EP1073845A1 - Positive displacement machine - Google Patents

Positive displacement machine

Info

Publication number
EP1073845A1
EP1073845A1 EP99910073A EP99910073A EP1073845A1 EP 1073845 A1 EP1073845 A1 EP 1073845A1 EP 99910073 A EP99910073 A EP 99910073A EP 99910073 A EP99910073 A EP 99910073A EP 1073845 A1 EP1073845 A1 EP 1073845A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
displacement machine
bearings
housing
rotors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99910073A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1073845B1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Becher
Andreas Basteck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ateliers Busch SA
Original Assignee
Ateliers Busch SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ateliers Busch SA filed Critical Ateliers Busch SA
Priority to EP99910073A priority Critical patent/EP1073845B1/en
Priority to SI9930095T priority patent/SI1073845T1/en
Publication of EP1073845A1 publication Critical patent/EP1073845A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1073845B1 publication Critical patent/EP1073845B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/14—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C18/16—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/02—Arrangements of bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/082—Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type pumps
    • F04C18/086—Carter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2220/00—Application
    • F04C2220/10—Vacuum
    • F04C2220/12—Dry running

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a displacement machine, in particular for use as a pump, with a working space formed in a housing, which is delimited by two end walls and a jacket and is accessible via an inlet and an outlet for a working medium and is movable with at least one in the housing arranged rotor dividing the work area and with a guide gear for rotor control and a drive device located outside the work area.
  • Such displacement machines are known in many different types. They can be designed and used both for supplying a pressure medium, for example air, and as vacuum pumps. In many areas of application for such machines, particularly in the packaging and food industries, the pressure medium must not be contaminated with oil. It is therefore essential that the machines do without oil in the work area.
  • the problem has been solved by geometries which allow the rotors to engage without contact, so that they do not have to be lubricated with oil.
  • the bearing of the rotors is more problematic, as will be explained in the following using some typical examples.
  • a second type of displacement machine works with hydrodynamic or hydrostatic bearings.
  • there are of course sealing problems as soon as the working medium must not be contaminated with lubricants. Overcoming these sealing problems requires increased construction costs, which undesirably increases the weight of the machine.
  • An example of a machine with hydrostatic bearings is described in European patent application EP 0 376 373 A1. In this type of displacement machine, the weight and the construction effort are increased even further by the devices necessary for applying the lubricant pressure.
  • a third type of displacement machine is equipped with magnetic bearings for the rotor shafts.
  • Such bearings already have a relatively high weight. Because of the relatively low forces that can be absorbed by magnetic bearings, the rotors have to be driven by separate, electronically synchronized motors and cannot be synchronized with a guide gear. In the event of a failure of the synchronization circuit, however, a mechanical emergency synchronization gear is often provided.
  • a fourth, widespread type of displacement machine works with rolling bearings that are conventionally lubricated and dynamically sealed against the work area.
  • the rotors are supported on both sides, as is shown, for example, in German Patent DE 37 06 588 C1.
  • the support length between the bearings is increased by the seals required to seal them.
  • the core diameter of the rotors must also be made correspondingly larger. This increases the size and weight of the machine.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a positive displacement machine of the type mentioned, which can be manufactured with less effort and less weight than known generic positive displacement machines and which are operated in particular without special lubricants for the bearings.
  • This object is achieved in that the rotor or the rotors is or are at least partially supported within the working space and that the bearing or the bearings arranged within the working space are accessible to the working medium and are designed as roller bearings made of ceramic materials or are, whereby a lubricant-free operation of the displacement machine is possible.
  • the machine according to the invention can therefore be operated without special lubricants for the bearings and is therefore a Contamination of the working medium with lubricant is practically impossible.
  • the embodiment of the invention specified in claim 2 eliminates the need for sealing on both sides, thereby making it possible to reduce the spans between the bearings. This also reduces the effort involved in building the machine, as well as its weight and installation space.
  • the particularly preferred embodiment of the displacement machine according to the invention brings with it a simple, bilateral mounting of the rotors while reducing the spans, as well as operation without dynamic seals on the suction side and a general reduction in installation space. Dispensing with seals on the suction side is particularly advantageous in the case of vacuum pumps because failure of such a seal in a machine with conventionally lubricated bearings would lead to contamination of the working medium or to a breakdown of the vacuum.
  • the embodiment according to claim 4 also enables lubricant-free operation of the machine and a further reduction in the rotor spans.
  • the dynamic shaft seals are accessible and exchangeable from the outside in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a displacement machine according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through an exemplary embodiment of the displacement machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a displacement machine according to the prior art, which is intended for use as a pump.
  • a working space 2 is formed in a housing 1 and is separated by two end faces. walls 3, 4 and a coat 5 is limited.
  • the working medium for example air, is drawn into the working space via an inlet 6 and ejected through and through an outlet 7.
  • Two rotors 8, 9, which are provided on their sheath in a known manner with interlocking screw-shaped profiles, are rotatably arranged in the work area.
  • a guide gear 10, which is arranged outside the working area and driven by a drive device 11, ensures that the two rotors rotate in the opposite direction without contact.
  • the rotors 8 and 9 are each supported by two conventional roller bearings 12 and 13 in the end walls 3 and 4 and sealed against the working space 2 with seals 14 and 15.
  • the span that results from this arrangement is denoted by L1 in FIG.
  • the rotors 8 and 9 are supported in the working space 2 by roller bearings 16 and 17.
  • roller bearings 16 and 17 are made of ceramic materials that achieve a long service life without lubrication or with lubrication only through the working medium.
  • the rotors are thus mounted in the working space, which results in the span L2 which is considerably smaller than in the prior art shown in FIG.
  • the work space 2 only needs to be sealed on the side of the guide gear 10, which in the present example is achieved by the dynamic seal 18 arranged on the side of the bearing 17 facing away from the work space.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a positive displacement machine which is especially used as a pump and comprises a work chamber (2) formed in a housing (1). Said work chamber is delimited by two facing walls (3, 4) and by a casing (5), and can be accessed via an inlet (6) and an outlet (7) for a work medium. The invention comprises at least one rotor (8) which is arranged in the housing such that it can move and which subdivides the work chamber. A guiding transmission (10) for controlling the rotor is connected to a drive device (11) located outside of the work chamber. The aim of the invention is to provide a positive displacement machine which can be produced with fewer expenditures and with a lower weight compared to known positive displaced machines of this type. In addition, the aim of the invention is to provide a positive displacement machine which can be operated especially without special lubricants for the bearings. To this end, the rotor or rotors is/are at least partially mounted inside the work chamber, the bearing or bearings (16, 17) arranged inside the work chamber can be accessed by the work medium, and the bearing or bearings is/are produced as antifriction bearings, whereby a lubricant-free operation of the positive displacement machine is possible. As a result, the work medium is virtually prevented from being contaminated with lubricant.

Description

Verdrängermaschine Displacement machine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verdrängermaschine, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Pumpe, mit einem in einem Gehäuse gebildeten Arbeitsraum, der durch zwei Stirnwände und einen Mantel begrenzt ist und über einen Ein- lass und einen Auslass für ein Arbeitsmedium zugänglich ist sowie mit mindestens einem im Gehäuse beweglich angeordneten, den Arbeitsraum unterteilenden Rotor und mit einem Führungsgetriebe zur Rotorsteuerung und einer ausserhalb des Arbeitsraumes befindlichen Antriebsvorrichtung.The invention relates to a displacement machine, in particular for use as a pump, with a working space formed in a housing, which is delimited by two end walls and a jacket and is accessible via an inlet and an outlet for a working medium and is movable with at least one in the housing arranged rotor dividing the work area and with a guide gear for rotor control and a drive device located outside the work area.
Derartige Verdrängermaschinen sind in vielen verschiedenen Aus- führungsarten bekannt. Sie können sowohl zum Liefern eines Druckmediums, beispielsweise Luft, als auch als Vakuumpumpen ausgelegt und eingesetzt werden. Bei vielen Einsatzgebieten solcher Maschinen, insbesondere in der Verpackungs- und Lebensmittelindustrie, darf das Druckmedium nicht mit Öl kontaminiert werden. Es ist daher wesentlich, dass die Maschinen ohne Öl im Arbeitsraum auskommen. Bezüglich der Rotoren hat man das Problem durch Geometrien gelöst, die einen berührungsfreien Eingriff der Rotoren gestatten, so dass diese nicht mit Öl geschmiert werden müssen. Problematischer ist aber die Lagerung der Rotoren, wie dies im folgenden anhand einiger typischer Beispiele erläutert wird.Such displacement machines are known in many different types. They can be designed and used both for supplying a pressure medium, for example air, and as vacuum pumps. In many areas of application for such machines, particularly in the packaging and food industries, the pressure medium must not be contaminated with oil. It is therefore essential that the machines do without oil in the work area. With regard to the rotors, the problem has been solved by geometries which allow the rotors to engage without contact, so that they do not have to be lubricated with oil. However, the bearing of the rotors is more problematic, as will be explained in the following using some typical examples.
Bei einem ersten Typ von Verdrängermaschinen der eingangs genannten Art sind die Rotoren mittels Gleitlagern gestützt. Es sind heute Gleitlager bekannt, beispielsweise solche mit Beschichtungen aus Siliciumcarbid, die sehr gute Trockenlaufeigenschaften aufweisen. Solche Lager sind zwar in der Lage, für einige Zeit einen Betrieb ohne Schmiermittel ohne Beschädigung zu überstehen, etwa beim Anlauf der Maschine oder beim Ausfall der Schmiermittelversorgung bis zum Stillstand der Maschine, jedoch eignen sie sich nicht für ungeschmierten Dauerbetrieb. Es gibt einige Fälle, in denen das von der Maschine geförderte Medium zur Schmierung der Lager herangezogen werden kann, insbesondere wenn dieses Medium flüssig ist. In allen anderen Fällen bleibt nichts anderes übrig, als die Lager gegen den Arbeitsraum abzudichten, wenn das Arbeitsmedium vor einer Kontamination mit Schmiermitteln geschützt werden soll. Dies geschieht in den meisten Fällen durch dynamische Abdich- tungen. Die nicht vollständige Dichtheit sowie die gegebenenfalls auftretende Reibung mit der damit verbundenen Erwärmung und begrenzten Lebensdauer der Dichtungen sind die wesentlichsten Probleme derartiger Konstruktionen.In a first type of displacement machine of the type mentioned in the introduction, the rotors are supported by means of slide bearings. Plain bearings are known today, for example those with coatings made of silicon carbide, which have very good dry-running properties. Although such bearings are able to withstand operation without lubrication for some time without damage, for example when the machine starts up or the lubricant supply fails until the machine comes to a standstill, they are not suitable for unlubricated continuous operation. There are some cases in which the medium conveyed by the machine can be used to lubricate the bearings, especially if this medium is liquid. In all other cases there is no alternative but to seal the bearings against the work area if the working medium is to be protected against contamination with lubricants. In most cases this is done by dynamic sealing obligations. The incomplete tightness and the possibly occurring friction with the associated heating and limited life of the seals are the most important problems of such constructions.
Ein zweiter Typ von Verdrängermaschinen arbeitet mit hydrodynami- sehen oder hydrostatischen Lagern. Auch hier stellen sich natürlich Abdichtungsprobleme, sobald das Arbeitsmedium nicht mit Schmiermitteln kontaminiert werden darf. Die Bewältigung dieser Abdichtungsprobleme bedingt einen erhöhten Bauaufwand, was das Gewicht der Maschine in unerwünschter Weise erhöht. Ein Beispiel einer Maschine mit hydrostatischen Lagern ist in der Euro- päischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 376 373 A1 beschrieben. Bei diesem Typ von Verdrängermaschine wird das Gewicht und der Bauaufwand durch die für das Aufbringen des Schmiermitteldruckes notwendigen Einrichtungen noch zusätzlich erhöht.A second type of displacement machine works with hydrodynamic or hydrostatic bearings. Here, too, there are of course sealing problems as soon as the working medium must not be contaminated with lubricants. Overcoming these sealing problems requires increased construction costs, which undesirably increases the weight of the machine. An example of a machine with hydrostatic bearings is described in European patent application EP 0 376 373 A1. In this type of displacement machine, the weight and the construction effort are increased even further by the devices necessary for applying the lubricant pressure.
Ein dritter Typ von Verdrängermaschinen ist mit Magnetlagem für die Rotorwellen ausgerüstet. Solche Lager weisen an sich schon ein relativ hohes Gewicht auf. Wegen der verhältnismässig geringen Kräfte, die durch magnetische Lager aufgenommen werden können, müssen die Rotoren durch separate, elektronisch synchronisierte Motoren angetrieben werden und können nicht mit einem Führungsgetriebe synchronisiert werden. Für den Fall ei- nes Versagens der Synchronisierschaltung ist aber vielfach dennoch ein mechanisches Not-Synchronisationsgetriebe vorgesehen.A third type of displacement machine is equipped with magnetic bearings for the rotor shafts. Such bearings already have a relatively high weight. Because of the relatively low forces that can be absorbed by magnetic bearings, the rotors have to be driven by separate, electronically synchronized motors and cannot be synchronized with a guide gear. In the event of a failure of the synchronization circuit, however, a mechanical emergency synchronization gear is often provided.
Ein noch anderer Typ von Verdrängermaschinen weist einseitig gelagerte Wellen auf, wobei die Lagerung auf der Druckseite des Arbeitsraumes vorgesehen ist. Die Deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 195 22 551 A1 zeigt eine solche Maschine. Es ist offensichtlich, dass auch bei dieser Art von Verdrängermaschine der Bauaufwand erheblich ist.Yet another type of displacement machine has shafts mounted on one side, the bearing being provided on the pressure side of the work space. The German published application DE 195 22 551 A1 shows such a machine. It is obvious that the construction effort is also considerable with this type of displacement machine.
Ein vierter, weit verbreiteter Typ von Verdrängermaschinen arbeitet mit Wälzlagern, die konventionell geschmiert und gegen den Arbeitsraum dynamisch abgedichtet sind. Bei einer ersten Unterart dieses Typs sind die Roto- ren beidseitig gelagert, wie dies beispielsweise in der Deutschen Patentschrift DE 37 06 588 C1 gezeigt ist. Auf den Zeichnungen dieses Dokumentes ist deutlich zu sehen, dass bei gegebener Länge des Arbeitsraumes, die Stützlänge zwischen den Lagern durch die zu deren Abdichtung nötigen Dichtungen vergrössert wird. Es ist klar, dass mit zunehmender Stützweite die Tendenz zu transversalen Schwingungen der Rotoren und damit die Gefahr von Rotorbe- rührungen zunimmt. Um dieser Gefahr entgegenzuwirken, muss auch der Kerndurchmesser der Rotoren entsprechend grösser gestaltet werden. Dadurch wird die Baugrösse und das Gewicht der Maschine erhöht. Bei einer anderen Maschine dieser Art gemass der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 195 13 380 A1 erfolgt die Lagerung auf einer Seite innerhalb des Rotors, der zu diesem Zwecke anstelle eines Lagerzapfens eine Bohrung aufweist. Damit ist zwar die Stützweite zwischen den Lagern verringert, aber der Aufwand zur Abdichtung der Lager gegen den Arbeitsraum wird nicht reduziert. Eine zweite Unterart des vorgenannten vierten Typs arbeitet mit einseitig gelagerten Rotoren. Eine solche Maschine wurde durch die Anmelderin am 15. Juli 1997 unter der Nummer 1737/97 als Schweizerisches Patent angemeldet. Diese Maschine hat insbesondere den Vorteil, dass nur eine einzige Lagerung abgedichtet werden muss, und zwar die Lagerung auf der Druckseite des Arbeitsraumes. Diese Abdichtung des Arbeitsraumes bietet auch deshalb weniger Probleme, weil die Gefahr einer Kontamination des Arbeitsmediums bei der druckseitigen Dichtung viel geringer ist als bei der saugseitigen. Durch diese Konstruktion wird aber im Vergleich mit der vorstehend erwähnten kein Bauraum eingespart, womit die Anwendung auf kleinere Pumpen begrenzt ist.A fourth, widespread type of displacement machine works with rolling bearings that are conventionally lubricated and dynamically sealed against the work area. In a first subspecies of this type, the rotors are supported on both sides, as is shown, for example, in German Patent DE 37 06 588 C1. On the drawings of this document is It can be clearly seen that, given the length of the work area, the support length between the bearings is increased by the seals required to seal them. It is clear that with increasing span, the tendency to transverse vibrations of the rotors and thus the danger of touching the rotor increases. In order to counteract this danger, the core diameter of the rotors must also be made correspondingly larger. This increases the size and weight of the machine. In another machine of this type in accordance with German laid-open specification DE 195 13 380 A1, it is supported on one side within the rotor, which for this purpose has a bore instead of a bearing journal. Although the span between the bearings is reduced, the effort required to seal the bearings from the work area is not reduced. A second subspecies of the aforementioned fourth type works with rotors mounted on one side. Such a machine was registered by the applicant on July 15, 1997 under number 1737/97 as a Swiss patent. This machine has the particular advantage that only a single bearing has to be sealed, namely the bearing on the pressure side of the work area. This sealing of the work space also offers fewer problems because the risk of contamination of the working medium is much lower with the pressure side seal than with the suction side. This construction, however, saves no installation space in comparison with the aforementioned, which limits the application to smaller pumps.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Verdrängermaschine der eingangs genannten Art vorzuschlagen, die mit weniger Aufwand und geringerem Gewicht als bekannte gattungsgemässe Verdrängermaschinen hergestellt werden kann und die insbesondere ohne besondere Schmiermittel für die Lager betrieben werden. Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass der Rotor bzw. die Rotoren zumindest teilweise innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes gelagert ist bzw. sind und dass das innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes angeordnete Lager bzw. die innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes angeordneten Lager für das Arbeitsmedium zugänglich und als Wälzlager aus Keramikwerkstoffen ausgeführt ist bzw. sind, wodurch ein schmiermittelfreier Betrieb der Verdrängermaschine möglich ist. Die erfindungsgemässe Maschine kann daher ohne besondere Schmiermittel für die Lager betrieben werden und dadurch ist eine Kontamination des Arbeitsmediums mit Schmiermittel praktisch ausgeschlossen.The present invention has for its object to provide a positive displacement machine of the type mentioned, which can be manufactured with less effort and less weight than known generic positive displacement machines and which are operated in particular without special lubricants for the bearings. This object is achieved in that the rotor or the rotors is or are at least partially supported within the working space and that the bearing or the bearings arranged within the working space are accessible to the working medium and are designed as roller bearings made of ceramic materials or are, whereby a lubricant-free operation of the displacement machine is possible. The machine according to the invention can therefore be operated without special lubricants for the bearings and is therefore a Contamination of the working medium with lubricant is practically impossible.
Durch die im Anspruch 2 angegebene Ausführungsart der Erfindung entfällt der Zwang zu beidseitiger Abdichtung, wodurch eine Reduzierung der Stützweiten zwischen den Lagern ermöglicht wird. Dadurch verringert sich auch der Aufwand beim Bau der Maschine sowie deren Gewicht und Bauraum.The embodiment of the invention specified in claim 2 eliminates the need for sealing on both sides, thereby making it possible to reduce the spans between the bearings. This also reduces the effort involved in building the machine, as well as its weight and installation space.
Die besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsart der erfindungsgemässen Verdrängermaschine gemass Anspruch 3 bringt eine einfache, beidseitige Lagerung der Rotoren unter Reduzierung der Stützweiten sowie einen Betrieb ohne saugseitige dynamische Dichtungen und eine generelle Bauraumreduzierung mit sich. Der Verzicht auf saugseitige Dichtungen ist bei Vakuumpumpen besonders vorteilhaft, weil ein Versagen einer solchen Dichtung bei einer Maschine mit konventionell geschmierten Lagern zu einer Kontamination des Arbeitsmediums oder zum Zusammenbruch des Vakuums führen würde.The particularly preferred embodiment of the displacement machine according to the invention brings with it a simple, bilateral mounting of the rotors while reducing the spans, as well as operation without dynamic seals on the suction side and a general reduction in installation space. Dispensing with seals on the suction side is particularly advantageous in the case of vacuum pumps because failure of such a seal in a machine with conventionally lubricated bearings would lead to contamination of the working medium or to a breakdown of the vacuum.
Die Ausführungsart nach Anspruch 4 ermöglicht ebenfalls einen schmiermittelfreien Betrieb der Maschine sowie eine weitere Reduzierung der Rotor-Stützweiten. Darüber hinaus sind bei dieser Ausführungsart die dynamischen Wellendichtungen von aussen zugänglich und austauschbar.The embodiment according to claim 4 also enables lubricant-free operation of the machine and a further reduction in the rotor spans. In addition, the dynamic shaft seals are accessible and exchangeable from the outside in this embodiment.
Im folgenden wird der Stand der Technik und eine besondere Aus- führungsart der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:In the following the prior art and a special embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Verdrängermaschine nach dem Stand der Technik und1 shows a longitudinal section through a displacement machine according to the prior art and
Figur 2 einen Längsschnitt durch ein Ausführuπgsbeispiel der erfindungs- gemässen Verdrängermaschine.FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through an exemplary embodiment of the displacement machine according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine Verdrängermaschine nach dem Stand der Technik, die zur Verwendung als Pumpe vorgesehen ist. In einem Gehäuse 1 ist ein Arbeitsraum 2 ausgebildet, der durch zwei Stirn- wände 3, 4 und einen Mantel 5 begrenzt ist. Über einen Einlass 6 wird das Arbeitsmedium, beispielsweise Luft, in den Arbeitsraum gesogen und durch und einen Auslass 7 aus diesem ausgestossen. Zwei an ihrem Mantel in bekannter Weise mit ineinandergreifenden schraubenförmigen Profilen versehene Roto- ren 8, 9 sind drehbar im Arbeitsraum angeordnet. Ein ausserhalb des Arbeitsraumes angeordnetes und durch eine Antriebsvorrichtung 11 angetriebenes Führungsgetriebe 10 sorgt dafür, dass die beiden Rotoren berührungsfrei in entgegengesetztem Drehsinn drehen. Die Rotoren 8 und 9 sind mit je zwei konventionellen Wälzlagern 12 und 13 in den Stirnwänden 3 bzw. 4 gelagert und gegen den Arbeitsraum 2 mit Dichtungen 14 und 15 abgedichtet. Die sich bei dieser Anordnung ergebende Stützweite ist in Figur 1 mit L1 bezeichnet.Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a displacement machine according to the prior art, which is intended for use as a pump. A working space 2 is formed in a housing 1 and is separated by two end faces. walls 3, 4 and a coat 5 is limited. The working medium, for example air, is drawn into the working space via an inlet 6 and ejected through and through an outlet 7. Two rotors 8, 9, which are provided on their sheath in a known manner with interlocking screw-shaped profiles, are rotatably arranged in the work area. A guide gear 10, which is arranged outside the working area and driven by a drive device 11, ensures that the two rotors rotate in the opposite direction without contact. The rotors 8 and 9 are each supported by two conventional roller bearings 12 and 13 in the end walls 3 and 4 and sealed against the working space 2 with seals 14 and 15. The span that results from this arrangement is denoted by L1 in FIG.
Bei der erfindungsgemässen Verdrängermaschine, von der ein Ausführungsbeispiel in Figur 2 dargestellt ist, sind die Rotoren 8 und 9 durch Wälzlager 16 und 17 im Arbeitsraum 2 gelagert. Dadurch, dass diese Wälzla- ger aus Keramikwerkstoffen ausgeführt sind, die ohne Schmierung bzw. mit Schmierung lediglich durch das Arbeitsmedium eine hohe Lebensdauer erreichen, kann auf die in Figur 1 dargestellten Dichtungen 14 und 15 verzichtet werden. Die Rotoren sind somit im Arbeitsraum gelagert, wodurch sich die gegenüber dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Stand der Technik wesentlich geringere Stützweite L2 ergibt. Der Arbeitsraum 2 braucht nur auf der Seite des Führungsgetriebes 10 abgedichtet zu werden, was im vorliegenden Beispiel durch die auf der vom Arbeitsraum abgewandten Seite des Lagers 17 angeordnete dynamische Dichtung 18 erfolgt. In the case of the displacement machine according to the invention, an exemplary embodiment of which is shown in FIG. 2, the rotors 8 and 9 are supported in the working space 2 by roller bearings 16 and 17. The fact that these roller bearings are made of ceramic materials that achieve a long service life without lubrication or with lubrication only through the working medium means that the seals 14 and 15 shown in FIG. 1 can be dispensed with. The rotors are thus mounted in the working space, which results in the span L2 which is considerably smaller than in the prior art shown in FIG. The work space 2 only needs to be sealed on the side of the guide gear 10, which in the present example is achieved by the dynamic seal 18 arranged on the side of the bearing 17 facing away from the work space.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verdrängermaschine, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Pumpe, mit einem in einem Gehäuse (1 ) gebildeten Arbeitsraum (2), der durch zwei Stirnwände (3, 4) und einen Mantel (5) begrenzt ist und über einen Einlass (6) und einen Auslass (7) für ein Arbeitsmedium zugänglich ist sowie mit mindestens einem im Gehäuse beweglich angeordneten, den Arbeitsraum unterteilenden Rotor (8) und mit einem Führungsgetriebe (10) zur Rotorsteuerung und einer ausserhalb des Arbeitsraumes befindlichen Antriebsvorrichtung (11 ), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rotor bzw. die Rotoren zumindest teilweise innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes gelagert ist bzw. sind und dass das innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes angeordnete Lager bzw. die innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes angeordneten Lager (16, 17) für das Arbeitsmedium zugänglich und als Wälzlager aus Keramikwerkstoffen ausgeführt ist bzw. sind, wodurch ein schmiermittelfreier Betrieb der Verdrängermaschine möglich ist.1. displacement machine, in particular for use as a pump, with a working space (2) formed in a housing (1), which is delimited by two end walls (3, 4) and a jacket (5) and via an inlet (6) and one Outlet (7) is accessible to a working medium as well as with at least one rotor (8) movably arranged in the housing, dividing the working area and with a guide gear (10) for rotor control and a drive device (11) located outside the working area, characterized in that the The rotor or the rotors is or are at least partially supported within the working space and that the bearing or the bearings (16, 17) arranged within the working space are accessible to the working medium and are or are designed as roller bearings made of ceramic materials , which enables lubricant-free operation of the displacement machine.
2. Verdrängermaschine nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Gehäuse (1 ) zwei parallelachsige, im Ausseneingriff miteinander kämmende Rotoren (8, 9) drehbar gelagert sind und dass jeder Rotor ein einseitig durch eine Bohrung in der ersten Strinwand (3) herausgeführtes Wellenende mit dynamischer Abdichtung aufweist und an der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite durch ein keramisches Wälzlager (16) gestützt ist, welches innen an der zweiten, als Blinddeckel ausgeführten Stirnwand (4) befestigt und vom Arbeitsraum durch eine reibungsfreie Labyrinthdichtung geschützt oder frei zugänglich ist.2. displacement machine according to claim 1, characterized in that in the housing (1) two parallel-axis, intermeshing rotors (8, 9) are rotatably mounted and that each rotor has a shaft end on one side through a bore in the first string wall (3) has a dynamic seal and is supported on the opposite end by a ceramic roller bearing (16), which is fastened on the inside to the second end wall (4), which is designed as a blind cover and is protected from the work area by a friction-free labyrinth seal or is freely accessible.
3. Verdrängermaschine nach Anspruch 2 zur Verwendung als Vakuumpumpe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rotorgeometrien schraubenför- mig oder schraubenähnlich ausgebildet sind und die Maschine somit mit vorwiegend axialer Förderrichtung arbeitet, und dass der Einlass (6) in der Nähe der keramischen Wälzlager (12) an der Blinddeckel-Stirnwand (4) und der Auslass (7) an der Wellenenden-Seite vorgesehen ist.3. Displacement machine according to claim 2 for use as a vacuum pump, characterized in that the rotor geometries are screw-shaped or screw-like and the machine thus works with a predominantly axial conveying direction, and that the inlet (6) in the vicinity of the ceramic roller bearings (12) on the blind cover end wall (4) and the outlet (7) on the shaft end side.
4. Verdrängermaschine nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass die Rotorlagerungen (17) an der Stirnwand (3) mit den Wellen- durchführungen ebenfalls durch innenliegende Keramik-Wälzlager gebildet sind. 4. Displacement machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the rotor bearings (17) on the end wall (3) with the shaft bushings are also formed by internal ceramic roller bearings.
EP99910073A 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine Expired - Lifetime EP1073845B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99910073A EP1073845B1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine
SI9930095T SI1073845T1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98810350 1998-04-21
EP98810350A EP0952351A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1998-04-21 Volumetric machine
EP99910073A EP1073845B1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine
PCT/CH1999/000137 WO1999054627A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1073845A1 true EP1073845A1 (en) 2001-02-07
EP1073845B1 EP1073845B1 (en) 2002-07-10

Family

ID=8236048

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EP98810350A Withdrawn EP0952351A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1998-04-21 Volumetric machine
EP99910073A Expired - Lifetime EP1073845B1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine

Family Applications Before (1)

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EP98810350A Withdrawn EP0952351A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1998-04-21 Volumetric machine

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US (1) US6354823B1 (en)
EP (2) EP0952351A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002512345A (en)
KR (1) KR100681477B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1095040C (en)
AT (1) ATE220448T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2918999A (en)
CA (1) CA2328718C (en)
DE (1) DE59901994D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1073845T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2182495T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1037020A1 (en)
PT (1) PT1073845E (en)
SI (1) SI1073845T1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999054627A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0952351A1 (en) 1999-10-27
CA2328718A1 (en) 1999-10-28
CN1298474A (en) 2001-06-06
JP2002512345A (en) 2002-04-23
ES2182495T3 (en) 2003-03-01
DE59901994D1 (en) 2002-08-14
US6354823B1 (en) 2002-03-12
KR20010042719A (en) 2001-05-25
HK1037020A1 (en) 2002-01-25
DK1073845T3 (en) 2002-09-23
WO1999054627A1 (en) 1999-10-28
AU2918999A (en) 1999-11-08
CA2328718C (en) 2008-02-19
EP1073845B1 (en) 2002-07-10
SI1073845T1 (en) 2002-10-31
CN1095040C (en) 2002-11-27
PT1073845E (en) 2002-11-29
KR100681477B1 (en) 2007-02-09
ATE220448T1 (en) 2002-07-15

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