EP1100615A1 - Dispositif a haute capacite permettant de mettre en contact une vapeur et un liquide - Google Patents

Dispositif a haute capacite permettant de mettre en contact une vapeur et un liquide

Info

Publication number
EP1100615A1
EP1100615A1 EP98958477A EP98958477A EP1100615A1 EP 1100615 A1 EP1100615 A1 EP 1100615A1 EP 98958477 A EP98958477 A EP 98958477A EP 98958477 A EP98958477 A EP 98958477A EP 1100615 A1 EP1100615 A1 EP 1100615A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
tray
vapor
trays
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98958477A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1100615A4 (fr
Inventor
John Scott Buchanan
Berne Kim Stober
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Oil Corp
Original Assignee
Mobil Oil Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mobil Oil Corp filed Critical Mobil Oil Corp
Publication of EP1100615A1 publication Critical patent/EP1100615A1/fr
Publication of EP1100615A4 publication Critical patent/EP1100615A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/18—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with horizontal bubble plates
    • B01D3/20—Bubble caps; Risers for vapour; Discharge pipes for liquid

Definitions

  • This invention is directed to a series of vapor/liquid contacting trays and a separation process which employs this series of trays.
  • Contacting trays such as the one of this invention are useful in distillation and related mass transfer or heat transfer applications where liquid flows down and gas or vapor flows up through a vessel.
  • Liquid entrainment is a problem frequently encountered in distillation tray technology. Gas-liquid contacting employing plate and tray columns and potential problems involved are discussed in Section 18 of The Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Fifth Edition, by Robert H. Perry and Cecil H. Chilton. Tray designs with baffles and dispersers of various types are illustrated and discussed.
  • Co-pending application S.N. 08/833,490 (which is commonly owned with the instant invention) is directed to a means of de-entraining liquid.
  • a plurality of de-entrainment devices (such as vane packs) on the trays are specified to accomplish the vapor/liquid de-entrainment.
  • FIG. 1 A series of conventional sieve trays is illustrated in Figure 1. Liquid that is entrained upwards from the tray can be thrown up against the perforated area of the tray above, and get carried up to the next tray. This backmixing of liquid up the column, contrary to the desired downward liquid flow, can greatly decrease the separation efficiency of the column and can cause flooding (hydraulic overloading) of the column.
  • the phase separation can take place in an essentially empty de-entrainment zone by the forces of gravity and liquid downward inertia, without the aid of special de-entrainment devices.
  • mesh pads, vanes, plates, louvers or other means to assist phase separation or other means of assisting phase separation may be placed within the de-entrainment zone.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the instant invention.
  • Complete entrainment of the liquid is not necessary in the functioning of this invention.
  • Some liquid can simply spill over the outlet weir. It is preferred, however, to initially impart some upward momentum to the bulk of the liquid.
  • baffle that then helps direct the liquid at least partially downward, such that the liquid is moving generally downward, rather than upward, as it enters the disengaging zone where the vapor flows upward to the next tray.
  • One or more curved turning vanes may also be used to direct the liquid momentum downward.
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate that it is desirable that the perforated area of one tray not be in the direct line with the perforated area of another tray in sequence.
  • Many FCC units are limited by the downstream gas plant.
  • the trays of the instant invention can help debottleneck gas plants, other high pressure towers, and amine towers with high liquid loads. The capacity benefits of this invention are probably highest at conditions of high liquid flux (greater than about 13.58 l/s/m 2 (20 gpm/ft 2 )) of tower area.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a conventional sieve tray. Liquid enters the tray at 1 , and at a high rate, becomes entrained with the rising vapor 2, and is thrown against the perforated area of the tray 3 above, to be carried to the next tray.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a series of sieve trays of the instant invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a series of sieve trays with an alternate form of baffles 1 (curved turning vanes) for directing liquid flow downward.
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a series of sieve trays with little or no direct line of sight from the perforated area of one tray to the perforated area of the next tray in sequence.
  • the tray design of this invention, and the process steps involving its use, are illustrated in Figure 2.
  • Vapor entrained with liquid enters the tray through perforated area 1.
  • the impermeable roof above the perforated area prevents the entrained liquid from rising further in the column.
  • the outlet weirs 3 and 4 which are adjacent to the perforated area through which vapor travels upward from one tray to another, and baffle 4 deflect vapor and entrained liquid into the disengaging area 5. De-entrained liquid then moves downward to tray 6 below, while the vapor moves upward through the perforated area 7 into the tray above.
  • baffles which are located between the trays have a downwardly curved trailing edge.
  • Such baffles are referred to here as turning vanes.
  • the trailing edge of the turning vane possesses a shape which approximates a ninety degree arc. This arc has a radius of from one-fourth inch to 2 inches, and preferably from one-half inch to one inch.
  • the shape may be obtained by straight segments or a combination of straight and curved segments.
  • the disengaging area comprises preferably more than 40%, and more preferably from 45 to 60% of the area of a given "pass" of the tower.
  • Devices such as perforated mesh pads, baffles, louvered plates or vanes, may be placed in the disengaging area, especially against the far wall 8. When liquid sprays against the far wall, there may be some advantage to mounting these devices in order to keep the liquid from splashing or being blown upward, although satisfactory performance can be obtained without such devices.
  • the preferred ratio of perforated area at a given tray level to the total cross- sectional area of the tower is 1:10 to 1:2, and most preferably 1:5 to 2:5. This is smaller than the percentage of perforated area usually found in conventional trays.
  • Circular holes are preferred for the perforated areas of this tray, but any shape of hole or slot or any other device, including valves or bubble caps, that allows vapor passage would be acceptable here.
  • the number and size of perforations are chosen to be small enough to avoid excessive weeping of liquid down through the perforations, and large enough to avoid excessive pressure drop.
  • Devices on or above the deck such as vanes, momentum breaker bars or deck orifice shrouds may be used to moderate the liquid momentum and influence the pattern of vapor flow up into the liquid. Close tray spacing is recommended for the instant invention.
  • the tower in which the tray series is located is operating in a pinched regime (which is common in the target applications for this tray, such as debutanizer bottom sections), then the increased capacity associated with this tray can be used to increase the reflux ratio. In this way the efficiency of the tower may be enhanced.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un plateau permettant de mettre en contact une vapeur et un liquide. Ce plateau est utile pour la distillation, les procédés de transfert de chaleur et de transfert de masse où le liquide descend et la vapeur monte à travers le récipient. Dans le présent dispositif, la surface perforée (1, 7) du plateau est relativement réduite, de sorte que le liquide est entraîné vers le haut. Le courant liquide est amené vers le bas dans une grande zone de séparation (5). La force d'impulsion du liquide vers le bas et la grande zone de séparation (5) permettent de traiter des courants de liquide et de vapeur à débit élevé sans pour autant surcharger la capacité de séparation vapeur/liquide du dispositif. Ce dispositif comprend également des tuyaux d'évacuation (3) et des chicanes (4) servant à dévier le courant de vapeur et de liquide traversant le récipient.
EP98958477A 1997-11-20 1998-11-06 Dispositif a haute capacite permettant de mettre en contact une vapeur et un liquide Withdrawn EP1100615A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6621697P 1997-11-20 1997-11-20
US66216P 1997-11-20
PCT/US1998/023670 WO1999026718A1 (fr) 1997-11-20 1998-11-06 Dispositif a haute capacite permettant de mettre en contact une vapeur et un liquide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1100615A1 true EP1100615A1 (fr) 2001-05-23
EP1100615A4 EP1100615A4 (fr) 2001-05-23

Family

ID=22068052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98958477A Withdrawn EP1100615A4 (fr) 1997-11-20 1998-11-06 Dispositif a haute capacite permettant de mettre en contact une vapeur et un liquide

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1100615A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001523567A (fr)
AU (1) AU1451799A (fr)
CA (1) CA2311253A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999026718A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6287367B1 (en) * 1998-05-19 2001-09-11 Mobil Oil Corporation High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting device
FR2909894B1 (fr) 2006-12-14 2010-12-17 Inst Francais Du Petrole Systeme deflecteur pour plateaux de colonnes

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226678A (en) * 1976-07-01 1980-10-07 Luwa Ag Method and apparatus for the decontamination of a liquid containing contaminants

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2116933A (en) * 1933-09-16 1938-05-10 Union Oil Co Fractionating column
US2610046A (en) * 1948-05-24 1952-09-09 Joy Mfg Co Rectifying apparatus
US2772748A (en) * 1953-07-21 1956-12-04 Shell Dev Contacting fluids with entrainment and inertia separation
SU1124992A1 (ru) * 1977-12-26 1984-11-23 Предприятие П/Я А-3605 Массообменный аппарат

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226678A (en) * 1976-07-01 1980-10-07 Luwa Ag Method and apparatus for the decontamination of a liquid containing contaminants

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO9926718A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2311253A1 (fr) 1999-06-03
AU1451799A (en) 1999-06-15
WO1999026718A1 (fr) 1999-06-03
JP2001523567A (ja) 2001-11-27
EP1100615A4 (fr) 2001-05-23

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