EP1094286B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft Download PDFInfo
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- EP1094286B1 EP1094286B1 EP00119941A EP00119941A EP1094286B1 EP 1094286 B1 EP1094286 B1 EP 1094286B1 EP 00119941 A EP00119941 A EP 00119941A EP 00119941 A EP00119941 A EP 00119941A EP 1094286 B1 EP1094286 B1 EP 1094286B1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure column
- section
- condenser
- evaporator
- low
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229940110728 nitrogen / oxygen Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular nitrogen;molecular oxygen Chemical compound N#N.O=O DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000883306 Huso huso Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004172 nitrogen cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
- F25J3/04878—Side by side arrangement of multiple vessels in a main column system, wherein the vessels are normally mounted one upon the other or forming different sections of the same column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
- F25J3/04884—Arrangement of reboiler-condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
- F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
- F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
- F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/10—Boiler-condenser with superposed stages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the low temperature decomposition of air with the Features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the rectification system of the invention can be used as a classic two column system be formed, but also as a three or more column system. It may be in addition to the columns for nitrogen-oxygen separation further devices for Production of other air components, in particular of noble gases, for example, an argon recovery.
- a designed as a condenser-evaporator heat exchanger has evaporation and Liquefaction passages on. In the evaporation passages becomes a liquid evaporated. They are in heat exchange contact with the liquefaction passages, in which a gaseous fraction in indirect heat exchange with the evaporating Liquid condenses. Details about evaporation processes are for example the monograph "Evaporation and its technical applications" by Billet (1981) refer to.
- a condenser-evaporator can consist of one or more Heat exchanger blocks be constructed.
- a condenser-evaporator system points one or more condenser evaporators.
- falling film evaporator as a condenser-evaporator in Air separation plants used, as for example in EP 681153 A or EP 410832 A is shown.
- the evaporates to Liquid enters the top of the evaporation passages and flows as a relatively thin film on the walls, separating the evaporation and liquefaction passages, down.
- This evaporator type has a particularly low pressure loss in the Evaporation passages and is therefore energetically generally cheaper than a Circulation evaporator.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, a method of the initially mentioned type and to provide a corresponding device that economically and Operationally are particularly favorable to operate and in particular a have particularly low energy consumption.
- non-evaporated liquid (second oxygen-rich liquid) is indeed as in the conventional falling film evaporation of a Supplied conveyor, such as a pump; this transports the Liquid, however, not back to the entry of the evaporation passages of the same Falling film evaporator, but on a second section of the condenser-evaporator system.
- the first section needs only a relatively small Part, for example, 30 to 50%, preferably 38 to 42%, of the total Evaporating power of the condenser-evaporator system to take.
- the oxygen product is preferably in the inventive method subtracted from the second section of the condenser-evaporator system, either as a gas or as a liquid.
- a gaseous pressure oxygen product can be obtained by oxygenated liquid in the liquid state to an elevated pressure brought and then evaporated against air or nitrogen (so-called Internal compression).
- the first portion of the condenser-evaporator system of the invention may be arranged within the low-pressure column or in a separate container.
- the method and the corresponding apparatus according to the invention can be used for each Type of nitrogen-oxygen separation can be used, especially independently from the product purities in the heads and swamps of the columns.
- the vapor that enters the evaporation passages of the second section of the Condenser-evaporator system is generated, preferably not withdrawn exclusively or mainly as a gaseous oxygen product, but at least half initiated in the low-pressure column and there as used ascending steam. If the entire oxygen product is liquid won and / or internally compressed, can also the whole in the second section of the condenser-evaporator system generated gas in the low-pressure column to be led back.
- a third oxygen-rich liquid remains in the second section of the condenser-evaporator system as non-vaporized part of the second oxygen-rich Liquid. It preferably collects in the liquid bath of or one Circulation evaporator. It is preferably used in the process according to the invention at least partially into the low pressure column and / or to the evaporation passages the first section of the condenser-evaporator system liquid returned. This return can be conveniently shared with the above mentioned return of steam are carried out in the low-pressure column, by a corresponding line at the level of the liquid of the bath is arranged. This will simultaneously the liquid level in the circulation evaporator regulated, without additional control or regulating devices would be required.
- the second section is partially formed as a second falling-film evaporator
- the already existing conveyor between the first and second section additionally for the generation of a liquid circulation at the second falling film evaporator can be used.
- the liquefaction passages of the condenser-evaporator system are preferably so connected to the two columns, as in claim 4 is described. This can be dispensed with pumps at these points, and although even if pressure column and low pressure column arranged side by side are. (In this case, it is favorable if the first section of the condenser-evaporator system below the lowest floor of the low pressure column and the second section of the condenser-evaporator system above the top Bottom of the pressure column are arranged.)
- the trained as a falling film evaporator first section is preferably so dimensioned that in him the amount of nitrogen-rich liquid through Condensation of a nitrogen-rich gas fraction is generated from the pressure column, the is required as reflux in the low-pressure column (plus, where appropriate, as pressureless liquid product withdrawn amount).
- the rest of the Heat transfer (50 to 70%, preferably 58 to 62%) is in the second section performed the condenser-evaporator system, in such a way that there generates at least the amount of liquid required as reflux in the pressure column becomes.
- the heating surface of the heating surface it may in some cases be more favorable, in the first section a larger proportion of nitrogen-rich To condense fraction as described above, according to the heating surface of second section (usually at the head of the pressure column) to the first section (in the Usually in the bottom of the low-pressure column to relocate. In this case, part of the first nitrogen-rich liquid formed in the first section as reflux is abandoned on the pressure column. For this purpose, if necessary, the use of a Liquid pump required.
- the nitrogen-rich gas fraction is generally the head nitrogen of the Pressure column formed.
- the first section of the condenser-evaporator system is preferred designed exclusively as a falling film evaporator.
- He can dimension particularly well as a single, relatively compact block be realized, or in the form of several (for example four) particularly low Blocks arranged side by side.
- An arrangement immediately in the Swamp of the low-pressure column is also favorable for a low overall height of the plant and their insulation (coldbox).
- the second section of the condenser-evaporator system can be replaced by at least two evaporation side serially connected sections is formed, the first as a falling film evaporator and the second is designed as a circulation evaporator.
- the Liquid that realized the evaporation passages of the falling film evaporator Escapes portion is, for example, in the liquid bath of or one introduced as a circulation evaporator realized section.
- the falling film evaporator-circulation evaporator combination can, for example, with continuous Be equipped liquefaction passages, as in EP 795349 A in detail is described.
- the liquid from the bath of the Circulating evaporator in the low-pressure column or the exit of the Evaporation passages of the first section of the condenser-evaporator system recycled and to increase the amount of liquid in the as a falling film evaporator trained section of the second section are used.
- the invention also relates to a device for the cryogenic separation of air according to claim 9. Particularly advantageous embodiments of the device are described in the claims 10 to 13.
- gaseous feed air 1 which has been previously compressed, cleaned and cooled to about the dew point (not shown), is fed to the pressure column 2 immediately above the sump.
- the pressure column 2 is part of a rectification system, which also has a low pressure column 3 and a main condenser in the form of a condenser-evaporator system 101, 102, 103.
- the air is decomposed in the pressure column 2 into top nitrogen and into an oxygen-enriched liquid. The latter is not deducted in the special embodiment, as usual at the bottom, but some theoretical or practical floors higher on line 5.
- the oxygen-enriched liquid 5 is via a line, not shown at an intermediate point in the low pressure column 3 throttled.
- the low-pressure column 3 one or more are in the upper area Nitrogen products withdrawn (not shown). Below the bottom Rectification section becomes oxygen in the purity required for the product won. This flows as the first oxygen-rich liquid from the bottom or packing section of the low-pressure column 3 and is in a Collecting device 7 collected. The first oxygen-rich liquid continues to flow to the upper end of the first section 101 of the condenser-evaporator system and is introduced into its evaporation passages. The first section 101 is as Falling film evaporator formed. There, about 28 to 30% of the first evaporate oxygen-rich liquid 7 in indirect heat exchange with a first part 8 the nitrogen-rich gas fraction 4 from the head of the pressure column 2. This condenses the nitrogen-rich gas 8 to a first nitrogen-rich liquid 9.
- the vapor 11 in the first section 101 of the condenser-evaporator system is generated, flows back to the lowest rectification section of the low-pressure column and participates in the countercurrent mass transfer within this column.
- the liquid remaining portion 12 forms a second oxygen-rich liquid. This is about Withdrawn line 13 and by means of a pump 14 to the second section of the Condenser evaporator led by a combination of another Falling film evaporator 102 and a circulation evaporator 103 is formed, as in EP 795349 A is described in detail.
- the second oxygen-rich liquid flows into the evaporation passages of the further falling film evaporator 102 down and evaporates there to about 40%.
- the resulting steam 15 is completely via line 16 in the low pressure column. 3 returned, since in the example no oxygen as gaseous product directly from the rectification system is discharged.
- the line 16 is used for the same time Keeping constant the liquid level in the liquid bath 18, by excess Liquid together with the steam generated in the second section 102, 103 for Low pressure column 3 is guided.
- the liquefaction passages of the further falling film evaporator 102 and the Circulating evaporator 103 are executed continuously. You will be of a second Part 22 of the nitrogen-rich gas fraction 4 from the pressure column 2 acted upon. Of the Nitrogen initially flows through the falling film evaporator 102 and then through the circulation evaporator 103 and condenses at least partially, preferably practically complete. The resulting second nitrogen-rich liquid 23 is completely abandoned as reflux to the pressure column 2.
- Figure 2 shows in detail the connection between the conduit 16 and the outer space around the two condenser-evaporators 102, 103, which form the second section of the condenser-evaporator system.
- the dimensions of the line are designed essentially according to the amount of gas to be transported. It is arranged so that liquid from the liquid bath of the circulation evaporator 103 can overflow and flow back as a film 26 at the bottom of the line 16 in the low pressure column 3 and in the liquid sump below the first falling film evaporator 101. As a result, the liquid level of the liquid bath of the circulation evaporator 103 is kept at a constant level without special control measures.
- FIG. 3 differs from FIG. 1 by an additional line 301 via which a Part of the first nitrogen-rich liquid 9 as reflux to the pressure column. 2 can be abandoned.
- a liquid pump 302 for overcoming the static level between the first section 101 of the condenser-evaporator system and upper Area of the pressure column 2 necessary.
- the entire Heating surface of the portion 102 are integrated into the first section 101, so that the second section of the condenser-evaporator system only one Circulation evaporator 103 exists.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
Claims (13)
- Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, bei dem verdichtete und vorgereinigte Einsatzluft (1) in ein Rektifiziersystem zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung eingeleitet wird, daseine Drucksäule (2),eine Niederdrucksäule (3) undein Kondensator-Verdampfer-System (101, 102, 103) zur Beheizung der Niederdrucksäule (3)
aufweist, wobeidas Kondensator-Verdampfer-System einen ersten Abschnitt (101) aufweist, der als Fallfilmverdampfer ausgebildet ist,eine erste sauerstoffreiche Flüssigkeit (6) aus der Niederdrucksäule (3) in die Verdampfungspassagen des Fallfilmverdampfers (101) eingeleitet und dort teilweise verdampft wird, wobei ein sauerstoffreicher Dampf (11) und eine zweite sauerstoffreiche Flüssigkeit (12) gebildet werden, und wobeider sauerstoffreiche Dampf (11) mindestens zum Teil in die Niederdrucksäule (3) zurückgeleitet wird, - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der in den Verdampfungspassagen des zweiten Abschnitts des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems erzeugte Dampf mindestens zur Hälfte in die Niederdrucksäule (3) eingeleitet (16) wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine dritte sauerstoffreiche Flüssigkeit (18), die aus dem im zweiten Abschnitt (102, 103) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems nicht verdampften Teil der zweiten sauerstoffreichen Flüssigkeit (12, 13) gebildet wird, mindestens teilweise in die Niederdrucksäule (3) und/oder zu den Verdampfungspassagen des ersten Abschnitts (101) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems zurückgeleitet (16) wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daßim oberen Bereich der Drucksäule (2) eine stickstoffreiche Gasfraktion (4) erzeugt wird,ein erster Teil (8) der stickstoffreichen Gasfraktion (4) in die Verflüssigungspassagen des ersten Abschnitts (101) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems eingeleitet und dort mindestens teilweise kondensiert wird, wobei eine erste stickstoffreiche Flüssigkeit (9) gebildet wird,ein zweiter Teil (22) der stickstoffreichen Gasfraktion (4) in die Verflüssigungspassagen des zweiten Abschnitts (102, 103) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems eingeleitet und dort mindestens teilweise kondensiert wird, wobei eine zweite stickstoffreiche Flüssigkeit (23) gebildet wird,die erste stickstoffreiche Flüssigkeit (9) mindestens teilweise entspannt (10) und als Rücklauf auf die Niederdrucksäule (3) aufgegeben wird unddie zweite stickstoffreiche Flüssigkeit (23) mindestens teilweise als Rücklauf auf die Drucksäule (2) aufgegeben wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teil der ersten stickstoffreichen Flüssigkeit (9) als Rücklauf auf die Drucksäule (2) aufgegeben (301, 302) wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Drucksäule (2) und Niederdrucksäule (3) nebeneinander angeordnet sind, wobei der erste Abschnitt (101) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems unterhalb des untersten Bodens beziehungsweise des untersten Packungsabschnitts der Niederdrucksäule (3) und/oder der zweite Abschnitt des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems oberhalb des obersten Bodens beziehungsweise des obersten Packungsabschnitts der Drucksäule (2) angeordnet sind.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Abschnitt (101) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems ausschließlich als Fallfilmverdampfer ausgebildet ist
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Abschnitt des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems durch mindestens zwei verdampfungsseitig seriell verbundene Teilabschnitte gebildet wird, von denen mindestens einer als Fallfilmverdampfer (102) und mindestens einer als Umlaufverdampfer (103) ausgebildet ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft mit einem Rektifiziersystem zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung, daseine Drucksäule (2),eine Niederdrucksäule (3) undein Kondensator-Verdampfer-System (101, 102, 103) zur Beheizung der Niederdrucksäule (3)wobei das Kondensator-Verdampfer-System einen ersten Abschnitt (101) aufweist, der als Fallfilmverdampfer ausgebildet ist,einer Einsatzluftleitung (1) zur Einleitung verdichteter und vorgereinigter Einsatzluft (1) in die Drucksäule (2),Mitteln zur Zuführung einer ersten sauerstoffreichen Flüssigkeit (6) aus der Niederdrucksäule (3) in die Verdampfungspassagen des Fallfilmverdampfers (101) undMitteln zur Rückführung von sauerstoffreichem Dampf (11) aus den Verdampfungspassagen des Fallfilmverdampfers (101) in die Niederdrucksäule (3),
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Drucksäule (2) und Niederdrucksäule (3) nebeneinander angeordnet sind, wobei der erste Abschnitt (101) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems unterhalb des untersten Bodens beziehungsweise des untersten Packungsabschnitts der Niederdrucksäule (3) und/oder der zweite Abschnitt des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems oberhalb des obersten Bodens beziehungsweise des obersten Packungsabschnitts der Drucksäule (2) angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Abschnitt (101) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems ausschließlich als Fallfilmverdampfer ausgebildet ist
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Abschnitt des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems durch mindestens zwei verdampfungsseitig seriell verbundene Teilabschnitte gebildet wird, deren erster als Fallfilmverdampfer (102) und deren zweiter als Umlaufverdampfer (103) ausgebildet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Austritt (9) der Verflüssigungspassagen des ersten Abschnitts (101) des Kondensator-Verdampfer-Systems über eine Flüssigkeitsleitung (301) und gegebenenfalls über eine Flüssigpumpe (302) mit der Drucksäule (2) verbunden ist.
Priority Applications (1)
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EP00119941A EP1094286B1 (de) | 1999-10-20 | 2000-09-13 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
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DE19950570A DE19950570A1 (de) | 1999-10-20 | 1999-10-20 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE19950570 | 1999-10-20 | ||
EP00102564 | 2000-02-07 | ||
EP00102564 | 2000-02-07 | ||
EP00119941A EP1094286B1 (de) | 1999-10-20 | 2000-09-13 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
Publications (2)
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EP1094286A1 EP1094286A1 (de) | 2001-04-25 |
EP1094286B1 true EP1094286B1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
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EP00119941A Revoked EP1094286B1 (de) | 1999-10-20 | 2000-09-13 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
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EP (1) | EP1094286B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE298070T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50010552D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2243182T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
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DE10113790A1 (de) | 2001-03-21 | 2002-09-26 | Linde Ag | Drei-Säulen-System zur Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung |
EP3910274A1 (de) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-17 | Linde GmbH | Verfahren zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft und luftzerlegungs anlage |
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DE2402246A1 (de) * | 1974-01-18 | 1975-07-31 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur gewinnung von sauerstoff mittlerer reinheit |
FR2650379B1 (fr) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-10-18 | Air Liquide | Appareil de vaporisation-condensation pour double colonne de distillation d'air, et installation de distillation d'air comportant un tel appareil |
GB9016766D0 (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1990-09-12 | Boc Group Plc | Boiling liquefied gas |
DE19605500C1 (de) * | 1996-02-14 | 1997-04-17 | Linde Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verdampfen einer Flüssigkeit |
US5775129A (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-07-07 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Heat exchanger |
US5761927A (en) * | 1997-04-29 | 1998-06-09 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process to produce nitrogen using a double column and three reboiler/condensers |
-
2000
- 2000-09-13 ES ES00119941T patent/ES2243182T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-13 EP EP00119941A patent/EP1094286B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2000-09-13 AT AT00119941T patent/ATE298070T1/de active
- 2000-09-13 DE DE50010552T patent/DE50010552D1/de not_active Revoked
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EP1094286A1 (de) | 2001-04-25 |
ATE298070T1 (de) | 2005-07-15 |
DE50010552D1 (de) | 2005-07-21 |
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