EP1104221A2 - Sounding device - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1104221A2
EP1104221A2 EP00124848A EP00124848A EP1104221A2 EP 1104221 A2 EP1104221 A2 EP 1104221A2 EP 00124848 A EP00124848 A EP 00124848A EP 00124848 A EP00124848 A EP 00124848A EP 1104221 A2 EP1104221 A2 EP 1104221A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
speakers
public address
phase
loudspeakers
address device
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Granted
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EP00124848A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1104221A3 (en
EP1104221B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Pfaffinger
Franz Lorenz
Markus Christoph
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Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
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Harman Audio Electronic Systems GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/02—Spatial or constructional arrangements of loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound system with four Speakers.
  • Each speaker has an essentially unchangeable one Radiation pattern.
  • loudspeakers in public address systems can only be characterized by their radiation characteristics a suitable arrangement of the speakers in the room and / or through additional mechanical aids such as acoustic reflectors or acoustic lenses to a small extent to be influenced.
  • additional mechanical aids such as acoustic reflectors or acoustic lenses to a small extent to be influenced.
  • a special challenge PA systems in motor vehicles since usually the locations for attaching the speakers are not freely selectable and secondly the space available not sufficient for additional mechanical aids.
  • the room to be sounded is usually relative small, so that for example in stereophonic sound adequate channel separation, especially with multiple listeners is often not sufficient.
  • JP 07-046 698 A shows a circuit arrangement with a left and a right audio signal channel, from each of which has a summation level in which the original Sound channel signal one phase shifted and in the amplitude of the proportion of the audio signal from the opposite channel is mixed in (cross coupling).
  • JP 06-315 198 A shows a similar circuit in which additionally a control device for setting the amplifier and the phase shifter in the cross coupling branches is provided. There are also loudspeakers at the outputs the circuit shown. JP 06-315 198 A thus shows a device in which sums of amplitude and Phase different input signals formed become.
  • JP 04-337 999 A discloses an arrangement with several Loudspeakers, which are controlled by phase shifters, by means of which the direction of radiation of the loudspeakers is changed can be.
  • FIG. 4 (2) is a Circuit shown with cross-coupling branches in which Attenuators and phase shifters are included. This Circuit part is in an overall circuit for expanding and Control of sound images ("sound fields") included.
  • the object of WO 97 30 466 A1 also aims to map virtual sound sources at predetermined locations. At the same time, the beam angle (e.g. 10 degrees) included by the speakers is taken into account.
  • filter circuits H 1 (z) and H 2 (z) are provided both in the main branches and in the cross-coupling branches, which cause phase shifts.
  • JP 02-241 296 A is an arrangement with four speakers known in the front of a car Driver and the front passenger are arranged and operated that both perceive a usable stereo sound image can.
  • the object of the invention is therefore a public address system specify their radiation characteristics without changing their position the speaker and without additional mechanical aids is changeable.
  • the advantage of the invention is that the radiation characteristic is based on is electronically changeable and therefore the necessary Device has a relatively small space requirement, must not be placed near the speakers and is easy to manufacture in large series.
  • a sound system with four speakers and at least one two Upstream speakers, controlled by two input signals
  • Signal processing device for generating Control signals for the respective two speakers, where the control signals are equal to the sum of the amplitude and phase of input signals evaluated differently are such that the radiation characteristics of each two speakers from the evaluation of the input signals depends.
  • the signal processing device can be in analog and / or equally in digital circuit technology will be realized. By changing the phases and / or Damping / reinforcements can thus be the desired Radiation pattern can be set.
  • the signal processing device preferably has two adders on which each with the interposition of a first Phase shifter and a first coefficient element each one of the input signals and with interposition a second phase shifter and a second coefficient element the other input signal is fed. This makes it easy to set everyone separately Phases and amplitudes.
  • the first and second phase shifters are the same in each case Phase shifts and the first and second coefficient terms same damping / reinforcement.
  • phase shifters used that generate frequency-independent phase shifts So-called in particular come as phase shifters Hilbert transformers are used, which are frequency-independent Generate a 90 degree phase shift. Prefers however, the phase shifts can be changed. That around 90 Degrees phase-shifted signal can do this with the original Sig-nal be mixed appropriately to form a sig-nal of any phase shift with constant amplitude to obtain. This makes it easy to set the Phase shift reached without the frequency response of the individual loudspeaker changed by the control signal itself becomes.
  • phase shifters can also be used be at least only in a certain frequency range cause a frequency-independent phase shift, where tolerates the frequency shift in the other frequency ranges becomes. That being said, in certain cases also a certain frequency dependence of the control signal be desirable if, for example, deficits in the frequency response of the speaker can be compensated.
  • a phase shifter come analogue designed accordingly and / or digital filters are used.
  • the two are Speakers placed between the other two speakers, the main emission directions of the two a speaker at a certain angle to the perpendicular from each other are set away towards the other speakers.
  • the main emission directions of the others are preferably located Speakers at a certain angle to the vertical towards the one speaker.
  • an optimal one for two listeners Get adjustment In order to can be, for example, an optimal one for two listeners Get adjustment.
  • the other speakers can also be one (further) signal processing device are connected upstream, to make it easy to set the other speakers too to allow the radiation pattern.
  • two loudspeakers 1 and 2 are each controlled by one of two stereophonic input signals E1, E2 with the interposition of a power amplifier 3, 4 in each case.
  • a signal conditioning device 5 is connected upstream of the power amplifiers 3, 4, to which the input signals E 1 and E2 are supplied.
  • the input signal E 1 is fed to an adder 8 via a phase shifter 6 with a frequency-independent phase shift ⁇ 1 and via a coefficient element 7 with a coefficient K 1 representing a damping or amplification.
  • the adder 8 receives the input signal E 2 with the interposition of a phase shifter 9 with a frequency-independent phase shift ⁇ 2 and a coefficient element 10 with a coefficient K 2 representing a damping or amplification.
  • the adder 8 uses this to generate a drive signal A 1 for the power amplifier 3.
  • the input signal E 2 is fed to an adder 13 via a phase shifter 11 with the frequency-independent phase shift ⁇ 1 and via a coefficient element 12 with the coefficient K 1 .
  • the adder 13 also receives the input signal E 1 with the interposition of a phase shifter 14 with the frequency-independent phase shift ⁇ 2 and a coefficient element 10 with the coefficient K 2 and generates a drive signal A 2 for the power amplifier 4.
  • the input signals E 1 and E 2 are each fed to two phase shifters 6, 9 and 11, 14, respectively, which generate the phase shifts ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 .
  • the phase-shifted input signals E 1 and E 2 are then evaluated with the coefficients K 1 and K 2 , which act as weight factors, and then added "crosswise" - resulting in the control signals A 1 and A 2 .
  • the control signals A 1 and A 2 are supplied to the speakers 1 and 2.
  • a 1 and A 2 behave as follows depending on E 1 and E 2 , K 1 and K 2 , ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 :
  • a 1 K 1 ⁇ E 1 ( ⁇ 1 ) + K 2 ⁇ E 2 ( ⁇ 2 )
  • a 2 K 1 ⁇ E 2 ( ⁇ 1 ) + K 2 ⁇ E 1 ( ⁇ 2 )
  • phase shifts ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the preferred points for setting the azimuth of the main emission directions.
  • two further loudspeakers 18 and 19 are provided in addition to the loudspeakers 1 and 2 in connection with the signal conditioning device 5 from FIG. These are driven directly by the input signals E 1 and E 2 , the input signal E 1 forming the left channel L and the input signal E 2 forming the right channel R of a stereophonic signal.
  • the other loudspeakers 18 and 19 are arranged on the left and right of the loudspeakers 1 and 2 in such a way that the lobes 20, 21 of the main emission directions are directed inwards towards the loudspeakers 1 and 2.
  • the lobes 16 and 17 of the loudspeakers 1 and 2 are directed more towards the outside and away from each other.
  • speakers 18 and 19 can be installed in a suitable manner to produce the desired radiation pattern.
  • Figure 2 can be modified as shown in Figure 3.
  • the speakers 18 and 19 becomes a signal processing device 24, for example, like the signal processing device 5 is built upstream and the radiation characteristics adjusted so that the clubs 20 and 21 are directed more inwards are.
  • the arrangement can ultimately be able to adapt individually according to FIG. 3 in accordance with FIG. 4, that speakers 1 and 2 or 18 and 19 in pairs be arranged side by side.
  • speakers 1 and 2 or 18 and 19 in pairs be arranged side by side.
  • the lobes 20 and 21 and 16 and 17 are inclined towards each other.

Abstract

Loudspeakers in general, and including those used in audio equipment e.g. for application in motor vehicles, suffer from the shortcoming of not being able to intrinsically vary their acoustic radiation characteristic, and any change obtained is at the cost of changing the position of the loudspeaker, or incorporating some sort of aid, such as acoustic reflectors, a signal summation stage etc. To change the loudspeaker acoustic emission characteristic more easily, the acoustic radiation characteristic of two loudspeakers (1,2) is made dependent of the evaluation (weighting) of the input signals (E1,E2).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Beschallungseinrichtung mit vier Lautsprechern.The invention relates to a sound system with four Speakers.

Jeder Lautsprecher hat eine im wesentlichen unveränderbare Abstrahlcharakteristik. Beim Einsatz von Lautsprechern in Beschallungsanlagen kann deren Abstrahlcharakteristik nur durch eine geeignete Anordnung der Lautsprecher im Raum und/oder durch zusätzliche mechanische Hilfsmittel wie beispielsweise akustische Reflektoren oder akustische Linsen in geringem Umfang beeinflußt werden. Eine besondere Herausforderung stellen dabei Beschallungsanlagen in Kraftfahrzeugen dar, da zum einen die Orte für die Anbringung der Lautsprecher in der Regel nicht frei wählbar sind und zum anderen das Platzangebot für zusätzliche mechanische Hilfsmittel nicht ausreicht. Darüber hinaus ist der zu beschallende Raum meistens relativ klein, so daß beispielsweise bei stereophoner Beschallung eine ausreichende Kanaltrennung insbesondere bei mehreren Zuhörern häufig nicht ausreichend ist.Each speaker has an essentially unchangeable one Radiation pattern. When using loudspeakers in public address systems can only be characterized by their radiation characteristics a suitable arrangement of the speakers in the room and / or through additional mechanical aids such as acoustic reflectors or acoustic lenses to a small extent to be influenced. A special challenge PA systems in motor vehicles, since usually the locations for attaching the speakers are not freely selectable and secondly the space available not sufficient for additional mechanical aids. About that in addition, the room to be sounded is usually relative small, so that for example in stereophonic sound adequate channel separation, especially with multiple listeners is often not sufficient.

In der JP 07-046 698 A ist eine Schaltungsanordnung dargestellt mit einem linken und einem rechten Tonsignalkanal, von denen jeder eine Summierstufe aufweist, in der dem ursprünglichen Tonkanalsignal jeweils ein phasenverschobener und in der Amplitude veränderter Anteil des Tonsignals aus dem Gegenkanals zugemischt wird (Überkreuzkopplung).JP 07-046 698 A shows a circuit arrangement with a left and a right audio signal channel, from each of which has a summation level in which the original Sound channel signal one phase shifted and in the amplitude of the proportion of the audio signal from the opposite channel is mixed in (cross coupling).

Die JP 06-315 198 A zeigt eine ähnliche Schaltung, bei der zusätzlich eine Steuereinrichtung zum Einstellen der Verstärker und der Phasenschieber in den Überkreuzkopplungszweigen vorgesehen ist. Auch sind hier Lautsprecher an den Ausgängen der Schaltung dargestellt. Die JP 06-315 198 A zeigt damit eine Vorrichtung, bei der jeweils Summen aus in Amplitude und Phase unterschiedlich bewerteten Eingangssignalen gebildet werden.JP 06-315 198 A shows a similar circuit in which additionally a control device for setting the amplifier and the phase shifter in the cross coupling branches is provided. There are also loudspeakers at the outputs the circuit shown. JP 06-315 198 A thus shows a device in which sums of amplitude and Phase different input signals formed become.

Die JP 04-337 999 A offenbart eine Anordnung mit mehreren Lautsprechern, die über Phasenschieber angesteuert werden, mittels derer die Abstrahlrichtung der Lautsprecher verändert werden kann.JP 04-337 999 A discloses an arrangement with several Loudspeakers, which are controlled by phase shifters, by means of which the direction of radiation of the loudspeakers is changed can be.

In der US 5 305 386 A, insbesondere Figur 4(2) ist eine Schaltung mit Überkreuzkopplungszweigen dargestellt, in denen Dämpfungsglieder und Phasenschieber enthalten sind. Dieser Schaltungsteil ist in einer Gesamtschaltung zum Ausweiten und Steuern von Klangbildern ("Schallfeldern") enthalten.In US 5 305 386 A, in particular Figure 4 (2) is a Circuit shown with cross-coupling branches in which Attenuators and phase shifters are included. This Circuit part is in an overall circuit for expanding and Control of sound images ("sound fields") included.

Auch der Gegenstand der WO 97 30 466 A1 zielt darauf ab, virtuelle Schallquellen an vorgegebenen Orten abzubilden. Gleichzeitig ist der von den Lautsprechern eingeschlossene Abstrahlwinkel (z.B. 10 Grad) berücksichtigt. Hierzu sind sowohl in den Hauptzweigen als auch in den Kreuzkopplungszweigen Filterschaltungen H1(z) bzw. H2(z) vorgesehen, die Phasenverschiebungen bewirken.The object of WO 97 30 466 A1 also aims to map virtual sound sources at predetermined locations. At the same time, the beam angle (e.g. 10 degrees) included by the speakers is taken into account. For this purpose, filter circuits H 1 (z) and H 2 (z) are provided both in the main branches and in the cross-coupling branches, which cause phase shifts.

Schließlich ist aus der JP 02-241 296 A eine Anordnung mit vier Lautsprechern bekannt, die in einem Auto frontal vor dem Fahrer und dem Beifahrer angeordnet sind und so betrieben werden, dass beide ein brauchbares Stereo-Klangbild wahrnehmen können. Bei dieser Anordnung sind allerdings keine Phasenschieber und keine Überkreuzkopplungen vorgesehen.Finally, from JP 02-241 296 A is an arrangement with four speakers known in the front of a car Driver and the front passenger are arranged and operated that both perceive a usable stereo sound image can. However, there are no phase shifters in this arrangement and no cross coupling is provided.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Beschallungseinrichtung anzugeben, deren Abstrahlcharakteristik ohne Lageänderung der Lautsprecher und ohne zusätzliche mechanische Hilfsmittel veränderbar ist. The object of the invention is therefore a public address system specify their radiation characteristics without changing their position the speaker and without additional mechanical aids is changeable.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Beschallungseinrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 1. Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des Erfindungsgedankens sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.The task is solved by a sound system According to claim 1. Refinements and developments of the inventive concept are the subject of dependent claims.

Vorteil der Erfindung ist, daß die Abstrahlcharakteristik auf elektronischem Wege veränderbar ist und daher die dazu notwendige Vorrichtung einen relativ kleinen Platzbedarf hat, nicht in der Nähe der Lautsprecher angeordnet werden muß und leicht in Großserie herstellbar ist.The advantage of the invention is that the radiation characteristic is based on is electronically changeable and therefore the necessary Device has a relatively small space requirement, must not be placed near the speakers and is easy to manufacture in large series.

Erreicht wird dies im einzelnen durch eine Beschallungsvorrichtung mit vier Lautsprechern und mindestens einer zwei Lautsprecher vorgeschalteten, durch zwei Eingangssignale angesteuerten Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung zum Erzeugen von Ansteuersignalen für die jeweiligen zwei Lautsprecher, wobei die Ansteuersignale jeweils gleich der Summe über die in Amplitude und Phase jeweils unterschiedlich bewerteten Eingangssignale sind derart, daß die Abstrahlcharakteristik der jeweiligen zwei Lautsprecher von der Bewertung der Eingangssignale abhängt. Die Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung kann in analoger und/oder in digitaler Schaltungstechnik gleichermaßen realisiert werden. Durch Verändern der Phasen und/oder Dämpfungen/Verstärkungen kann somit die gewünschte Abstrahlcharakteristik eingestellt werden.This is achieved in detail by a sound system with four speakers and at least one two Upstream speakers, controlled by two input signals Signal processing device for generating Control signals for the respective two speakers, where the control signals are equal to the sum of the amplitude and phase of input signals evaluated differently are such that the radiation characteristics of each two speakers from the evaluation of the input signals depends. The signal processing device can be in analog and / or equally in digital circuit technology will be realized. By changing the phases and / or Damping / reinforcements can thus be the desired Radiation pattern can be set.

Bevorzugt weist die Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung zwei Addierer auf, denen jeweils unter Zwischenschaltung eines ersten Phasenschiebers und eines ersten Koeffizientenglieds jeweils eines der Eingangssignale und unter Zwischenschaltung eines zweiten Phasenschiebers und eines zweiten Koeffizientenglieds das jeweils andere Eingangssignal zugeführt wird. Damit wird mit geringem Aufwand die getrennte Einstellung aller Phasen und Amplituden ermöglicht. The signal processing device preferably has two adders on which each with the interposition of a first Phase shifter and a first coefficient element each one of the input signals and with interposition a second phase shifter and a second coefficient element the other input signal is fed. This makes it easy to set everyone separately Phases and amplitudes.

Insbesondere bei stereophonen Eingangssignalen erzeugen dabei bevorzugt die ersten und zweiten Phasenschieber jeweils gleiche Phasenverschiebungen und die ersten und zweiten Koeffizientenglieder jeweils gleiche Dämpfungen/Verstärkungen.Generate in particular with stereophonic input signals preferably the first and second phase shifters are the same in each case Phase shifts and the first and second coefficient terms same damping / reinforcement.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden Phasenschieber verwendet, die frequenzunabhängige Phasenverschiebungen erzeugen. Als Phasenschieber kommen dabei insbsondere sogenannte Hilbert-Transformatoren zum Einsatz, die eine frequenzunabhängige Phasenverschiebung von 90 Grad erzeugen. Bevorzugt sind die Phasenverschiebungen jedoch veränderbar. Das um 90 Grad phasenverschobene Signal kann dazu mit dem ursprünglichen Sig-nal in geeigneter Weise gemischt werden, um ein Sig-nal von beliebiger Phasenverschiebung bei konstanter Amplitude zu erhalten. Dadurch wird ein einfaches Einstellen der Phasenverschiebung erreicht, ohne daß der Frequenzgang des einzelnen Lautsprechers durch das Ansteuersignal selbst verändert wird. Es können aber auch Phasenschieber verwendet werden, die zumindest nur in einem bestimmten Frequenzbereich eine frequenz-unabhängige Phasenverschiebung bewirken, wobei die Frequenzverschiebung in den anderen Frequenzbereichen toleriert wird. Davon abgesehen kann in bestimmten Fällen aber auch eine bestimmte Frequenzabhängigkeit des Ansteuersignals erwünscht sein, wenn dabei zum Beispiel Defizite im Frequenzgang des Lautsprechers kompensiert werden können. Als Phasenschieber kommen dabei entsprechend ausgelegte analoge und/oder digitale Filter zum Einsatz.In a development of the invention, phase shifters used that generate frequency-independent phase shifts. So-called in particular come as phase shifters Hilbert transformers are used, which are frequency-independent Generate a 90 degree phase shift. Prefers however, the phase shifts can be changed. That around 90 Degrees phase-shifted signal can do this with the original Sig-nal be mixed appropriately to form a sig-nal of any phase shift with constant amplitude to obtain. This makes it easy to set the Phase shift reached without the frequency response of the individual loudspeaker changed by the control signal itself becomes. However, phase shifters can also be used be at least only in a certain frequency range cause a frequency-independent phase shift, where tolerates the frequency shift in the other frequency ranges becomes. That being said, in certain cases also a certain frequency dependence of the control signal be desirable if, for example, deficits in the frequency response of the speaker can be compensated. As a phase shifter come analogue designed accordingly and / or digital filters are used.

Bei einer anderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die beiden Lautsprecher zwischen den zwei anderen Lautsprechern angeordnet, wobei die Hauptabstrahlrichtungen der beiden einen Lautsprecher in bestimmtem Winkel zur Senkrechten von einander weg in Richtung der anderen Lautsprecher eingestellt sind. Bevorzugt befinden sich die Hauptabstrahlrichtungen der anderen Lautsprecher dabei in einem bestimmten Winkel zur Senkrechten in Richtung der einen Lautsprecher. Alternativ dazu können die einen zwei Lautsprecher aber auch neben den zwei anderen Lautsprechern angeordnet sein, wobei die Hauptabstrahlrichtungen der beiden einen Lautsprecher und der beiden anderen Lautsprecher in einem bestimmten Winkel zur Senkrechten in Richtung jeweils zueinander eingestellt sind. Damit läßt sich beispielsweise für zwei Hörer jeweils eine optimale Anpassung erzielen.In another development of the invention, the two are Speakers placed between the other two speakers, the main emission directions of the two a speaker at a certain angle to the perpendicular from each other are set away towards the other speakers. The main emission directions of the others are preferably located Speakers at a certain angle to the vertical towards the one speaker. Alternatively you can use two speakers but also next to the two other speakers may be arranged, the main emission directions the two a speaker and the two other speakers at a certain angle to the vertical are set towards each other. In order to can be, for example, an optimal one for two listeners Get adjustment.

Schließlich kann den anderen Lautsprechern ebenfalls eine (weitere) Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung vorgeschaltet werden, um auch bei den anderen Lautsprechern eine einfache Einstellung der Abstrahlcharakteristik zu ermöglichen.Finally, the other speakers can also be one (further) signal processing device are connected upstream, to make it easy to set the other speakers too to allow the radiation pattern.

Der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der in den Figuren der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
eine Ausführungsform einer Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung für eine erfindungsgemäße Beschallungseinrichtung,
Figur 2
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Beschallungseinrichtung,
Figur 3
eine Alternative zur Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 und
Figur 4
eine weitere Alternative zur Ausführungsform nach Figur 2.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures of the drawing. It shows:
Figure 1
one embodiment of a signal processing device for a public address device according to the invention,
Figure 2
a preferred embodiment of a sound system according to the invention,
Figure 3
an alternative to the embodiment of Figure 2 and
Figure 4
a further alternative to the embodiment according to FIG. 2.

Bei der beispielhaften Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung 5 nach Figur 1 werden zwei Lautsprecher 1 und 2 jeweils durch eines von zwei stereophonen Eingangssignalen E1, E2 unter Zwischenschaltung jeweils eines Leistungsverstärkers 3, 4 angesteuert. Den Leistungsverstärkern 3, 4 ist eine Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung 5 vorgeschaltet, der die Eingangssignale E1 und E2 zugeführt werden. In der Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung 5 wird das Eingangssignal E1 über einen Phasenschieber 6 mit einer frequenzunabhängigen Phasenverschiebung ϕ1 und über ein Koeffizientenglied 7 mit einem eine Dämpfung oder Verstärkung repräsentierenden Koeffizienten K1 einem Addierer 8 zugeführt. Außerdem erhält der Addierer 8 unter Zwischenschaltung eines Phasenschiebers 9 mit einer frequenzunabhängigen Phasenverschiebung ϕ2 und eines Koeffizientenglieds 10 mit einer eine Dämpfung oder Verstärkung repräsentierenden Koeffizienten K2 das Eingangssignal E2. Der Addierer 8 erzeugt daraus ein Ansteuersignal A1 für den Leistungsverstärker 3. In analoger Weise wird das Eingangssignal E2 über einen Phasenschieber 11 mit der frequenzunabhängigen Phasenverschiebung ϕ1 und über ein Koeffizientenglied 12 mit dem Koeffizienten K1 einem Addierer 13 zugeführt. Der Addierer 13 erhält zudem unter Zwischenschaltung eines Phasenschiebers 14 mit der frequenzunabhängigen Phasenverschiebung ϕ2 und eines Koeffizientenglieds 10 mit dem Koeffizienten K2 das Eingangssignal E1 und erzeugt daraus ein Ansteuersignal A2 für den Leistungsverstärker 4.In the exemplary signal processing device 5 according to FIG. 1, two loudspeakers 1 and 2 are each controlled by one of two stereophonic input signals E1, E2 with the interposition of a power amplifier 3, 4 in each case. A signal conditioning device 5 is connected upstream of the power amplifiers 3, 4, to which the input signals E 1 and E2 are supplied. In the signal conditioning device 5, the input signal E 1 is fed to an adder 8 via a phase shifter 6 with a frequency-independent phase shift ϕ 1 and via a coefficient element 7 with a coefficient K 1 representing a damping or amplification. In addition, the adder 8 receives the input signal E 2 with the interposition of a phase shifter 9 with a frequency-independent phase shift ϕ 2 and a coefficient element 10 with a coefficient K 2 representing a damping or amplification. The adder 8 uses this to generate a drive signal A 1 for the power amplifier 3. In an analogous manner, the input signal E 2 is fed to an adder 13 via a phase shifter 11 with the frequency-independent phase shift ϕ 1 and via a coefficient element 12 with the coefficient K 1 . The adder 13 also receives the input signal E 1 with the interposition of a phase shifter 14 with the frequency-independent phase shift ϕ 2 and a coefficient element 10 with the coefficient K 2 and generates a drive signal A 2 for the power amplifier 4.

Die Eingangssignale E1 und E2 werden also jeweils zwei Phasenschiebern 6, 9 bzw. 11, 14 zugeführt, die die Phasenverschiebungen ϕ1 und ϕ2 erzeugen. Danach werden die phasenverschobenen Eingangssignale E1 und E2 mit den als Gewichtsfaktoren fungierenden Koeffizienten K1 und K2 bewertet und anschließend "über Kreuz" - die Ansteuersignale A1 und A2 ergebend - addiert. Nach Verstärkung werden die Ansteuersignale A1 und A2 den Lautsprechern 1 und 2 zugeführt. Formal ausgedrückt verhalten sich A1 und A2 in Abhängigkeit von E1 und E2, K1 und K2, ϕ1 und ϕ2 wie folgt: A1 = K1·E1(ϕ1) + K2·E2(ϕ2) A2 = K1·E2(ϕ1) + K2·E1(ϕ2) The input signals E 1 and E 2 are each fed to two phase shifters 6, 9 and 11, 14, respectively, which generate the phase shifts ϕ 1 and ϕ 2 . The phase-shifted input signals E 1 and E 2 are then evaluated with the coefficients K 1 and K 2 , which act as weight factors, and then added "crosswise" - resulting in the control signals A 1 and A 2 . After amplification, the control signals A 1 and A 2 are supplied to the speakers 1 and 2. FIG. Expressed formally, A 1 and A 2 behave as follows depending on E 1 and E 2 , K 1 and K 2 , ϕ 1 and ϕ 2 : A 1 = K 1 · E 1 (ϕ 1 ) + K 2 · E 2 (ϕ 2 ) A 2 = K 1 · E 2 (ϕ 1 ) + K 2 · E 1 (ϕ 2 )

Aufgrund der Phasenbedingung der beiden Ansteuersignale A1 und A2, der Entfernung der Lautsprecher 1 und 2 zueinander sowie der Entfernung des Hörers zu den Lautsprechern 1 und 2 tritt nun eine Verschiebung der Hauptstrahlrichtung auf, die in Figur 1 durch zwei Keulen 16 und 17 dargestellt ist. Da bereits einige die Hauptabstrahlrichtung bestimmende Parameter wie beispielsweise der durch den festen Einbau der Lautsprecher 1 und 2 in ein Fahrzeug vorgegebene Abstand beider sowie einen durch eine annähernd feste Position des Hörers gegebenen festen Abstand des Hörers zu den Lautsprechern 1 und 2 sind bei einer vorausgesetzten konstanten Lautstärke in der Regel die Phasenverschiebungen ϕ1 und ϕ2 die bevorzugten Punkte zur Einstellung des Azimuts der Hauptabstrahlrichtungen.Due to the phase condition of the two control signals A 1 and A 2 , the distance of the loudspeakers 1 and 2 from one another and the distance of the listener from the loudspeakers 1 and 2, a shift in the main beam direction now occurs, which is represented in FIG. 1 by two lobes 16 and 17 is. Since some of the parameters determining the main emission direction, such as the distance between the two given by the fixed installation of the loudspeakers 1 and 2 in a vehicle and a fixed distance between the listener and the loudspeakers 1 and 2 given by an approximately fixed position of the listener, are at a presupposed constant Volume usually the phase shifts ϕ 1 and ϕ 2 are the preferred points for setting the azimuth of the main emission directions.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2 sind außer den Lautsprechern 1 und 2 in Verbindung mit der Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung 5 aus Figur 1 zwei weitere Lautsprecher 18 und 19 vorgesehen. Diese werden direkt durch die Eingangssignale E1 und E2 angesteuert, wobei das Eingangssignal E1 den linken Kanal L und das Eingangssignal E2 den rechten Kanal R eines stereophonen Signals bildet. Die weiteren Lautsprecher 18 und 19 sind dabei links bzw. rechts von den Lautsprechern 1 und 2 angeordnet und zwar derart, daß die Keulen 20, 21 der Hauptabstrahlrichtungen nach innen zu den Lautsprechern 1 und 2 hin gerichtet sind. Die Keulen 16 und 17 der Lautsprecher 1 und 2 sind dabei mehr nach außen, voneinander weg gerichtet. Damit ergibt sich für zwei Hörer 22 und 23 jeweils ein ungestörter Stereoeindruck, da die Lautsprecher 2 und 18 den linken Kanal L und die Lautsprecher 1 und 19 den rechten Kanal wiedergeben, wobei die Lautsprecher 1 und 18 den Hörer 22 und die Lautsprecher 2 und 19 den Hörer 23 beschallen. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel wird davon ausgegangen, daß die Lautsprecher 18 und 19 in geeigneter Weise zur Erzeugung der gewünschten Abstrahlcharakteristik eingebaut werden können.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, two further loudspeakers 18 and 19 are provided in addition to the loudspeakers 1 and 2 in connection with the signal conditioning device 5 from FIG. These are driven directly by the input signals E 1 and E 2 , the input signal E 1 forming the left channel L and the input signal E 2 forming the right channel R of a stereophonic signal. The other loudspeakers 18 and 19 are arranged on the left and right of the loudspeakers 1 and 2 in such a way that the lobes 20, 21 of the main emission directions are directed inwards towards the loudspeakers 1 and 2. The lobes 16 and 17 of the loudspeakers 1 and 2 are directed more towards the outside and away from each other. This results in an undisturbed stereo impression for two listeners 22 and 23, since speakers 2 and 18 reproduce left channel L and speakers 1 and 19 reproduce the right channel, speakers 1 and 18 listening to listener 22 and speakers 2 and 19 sound the listener 23. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the speakers 18 and 19 can be installed in a suitable manner to produce the desired radiation pattern.

Ist dies jedoch nicht möglich, dann kann die Anordnung nach Figur 2 wie in Figur 3 gezeigt abgeändert werden. Den Lautsprechern 18 und 19 wird eine Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung 24, die beispielsweise wie die Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung 5 aufgebaut ist, vorgeschaltet und die Abstrahlcharakteristik so eingestellt, daß die Keulen 20 und 21 mehr nach innen gerichtet sind.However, if this is not possible, the arrangement can be changed Figure 2 can be modified as shown in Figure 3. The speakers 18 and 19 becomes a signal processing device 24, for example, like the signal processing device 5 is built upstream and the radiation characteristics adjusted so that the clubs 20 and 21 are directed more inwards are.

Um darüber hinaus die Abstrahlcharakteristik an jeden Hörer individuell anpassen zu können, kann schließlich die Anordnung nach Figur 3 gemäß Figur 4 dahingehend abgeändert werden, daß die Lautsprecher 1 und 2 bzw. 18 und 19 paarweise nebeneinander angeordnet werden. In diesem Fall beschallen die Lautsprecher 1 und 2 den Hörer 23 und die Lautsprecher 18 und 19 den Hörer 22. Die Keulen 20 und 21 bzw. 16 und 17 sind dabei jeweils einander zugeneigt.In addition, the radiation characteristics to each listener The arrangement can ultimately be able to adapt individually according to FIG. 3 in accordance with FIG. 4, that speakers 1 and 2 or 18 and 19 in pairs be arranged side by side. In this case, sonicate the loudspeakers 1 and 2 the receiver 23 and the loudspeakers 18 and 19 the receiver 22. The lobes 20 and 21 and 16 and 17 are inclined towards each other.

Claims (9)

Beschallungsvorrichtung mit vier Lautsprechern (1, 2) und mindestens einer zwei Lautsprechern (1, 2) vorgeschalteten, durch zwei Eingangssignale (E1, E2) angesteuerten Sinalaufbereitungseinrichtung (5) zum Erzeugen von Ansteuersignalen (A1, A2) für die (jeweiligen) zwei Lautsprecher (1, 2), welche jeweils gleich der Summe über die in Amplitude und Phase jeweils unterschiedlich bewerteten Eingangssignale (E1, E2) sind derart, daß die Abstrahlcharakteristik der (jeweiligen) zwei Lautsprecher (1, 2) von der Bewertung der Eingangssignale (E1, E2) abhängt.Public address device with four loudspeakers (1, 2) and at least one upstream two-loudspeaker processing device (5), which is controlled by two input signals (E 1 , E 2 ), for generating control signals (A 1 , A 2 ) for the ( respective) two loudspeakers (1, 2), each of which is equal to the sum of the input signals (E 1 , E 2 ) evaluated differently in terms of amplitude and phase, such that the radiation characteristic of the (respective) two loudspeakers (1, 2) from depends on the evaluation of the input signals (E 1 , E 2 ). Beschallungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung (5) zwei Addierer (8, 13) aufweist, denen jeweils unter Zwischenschaltung eines ersten Phasenschiebers (6, 11) und eines ersten Koeffizientenglieds (7, 12) jeweils eines der Eingangssignale (E1, E2) und unter Zwischenschaltung eines zweiten Phasenschiebers (9, 14) und eines zweiten Koeffizientenglieds (10, 15) das jeweils andere Eingangssignal (E1, E2) zugeführt wird.Public address device according to Claim 1, in which the signal processing device (5) has two adders (8, 13), each of which, with the interposition of a first phase shifter (6, 11) and a first coefficient element (7, 12), each one of the input signals (E 1 , E 2 ) and with the interposition of a second phase shifter (9, 14) and a second coefficient element (10, 15) the respective other input signal (E 1 , E 2 ) is supplied. Beschallungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, bei der die ersten und zweiten Phasenschieber (6, 11; 9, 14) jeweils gleiche Phasenverschiebungen (ϕ1, ϕ2) und die ersten und zweiten Koeffizientenglieder (7, 12; 10, 15) jeweils gleiche Dämpfungen/Verstärkungen (K1, K2) erzeugen.Public address device according to Claim 2, in which the first and second phase shifters (6, 11; 9, 14) each have the same phase shifts (ϕ 1 , ϕ 2 ) and the first and second coefficient elements (7, 12; 10, 15) each have the same attenuations / Generate reinforcements (K 1 , K 2 ). Beschallungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der die Phasenschieber (6, 11; 9, 14) frequnzunabhängige Phasenverschiebungen (ϕ1, ϕ2) erzeugen.Public address device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the phase shifters (6, 11; 9, 14) generate frequency-independent phase shifts (ϕ 1 , ϕ 2 ). Beschallungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei der die Phasenverschiebung (ϕ1, ϕ2) veränderbar ist. Public address device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the phase shift (ϕ 1 , ϕ 2 ) is variable. Beschallungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei der zwei der Lautsprecher (1, 2) zwischen den zwei anderen Lautsprechern (18, 19) angeordnet sind und die Hauptabstrahlrichtungen der beiden einen Lautsprecher (1, 2) in bestimmtem Winkel zur Senkrechten von einander weg in Richtung der anderen Lautsprecher (18, 19) eingestellt sind.Public address device according to one of claims 1 to 6, with the two of the speakers (1, 2) between the other two Speakers (18, 19) are arranged and the main emission directions of the two a loudspeaker (1, 2) in certain Angle to the perpendicular away from each other in the direction the other speakers (18, 19) are set. Beschallungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, bei der sich die Hauptabstrahlrichtungen der anderen Lautsprecher (18, 19) in bestimmtem Winkel zur Senkrechten in Richtung der einen Lautsprecher (1, 2) befinden.Public address device according to claim 6, in which the main emission directions of the other speakers (18, 19) at a certain angle to the vertical in the direction of one Speakers (1, 2). Beschallungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei der die einen zwei Lautsprecher (1, 2) neben den zwei anderen Lautsprechern (18, 19) angeordnet sind und die Hauptabstrahlrichtungen der beiden einen Lautsprecher (1, 2) und der beiden anderen Lautsprecher (18, 19) jeweils in einem bestimmten Winkel zur Senkrechten in Richtung zueinander eingestellt sind.Public address device according to one of claims 1 to 6, where one has two speakers (1, 2) next to the other two Speakers (18, 19) are arranged and the main emission directions of the two a loudspeaker (1, 2) and the two other speakers (18, 19) each in a specific Angle to the vertical set towards each other are. Beschallungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, 7 oder 8, bei der den anderen Lautsprechern (18, 19) eine weitere Signalaufbereitungseinrichtung (24) vorgeschaltet ist.Public address device according to claim 6, 7 or 8, the other speakers (18, 19) a further signal processing device (24) is connected upstream.
EP00124848A 1999-11-25 2000-11-14 Sounding device Expired - Lifetime EP1104221B1 (en)

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EP1104221A3 (en) 2005-06-08
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ATE505035T1 (en) 2011-04-15
DE19956690A1 (en) 2001-07-19
US7123724B1 (en) 2006-10-17

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