Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
  • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
  • H04L12/2801—Broadband local area networks

Definitions

• the invention relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly to registering communication devices in a communication network.
• a shared medium communication network is one in which a single communications channel (the shared channel) is shared by a number of users such that uncoordinated transmissions from different users may interfere with one another.
• the shared medium communication network typically includes a number of secondary stations that transmit on the shared channel, and a single primary station situated at a common receiving end of the shared channel for receiving the secondary station transmissions. Since communication networks typically have a limited number of communication channels, the shared medium communication network allows many users to gain access to the network over a single communication channel, thereby allowing the remaining communication channels to be used for other purposes.
• the primary station must identify and register the secondary station. Registration typically involves the secondary station selecting a shared channel from among a plurality of channels and transmitting a registration request message to the primary station by means of the selected shared channel, and the primary station subsequently accepting the registration request. It is desirable for the registration process to be completed as quickly as possible. Although the secondary station has no way of knowing a priori, the selected shared channel may or may not be acceptable to the primary station.
• the shared channel may be unacceptable, for example, if the selected shared channel is overloaded or otherwise unable to provide the required bandwidth and other operating requirements for the secondary station. Therefore, upon receiving the registration request message on the selected shared channel, the primary station determines whether the selected shared channel is acceptable or unacceptable. If the selected shared channel is acceptable, then the primary station accepts the registration request by sending an appropriate registration response message to the secondary station. However, if the selected shared channel is unacceptable, then the primary station can either accept or reject the registration request by sending an appropriate registration response message to the secondary station. If the primary station accepts the registration request, then the primary station subsequently determines an alternate shared channel and moves the secondary station to the alternate shared channel by means of an additional exchange of messages.
• the secondary station repeats the process of finding another shared channel and transmitting a registration request message until the primary station accepts a registration request.
• the registration process is unnecessarily complicated and overly time consuming.
• an improved registration process that is both simplified and efficient is needed.
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an exemplary shared medium communication network in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an exemplary primary station in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an exemplary secondary station in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 4 is a logic flow diagram showing exemplary secondary station logic in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 5 is a logic flow diagram showing exemplary primary station logic in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the format of a standard registration response message in accordance with the Multimedia Cable Network System (MCNS) protocol;
• MCNS Multimedia Cable Network System
• FIG. 7A is a block diagram showing the format of an exemplary registration response message in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 7B is a block diagram showing the format of an exemplary Vendor- Specific Data information element in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the format of an exemplary registration response message in accordance with a first alternative embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the format of an exemplary registration response message in accordance with a second alternative embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 10 is a logic flow diagram showing exemplary secondary station logic in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• the present invention provides such an improved registration process by informing the secondary station of an acceptable alternate shared channel when the selected shared channel is unacceptable. This allows the secondary station to switch directly to the acceptable alternate shared channel without having to repeat the registration process on multiple shared channels.
• the primary station upon receiving the initial registration request message on the unacceptable selected shared channel, determines an alternate shared channel that is acceptable, and rejects the registration request by sending a registration response message indicating the alternate shared channel.
• the secondary station Upon receiving the registration response message indicating the alternate shared channel, the secondary station switches immediately to the alternate shared channel and completes the registration on the alternate shared channel by transmitting another registration request message that is accepted by the primary station in due course.
• the registration process in accordance with the present invention is simplified, since the primary station rejects the initial registration request rather than accepting the initial registration request and taking the additional step of subsequently moving the secondary station to the alternate shared channel.
• the registration process in accordance with the present invention is efficient, since the secondary station moves immediately to the alternate shared channel without having to potentially search through multiple shared channels before finding one that is acceptable. Specific features and advantages of the present invention are described herein with reference to a various exemplary embodiments.
• FIG. 1 shows a shared medium communication network 100 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• the shared medium communication network 100 allows a number of end users 110 through 110 N to access a remote external network 108 such as the Internet.
• the shared medium communication network 100 acts as a conduit for transporting information between the end users 110 and the external network 108.
• the shared medium communication network 100 includes a primary station
• the primary station 102 is in communication with a plurality of secondary stations 10- ⁇ through 104 N (collectively referred to as “secondary stations 104" and individually as a “secondary station 104") by means of channels 106 and 107.
• Channel 106 carries information in a "downstream” direction from the primary station 102 to the secondary stations 104, and is hereinafter referred to as “downstream channel 106.”
• Channel 107 carries information in an "upstream” direction from the secondary stations 104 to the primary station 102, and is hereinafter referred to as "upstream channel 107.”
• Each end user 110 interfaces to the shared medium communication network 100 by means of a secondary station 104.
• the shared medium communication network 100 is a data-over-cable (DOC) communication system wherein the downstream channel 106 and the upstream channel 107 are separate channels carried over a shared physical medium.
• the shared physical medium is a hybrid fiber-optic and coaxial cable (HFC) network.
• the downstream channel 106 is one of a plurality of downstream channels carried over the HFC network.
• the upstream channel 107 is one of a plurality of upstream channels carried over the HFC network.
• the shared physical medium may be coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, twisted pair wires, and so on, and may also include air, atmosphere, or space for wireless and satellite communication.
• the various upstream and downstream channels may be the same physical channel, for example, through time-division multiplexing/duplexing, or separate physical channels, for example, through frequency-division multiplexing/duplexing.
• the downstream channels including the downstream channel 106, are typically situated in a frequency band above approximately 50 MHz, although the particular frequency band may vary from system to system, and is often country-dependent.
• the downstream channels are classified as broadcast channels, since any information transmitted by the primary station 102 over a particular downstream channel, such as the downstream channel 106, reaches all of the secondary stations 104. Any of the secondary stations 104 that are tuned to receive on the particular downstream channel can receive the information.
• the upstream channels are typically situated in a frequency band between approximately 5 through 42 MHz, although the particular frequency band may vary from system to system, and is often country-dependent.
• the upstream channels are classified as shared channels, since only one secondary station 104 can successfully transmit on a particular upstream channel at any given time, and therefore the upstream channels must be shared among the plurality of secondary stations 104. If more than one of the secondary stations 104 simultaneously transmit on a particular upstream channel, such as the upstream channel 107, there is a collision that corrupts the information from all of the simultaneously transmitting secondary stations 104.
• the primary station 102 and the secondary station 104 participate in a medium access control (MAC) protocol.
• the MAC protocol provides a set of rules and procedures for coordinating access by the secondary station 104 to the shared upstream channel 107.
• Each secondary station 104 participates in the MAC protocol on behalf of its end users.
• each participant in the MAC protocol is referred to as a "MAC User.”
• the MAC protocol includes a protocol commonly referred to as Multimedia Cable Network System (MCNS), which is defined in the document entitled MCNS Data-Over-Cable Service Interface
• the MAC protocol divides the upstream channel 107 into successive time slots.
• the MAC protocol supports a plurality of slot types for carrying different types of information.
• Each time slot is capable of transporting a unit of information (for example, a data packet or a control packet).
• the primary station 102 assigns each time slot to a particular MAC User or group of MAC Users.
• a MAC User that has data to transmit is permitted to transmit only in time slots designated by the primary station 102.
• a MAC User transmission must begin and end within a designated time slot to avoid corrupting transmissions by other MAC Users in other time slots.
• FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an exemplary primary station 102 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• the primary station 102 includes a number of functional modules implemented on individual cards that fit within a common chassis.
• the primary station 102 requires at least a minimum set of functional modules.
• the minimum set of functional modules comprises an Adapter Module 210, a MAC Module 220, a Transmitter Module 240, and a Receiver Module 230.
• the minimum set of functional modules allows the primary station 102 to support a single downstream channel and up to eight upstream channels.
• the Adapter Module 210 controls the flow of data and control messages between the primary station 102 and the secondary stations 104.
• the Adapter Module 210 includes Control Logic 218 that is coupled to a Memory 212.
• the Control Logic 218 includes, among other things, logic for processing data and control (e.g., registration request) messages received from the secondary stations 104, and logic for generating data and control (e.g., registration response) messages for transmission to the secondary stations 104.
• the Memory 212 is divided into a Dedicated Memory 216 that is used only by the Control Logic 218, and a Shared Memory 214 that is shared by the Control Logic 218 and MAC Logic
• the Control Logic 218 and the MAC Logic 224 exchange data and control messages using three ring structures (not shown) in the Shared Memory 214.
• Data and control (e.g., registration request) messages received from the secondary station 104 are stored by the MAC Logic 224 in a Receive Queue in the Shared Memory 224.
• Control (e.g., registration response) messages generated by the Control Logic 218 are stored by the Control Logic 218 in a MAC Transmit Queue in the Shared Memory 214.
• Data messages for transmission to the secondary station 104 are stored by the Control Logic 218 in a Data Transmit Queue in the Shared Memory 214.
• the Control Logic 218 monitors the Receive Queue to obtain data and control (e.g., registration request) messages.
• the MAC Logic 224 monitors the MAC Transmit Queue to obtain control (e.g., registration response) messages, and monitors the Data Transmit Queue to obtain data messages.
• the MAC Module 220 implements MAC functions within the primary station 102.
• the MAC Module 220 includes MAC Logic 224 that is coupled to a Local Memory 222 and to the Shared Memory 214 by means of interface 250.
• the MAC Logic 224 monitors the MAC Transmit Queue and the Data Transmit Queue in the Shared Memory 214.
• the MAC Logic 224 transmits any queued data and control (e.g., registration response) messages to Encoder/Modulator 241 of Transmitter Module 240 by means of interface 253.
• the MAC Logic 224 also processes data and control messages received from the Receiver Module 230 by means of interface 255.
• the MAC Logic 224 stores the received data and control messages in the Receive Queue in the Shared Memory 214 by means of interface 250.
• the Transmitter Module 240 provides an interface to the downstream channel 106 for transmitting data and control (e.g., registration response) messages to the secondary stations 104.
• the Transmitter Module 240 includes a Transmitter Front End 242 that is operably coupled to the downstream channel 106 and an Encoder/Modulator 241.
• the Encoder/Modulator 241 includes logic for processing data and control (e.g., registration response) messages received from the MAC Logic 224 by means of interface 253.
• the Encoder/Modulator 241 includes encoding logic for encoding the data and control (e.g., registration response) messages according to a predetermined set of encoding parameters, and modulating logic for modulating the encoded data and control (e.g., registration response) messages according to a predetermined modulation mode.
• the Transmitter Front End 242 includes logic for transmitting the modulated signals from the Encoder/Modulator 241 onto the downstream channel 106. More specifically, the Transmitter Front End 242 includes tuning logic for tuning to a downstream channel 106 center frequency, and filtering logic for filtering the transmitted modulated signals.
• Both the Encoder/Modulator 241 and the Transmitter Front End 242 include adjustable parameters, including downstream channel center frequency for the Transmitter Front End 242, and modulation mode, modulation symbol rate, and encoding parameters for the Encoder/Modulator 241.
• the Receiver Module 230 provides an interface to the upstream channel
• the Receiver Module 230 includes a Receiver Front End 232 that is operably coupled to the upstream channel 107 and to a Demodulator/Decoder 231.
• the Receiver Front End 232 includes logic for receiving modulated signals from the upstream channel 107. More specifically, the Receiver Front End 232 includes tuning logic for tuning to an upstream channel 107 center frequency, and filtering logic for filtering the received modulated signals.
• the Demodulator/Decoder 231 includes logic for processing the filtered modulated signals received from the Receiver Front End 232.
• the Demodulator/Decoder 231 includes demodulating logic for demodulating the modulated signals according to a predetermined modulation mode, and decoding logic for decoding the demodulated signals according to a predetermined set of decoding parameters to recover data and control (e.g., registration request) messages from the secondary station 104.
• Both the Receiver Front End 232 and the Demodulator/Decoder 231 include adjustable parameters, including upstream channel center frequency for the Receiver Front End 232, and modulation mode, modulation symbol rate, modulation preamble sequence, and decoding parameters for the Demodulator/Decoder 231.
• the primary station 102 includes a configuration interface 254 through which the adjustable parameters on both the Receiver Module 230 and the Transmitter Module 240 are configured.
• the configuration interface 254 operably couples the MAC Logic 224 to the Demodulator/Decoder 231 , the Receiver Front End 232, the Encoder/Modulator 241 , and the Transmitter Front End 242.
• the configuration interface 254 is preferably a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus as is known in the art.
• SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
• FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an exemplary secondary station 104 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• the secondary station 104 includes a User Interface 310 for interfacing with the End User 110. Data transmitted by the End User 110 is received by the User Interface 310 and stored in a Memory 308.
• the secondary station 104 also includes a Control Message Processor 304 that is coupled to the Memory 308.
• the Control Message Processor 304 participates as a MAC User in the MAC protocol on behalf of the End User 110.
• the Control Message Processor 304 transmits data and control (e.g., registration request) messages to the primary station 102 by means of Transmitter 302, which is operably coupled to transmit data and control (e.g., registration request) messages on the upstream channel 107.
• the Control Message Processor 304 also processes data and control (e.g., registration response) messages received from the primary station 102 by means of Receiver 306, which is operably coupled to receive data and control (e.g., registration response) messages on the downstream channel 106.
• FIG. 4 is a logic flow diagram showing exemplary secondary station logic in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• the logic begins in step 402, and proceeds to select an upstream channel, in step 404.
• the logic transmits an initial registration request message to the primary station 102 on the selected upstream channel, in step 406.
• the logic receives a registration response message from the primary station 102 rejecting the initial registration request and identifying an alternate upstream channel, in step 408.
• FIG. 5 is a logic flow diagram showing exemplary primary station logic in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The logic begins in step 502, and upon receiving an initial registration request message from the secondary station 104 on a selected upstream channel in step 504, proceeds to determine whether the selected upstream channel is acceptable or unacceptable, in step 506.
• the logic transmits a registration response message to the secondary station 104 accepting the initial registration request on the selected upstream channel, in step 510.
• the logic determines an alternate upstream channel, in step 512, and transmits a registration response message to the secondary station 104 rejecting the initial registration request and identifying the alternate upstream channel, in step 514.
• the logic subsequently receives a second registration request message from the secondary station 104 on the alternate upstream channel, in step 516, and transmits a registration response message to the secondary station 104 accepting the second registration request on the alternate upstream channel.
• the logic terminates in step 599.
• the registration response message does not include a field or other means for identifying the alternate upstream channel.
• the format of a standard registration response message 600 in accordance with the MCNS protocol is shown in FIG. 6.
• the standard registration response message 600 includes a MAC Management Message Header 602, a Service Identifier (SID) 604, a Response 606, and a number of Information Elements (lEs) 608.
• the Response 606 indicates whether the registration request was accepted or rejected, and if rejected, whether the rejection was due to an authentication failure or a class-of-service failure.
• the lEs 608 carry additional information from the primary station 102 to the secondary station 104.
• Each IE includes a single-octet Type field uniquely identifying the type of information carried in the IE, a single-octet Length field indicating the number of octets in the IE (excluding the Type and Length fields), and a Value field for carrying up to 254 octets of data.
• the lEs are referred to as "TLV Encoded Information.”
• the MCNS Protocol Specification defines a number of lEs that can be included in the registration response message.
• the registration response message can include a Modem Capabilities IE, a Service Class Data IE, a Service Not Available IE, and a Vendor-Specific Data IE.
• the information carried by the Modem Capabilities, Service Class Data, and Service Not Available lEs is specified in the MCNS Protocol Specification.
• Information carried by the Vendor-Specific Data IE is not specified in the MCNS Protocol Specification, and is available for each vendor to define independently.
• the alternate upstream channel identifier is carried in a Vendor-Specific Data IE included in the registration response message.
• an exemplary registration response message 700 in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes standard MAC Management Message Header 602, SID 604, Response 606 indicating a class of service failure, Modem Capabilities IE 702, and Service Not Available IE 704.
• the registration response message 700 also includes a Vendor-Specific Data IE 706, such as the exemplary Vendor-Specific Data IE shown in FIG. 7B, which includes the alternate upstream channel identifier.
• the preferred embodiment is practicable within the existing MCNS protocol framework without requiring any changes to the MCNS Protocol Specification.
• the preferred embodiment is practicable by a single vendor to the exclusion of other vendors, so the improved registration process in accordance with the preferred embodiment differentiates the vendor's products from those of the other vendors.
• the alternate upstream channel identifier is carried in one of the lEs presently included in the registration response message.
• one of the lEs such as the Service Not Available IE, is redefined to include the alternate upstream channel identifier.
• an exemplary registration response message 800 in accordance with the first alternative embodiment of the present invention includes standard MAC Management Message Header 602, SID 604, Response 606 indicating a class of service failure, and Modem Capabilities IE 702.
• the registration response message 800 also includes a modified Service Not Available IE 802 that includes the alternate upstream channel identifier.
• the MCNS Protocol Specification must be modified to redefine the Service Not Available IE (or another IE) for carrying the alternate upstream channel identifier.
• the alternate upstream channel identifier is carried in an IE other than one of the lEs presently included in the registration response message.
• the registration response message is redefined to include another IE, such as an Upstream Channel ID IE as defined in the MCNS Protocol Specification or a new IE defined specifically for carrying the alternate upstream channel identifier. As shown in FIG.
• an exemplary registration response message 900 in accordance with the second alternative embodiment of the present invention includes standard MAC Management Message Header 602, SID 604, Response 606 indicating a class of service failure, Modem Capabilities IE 702, and Sen/ice Not Available IE 704.
• the registration response message 900 also includes an IE 902, such as an Upstream Channel ID IE as defined in the MCNS Protocol Specification or a new IE defined specifically for carrying the alternate upstream channel identifier, that includes the alternate upstream channel identifier.
• the MCNS Protocol Specification must be modified to redefine the registration response message format and, if necessary, define a new IE for carrying the alternate upstream channel identifier.
• FIG. 10 is a logic flow diagram 1000 showing exemplary secondary station 102 logic in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• the logic begins in step 1002, and proceeds to select an upstream channel, in step 1004. After completing the ranging process on the selected upstream channel, the logic transmits an initial registration request message to the primary station 102 on the selected upstream channel, in step 1006.
• the logic may receive a registration response message from the primary station 102 rejecting the initial registration request, in step 1008.
• the logic determines whether the registration response message includes an alternate upstream channel identifier, in step 1010. If the registration response message includes an alternate upstream channel identifier (YES in step 1012), then the logic switches to the alternate upstream channel in step 1014, and after completing the ranging process on the alternate upstream channel, transmits a second registration request message to the primary station 102 on the alternate upstream channel in step 1018.
• the logic selects an alternate upstream channel in step 1016, and after completing the ranging process on the selected alternate upstream channel, transmits a second registration request message to the primary station 102 on the selected alternate upstream channel in step 1018. The logic terminates in step 1099.
• All logic described herein can be embodied using discrete components, integrated circuitry, programmable logic used in conjunction with a programmable logic device such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or microprocessor, or any other means including any combination thereof.
• programmable logic can be fixed temporarily or permanently in a tangible medium such as a read-only memory chip, a computer memory, a disk, or other storage medium.
• Programmable logic can also be fixed in a computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave, allowing the programmable logic to be transmitted over an interface such as a computer bus or communication network. All such embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
• the present invention comprises various embodiments including, but not limited to, the secondary station 104 including secondary station logic 400 and 1000, the primary station 102 including primary station logic 500, the shared medium communication network 100 including a primary station 102 and at least one secondary station 104 in accordance with the present invention, and registration response messages 700, 800, and 900 including the alternate upstream channel identifier.
• the secondary station 104 can be embodied as a method, device, computer readable medium, or data signal enabling the secondary station 104 to select an upstream channel, transmit a first registration request message on the selected upstream channel, receive a first registration response message rejecting the first registration request and identifying an alternate upstream channel, switch to the alternate upstream channel, and transmit a second registration request message on the alternate upstream channel.
• the primary station 102 can be embodied as a method, device, computer readable medium, or data signal enabling the primary station 102 to receive a first registration request message on a selected upstream channel, determine that the selected upstream channel is unacceptable according to predetermined criteria, determine an alternate upstream channel, transmit a first registration response message rejecting the first registration request and identifying the alternate upstream channel, receive a second registration request message on the alternate upstream channel, and transmit a second registration response message accepting the second registration request on the alternate upstream channel.
• the shared medium communication network 100 can be embodied as a method or system including a primary station in communication with at least one secondary station for selecting, by the secondary station, an upstream channel; transmitting, by the secondary station to the primary station, a first registration request message on the selected upstream channel; receiving, by the primary station, the first registration request message on the selected upstream channel; determining, by the primary station, that the selected upstream channel is unacceptable according to predetermined criteria; determining, by the primary station, an alternate upstream channel; transmitting, by the primary station to the secondary station, a first registration response message rejecting the first registration request and identifying the alternate upstream channel; receiving, by the secondary station, the first registration response message rejecting the first registration request and identifying the alternate upstream channel; switching, by the secondary station, to the alternate upstream channel; transmitting, by the secondary station to the primary station, a second registration request message on the alternate upstream channel; receiving, by the primary station, the second registration request message on the alternate upstream channel; and transmitting, by the
• the registration response message (700, 800, 900) for use in a Multimedia Cable Network System (MCNS) protocol includes an alternate upstream channel identifier identifying an alternate upstream channel for registration, wherein the alternate upstream channel identifier is included in a vendor-specific data information element, a Modem Capabilities information element, a Service Class Data information element, a Service Not Available information element, an Upstream Channel ID information element, or any other existing or new information element included in the registration response message.
• MCNS Multimedia Cable Network System

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• 1999
  • 1999-03-19 CA CA002333385A patent/CA2333385A1/en not_active Abandoned
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  • 1999-03-19 AU AU31962/99A patent/AU3196299A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-03-19 WO PCT/US1999/006169 patent/WO1999063690A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-03-19 EP EP99914019A patent/EP1082829A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-03-19 CN CN 99806790 patent/CN1303548A/zh active Pending

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