EP1013141B1 - Method and device for reproducing a stereophonic audiosignal - Google Patents

Method and device for reproducing a stereophonic audiosignal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1013141B1
EP1013141B1 EP98924041A EP98924041A EP1013141B1 EP 1013141 B1 EP1013141 B1 EP 1013141B1 EP 98924041 A EP98924041 A EP 98924041A EP 98924041 A EP98924041 A EP 98924041A EP 1013141 B1 EP1013141 B1 EP 1013141B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeakers
wavefronts
resultant
space
amplitude
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EP98924041A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1013141A1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Montag
Hermann HOLTMANNSPÖTTER
Ludwig Klapproth
Christian Vehorn
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/02—Spatial or constructional arrangements of loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for reproducing a stereophonic audio signal in a room, especially the Passenger cell of a motor vehicle, with several Positions in the room to play speakers acoustic signals are arranged and of an arrangement to this according to the genre of the independent claims.
  • surround effect is to be understood here that a located on the longitudinal axis mentioned Listeners have different signals from the left and right Speakers and thus a spatial Sound impression, but usually with a pronounced Inkoplocalmaschine receives what means nothing other than that the listener receives a spatial sound impression, however the sound sources are located as close to or in the head.
  • EP-A 0 559 530 discloses a filter arrangement for Processing of numerical audio signals to generate Hall or echo effects. For this, the ones to be given again Audio signals passed through filter banks, in which the original audio signal each time delayed portions of the audio signal with weight factors. The output signals of the recursive filters realized filter banks are left and one right audio channel fed.
  • the inventive method and the inventive Arrangement with the features of the independent claims have the advantage that within one extended listening zone within the room to be sounded, especially on both the driver and the Passenger side inside the passenger compartment Motor vehicle with an equally natural hearing impression the impression of a natural distance between the sound sources the reproduction of a stereophonic audio signal is.
  • the impression of a natural distance from the Sound sources correspond to the auditory impression of one Listener who actually sits in the concert hall and the Instruments located according to their actual position. For this it is also necessary that the impression of the listener is awakened, sound sources may also outside to locate the room to be sounded, which is achieved by means of the inventive method or the inventive Arrangement is made possible.
  • control for Control of the individual loudspeakers arranged in the room the signals for each speaker in terms Amplitude and phase processed.
  • the Control also within the room to be sonicated occurring reflections, or their influence on the natural stereo listening impression within the listening zone.
  • the basic idea underlying the invention consists in a natural auditory impression of one in a room reproduced stereophonic audio signal on a variety of positions within the room by allowing that at all these positions the audio signals for the left and the right stereo channel, provided that they have the same level have the same loudness.
  • This will achieved according to the invention in that a variety of Speakers either along a straight line or around the Are arranged around the room, the speakers being such can be controlled that the wavefronts of the Speakers emitted acoustic signals at least a first resulting wavefront for the left and a second resulting wavefront for the overlay the right channel of the stereophonic audio signal, and that the resulting wave fronts are in an auditory zone cross within the room.
  • the resulting Wavefronts represent lines of the same amplitude for the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal .
  • points at which the Audio signals for the left and right channels as the same be felt out loud so that at these points Stereo listening impression results.
  • loudspeakers in the passenger compartment 10 of the motor vehicle 1 to 7 along the sides of the vehicle and the dashboard arranged speakers 1 and 7 in the left and right rear Side panel, speakers 2 and 6 in the left and right front door trim, speakers 3 and 5 in the left and right corners of the dashboard and the Speaker 4 arranged in the middle of the dashboard is.
  • the audio signal for the right channel initially radiated from the right speaker 5, so that of the speaker 5 outgoing wavefront 85 in the Figure 1 already shown the furthest is advanced.
  • the staggered Control of the individual speakers using on and the same signal is in the present case by suitably dimensioned time delay elements realized.
  • the two resulting Wavefronts whose directions of propagation each have one first share in parallel and a second share each perpendicular to an imaginary axis through the have sonication space, the second part have opposite directions, they cross two resulting wave fronts within one as Designated wide area within the listening zone Passenger compartment of the motor vehicle. Since the two resulting wavefronts for constant amplitude locations represent the signal of the left and right channels, there is a natural stereo listening impression within the listening zone.
  • Each of the loudspeakers 1 to 7 is a summing element 31 to 37 upstream, each summing element 31 to 37 each a weighted and time-delayed audio signal for the left and right channels are fed. So everyone is Speakers 1 to 7 with signal components for the left and the right channel of the stereo signal is applied.
  • the Weighting of the signal components for the left and right Audio channel and thus the control of the amplitude of the individual speakers reproduced signal components is done by multipliers 41 to 47 and 51 to 57, which the signal components for the left and right Audio channel and further weight factors to theirs Influence are supplied.
  • To control the phase or the duration of that from the individual speakers radiated signals are off the multipliers chains Delay elements 11 to 17 for the left and 21 to 27 upstream for the right channel.
  • the operation of the arrangement shown in Figure 2 will be explained in more detail using the following example.
  • the loudspeakers 1 and 2 arranged in the side panels and 6 and 7 are at a distance 18 from each other present example 0.6 m that in the dashboard arranged speakers 3, 4 and 5 to each other a distance 28 of 0.4 m.
  • a resulting wavefront 80 for the right channel that diagonally progresses from the front right to the rear left corner of the passenger compartment, and further a resulting wavefront for the left channel that propagates from the front left to the rear right corner of the passenger compartment has been created
  • the values for the delay elements 21 to 27 for the right channel and 11 to 17 for the left channel, and the weighting factors supplied to the multipliers 41 to 47 for the right channel and 51 to 57 for the left channel are determined as follows.
  • the weighting factors for influencing the amplitude of the audio signals emitted by the individual loudspeakers were chosen as follows. 41, 57 0.1 42, 56 0.2 43, 55 0.5 44, 54 0.5 45, 53 0.5 46, 52 0.2 47, 51 0.1
  • the signal R for the right channel initially after a first time delay 21 of 20 * r a with weighting in the multiplier 55 by a factor of 0.5 via the loudspeaker 5, after a time delay 26 of 25 * r a and Weighting in the multiplier 56 with the factor 0.2 via the loudspeaker 6, after a time delay 21 + 22 of (20 + 43) * r a and weighting with the factor 0.5 in the multiplier 54 via the loudspeaker 4, after one Delay 26 + 27 of (25 + 49) * r a and weighting 0.1 in multiplier 57 via loudspeaker 7, after a delay 21 + 22 + 23 of (20 + 43 + 43) * r a and weighting in multiplier 53 via loudspeaker 3, after delay in delay stages 21, 22, 23 and 24 by (20 + 43 + 43 + 68) * r a and weighting by 0.2 in multiplier 52 via loudspeaker 2 and finally after delay by ( 20 + 43 + 43 + 68 + 49 * r a in the delay
  • FIG 3 are a variety of possible locations for Loudspeaker according to the arrangement according to the invention shown.
  • speakers 1 to 7 already are arranged are suitable for accommodating further Speakers also the parcel shelf, in the present case with four speakers 91 to 94 and the outer areas of the Footwell for driver and front passenger to accommodate more Speakers 95 and 96.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of what is relevant to the invention Part of a car radio 100 as a playback device shown for stereophonic or multi-channel audio signals.
  • a digital signal processor 101 which controls, i.e. the time delay elements, the multipliers and the Contains adders of the arrangement shown in Figure 2, are L and R signals for the left and right audio channels, as well as possibly further signals for further audio channels fed.
  • the values for the delays of the Delay elements as well as the multipliers weight factors supplied are a memory 102 taken.
  • Stand at the output of the digital signal processor the signals for controlling the individual speakers 1 to 7, and possibly further speakers 91 to 96 ready after amplification in a low frequency amplifier 103 are fed to the speakers.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Stereophonic Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht von einem Verfahren zur Wiedergabe eines stereophonen Audiosignals in einem Raum, insbesondere der Fahrgastzelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs, wobei an mehreren Positionen in dem Raum Lautsprecher zur Wiedergabe von akustischen Signalen angeordnet sind und von einer Anordnung dazu nach der Gattung der unabhängigen Patentansprüche aus.The invention relates to a method for reproducing a stereophonic audio signal in a room, especially the Passenger cell of a motor vehicle, with several Positions in the room to play speakers acoustic signals are arranged and of an arrangement to this according to the genre of the independent claims.

Aus dem Prospekt "Programm '97 - Sound und Fahrvergnügen pur. Mobile Kommunikation von Blaupunkt." der Firma Blaupunkt sind Wiedergabevorrichtungen für Audiosignale in Form von Autoradios bekannt, an die vier Lautsprecher zur Wiedergabe eines Audiosignals anschließbar sind, wobei beispielsweise ein erster Lautsprecher in der Türverkleidung der Fahrertür, ein zweiter Lautsprecher in der Türverkleidung der Beifahrertür und ein dritter und ein vierter Lautsprecher links und rechts in der Hutablage angeordnet sind. Mittels eines Balance-Stellers sind die Pegel der wiedergebenen Audiosignale für den linken und den rechten Stereo-Kanal so aufeinander abstimmbar, daß sich beispielsweise für den Fahrzeugführer ein natürlicher Stereo-Höreindruck ergibt. From the brochure "Program '97 - Sound and driving pleasure pure. Mobile communication from Blaupunkt. "The company Blaupunkt are playback devices for audio signals in Form of car radios known to the four speakers Playback of an audio signal can be connected, wherein for example a first loudspeaker in the door trim the driver's door, a second speaker in the Front passenger door trim and a third and a fourth loudspeaker left and right in the parcel shelf are arranged. Using a balance adjuster, they are Level of the reproduced audio signals for the left and the right stereo channel can be tuned to each other so that a natural one for the driver, for example Stereo listening impression results.

Bei den bekannten Autoradios ist es somit möglich, einen Raumklangeffekt bei der Wiedergabe von stereophonen Audiosignalen entlang einer gedachten Längsachse durch die Fahrgastzelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs zu erzeugen, wobei diese Längsachse mittels des Balance-Stellers zwischen den beiden Fahrzeugseiten verschiebbar ist. Damit ist ein Raumklangeffekt beispielsweise auf der Fahrerseite eines Kraftfahrzeugs, nicht jedoch für die Fahrer- und die Beifahrerseite gleichermaßen erzeugbar.With the well-known car radios it is therefore possible to use one Surround effect when playing stereophonic Audio signals along an imaginary longitudinal axis through the To generate passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, this Longitudinal axis using the balance adjuster between the two Vehicle sides is displaceable. So that's a Surround sound effect, for example on the driver's side Motor vehicle, but not for the driver and Passenger side can be generated equally.

Unter dem Begriff Raumklangeffekt ist dabei zu verstehen, daß ein sich auf der erwähnten Längsachse befindender Zuhöhrer unterschiedliche Signale von den linken und rechten Lautsprechern aufnimmt und somit einen räumlichen Klangeindruck, allerdings in der Regel mit ausgeprägter Inkopflokalisation erhält, was nichts anderes heißt, als daß der Zuhörer zwar einen Raumklangeindruck erhält, allerdings die Schallquellen als nahe am oder im Köpf befindlich ortet.The term surround effect is to be understood here that a located on the longitudinal axis mentioned Listeners have different signals from the left and right Speakers and thus a spatial Sound impression, but usually with a pronounced Inkoplocalisierung receives what means nothing other than that the listener receives a spatial sound impression, however the sound sources are located as close to or in the head.

Somit ist es mit bekannten Autoradios weder möglich, einen natürlichen Stereo-Höreindruck bei der Wiedergabe stereophoner Audiosignale in einem Kraftfahrzeug, noch einen ausgewogenen Raumklangeffekt für Fahrer- und Beifahrerseite in einem Kraftfahrzeug gleichermaßen zu erzeugen.So it is neither possible with known car radios, one natural stereo listening impression during playback stereophonic audio signals in a motor vehicle, another balanced surround sound effect for driver and front passenger to produce in a motor vehicle equally.

EP-A 0 559 530 offenbart eine Filteranordnung zur Bearbeitung von numerischen Audiosignalen zur Erzeugung von Hall- bzw. Echoeffekten. Dazu werden die wieder zu gebenden Audiosignale über Filterbänke geleitet, in denen dem ursprünglichen Audiosignal jeweils zeitverzögerte Anteile des Audiosignals mit Gewichtsfaktoren zugeschlagen werden. Die Ausgangssignale der in Form rekursiver Filter realisierten Filterbänke werden einem linken und einem rechten Audiokanal zugeführt. EP-A 0 559 530 discloses a filter arrangement for Processing of numerical audio signals to generate Hall or echo effects. For this, the ones to be given again Audio signals passed through filter banks, in which the original audio signal each time delayed portions of the audio signal with weight factors. The output signals of the recursive filters realized filter banks are left and one right audio channel fed.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche haben demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß innerhalb einer erweiterten Hörzone innerhalb des zu beschallenden Raumes, insbesondere sowohl auf der Fahrer- als auch der Beifahrerseite innerhalb der Fahrgastzelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs ein gleichermaßen natürlicher Höreindruck mit dem Eindruck einer natürlichen Distanz der Schallquellen bei der Wiedergabe eines stereophonen Audiosignals erzeugbar ist. Der Eindruck einer natürlichen Distanz der Schallquellen entspricht dabei dem Höreindruck eines Zuhörers, der tatsächlich im Konzertsaal sitzt und die Instrumente entsprechend ihrer tatsächlichen Position ortet. Dazu ist es auch erforderlich, daß beim Zuhörer der Eindruck erweckt wird, Schallquellen unter Umständen auch außerhalb des zu beschallenden Raumes zu orten, was mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ermöglicht wird.The inventive method and the inventive Arrangement with the features of the independent claims have the advantage that within one extended listening zone within the room to be sounded, especially on both the driver and the Passenger side inside the passenger compartment Motor vehicle with an equally natural hearing impression the impression of a natural distance between the sound sources the reproduction of a stereophonic audio signal is. The impression of a natural distance from the Sound sources correspond to the auditory impression of one Listener who actually sits in the concert hall and the Instruments located according to their actual position. For this it is also necessary that the impression of the listener is awakened, sound sources may also outside to locate the room to be sounded, which is achieved by means of the inventive method or the inventive Arrangement is made possible.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, daß sich die erweiterte Hörzone, für die sich ein natürlicher Stereo-Höreindruck ergibt, bei geeigneter Ansteuerung der in dem Raum angeordneten Lautsprecher den größten Teil des zu beschallenden Raumes, also beispielsweise auch die Rücksitzbank innerhalb des Kraftfahrzeugs umfaßt.It is particularly advantageous that the expanded Listening zone for which there is a natural stereo listening impression results in a suitable control of the in the room arranged speakers the majority of the sound-absorbing room, for example also the Back seat bench within the motor vehicle includes.

Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, daß die Ansteuerung zur Ansteuerung der einzelnen im Raum angeordneten Lautsprecher die Signale für jeden einzelnen Lautsprecher hinsichtlich Amplitude und Phase aufbereitet. Damit berücksichtigt die Ansteuerung auch die innerhalb des zu beschallenden Raumes auftretenden Reflexionen, bzw. deren Einfluß auf den natürlichen Stereo-Höreindruck innerhalb der Hörzone.It is also advantageous that the control for Control of the individual loudspeakers arranged in the room the signals for each speaker in terms Amplitude and phase processed. The Control also within the room to be sonicated occurring reflections, or their influence on the natural stereo listening impression within the listening zone.

Durch Verwendung digitalisierten Audiosignale und einer digitalen Signalverarbeitung, beispielsweise in Form eines digitalen Signalprozessors, ist eine leichte Realisierbarkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung bzw. des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gegeben.By using digitized audio signals and a digital signal processing, for example in the form of a digital signal processor, is an easy one Realizability of the arrangement according to the invention or the given method according to the invention.

Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, daß bei Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung bzw. des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einem Kraftfahrzeug die für die einzelnen Lautsprecher notwendigen Signalkorrekturen als Datensatz für verschiedene Fahrzeugtypen und damit verschieden gestaltete Fahrzeuginnenräume vorbereitet und bei der Endmontage des Fahrzeugs aktiviert werden können.It is also advantageous that when using the arrangement according to the invention or of the invention Procedure in a motor vehicle for the individual Speaker corrections necessary as a data record for different vehicle types and thus differently designed Vehicle interiors prepared and during the final assembly of the Vehicle can be activated.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung für das Wirkprinzip der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung bzw. des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens am Beispiel eines Kraftfahrzeuginnenraums,
  • Figur 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zum Einsatz in einem Kraftfahrzeug,
  • Figur 3 eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten zur Unterbringung von Lautsprechern in der Fahrgastzelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs und
  • Figur 4 ein Blockschaltbild des erfindungswesentlichen Teils eines erfindungsgemäßen Autoradios.
    • Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the description below. Show it
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the principle of operation of the arrangement according to the invention or of the method according to the invention using the example of a motor vehicle interior,
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for use in a motor vehicle,
  • Figure 3 shows a variety of ways to accommodate speakers in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle and
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of the essential part of an inventive car radio.

    • Beschreibung eines AusführungsbeispielsDescription of an embodiment

    Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Grundidee besteht darin, einen natürlichen Höreindruck eines in einem Raum wiedergegebenen stereophonen Audiosignals an einer Vielzahl von Positionen innerhalb des Raumes dadurch zu ermöglichen, daß an all diesen Positionen die Audiosignale für den linken und den rechten Stereokanal, sofern diese den gleichen Pegel aufweisen, als gleich laut empfunden werden. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß eine Vielzahl von Lautsprechern entweder entlang einer Geraden, oder um den Raum herum angeordnet sind, wobei die Lautsprecher derart angesteuert werden, daß sich die Wellenfronten der von den Lautsprechern abgestrahlten akustischen Signale zu mindestens einer ersten resultierenden Wellenfront für den linken und einer zweiten resultierenden Wellenfront für den rechten Kanal des stereophonen Audiosignals überlagern, und daß sich die resultierenden Wellenfronten in einer Hörzone innerhalb des Raumes kreuzen. Die resultierenden Wellenfronten stellen dabei Linien gleicher Amplitude für jeweils den linken und den rechten Kanal des Stereo-Audiosignals dar. Somit ergeben sich an allen Positionen innerhalb des Raumes, an denen sich die beiden resultierenden Wellenfronten kreuzen, Punkte an denen die Audiosignale für den linken und rechten Kanal als gleich laut empfunden werden, so daß sich an diesen Punkten ein Stereo-Höreindruck ergibt.The basic idea underlying the invention consists in a natural auditory impression of one in a room reproduced stereophonic audio signal on a variety of positions within the room by allowing that at all these positions the audio signals for the left and the right stereo channel, provided that they have the same level have the same loudness. this will achieved according to the invention in that a variety of Speakers either along a straight line or around the Are arranged around the room, the speakers being such can be controlled that the wavefronts of the Speakers emitted acoustic signals at least a first resulting wavefront for the left and a second resulting wavefront for the overlay the right channel of the stereophonic audio signal, and that the resulting wave fronts are in an auditory zone cross within the room. The resulting Wavefronts represent lines of the same amplitude for the left and right channels of the stereo audio signal . Thus arise at all positions inside the room where the two are cross the resulting wavefronts, points at which the Audio signals for the left and right channels as the same be felt out loud, so that at these points Stereo listening impression results.

    Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird im folgenden am Beispiel einer in der Fahrgastzelle 10 eines Kraftfahrzeugs angeordneten Lautsprecheranordnung anhand der Figur 1 beschrieben.The method according to the invention is described below using the example one in the passenger compartment 10 of a motor vehicle arranged loudspeaker arrangement with reference to FIG. 1 described.

    In der Fahrgastzelle 10 des Kraftfahrzeugs sind Lautsprecher 1 bis 7 entlang der Fahrzeugseiten und des Armaturenbretts angeordnet, wobei gemäß dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel die Lautsprecher 1 und 7 in der linken und rechten hinteren Seitenverkleidung, die Lautsprecher 2 und 6 in der linken und rechten vorderen Türverkleidung, die Lautsprecher 3 und 5 in der linken und rechten Ecke des Armaturenbretts und der Lautsprecher 4 in der Mitte des Armaturenbretts angeordnet ist.There are loudspeakers in the passenger compartment 10 of the motor vehicle 1 to 7 along the sides of the vehicle and the dashboard arranged, according to the present embodiment speakers 1 and 7 in the left and right rear Side panel, speakers 2 and 6 in the left and right front door trim, speakers 3 and 5 in the left and right corners of the dashboard and the Speaker 4 arranged in the middle of the dashboard is.

    Zur Erzeugung einer im vorliegenden Fall geraden resultierenden Wellenfront 80 für den rechten Kanal des Stereo-Audiosignals, die unter einem Winkel 88 von größer 0°, im vorliegenden Fall in der Größenordnung von 45° zur Querachse, beispielsweise dem Armaturenbrett des Kraftfahrzeugs, abgestrahlt wird, werden die Lautsprecher 3 bis 7 mit dem Audiosignal für den rechten Stereokanal unter Beeinflussung dessen Phase und Amplitude derart angesteuert, daß sich die von den einzelnen Lautsprechern 3 bis 7 abgestrahlten Wellenfronten 83 bis 87 zu der resultierenden Wellenfront 80 überlagern. Dazu wird, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, das Audiosignal für den rechten Kanal zunächst von dem rechten Lautsprecher 5 abgestrahlt, so daß die von dem Lautsprecher 5 ausgehende Wellenfront 85 zum in der Figur 1 dargestellten Zeitpunkt bereits am weitesten fortgeschritten ist. Mit einer vorgegebenen Zeitverzögerung werden dann der Lautsprecher 6, der Lautsprecher 4, der Lautsprecher 3 und der Lautsprecher 7 mit dem Audiosignal für den rechten Kanal beaufschlagt. Die zeitversetzte Ansteuerung der einzelnen Lautsprecher mittels ein- und desselben Signals wird dabei im vorliegenden Fall durch geeignet dimensionierte Zeitverzögerungsglieder realisiert.To create a straight in the present case resulting wavefront 80 for the right channel of the Stereo audio signal that is at an angle 88 of greater 0 °, in the present case on the order of 45 ° Transverse axis, for example the dashboard of the Motor vehicle is emitted, the speakers 3 to 7 with the audio signal for the right stereo channel below Influencing its phase and amplitude in such a way that from the individual speakers 3 to 7 radiated wavefronts 83 to 87 to the resulting Superimpose wavefront 80. For this, as in FIG. 1 shown, the audio signal for the right channel initially radiated from the right speaker 5, so that of the speaker 5 outgoing wavefront 85 in the Figure 1 already shown the furthest is advanced. With a given time delay then the speaker 6, the speaker 4, the Speaker 3 and speaker 7 with the audio signal applied to the right channel. The staggered Control of the individual speakers using on and the same signal is in the present case by suitably dimensioned time delay elements realized.

    Zur Erzeugung der resultierenden Wellenfront 80, die über ihren gesamten Verlauf eine konstante Signalamplitude aufweisen soll, wird bei der Abstrahlung des Audiosignals von den einzelnen Lautsprechern 3 bis 7 zusätzlich ein Amplitudenkorrekturfaktor berücksichtigt, der die bei zunehmender Entfernung der jeweiligen Wellenfront von dem Lautsprecher infolge der Freiraumdämpfung mit etwa dem Reziproken des Abstandes von dem jeweiligen Lautsprecher abnehmende Amplitude ausgleicht.To generate the resulting wavefront 80 that over their entire course a constant signal amplitude should have, is in the radiation of the audio signal from the individual speakers 3 to 7 Amplitude correction factor taken into account, which at increasing distance of the respective wavefront from that Speakers due to the free space attenuation with about that Reciprocal of the distance from the respective speaker compensates for decreasing amplitude.

    In analoger Weise werden im vorliegenden Beispiel zur Erzeugung einer resultierenden Wellenfront für den linken Kanal des Stereo-Audiosignals, die sich im vorliegenden Fall unter einem Winkel von beispielsweise 180°- 88, also entgegengesetzt diagonal zur resultierenden Wellenfront 80 für den rechten Kanal in der Fahrgastzelle des Kraftfahrzeugs ausbreitet, die Lautsprecher 1 bis 5 mit dem in Phase und Amplitude beeinflußten Audiosignal für den linken Stereo-Kanal beaufschlagt.In an analogous manner in the present example Generation of a resulting wavefront for the left Channel of the stereo audio signal, which in the present case at an angle of 180 ° - 88, for example diagonally opposite to the resulting wavefront 80 for the right channel in the passenger compartment of the Motor vehicle spreads the speakers 1 to 5 with the in phase and amplitude influenced audio signal for the left stereo channel applied.

    Infolge der Ausbreitung der zwei resultierenden Wellenfronten, deren Ausbreitungsrichtungen jeweils einen ersten Anteil parallel und jeweils einen zweiten Anteil senkrecht zu einer gedachten Achse durch den zu beschallenden Raum aufweisen, wobei die zweiten Anteile einander entgegengesetzte Richtungen haben, kreuzen sich die beiden resultierenden Wellenfronten innerhalb eines als Hörzone bezeichneten weiten Raumes innerhalb der Fahrgastzelle des Kraftfahrzeugs. Da die beiden resultierenden Wellenfronten Orte konstanter Amplitude für das Signal des linken und des rechten Kanals darstellen, ergibt sich innerhalb der Hörzone ein natürlicher Stereo-Höreindruck.As a result of the spread of the two resulting Wavefronts whose directions of propagation each have one first share in parallel and a second share each perpendicular to an imaginary axis through the have sonication space, the second part have opposite directions, they cross two resulting wave fronts within one as Designated wide area within the listening zone Passenger compartment of the motor vehicle. Since the two resulting wavefronts for constant amplitude locations represent the signal of the left and right channels, there is a natural stereo listening impression within the listening zone.

    Ein Beispiel für die Ansteuerung der Lautsprecher 1 bis 7 ist in Figur 2 dargestellt.An example for the control of speakers 1 to 7 is shown in Figure 2.

    Jedem der Lautsprecher 1 bis 7 ist ein Summierglied 31 bis 37 vorgeschaltet, wobei jedem Summierglied 31 bis 37 jeweils ein gewichtetes und zeitverzögertes Audiosignal für den linken und den rechten Kanal zugeführt sind. Somit sind alle Lautsprecher 1 bis 7 mit Signalanteilen für den linken und den rechten Kanal des Stereo-Signals beaufschlagt. Die Gewichtung der Signalanteile für den linken und den rechten Audiokanal und damit die Steuerung der Amplitude der von den einzelnen Lautsprechern wiedergegebenen Signalanteile erfolgt durch Multiplizierer 41 bis 47 und 51 bis 57, denen jeweils die Signalanteile für den linken und rechten Audiokanal und weiterhin Gewichtsfaktoren zu deren Beeinflussung zugeführt sind. Zur Steuerung der Phase bzw. der Laufzeit der von den einzelnen Lautsprechern abgestrahlten Signale sind den Multiplizierern Ketten aus Verzögerungsgliedern 11 bis 17 für den linken und 21 bis 27 für den rechten Kanal vorgeschaltet.Each of the loudspeakers 1 to 7 is a summing element 31 to 37 upstream, each summing element 31 to 37 each a weighted and time-delayed audio signal for the left and right channels are fed. So everyone is Speakers 1 to 7 with signal components for the left and the right channel of the stereo signal is applied. The Weighting of the signal components for the left and right Audio channel and thus the control of the amplitude of the individual speakers reproduced signal components is done by multipliers 41 to 47 and 51 to 57, which the signal components for the left and right Audio channel and further weight factors to theirs Influence are supplied. To control the phase or the duration of that from the individual speakers radiated signals are off the multipliers chains Delay elements 11 to 17 for the left and 21 to 27 upstream for the right channel.

    Die Funktionsweise der in Figur 2 dargestellten Anordnung soll am folgenden Beispiel näher erläutert werden. Die in den Seitenverkleidungen angeordneten Lautsprecher 1 und 2 sowie 6 und 7 weisen zueinander einen Abstand 18 von im vorliegenden Beispiel 0,6 m, die im Armaturenbrett angeordneten Lautsprecher 3, 4 und 5 zueinander jeweils einen Abstand 28 von 0,4 m auf. Weiterhin beträgt der Abstand 29 der in den Ecken des Armaturenbretts angeordneten Lautsprecher 3 und 5 zu den Seitenverkleidungen bzw. der Abstrahlfläche der in diesen angeordneten Lautsprecher 1 und 2 sowie 6 und 7 im vorliegenden Fall 0,3 m und der Abstand der in den Türverkleidungen angeordneten Lautsprecher 2 und 6 zum Armaturenbrett 0,45 m.The operation of the arrangement shown in Figure 2 will be explained in more detail using the following example. In the loudspeakers 1 and 2 arranged in the side panels and 6 and 7 are at a distance 18 from each other present example 0.6 m that in the dashboard arranged speakers 3, 4 and 5 to each other a distance 28 of 0.4 m. Furthermore, the Distance 29 arranged in the corners of the dashboard Speakers 3 and 5 to the side panels and the Radiation area of the loudspeakers 1 and 2 and 6 and 7 in the present case 0.3 m and the distance the speakers 2 and. arranged in the door panels 6 to the dashboard 0.45 m.

    Zur Erzeugung einer resultierenden Wellenfront 80 für den rechten Kanal, die diagonal von der vorderen rechten zur hinteren linken Ecke der Fahrgastzelle fortschreitet, und weiterhin einer resultierenden Wellenfront für den linken Kanal, die sich von der vorderen linken zur hinteren rechten Ecke der Fahrgastzelle ausbreitet, wurden beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel die Werte für die Verzögerungsglieder 21 bis 27 für den rechten und 11 bis 17 für den linken Kanal, sowie die den Multiplizierern 41 bis 47 für den rechten und 51 bis 57 für den linken Kanal zugeführten Gewichtsfaktoren folgendermaßen bestimmt. 21, 11 20 * ra, 22, 12 43 * ra, 23, 13 43 * ra, 24, 14 68 * ra, 25, 15 49 * ra, 26, 16 25 * ra, 27, 17 49 * ra mit der Abtastrate ra gleich dem Reziproken der Abtastfrequenz fa von im vorliegenden Fall 44,1 kHz.A resulting wavefront 80 for the right channel that diagonally progresses from the front right to the rear left corner of the passenger compartment, and further a resulting wavefront for the left channel that propagates from the front left to the rear right corner of the passenger compartment has been created In the present exemplary embodiment, the values for the delay elements 21 to 27 for the right channel and 11 to 17 for the left channel, and the weighting factors supplied to the multipliers 41 to 47 for the right channel and 51 to 57 for the left channel, are determined as follows. 21, 11 20 * r a , 22, 12 43 * r a , 23, 13 43 * r a , 24, 14 68 * r a , 25, 15 49 * r a , 26, 16 25 * r a , 27, 17 49 * r a with the sampling rate r a equal to the reciprocal of the sampling frequency f a of 44.1 kHz in the present case.

    Die Gewichtsfaktoren zur Beeinflussung der Amplitude der von den einzelnen Lautsprechern abgestrahlten Audiosignale wurden folgendermaßen gewählt. 41, 57 0,1 42, 56 0,2 43, 55 0,5 44, 54 0,5 45, 53 0,5 46, 52 0,2 47, 51 0,1 The weighting factors for influencing the amplitude of the audio signals emitted by the individual loudspeakers were chosen as follows. 41, 57 0.1 42, 56 0.2 43, 55 0.5 44, 54 0.5 45, 53 0.5 46, 52 0.2 47, 51 0.1

    Daraus ergibt sich, daß beispielsweise das Signal R für den rechten Kanal zunächst nach einer ersten Zeitverzögerung 21 von 20 * ra unter Gewichtung im Multiplizierer 55 mit dem Faktor 0,5 über den Lautsprecher 5, nach einer Zeitverzögerung 26 von 25 * ra und Gewichtung in dem Multiplizierer 56 mit dem Faktor 0,2 über den Lautsprecher 6, nach einer Zeitverzögerung 21 + 22 von (20 + 43) * ra und Gewichtung mit dem Faktor 0,5 in dem Multiplizierer 54 über den Lautsprecher 4, nach einer Verzögerung 26 + 27 von (25 + 49) * ra und Gewichtung mit 0,1 im Multiplizierer 57 über den Lautsprecher 7, nach einer Verzögerung 21 + 22 + 23 von (20 + 43 + 43) * ra und Gewichtung im Multiplizierer 53 über den Lautsprecher 3, nach Verzögerung in den Verzögerungsstufen 21, 22, 23 und 24 um (20 + 43 + 43 + 68) * ra und Gewichtung mit 0,2 im Multiplizierer 52 über den Lautsprecher 2 und schließlich nach Verzögerung um (20 + 43 + 43 + 68 + 49 * ra in den Verzögerungsstufen 21 bis 25 und Multiplikation mit 0,1 in dem Multiplizierer 51 über den Lautsprecher 1 wiedergegeben wird. In analoger Weise erfolgt auch die Wiedergabe des Signals für den linken Kanal.It follows that, for example, the signal R for the right channel initially after a first time delay 21 of 20 * r a with weighting in the multiplier 55 by a factor of 0.5 via the loudspeaker 5, after a time delay 26 of 25 * r a and Weighting in the multiplier 56 with the factor 0.2 via the loudspeaker 6, after a time delay 21 + 22 of (20 + 43) * r a and weighting with the factor 0.5 in the multiplier 54 via the loudspeaker 4, after one Delay 26 + 27 of (25 + 49) * r a and weighting 0.1 in multiplier 57 via loudspeaker 7, after a delay 21 + 22 + 23 of (20 + 43 + 43) * r a and weighting in multiplier 53 via loudspeaker 3, after delay in delay stages 21, 22, 23 and 24 by (20 + 43 + 43 + 68) * r a and weighting by 0.2 in multiplier 52 via loudspeaker 2 and finally after delay by ( 20 + 43 + 43 + 68 + 49 * r a in the delay stages 21 to 2 5 and multiplication by 0.1 is reproduced in the multiplier 51 via the loudspeaker 1. The signal for the left channel is also reproduced in an analogous manner.

    Es fällt auf, daß zur Erzeugung der resultierenden Wellenfront für den rechten Kanal, deren Ausbreitungsrichtung einen ersten Anteil entlang der Längsachse durch den Innenraum des Fahrzeugs und einen zweiten Anteil von der rechten zur linken Fahrzeugseite hin enthält auch, die auf der linken Fahrzeugseite angeordneten Lautsprecher 1 und 2 mit einem Anteil des Audiosignals R für den rechten Kanal beaufschlagt werden. Dieser durch die auf der linken Seite angeordneten Lautsprecher erzeugte Anteil an der resultierenden Wellenfront 80 für das Signal des rechten Kanals dient der Kompensation des Einflusses von Reflexionen, die die Ausbildung der ebenen resultierenden Wellenfront beinträchtigen.It is striking that to produce the resulting Right channel wavefront whose Direction of propagation a first portion along the Longitudinal axis through the interior of the vehicle and one second part from the right to the left side of the vehicle also contains those arranged on the left side of the vehicle Speakers 1 and 2 with a share of the audio signal R for the right channel. This through on the speaker arranged on the left-hand side on the resulting wavefront 80 for the signal of the right channel is used to compensate for the influence of Reflections that result in the formation of the planes Affect the wavefront.

    In Figur 3 sind eine Vielzahl von möglichen Einbauorten für Lautsprecher gemäß der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung dargestellt. Neben den Seitenverkleidungen und dem Armaturenbrett, wo bereits die Lautsprecher 1 bis 7 angeordnet sind, eignen sich zur Unterbringung weiterer Lautsprecher auch die Hutablage, im vorliegenden Fall mit vier Lautsprechern 91 bis 94 sowie die äußeren Bereiche der Fußräume von Fahrer und Beifahrer zur Unterbringung weiterer Lautsprecher 95 und 96.In Figure 3 are a variety of possible locations for Loudspeaker according to the arrangement according to the invention shown. In addition to the side panels and the Dashboard, where speakers 1 to 7 already are arranged, are suitable for accommodating further Speakers also the parcel shelf, in the present case with four speakers 91 to 94 and the outer areas of the Footwell for driver and front passenger to accommodate more Speakers 95 and 96.

    Im vorliegenden Beispiel, in dem die Fahrgastzelle vollständig von Lautsprechern 1 bis 7 und 91 bis 94 sowie 95 und 96 umschlossen ist, ist es auch denkbar, nicht nur stereophone, sondern beispielsweise auch auf Front- und Heckbereich aufgeteilte Audiosignale wiederzugeben. In diesem Falle werden mittels der in Figur 2 dargestellten und entsprechend erweiterten Ansteuerung nicht nur zwei, sondern drei, vier oder mehr resultierende Wellenfronten erzeugt.In the present example, in which the passenger compartment complete of speakers 1 to 7 and 91 to 94 and 95 and 96 is enclosed, it is also conceivable, not only stereophonic, but also for example on front and Play back divided audio signals. In in this case, by means of the and shown in Figure 2 correspondingly expanded control not just two, but three, four or more resulting wavefronts are generated.

    In Figur 4 ist ein Blockschaltbild des erfindungserheblichen Teils eines Autoradios 100 als eine Wiedergabevorrichtung für stereophone oder mehrkanalige Audiosignale dargestellt.FIG. 4 is a block diagram of what is relevant to the invention Part of a car radio 100 as a playback device shown for stereophonic or multi-channel audio signals.

    Einem digitalen Signalprozessor 101, der die Ansteuerung, d.h. die Zeitverzögerungsglieder, die Multiplizierer und die Addierer der Anordnung gemäß Figur 2 enthält, sind die Signale L und R für den linken und den rechten Audiokanal, sowie eventuell weitere Signale für weitere Audiokanäle zugeführt. Die Werte für die Verzögerungen der Verzögerungsglieder sowie die den Multiplizierern zugeführten Gewichtsfaktoren sind einem Speicher 102 entnommen. Am Ausgang des digitalen Signalprozessors stehen die Signale zur Ansteuerung der einzelnen Lautsprecher 1 bis 7, sowie gegebenenfalls weiterer Lautsprecher 91 bis 96 bereit, die nach Verstärkung in einem Niederfrequenzverstärker 103 den Lautsprechern zugeführt werden.A digital signal processor 101, which controls, i.e. the time delay elements, the multipliers and the Contains adders of the arrangement shown in Figure 2, are L and R signals for the left and right audio channels, as well as possibly further signals for further audio channels fed. The values for the delays of the Delay elements as well as the multipliers weight factors supplied are a memory 102 taken. Stand at the output of the digital signal processor the signals for controlling the individual speakers 1 to 7, and possibly further speakers 91 to 96 ready after amplification in a low frequency amplifier 103 are fed to the speakers.

    Es liegt im Bereich der Erfindung, daß im Speicher 102 mehrere Datensätze für verschieden gestaltete Räume, beispielsweise für die Fahrgastzellen verschiedener Autotypen gespeichert sind, wobei bei Installation des Autoradios in ein Kraftfahrzeug durch Vorgabe eines autotypspezifischen Codes über den Steuereingang 104 des Speichers 102 ein dem Autotyp zugeordneter Datensatz zur Verarbeitung im digitalen Signalprozessor 101 aktiviert wird.It is within the scope of the invention that in memory 102 several data sets for differently designed rooms, for example different for the passenger cells Auto types are stored, whereby when installing the Car radios in a motor vehicle by default autotype-specific codes via the control input 104 of the Stores 102 a data record assigned to the car type Processing in digital signal processor 101 activated becomes.

    Es liegt weiterhin im Bereich der Erfindung, daß die Datensätze vorab entweder durch Messungen in einem Modellkraftfahrzeug oder aber durch Simulationen bestimmt werden.It is also within the scope of the invention that Records in advance either by measurements in one Model vehicle or determined by simulations become.

    Weiterhin liegt es im Bereich der Erfindung, daß im Zuge der Messungen oder Simulationen Einflüsse von Reflexionen der Audiosignale auf den Verlauf der resultierenden Wellenfronten berücksichtigt werden. So ist es beispielsweise zur korrekten Bestimmung der Verzögerungszeiten und der Amplituden, der von den auf der Hutablage angeordneten Lautsprechern 91 bis 94 abgestrahlten Signalanteile von Bedeutung, daß die von den horizontal angeordneten Lautsprechern 91 bis 94 abgestrahlten Signalanteile nicht direkt, sondern durch die Heckscheibe reflektiert in das Innere der Fahrgastzelle 10 abgestrahlt werden. Der dabei zurückgelegte längere Weg wird bei der Bestimmung der Laufzeiten und der Amplituden der von diesen Lautsprechern abzustrahlenden Signalanteile berücksichtigt.Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention that in the course of Measurements or simulations influences the reflections of the Audio signals on the course of the resulting wavefronts be taken into account. For example, it is correct determination of the delay times and the Amplitudes of those arranged on the parcel shelf Speakers 91 to 94 emitted signal components from Meaning that those of the horizontally arranged Speakers 91 to 94 not emitted signal components directly, but reflected in the rear window Interior of the passenger compartment 10 are emitted. The one there long distance traveled is used in determining the Runtimes and the amplitudes of these speakers radiated signal components taken into account.

    Claims (6)

    1. Method for reproducing a stereophonic audio signal having a left and a right channel in a space, particularly in the passenger compartment (10) of a motor vehicle, where loudspeakers (1 to 7) for reproducing acoustic signals are arranged at a plurality of positions in the space,
      where the loudspeakers (1 to 7) are supplied with the signals both from the left and from the right channel, in each case individually delayed and amplitude-analysed for each loudspeaker (1 to 7),
      characterized in that the delay and the amplitude analysis for the audio signals reproduced via the loudspeakers are set such that the wavefronts (83 to 87) of the acoustic signals radiated from the loudspeakers (1 to 7) are overlaid on one another to form at least one first resultant wavefront for the left channel and a second resultant wavefront (80) for the right channel, the resultant wavefronts having a constant phase and amplitude along their profile,
      and in that the resultant wavefronts cross one another in an expanded listening zone within the space which comprises a plurality of mutually remote listening positions, so that a stereo audio image is obtained within the listening zone.
    2. Arrangement for reproducing a stereophonic audio signal comprising a left and a right channel in a space, particularly in the passenger compartment (10) of a motor vehicle, where loudspeakers (1 to 7) for reproducing acoustic signals are arranged at a plurality of positions within the space,
      where the loudspeakers (1 to 7) each have associated means (31 to 37) for overlaying the signals from the left and right channels of the audio signal to be reproduced, and where the loudspeakers (1 to 7) each have associated means for individually influencing the phase (11 to 17, 21 to 27) and amplitude (41 to 47, 51 to 57) of the signals from the left and right channels for each loudspeaker (1 to 7),
      characterized in that the phase and amplitude of the audio signals reproduced by the loudspeakers (1 to 7) are chosen such that the wavefronts (83 to 87) of the acoustic waves radiated from the loudspeakers (1 to 7) are overlaid on one another to form a first resultant wavefront for the left channel (L) and a second resultant wavefront (80) for the right channel (R) of the stereo audio signal, along which wavefronts the phase and amplitude of the audio signal are constant, and the resultant wavefronts cross one another in the region of a listening zone within the space which comprises a plurality of mutually remote listening positions, so that a stereophonic audio image is obtained in the region of the listening zone.
    3. Arrangement according to Claim 2,
      characterized in that the loudspeakers (1 to 7) within the space are arranged around the listening zone.
    4. Arrangement according to Claim 2 or 3,
      characterized in that the actuation for the loudspeakers (1 to 7) comprises delay elements (11 to 17, 21 to 27) which are used to influence the phases of the acoustic signals radiated from the individual loudspeakers (1 to 7) such that the resultant wavefronts (80) formed by overlaying the wavefronts (83 to 87) of the acoustic signals radiated from the individual loudspeakers (1 to 7) have a prescribed, preferably linear profile.
    5. Arrangement according to one of Claims 2 to 4,
      characterized in that the actuation for the loudspeakers (1 to 7) comprises amplifiers and/or attenuators (41 to 47, 51 to 57) whose gain factors are set such that a constant amplitude is obtained along the resultant wavefronts (80) formed by overlaying the wavefronts of the acoustic signals radiated from the individual loudspeakers (1 to 7).
    6. Arrangement according to one of Claims 2 to 5,
      characterized in that the loudspeakers (1 to 5) are arranged outside the listening zone at right angles and/or parallel to an imaginary longitudinal axis through the space, in the case of a passenger compartment in a motor vehicle at right angles to and/or along the direction of travel,
      and in that the delay values for the delay elements (11 to 17, 21 to 27) for the actuation are proportioned such that, for the propagation directions of the at least two resultant wavefronts (80), a respective first portion is obtained parallel to the imaginary space axis and a respective second portion is obtained at right angles to the imaginary space axis, the second portions being in mutually opposite directions.
    EP98924041A 1997-09-09 1998-04-03 Method and device for reproducing a stereophonic audiosignal Expired - Lifetime EP1013141B1 (en)

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    DE19739425 1997-09-09
    DE19739425A DE19739425A1 (en) 1997-09-09 1997-09-09 Method and arrangement for reproducing a sterophonic audio signal
    PCT/DE1998/000943 WO1999013683A1 (en) 1997-09-09 1998-04-03 Method and device for reproducing a stereophonic audiosignal

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    EP1013141A1 (en) 2000-06-28
    AU7637898A (en) 1999-03-29
    DE19739425A1 (en) 1999-03-11
    JP2001517005A (en) 2001-10-02
    DE59808087D1 (en) 2003-05-28
    AU744020B2 (en) 2002-02-14
    US6584202B1 (en) 2003-06-24
    WO1999013683A1 (en) 1999-03-18

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