EP1072711A1 - Reinforcement textile laminate - Google Patents

Reinforcement textile laminate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1072711A1
EP1072711A1 EP00420151A EP00420151A EP1072711A1 EP 1072711 A1 EP1072711 A1 EP 1072711A1 EP 00420151 A EP00420151 A EP 00420151A EP 00420151 A EP00420151 A EP 00420151A EP 1072711 A1 EP1072711 A1 EP 1072711A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threads
reinforcement
reinforcement according
component
tex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP00420151A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thierry Klethi
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Mermet SA
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Mermet SA
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Publication of EP1072711A1 publication Critical patent/EP1072711A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
    • D03D15/267—Glass
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/49—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads textured; curled; crimped
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
    • D10B2101/06—Glass
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
    • D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a complex textile reinforcement.
  • This reinforcement is more particularly intended for the reinforcement of beams, profiles or panels and is intended to be glued to them.
  • the profile, the beam or the panel can be made of various materials such as for example metal, wood, synthetic material, etc.
  • the bonding of the reinforcement on the structure to be reinforced is done for example using an epoxy resin.
  • Such a complex material comprising two layers of fabric and a polyester veil is expensive to make. Indeed, it takes several manufacturing operations to make each layer of the material complex. It is then necessary to juxtapose these different layers and link them one to the other. In addition, the different layers are sometimes natures different and can therefore interact. In some cases, you may have delamination of the complex material.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a reinforcement textile intended to be glued to a structure in order to reinforce it.
  • the goal of the invention is then to provide a reinforcement whose cost is decreased compared to reinforcements of the prior art comprising a veil of polyester.
  • the reinforcement according to the invention must have the mechanical characteristics sought by the user.
  • the reinforcement it offers is a textile reinforcement complex comprising a layer of threads and intended to be bonded to a structure to be strengthened.
  • this reinforcement has on its face intended to be bonded composite bulky yarn, one of the components of these yarns allowing to give a mechanical resistance and another component having compatibility with the adhesive used to ensure the bonding of the textile on the structure to be reinforced.
  • This structure of the textile reinforcing layer has many advantages. First, it removes the presence an interface veil present in the reinforcement fabrics of the prior art. This reduces manufacturing costs on the one hand because saves raw material and secondly because the process of manufacturing, with equal performance, is simpler to carry out because of the deletion of a layer.
  • the volumized wires allow a good hooking of the reinforcing textile on the structure to be reinforced. They form a reservoir of sticks in the same way as an intermediate veil of the prior art. However, when the structure is subjected to high stresses, one no longer observes the delamination phenomenon that existed with the sails of prior art. The intimate contact between the material allowing to realize good adhesion and the reinforcing fibers avoids this phenomenon. So we have a better reinforced structure.
  • the component allowing to give a mechanical resistance is preferably chosen in all materials including glass, carbon and aramid.
  • Aramid fibers are for example those known under the brand Kevlar registered.
  • the component with compatibility with the adhesive is by example of polyester. This material is already used in interface sails of the prior art.
  • the reinforcement according to the invention can be woven.
  • Weft threads are for example two-component voluminized yarns while the chain son are for example silion son.
  • the two-component bulky yarns used are preferably textured yarns obtained by simultaneous texturing of a roving yarn and a polyester thread. Other production methods can be used to give volume to the wires. Similarly, it is possible to use at the base other yarns than rovings yarns and polyester yarns.
  • the reinforcement is woven and has a surface mass of between 40 and 600 g / m 2
  • the warp threads are glass, carbon or aramid threads, the title of which varies between 22 to 272 tex and the weft yarns have a count between 80 to 3,600 tex and are two-component textured yarns obtained by texturing a roving glass, carbon or aramid yarn from 68 to 2,400 tex and a polyester yarn from 6 to 1,200 tex.
  • the reinforcement according to the invention can be produced in a single layer. However, to meet certain specifications, it advantageously comprises a second reinforcing layer.
  • the second reinforcing layer is for example consisting of a sheet of rovings son arranged parallel to each other others. These wires could for example be at right angles to the wires of the first layer of reinforcement. Another orientation may also be chosen.
  • the two layers are advantageously assembled by a binding made using a synthetic thread. This binding can be made by sewing, knitting, etc. We can also consider tying by collage. This binding operation can be carried out at the same time as a weaving operation. It is then possible in a single operation to weave a layer of reinforcement and assemble it with a second layer.
  • the drawing represents a particular embodiment of a complex reinforcing textile according to the invention. It is a textile comprising on the one hand a layer of fabric 2 and on the other hand a sheet 4 of rovings sons. The layer of fabric 2 and the layer of threads 4 are connected to using a tying thread 6.
  • the fabric layer has warp threads 8 and frame 10.
  • the chain son are for example made using fibers of glass and are silionne threads of 34 tex.
  • the weft threads 10 are two-component and textured threads obtained by simultaneous texturing of a roving glass yarn of 200 tex and a polyester thread of 110 tex. This gives a textured glass / polyester yarn 350 tex.
  • FIG. 1 represents a weaving in which the weft thread passes successively under a warp thread then on a warp thread, etc. We can of course have a different weaving.
  • the warp threads are preferably fairly spaced from each other. Their main function is to ensure cohesion between the weft threads.
  • the sheet 4 of rovings son consists of rovings son of 1200 tex arranged one beside the other to form a sheet of a surface mass of 720 g / m 2 . These rovings son extend in the same direction as the warp son of the fabric layer 2.
  • the layer of fabric 2 and the sheet 4 of rovings are assembled by binding. This binding operation can be carried out at the same time time for weaving the fabric layer 2.
  • the textile thus obtained can be glued to a beam to be reinforced.
  • the fabric layer 2 is then on the side of the reinforced beam.
  • the sons of textured weft 10 then serve as a glue tank for bonding by their structure and thanks to the presence of polyester allow to realize good adhesion. Texturing allows good hooking of the reinforcement on the beam.
  • the intimate bond between polyester and the reinforcing fibers used to make the weft threads 10 allows avoid the delamination problems that can be encountered with reinforcing textiles of the prior art which include a non-woven veil in polyester to interface between the structure to be reinforced and the fibers of reinforcement.
  • the essential in the invention is the presence of a volumized wire, that is to say a wire which has been given swelling, comprising on the one hand fibers making it possible to produce a good adhesion to bonding and secondly reinforcing fibers.
  • the sons used are not necessarily woven threads. A single layer of these wires may be sufficient if, for example, mechanical resistance is desired unidirectional.
  • Bulky yarns can be textured or can be obtained by any other method allowing volume to be given to a wire.
  • the polyester fibers used allow good adhesion for a bonding using epoxy resin. Another material could be considered for the use of other adhesives.
  • the reinforcing fibers can be glass, carbon, aramid (also known under the brand name Kevlar), etc. he is also possible in the same textile to use more of these fibers, for example use a mixture of glass fibers and carbon fibers.
  • the layer represented as being an upper layer could have a surface mass of for example between 300 and 1500 g / m 2 .
  • the rovings yarns used to make the ply of yarns could have a titer between 200 and 4800 tex.
  • the fabric layer, shown in the drawing as being the lower layer may for example have a surface mass of between 40 and 600 g / m 2 .
  • the chain thread can have a titer varying between 22 to 272 tex.
  • the weft yarn it can be made from a roving glass yarn from 68 to 2400 tex and a synthetic yarn from 6 to 1200 tex. A two-component yarn with a title of between approximately 80 and 3600 tex is then obtained.
  • the binding yarn used for assembling the layer of rovings yarns and the layer of fabric is for example a synthetic yarn representing a mass of 15 to 100 g / m 2 .

Abstract

A reinforced textile has a reinforcing fabric adhered to a layer of relatively large composite fibres. The fabric has mechanically strong fibres and fibres compatible with the adhesive. The composite fibres may have a roving around a core of different material. A second reinforcement fabric may have parallel rovings.

Description

La présente invention concerne un renfort textile complexe. Ce renfort est plus particulièrement destiné au renforcement de poutres, de profilés ou de panneaux et est destiné à être collé sur ceux-ci. Le profilé, la poutre ou le panneau peut être réalisé en divers matériaux tels par exemple un métal, du bois, une matière synthétique, etc. Le collage du renfort sur la structure à renforcer se fait par exemple à l'aide d'une résine époxy.The present invention relates to a complex textile reinforcement. This reinforcement is more particularly intended for the reinforcement of beams, profiles or panels and is intended to be glued to them. The profile, the beam or the panel can be made of various materials such as for example metal, wood, synthetic material, etc. The bonding of the reinforcement on the structure to be reinforced is done for example using an epoxy resin.

Il est déjà connu d'utiliser des tissus de renfort pour matériaux composites. Ainsi on connaít par exemple des tissus rovings classiques comportant une chaíne et une trame dans différentes armures. Il est également connu d'utiliser des tissus mixtes rovings/mat où l'assemblage par couture de ces deux types de renfort permet une réduction des coûts de main d'oeuvre lors de la réalisation d'une pièce. Lorsque de bonnes caractéristiques mécaniques sont nécessaires dans plusieurs directions, on utilise un tissu de renfort multiaxial. Par opposition à ce dernier, on utilise également des tissus unidirectionnels lorsque la résistance mécanique n'est nécessaire que dans une seule direction.It is already known to use reinforcement fabrics for materials composites. So we know for example classic rovings fabrics comprising a chain and a weft in different armor. It is also known to use mixed rovings / mat fabrics where the assembly by sewing these two types of reinforcement allows cost reduction of labor when making a part. When good mechanical characteristics are necessary in several directions, uses multiaxial reinforcement fabric. In contrast to the latter, we use also unidirectional fabrics when mechanical strength is not necessary only in one direction.

Lorsque plusieurs caractéristiques distinctes sont recherchées, il est alors connu d'assembler plusieurs matériaux dont chacun d'eux présente une des caractéristiques recherchées afin d'obtenir un ensemble complexe qui combine les propriétés de chacun de ces constituants. On peut ainsi par exemple associer un tissu ayant de bonnes caractéristiques mécaniques dans une direction (sa direction de chaíne par exemple) avec un second tissu qui aura des propriétés plus spécifiques dans une autre direction. Pour favoriser un bon collage de ces deux tissus, on peut rajouter un troisième matériau, non tissé par exemple, qui a alors un rôle d'interface entre le tissu de renfort et la structure à renforcer. Ce troisième matériau est par exemple un voile non tissé en polyester qui forme également un réservoir pour la résine de collage.When several distinct characteristics are sought, it is then known to assemble several materials, each of which has one of the characteristics sought in order to obtain a set complex that combines the properties of each of these constituents. We can for example combine a fabric with good characteristics mechanical in one direction (its chain direction for example) with a second fabric which will have more specific properties in another direction. To promote good bonding of these two fabrics, we can add a third material, nonwoven for example, which then acts as an interface between the reinforcement fabric and the structure to be reinforced. This third material is for example a polyester nonwoven veil which also forms a tank for bonding resin.

Un tel matériau complexe comportant deux couches de tissu et un voile de polyester est cher à réaliser. En effet, il faut plusieurs opérations de fabrication pour réaliser chacune des couches du matériau complexe. Il faut ensuite juxtaposer ces différentes couches et les lier l'une à l'autre. De plus, les différentes couches sont parfois de natures différentes et peuvent de ce fait interagir. Dans certains cas, on peut avoir un délaminage du matériau complexe.Such a complex material comprising two layers of fabric and a polyester veil is expensive to make. Indeed, it takes several manufacturing operations to make each layer of the material complex. It is then necessary to juxtapose these different layers and link them one to the other. In addition, the different layers are sometimes natures different and can therefore interact. In some cases, you may have delamination of the complex material.

La présente invention concerne plus particulièrement un renfort textile destiné à être collé sur une structure en vue de la renforcer. Le but de l'invention est alors de fournir un renfort dont le coût de revient est diminué par rapport aux renforts de l'art antérieur comportant un voile de polyester. Bien entendu, le renfort selon l'invention devra présenter les caractéristiques mécaniques recherchées par l'utilisateur.The present invention relates more particularly to a reinforcement textile intended to be glued to a structure in order to reinforce it. The goal of the invention is then to provide a reinforcement whose cost is decreased compared to reinforcements of the prior art comprising a veil of polyester. Of course, the reinforcement according to the invention must have the mechanical characteristics sought by the user.

A cet effet, le renfort qu'elle propose est un renfort textile complexe comportant une nappe de fils et destiné à être collé sur une structure à renforcer.To this end, the reinforcement it offers is a textile reinforcement complex comprising a layer of threads and intended to be bonded to a structure to be strengthened.

Selon l'invention, ce renfort comporte sur sa face destinée à être collée des fils voluminisés composites, l'un des composants de ces fils permettant de donner une résistance mécanique et un autre composant présentant une compatibilité avec la colle utilisée pour assurer le collage du textile sur la structure à renforcer.According to the invention, this reinforcement has on its face intended to be bonded composite bulky yarn, one of the components of these yarns allowing to give a mechanical resistance and another component having compatibility with the adhesive used to ensure the bonding of the textile on the structure to be reinforced.

Cette structure de la couche de renfort textile présente de nombreux avantages. Tout d'abord, elle permet de supprimer la présence d'un voile interface présent dans les tissus de renforts de l'art antérieur. Ceci permet de diminuer les coûts de fabrication d'une part car on économise de la matière première et d'autre part car le procédé de fabrication, à performances égales, est plus simple à réaliser du fait de la suppression d'une couche.This structure of the textile reinforcing layer has many advantages. First, it removes the presence an interface veil present in the reinforcement fabrics of the prior art. This reduces manufacturing costs on the one hand because saves raw material and secondly because the process of manufacturing, with equal performance, is simpler to carry out because of the deletion of a layer.

Les fils voluminisés permettent de réaliser un bon accrochage du textile de renfort sur la structure à renforcer. Ils forment un réservoir de colle de la même manière qu'un voile intermédiaire de l'art antérieur. Toutefois, lorsque la structure est soumise à des contraintes élevées, on n'observe plus le phénomène de délaminage qui existait avec les voiles de l'art antérieur. Le contact intime entre le matériau permettant de réaliser une bonne adhérence et les fibres de renfort permet d'éviter ce phénomène. On a donc une structure mieux renforcée.The volumized wires allow a good hooking of the reinforcing textile on the structure to be reinforced. They form a reservoir of sticks in the same way as an intermediate veil of the prior art. However, when the structure is subjected to high stresses, one no longer observes the delamination phenomenon that existed with the sails of prior art. The intimate contact between the material allowing to realize good adhesion and the reinforcing fibers avoids this phenomenon. So we have a better reinforced structure.

Pour obtenir une bonne résistance mécanique, le composant permettant de donner une résistance mécanique est choisi de préférence dans l'ensemble des matériaux comportant le verre, le carbone et l'aramide. Les fibres en aramide sont par exemple celles connues sous la marque déposée Kevlar.To obtain good mechanical resistance, the component allowing to give a mechanical resistance is preferably chosen in all materials including glass, carbon and aramid. Aramid fibers are for example those known under the brand Kevlar registered.

Le composant présentant une compatibilité avec la colle est par exemple du polyester. Ce matériau est déjà utilisé dans les voiles interfaces de l'art antérieur. The component with compatibility with the adhesive is by example of polyester. This material is already used in interface sails of the prior art.

Le renfort selon l'invention peut être tissé. Les fils de trame sont alors par exemple des fils voluminisés bi-composants tandis que les fils de chaíne sont par exemple des fils silionnes.The reinforcement according to the invention can be woven. Weft threads are for example two-component voluminized yarns while the chain son are for example silion son.

Les fils voluminisés bi-composants utilisés sont de préférence des fils texturés obtenus par texturation simultanée d'un fil roving et d'un fil polyester. D'autres procédés de réalisation peuvent être utilisés pour donner du volume aux fils. De même, il est possible d'utiliser à la base d'autres fils que des fils rovings et des fils polyester.The two-component bulky yarns used are preferably textured yarns obtained by simultaneous texturing of a roving yarn and a polyester thread. Other production methods can be used to give volume to the wires. Similarly, it is possible to use at the base other yarns than rovings yarns and polyester yarns.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférentielle, le renfort est tissé et présente une masse surfacique comprise entre 40 et 600 g/m2, les fils de chaíne sont des fils de verre, de carbone ou d'aramide dont le titre varie entre 22 à 272 tex et les fils de trame présentent un titre compris entre 80 à 3 600 tex et sont des fils texturés bi-composants obtenus par texturation d'un fil roving de verre, carbone ou aramide de 68 à 2 400 tex et d'un fil polyester de 6 à 1 200 tex.In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement is woven and has a surface mass of between 40 and 600 g / m 2 , the warp threads are glass, carbon or aramid threads, the title of which varies between 22 to 272 tex and the weft yarns have a count between 80 to 3,600 tex and are two-component textured yarns obtained by texturing a roving glass, carbon or aramid yarn from 68 to 2,400 tex and a polyester yarn from 6 to 1,200 tex.

Le renfort selon l'invention peut être réalisé en une seule couche. Toutefois, pour répondre à certains cahiers des charges, il comporte avantageusement une seconde couche de renfort.The reinforcement according to the invention can be produced in a single layer. However, to meet certain specifications, it advantageously comprises a second reinforcing layer.

Dans ce cas, la seconde couche de renfort est par exemple constituée d'une nappe de fils rovings disposés parallèlement les uns à côté des autres. Ces fils pourront être par exemple à angle droit avec les fils voluminisés de la première couche du renfort. Une autre orientation pourra également être choisie. Les deux couches sont avantageusement assemblées par un liage réalisé à l'aide d'un fil synthétique. Ce liage peut être réalisé par couture, tricotage, etc. On peut aussi envisager un liage par collage. Cette opération de liage peut être réalisée en même temps qu'une opération de tissage. Il est alors possible en une seule opération de tisser une couche du renfort et de l'assembler à une seconde couche.In this case, the second reinforcing layer is for example consisting of a sheet of rovings son arranged parallel to each other others. These wires could for example be at right angles to the wires of the first layer of reinforcement. Another orientation may also be chosen. The two layers are advantageously assembled by a binding made using a synthetic thread. This binding can be made by sewing, knitting, etc. We can also consider tying by collage. This binding operation can be carried out at the same time as a weaving operation. It is then possible in a single operation to weave a layer of reinforcement and assemble it with a second layer.

De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé, représentant à titre d'exemple non limitatif un exemple de réalisation d'un tissu complexe de renfort selon l'invention.

  • Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un morceau de tissu selon l'invention, et
  • Figure 2 est une vue en coupe de ce morceau de tissu.
    • In any case, the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing, representing by way of nonlimiting example an embodiment of a complex reinforcing fabric according to the invention .
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a piece of fabric according to the invention, and
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of this piece of fabric.

    • Le dessin représente un mode de réalisation particulier d'un textile complexe de renfort selon l'invention. Il s'agit d'un textile comprenant d'une part une couche de tissu 2 et d'autre part une nappe 4 de fils rovings. La couche de tissu 2 et la nappe de fils 4 sont reliées à l'aide d'un fil de liage 6.The drawing represents a particular embodiment of a complex reinforcing textile according to the invention. It is a textile comprising on the one hand a layer of fabric 2 and on the other hand a sheet 4 of rovings sons. The layer of fabric 2 and the layer of threads 4 are connected to using a tying thread 6.

    La couche de tissu comporte des fils de chaíne 8 et des fils de trame 10.The fabric layer has warp threads 8 and frame 10.

    Les fils de chaíne sont par exemple réalisés à l'aide de fibres de verre et sont des fils silionne de 34 tex.The chain son are for example made using fibers of glass and are silionne threads of 34 tex.

    Les fils de trame 10 sont des fils bi-composants et texturés obtenus par texturation simultanée d'un fil roving de verre de 200 tex et d'un fil polyester de 110 tex. On obtient ainsi un fil verre/polyester texturé de 350 tex.The weft threads 10 are two-component and textured threads obtained by simultaneous texturing of a roving glass yarn of 200 tex and a polyester thread of 110 tex. This gives a textured glass / polyester yarn 350 tex.

    Ces fils de trame 10 sont tissés avec les fils de chaíne 8 et le tissu obtenu a une masse surfacique d'environ 80 g/m2. La figure 1 représente un tissage dans lequel le fil de trame passe successivement sous un fil de chaíne puis sur un fil de chaíne, etc. On peut bien entendu avoir un tissage différent. Les fils de chaíne sont de préférence assez espacés les uns des autres. Leur fonction principale est d'assurer la cohésion entre les fils de trame.These weft threads 10 are woven with the warp threads 8 and the fabric obtained has a surface mass of approximately 80 g / m 2 . FIG. 1 represents a weaving in which the weft thread passes successively under a warp thread then on a warp thread, etc. We can of course have a different weaving. The warp threads are preferably fairly spaced from each other. Their main function is to ensure cohesion between the weft threads.

    La nappe 4 de fils rovings est constituée de fils rovings de 1200 tex disposés les uns à côtés des autres pour former une nappe d'une masse surfacique de 720 g/m2. Ces fils rovings s'étendent dans la même direction que les fils de chaíne de la couche de tissu 2.The sheet 4 of rovings son consists of rovings son of 1200 tex arranged one beside the other to form a sheet of a surface mass of 720 g / m 2 . These rovings son extend in the same direction as the warp son of the fabric layer 2.

    La couche de tissu 2 et la nappe 4 de fils rovings sont assemblées par liage. Cette opération de liage peut être réalisée en même temps que le tissage de la couche de tissu 2.The layer of fabric 2 and the sheet 4 of rovings are assembled by binding. This binding operation can be carried out at the same time time for weaving the fabric layer 2.

    Le textile ainsi obtenu peut être collé sur une poutre à renforcer. La couche de tissu 2 se trouve alors du côté de la poutre renforcée. Les fils de trame 10 texturés servent alors de réservoir de colle pour le collage de par leur structure et grâce à la présence de polyester permettent de réaliser une bonne adhérence. La texturation permet quant à elle un bon accrochage du renfort sur la poutre. La liaison intime entre le polyester et les fibres de renfort utilisés pour réaliser les fils de trame 10 permet d'éviter les problèmes de délaminage que l'on peut rencontrer avec les textiles de renfort de l'art antérieur qui comportent un voile non tissé en polyester pour faire l'interface entre la structure à renforcer et les fibres de renfort.The textile thus obtained can be glued to a beam to be reinforced. The fabric layer 2 is then on the side of the reinforced beam. The sons of textured weft 10 then serve as a glue tank for bonding by their structure and thanks to the presence of polyester allow to realize good adhesion. Texturing allows good hooking of the reinforcement on the beam. The intimate bond between polyester and the reinforcing fibers used to make the weft threads 10 allows avoid the delamination problems that can be encountered with reinforcing textiles of the prior art which include a non-woven veil in polyester to interface between the structure to be reinforced and the fibers of reinforcement.

    La suppression de ce voile interface dans la présente invention permet, à résistance mécanique équivalente, d'avoir un textile plus léger qu'un textile de l'art antérieur.The removal of this interface veil in the present invention allows, with equivalent mechanical resistance, to have a lighter textile than a textile of the prior art.

    Les données numériques et les indications de matériaux données ci-dessus le sont à titre d'exemples. L'essentiel dans l'invention est la présence d'un fil voluminisé, c'est à dire un fil auquel on a donné du gonflant, comportant d'une part des fibres permettant de réaliser une bonne adhérence au collage et d'autre part des fibres de renfort. Les fils utilisés ne sont pas forcément des fils tissés. Une seule couche de ces fils peut suffire si l'on souhaite par exemple une résistance mécanique unidirectionnelle.Numerical data and material indications given above are examples. The essential in the invention is the presence of a volumized wire, that is to say a wire which has been given swelling, comprising on the one hand fibers making it possible to produce a good adhesion to bonding and secondly reinforcing fibers. The sons used are not necessarily woven threads. A single layer of these wires may be sufficient if, for example, mechanical resistance is desired unidirectional.

    Les fils voluminisés peuvent être texturés ou peuvent être obtenus par toute autre méthode permettant de donner du volume à un fil. Les fibres de polyester utilisées permettent une bonne adhérence pour un collage à l'aide d'une résine époxy. Un autre matériau pourrait être envisagé pour l'utilisation d'autres colles.Bulky yarns can be textured or can be obtained by any other method allowing volume to be given to a wire. The polyester fibers used allow good adhesion for a bonding using epoxy resin. Another material could be considered for the use of other adhesives.

    Les fibres de renfort peuvent être en verre, carbone, aramide (connu aussi sous le nom de la marque Kevlar), etc. Il est également envisageable dans un même textile d'utiliser plusieurs de ces fibres, par exemple utiliser un mélange de fibres de verre et de fibres de carbone.The reinforcing fibers can be glass, carbon, aramid (also known under the brand name Kevlar), etc. he is also possible in the same textile to use more of these fibers, for example use a mixture of glass fibers and carbon fibers.

    Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté au dessin, on pourrait par exemple avoir d'autres données numériques. La couche représentée comme étant une couche supérieure pourrait avoir une masse surfacique comprise par exemple entre 300 et 1500 g/m2. Les fils rovings utilisés pour réaliser la nappe de fils pourrait avoir un titre compris entre 200 et 4800 tex. La couche de tissu, représentée au dessin comme étant la couche inférieure, peut par exemple présenter une masse surfacique comprise entre 40 et 600 g/m2. Le fil de chaíne peut présenter un titre variant entre 22 à 272 tex. Quant au fil de trame, il peut être réalisé à partir d'un fil roving de verre de 68 à 2400 tex et d'un fil synthétique de 6 à 1200 tex. On obtient alors un fil bi-composant de titre compris entre environ 80 et 3600 tex. In the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, one could for example have other digital data. The layer represented as being an upper layer could have a surface mass of for example between 300 and 1500 g / m 2 . The rovings yarns used to make the ply of yarns could have a titer between 200 and 4800 tex. The fabric layer, shown in the drawing as being the lower layer, may for example have a surface mass of between 40 and 600 g / m 2 . The chain thread can have a titer varying between 22 to 272 tex. As for the weft yarn, it can be made from a roving glass yarn from 68 to 2400 tex and a synthetic yarn from 6 to 1200 tex. A two-component yarn with a title of between approximately 80 and 3600 tex is then obtained.

    Le fil de liage utilisé pour l'assemblage de la nappe de fils rovings et de la couche de tissu est par exemple un fil synthétique représentant une masse de 15 à 100 g/m2..The binding yarn used for assembling the layer of rovings yarns and the layer of fabric is for example a synthetic yarn representing a mass of 15 to 100 g / m 2 .

    Les exemples ci-dessus considèrent que l'on a une ou deux couches de matière textile, tissée ou non tissée. Suivant les caractéristiques requises pour le textile complexe de renfort, on pourra bien entendu avoir un nombre de couches de matière textile supérieur à deux. La nature des fibres utilisées, leur disposition spatiale et la structure des fils dépendra des caractéristiques mécaniques requises par le complexe de renfort.The examples above consider that we have one or two layers of textile material, woven or nonwoven. Following the characteristics required for complex reinforcing textiles, understood to have a number of layers of textile material greater than two. The nature of the fibers used, their spatial arrangement and the structure of the threads will depend on the mechanical characteristics required by the complex reinforcement.

    Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas aux exemples donnés ci-dessus ; elle embrasse au contraire toutes les variantes de réalisation dans le cadre des revendications ci-après.It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the examples given above; on the contrary it embraces all variants of realization within the framework of the claims below.

    Claims (10)

    Renfort textile complexe comportant une nappe (2,4) de fils et destiné à être collé sur une structure à renforcer, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte sur sa face destinée à être collée des fils voluminisés (10) composites, l'un des composants de ces fils permettant de donner une résistance mécanique et un autre composant présentant une compatibilité avec la colle utilisée pour assurer le collage du textile sur la structure à renforcer.Complex textile reinforcement comprising a ply (2,4) of threads and intended to be glued to a structure to be reinforced, characterized in that it has on its face intended to be bonded volumized wires (10) composites, one of the components of these wires making it possible to give mechanical strength and another component with compatibility with the glue used to bond the textile to the structure to to reinforce. Renfort selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le composant permettant de donner une résistance mécanique est choisi dans l'ensemble des matériaux comportant le verre, le carbone et l'aramide.Reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that the component allowing to give a mechanical resistance is chosen in all materials including glass, carbon and aramid. Renfort selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le composant présentant une compatibilité avec la colle est du polyester.Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in what the component with compatibility with the glue is polyester. Renfort selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est tissé et en ce que les fils de trame (10) sont des fils voluminisés bi-composants.Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in what it is woven and that the weft threads (10) are threads two-component voluminized. Renfort selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il est tissé et en ce que les fils de chaíne (8) sont des fils silionnes.Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in what it is woven and in that the warp threads (8) are silion threads. Renfort selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les fils voluminisés (10) bi-composants utilisés sont des fils texturés obtenus par texturation simultanée d'un fil roving et d'un fil polyester.Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in what the two-component bulky yarns (10) used are textured yarns obtained by simultaneous texturing of a roving yarn and a polyester yarn. Renfort selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est tissé et présente une masse surfacique comprise entre 40 et 600 g/m2, en ce que les fils de chaíne (8) sont des fils de verre, de carbone ou d'aramide dont le titre varie entre 22 à 272 tex et en ce que les fils de trame (10) présentent un titre compris entre 80 à 3 600 tex et sont des fils texturés bi-composants obtenus par texturation d'un fil roving de verre, carbone ou aramide de 68 à 2 400 tex et d'un fil polyester de 6 à 1 200 tex.Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is woven and has a surface mass of between 40 and 600 g / m 2 , in that the warp threads (8) are glass threads, of carbon or aramid, the titer of which varies between 22 to 272 tex and in that the weft threads (10) have a titer of between 80 and 3,600 tex and are textured two-component threads obtained by texturing a glass, carbon or aramid roving yarn from 68 to 2,400 tex and a polyester yarn from 6 to 1,200 tex. Renfort selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une seconde couche (4) de renfort.Reinforcement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in which it comprises a second reinforcing layer (4). Renfort selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la seconde couche (4) de renfort est constituée d'une nappe de fils rovings disposés parallèlement les uns à côté des autres. Reinforcement according to claim 8, characterized in that the second reinforcement layer (4) consists of a layer of rovings arranged parallel next to each other. Renfort selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les deux couches (2,4) sont assemblées par un liage réalisé à l'aide d'un fil synthétique (6).Reinforcement according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the two layers (2,4) are joined by a bonding made at using a synthetic thread (6).
    EP00420151A 1999-07-28 2000-07-05 Reinforcement textile laminate Withdrawn EP1072711A1 (en)

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    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9909995A FR2796969B1 (en) 1999-07-28 1999-07-28 COMPLEX TEXTILE REINFORCEMENT
    FR9909995 1999-07-28

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    WO2023213577A1 (en) * 2022-05-04 2023-11-09 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Stabilized fabrics

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    EP1441052A2 (en) * 2003-01-21 2004-07-28 Chomarat Composites Unidirectionally reinforcing textile reinforcement, for taping on a mechanical structure that has to be reinforced
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    CN105980139B (en) * 2013-11-22 2018-04-27 奥斯龙-明士克公司 Unidirectional reinforcement, the method for preparing unidirectional reinforcement and application thereof
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    WO2023213577A1 (en) * 2022-05-04 2023-11-09 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Stabilized fabrics

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