the data sets of upper and lower jaw to transmit.
Dadurch, dass beim Vermessen des Oberkiefermodells bzw. Unterkiefermodells die Drehachse des Artikulators sowie gegebenenfalls ein weiterer Bezugspunkt oder eine Bezugsebene virtuell vorliegen, können zur Berechnung der Restauration Kondylenbahnneigungswinkel und/oder Bennettwinkel und/oder Fischerwinkel und/oder Side-Shift berücksichtigt werden, so dass ein optimaler Zahnersatz herstellbar ist.The fact that when measuring the upper jaw model or lower jaw model the Axis of rotation of the articulator and, if appropriate, a further reference point or a Virtual reference plane can be used to calculate the restoration condylar inclination angle and / or Bennett angle and / or Fischer angle and / or side shift are taken into account so that an optimal denture can be produced.
Mit anderen Worten wird patientenseitig mit konventionellen Methoden gearbeitet, wobei gleichzeitig sämtliche Vorteile rechnergesteuerter Arbeitsverfahren genutzt werden.In other words, conventional methods are used on the patient side, using all the advantages of computer-controlled working methods at the same time become.
Als Fixpunkte werden insbesondere die Sockelplatte des Oberkiefermodelles verwendet, die sowohl in dem Artikulator als auch in einer Messeinrichtung zur Geometriebestimmung des zu restaurierenden Zahns und seiner Umgebung eindeutig positionierbar ist. Das Abtasten des Oberkiefermodells und des Unterkiefermodells kann mechanisch und/oder optisch erfolgen.In particular, the base plate of the upper jaw model is used as fixed points, both in the articulator and in a measuring device for determining the geometry of the tooth to be restored and its surroundings can be clearly positioned. The scanning of the upper jaw model and the lower jaw model can be done mechanically and / or optically.
Die entsprechenden digitalisierten Messergebnisse werden unter Nutzung der bekannten räumlichen Orientierung der zumindest zwei Fixpunkte des Ober- und Unterkiefermodells oder gewählter Referenzpunkte zur Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des Artikulators oder dieser zugeordneter Bezugspunkte mit den digitalisiert vorliegenden virtuellen Bezugspunkten der Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des Artikulators oder weiteren geometrischen Daten des Artikulators verknüpft, anschließend aufgrund der so gewonnenen Werte der Zahnersatz virtuell konstruiert und dem konstruierten Zahnersatz entsprechende digitale Signale mittels CAM zur Fertigung des Zahnersatzes umgesetzt.The corresponding digitized measurement results are made using the known spatial orientation of the at least two fixed points of the upper and lower jaw model or selected reference points to the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the articulator or associated reference points with the digitized virtual ones Reference points of the axis of rotation (hinge axis) of the articulator or other geometric Data of the articulator linked, then based on the data obtained in this way Values of the dentures constructed virtually and corresponding to the constructed dentures digital signals implemented using CAM to manufacture the dentures.
Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass zur Geometriebestimmung eine CCD-Kamera verwendet wird, wobei die zu erfassenden Bereiche des Oberkiefermodells und des Unterkiefermodells zum Beispiel mit Streifenmuster beleuchtet werden können. Andere Verfahren wie Graycode-Verfahren, Phaseshift-Verfahren, phasenmessende Verfahren oder Triangulation sind gleichfalls möglich. In particular, it is provided that a CCD camera is used to determine the geometry is, the areas of the upper jaw model and the lower jaw model to be recorded for example, can be illuminated with stripe patterns. Other Processes such as gray code processes, phase shift processes, phase measuring processes or triangulation are also possible.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich nicht nur aus den Ansprüchen, den diesen zu entnehmenden Merkmalen - für sich und/oder in Kombination -, sondern auch aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines der Zeichnung zu entnehmenden bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels.Further details, advantages and features of the invention do not only result from the claims, the features to be extracted from them - for themselves and / or in Combination - but also from the following description of one of the drawings to be taken preferred embodiment.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Prinzipdarstellung eines Gesichtsbogens mit zwischen Ober- und Unterkiefer an einer Person positionierter Bissgabel,
- Fig. 2
- der der Fig. 1 zu entnehmende Gesichtsbogen zum Positionieren eines Oberkiefermodells in einem Artikulator,
- Fig. 3
- der Artikulator nach Fig. 2 mit einem artikulierten Ober- und Unterkiefermodell,
- Fig. 4
- eine Ausführungsform eines in einer Messeinrichtung angeordneten Oberkiefermodells und
- Fig. 5
- die Messeinrichtung nach Fig. 4 mit virtueller Artikulatordrehachse.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of a facebow with a bite fork positioned between a person's upper and lower jaw,
- Fig. 2
- 1 for the positioning of an upper jaw model in an articulator,
- Fig. 3
- 2 with an articulated upper and lower jaw model,
- Fig. 4
- an embodiment of an upper jaw model arranged in a measuring device and
- Fig. 5
- 4 with virtual articulator axis of rotation.
In den Fig. 1 bis 3 sind hinlänglich bekannte Geräte und mit diesen durchzuführende
zahnärztliche Registriertechniken rein prinzipiell dargestellt, mit denen in einem Artikulator
10 ein Oberkiefermodell 12 und zu diesem ein Unterkiefermodell 14 einartikuliert
werden. Hierzu wird beispielsweise in gewohnter Weise zunächst durch Abformen ein
Kiefermodell mit Modellsockel hergestellt, welches zur Montage in den Artikulator 10
mit einer lösbar mit dem Artikulator verbundenen Sockelplatte 16a über Gipsmaterial
verbunden wird, nachdem das geeignete Modell auf einer Bissgabel 18 ausgerichtet ist,
die entsprechend der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Verfahrensweise über einen Gesichtsbogen
20 die Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des Kiefergelenkes des Patienten beispielsweise
durch eine schwenkbar im äußeren Gehörgang des Patienten positionierte Vorrichtung
überträgt.1 to 3 are well-known devices and to be carried out with them
Dental registration techniques shown in principle, with those in an
Nach Entfernen des Gesichtsbogens 20 wird sodann der durch den Unterkiefer gebildete
Gegenbiss mit Sockelplatte 16b auf das Oberkiefermodell 12 ausgerichtet.After removing the
Da das Oberkiefermodell 12 eindeutig zur Drehachse 22 des Artikulators 10 ausgerichtet
ist, ist folglich durch die wiederum eindeutige Zuordnung zwischen dem Oberkiefermodell
12 und dem Unterkiefermodell 14 letzteres auch eindeutig zur Drehachse 22
positioniert.Since the
Insoweit wird jedoch auf hinlänglich bekannte und beherrschte Registriertechniken verwiesen. Gleiches gilt in Bezug auf mögliche exzentrische Bewegungen des Unterkiefers, so dass insoweit auch auf den vorbekannten Stand der Technik verwiesen wird.In this respect, however, reference is made to well-known and mastered registration techniques. The same applies to possible eccentric movements of the lower jaw, so that reference is made to the known state of the art.
Erfindungsgemäß ist nun vorgesehen, dass mittels einer Messeinrichtung 24 die Geometrie
eines zu restaurierenden Zahnes bzw. Kieferbereichs oder Kiefers und dessen
Umgebung bestimmt wird, wobei die Drehachse 22 des Artikulators 10 anhand der
bekannten geometrischen Beziehung der zumindest zwei Fixpunkte des Ober- und
Unterkiefermodells oder gewählter Referenzpunkte zur Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des
Artikulators (z. B. Sockelplatte) oder dieser zugeordneter Bezugspunkte zur Drehachse
(Scharnierachse) des Artikulators in bekannter räumlicher Orientierung zu dieser in die
Messeinrichtung eingesetzt werden, wie dies prinzipiell durch die Fig. 5 verdeutlicht
wird. Somit erfolgt bei der - im Ausführungsbeispiel optischen - Vermessung des
Oberkiefermodells 12 eine gleichzeitige Zuordnung der Daten zur Drehachse 22 des
Artikulators 10 und somit zur Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des Kiefergelenkes des
Patienten. Bei Anwendung von Bezugsebenen (beispielsweise Sockelplatten) zur
Übertragung der Drehachse (Schamierachse) wird auch eine korrekte Zuordnung der
Modelle entsprechend des verbleibenden Freiheitsgrades (Rotation um die Drehachse
(Scharnierachse)) sichergestellt. Alternativ kann dieser Freiheitsgrad durch Berechnung
der "Berührung der Datensätze" bei Rotation um die Drehachse (Scharnierachse)
softwaretechnisch definiert werden. Die Übertragung der Drehachse (Scharnierachse) des
Unterkiefers zum Oberkiefer ermöglicht, dass zur Konstruktion des Zahnersatzes aus
den durch die Messung gewonnen und digitalisierten Daten individuelle Werte bezüglich
der Bewegungsbahnen des Unterkiefers (Kondylenbahnneigungswinkel, Bennett-Winkel,
Fischer-Winkel, Side-Shift) zum Oberkiefer mitberücksichtigt werden können.According to the invention, the geometry is now provided by means of a measuring
Mit anderen Worten erfolgt eine räumliche Zuordnung von Oberkiefermodell 12 und
Unterkiefermodell 14 aufgrund der virtuell hinterlegten Drehachse 22, obwohl Unterkiefermodell
14 und Oberkiefermodell 12 unabhängig voneinander ausgemessen werden.In other words, there is a spatial assignment of the
Ausschlaggebend ist allein, dass eine eindeutige Bezugnahme zwischen einem der
Modelle 12 und 14 zur Drehachse 22 oder dieser zugeordnete Bezugspunkte und sodann
zum Koordinatensystem einer Messeinrichtung 24 gegeben ist. Dies erfolgt vorzugsweise
über die Sockelplatte 16a, 16b, die in der in den Fig. 4 und 5 dargestellten Messeinrichtung
24 eindeutig positioniert ist und damit eine eindeutige Zuordnung zur
Drehachse 22 oder entsprechenden Bezugspunkte des Artikulators 10 ermöglicht.The only decisive factor is that a clear reference between one of the
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 4 und 5 ist das Oberkiefermodell 12 auf einer keilförmigen
Halterung 26 angeordnet, um sodann den Bereich des zu restaurierenden Zahns
bzw. Kiefers z. B. mit Streifenlicht, welches von einem Streifenprojektor 28 abgestrahlt
wird, zu beaufschlagen. Mit z. B. einer CCD-Kamera 30 wird die Abbildung des
Streifenmusters bestimmt, wobei z. B. durch die Verzerrung des Streifenmusters
Tiefeninformationen erzielbar sind.4 and 5, the
Zur räumlichen Ausmessung der Modelle 12, 14 kann die CCD-Kamera 30 um die
Achse D1 gedreht werden. Entsprechend besteht auch die Möglichkeit, das Modell 12
um die Achse D2 zu drehen. Durch diese Maßnahmen ist eine räumliche Geometrieerfassung
des Modells 12 möglich. For the spatial measurement of the
Entsprechend wird das Unterkiefermodell 14 ausgemessen, welches aufgrund der
eindeutigen Zuordnung zu dem Oberkiefermodell 12 nach dem Einartikulieren gleichfalls
eine eindeutige Zuordnung zu der virtuell miterfassten Drehachse 22 des Artikulators
10 zeigt.Accordingly, the
Die so ermittelten Werte werden mittels eines CAD-Systems verarbeitet, um einen Zahnersatz zu konstruieren. Anschließend erfolgt die Herstellung eines Zahnersatzes in gewohnter Weise mit CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing).The values determined in this way are processed by means of a CAD system in order to Construct dentures. Then a denture is made in as usual with CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing).
Andere Möglichkeiten zum Ausmessen des Ober- und Unterkiefermodells 12 und 14
wie z. B. stereophotogrammetrische Verfahren unter Verwendung konventioneller
Kameras mit Lichtleiter und konventionellen Filmmaterials und anschließender Digitalisierung
oder Anfertigen von Aufnahmen jeder Präparation mittels CCD-Kameras, wobei
Streifenmuster zur Ermittlung der Tiefeninformation abgebildet werden können, sind
gleichfalls möglich. Das mechanische Digitalisieren ist als weitere Messmöglichkeit
anzugeben.Other ways to measure the upper and
Claims (13)
- Procedure for computer-controlled fabrication of artificial denture for restoring at least one tooth or a partial jaw or a complete jaw, comprising the following step:Taking an impression of the upper and the lower jaws, fabricating the upper jaw and the lower jaw models as well as arranging the same in an articulator in a patient's case dependent spatial orientation to one another,allocation of at least two fixed points of the upper jaw model or of the lower jaw model or of designated reference points relative to the pivot of the articulator or at least two reference points assigned to the same,arrangement of the upper jaw model and the lower jaw model in a measuring device for determining the geometry of the tooth or partial jaw or complete jaw to be restored, wherein at least two fixed points are located in predetermined position relative to the coordinate system of the measuring device for virtual representation of the pivot of the articulator or to the two reference points assigned to the same,digitalisation of the upper and lower jaw models or parts of the same, by considering the virtual pivot of the articulator and at least the two reference points,combining the digitalised data of the upper and lower jaw according to the data - transmitted with the measurements - of the fixed point of the articulator,design of the artificial denture using CAD andfabrication of the artificial denture using CAM.
- Procedure according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
the known spatial orientation of said fixed points relative to the pivot (hinge axis) of the articulator or to other geometrical data of the articulator is distinctively transferred to the measuring system via a reference element, connected with the models of the upper and/or lower jaw, which is then fitted into a specific position in the measuring system and thus direct or indirect assignment of virtual or real reference points of the pivot (hinge axis) of the articulator or of other geometrical quantities of the articulator is possible relative to the coordinate system of the measuring system or of the measured data. - Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2,
characterised in that,
arbitrary positioning of the models takes place in the measuring system and the fixed points relative to the articulator via an external reference element that is measured together with the models or indirectly a specific position of the models defined relative to the measuring system is transferred to the data set and thus a direct or indirect assignment of virtual or real reference points of the pivot (hinge axis) of the articulator or of other geometrical quantities of the articulator is possible relative to the coordinate system of the measuring system or of the measured data. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
more than two fixed points and/or a reference plane are used for defining the spatial positional relationship of the models to the articulator and thus, when transferring the models into the measuring system, the fixed position in the articulator together with the displacement relationship of the models in occlusal direction (contact points of the teeth rows on both jaws (models)) are transferred into the spatial orientation of the data sets of the upper and lower jaws. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
besides the measured condylar curve inclination and/or Bennet angle and/or Fischer angle and/or side shift, the signals representing the geometry of the upper jaw model or the lower jaw model, the virtual pivot of the articulator or the reference points assigned to the latter are included in the design of the artificial denture. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
the digitalised measurements obtained from the upper jaw model and/or the lower jaw model are assigned to the virtual pivot of the articulator available in digital values, hence the artificial denture is designed virtually and the digital signals corresponding to the designed artificial denture are converted by means of CAM to fabricate the denture. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
the base plate of the upper jaw model is used as fixed points. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
the upper jaw model and/or the lower jaw model are mechanically and/or optically sensed. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
a CCD camera is used for geometrical determination of the tooth or partial jaw to be restored. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
to measure the tooth or partial jaw; the same is irradiated with a stripes-pattern. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
a stereophotogrammetric process is used for determining the geometry of the tooth or partial jaw to be restored. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
that mechanical or optical positioning aids are used for the transfer of the hinge axis. - Procedure according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that,
the degree of freedom left over after assignment of the measured data sets of the upper and lower jaw models via the pivot (hinge axis) is defined by calculation of the overlaps of the data sets of the upper and lower jaw or by graphical representation of these overlaps in the CAD software.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19838238 | 1998-08-22 | ||
| DE19838238A DE19838238A1 (en) | 1998-08-22 | 1998-08-22 | Process for the computer-controlled manufacture of dentures |
| PCT/EP1999/006170 WO2000010482A1 (en) | 1998-08-22 | 1999-08-23 | Method for the computer-controlled production of dentures |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1105067A1 EP1105067A1 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
| EP1105067B1 true EP1105067B1 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
Family
ID=7878418
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99944477A Expired - Lifetime EP1105067B1 (en) | 1998-08-22 | 1999-08-23 | Method for the computer-controlled production of dentures |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6431871B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1105067B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002523133A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE266365T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5738699A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19838238A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000010482A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2471486A2 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2012-07-04 | Ralf Lampalzer | Registration of 3D measuring data for jaw models in a sub-cranial coordinate system with the aid of a computer-supported registration system |
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| DE102009044147A1 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | Amann Girrbach Ag | Digital data model preparing method for e.g. part of upper jaw of patient, involves defining position of digital upper jaw data model in coordinate system by comparison of digital upper jaw data model with digital impression data model |
| RU2494700C2 (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2013-10-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет Федерального агентства по здравоохранению и социальному развитию РФ" | Method of manufacturing non-detachable dental prosthesis |
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-
1998
- 1998-08-22 DE DE19838238A patent/DE19838238A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-08-23 EP EP99944477A patent/EP1105067B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-23 JP JP2000565807A patent/JP2002523133A/en active Pending
- 1999-08-23 US US09/744,992 patent/US6431871B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-23 AU AU57386/99A patent/AU5738699A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-23 WO PCT/EP1999/006170 patent/WO2000010482A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-08-23 DE DE59909483T patent/DE59909483D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-23 AT AT99944477T patent/ATE266365T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2471486A2 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2012-07-04 | Ralf Lampalzer | Registration of 3D measuring data for jaw models in a sub-cranial coordinate system with the aid of a computer-supported registration system |
| EP2471486A3 (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-12-04 | Ralf Lampalzer | Recording of 3D measurement data of jaw models in a coordinate system linked to the base of the skull using a computer-assisted recording system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19838238A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| AU5738699A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
| US6431871B1 (en) | 2002-08-13 |
| JP2002523133A (en) | 2002-07-30 |
| WO2000010482A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| EP1105067A1 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
| ATE266365T1 (en) | 2004-05-15 |
| DE59909483D1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
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