EP1067822A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'élément chauffant pour appareil de chauffage ou cuisson, élément chauffant ainsi obtenu et appareils ainsi équipés - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication d'élément chauffant pour appareil de chauffage ou cuisson, élément chauffant ainsi obtenu et appareils ainsi équipés Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1067822A1 EP1067822A1 EP00450011A EP00450011A EP1067822A1 EP 1067822 A1 EP1067822 A1 EP 1067822A1 EP 00450011 A EP00450011 A EP 00450011A EP 00450011 A EP00450011 A EP 00450011A EP 1067822 A1 EP1067822 A1 EP 1067822A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- envelope
- heating
- element according
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
- H05B3/688—Fabrication of the plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of heating elements intended for radiant, convection or accumulation as well as cooking appliances such as for example grills.
- the object of the invention is to produce elements of the type comprising, on the one hand, a means generating heat, such as an electrical resistance enclosed in a metal sheath or other suitable material or a fluid coolant circulating in a suitable sheath and, on the other hand, a dissipator thermal closely associated with said heating means and more precisely propose a technique for manufacturing such elements making them more efficient heat transfers between heat source and dissipator.
- a means generating heat such as an electrical resistance enclosed in a metal sheath or other suitable material or a fluid coolant circulating in a suitable sheath
- a dissipator thermal closely associated with said heating means and more precisely propose a technique for manufacturing such elements making them more efficient heat transfers between heat source and dissipator.
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a heating element for heating or cooking appliance, of the type comprising a heat means associated with a heat sink, characterized in that it consists in placing in a mold a calorific means acting as core, said means as well as the internal wall of the mold being conformed to shapes and dimensions of the heating element to be produced, said heating means comprising at least one envelope of fusible material and to be poured into the molds a molten material made of a particularly ferrous alloy with melting temperature substantially equivalent to that of said envelope of the calorific means, this envelope having a thickness and an inertia sufficient thermal to allow surface fusion of the shell without damaging it.
- a heating element formed of a calorific means such that for example an electrical resistance enclosed in an envelope metallic or a tube of glass product under halogen, embedded in the mass of a ferrous alloy material such as gray cast iron, for example, melting surface of the envelope of the resistance to contact of said alloy during the molding, ensuring an intimate connection between the materials providing a optimal efficiency of heat transfers.
- a ferrous alloy material such as gray cast iron
- the calorific means can be constituted, in addition to the armored resistances or with a glass product envelope, by a heat transfer fluid circulating in a envelope in suitable material, or by combining in the same heating element from two different sources, for example a resistor shielded electrical system and a heat transfer fluid such as water.
- This element consists of a submerged shielded electrical resistance 1 in a plate 2 of ferrous alloy, provided with grooves 3 on its two faces.
- the plate 2 has a generally rectangular shape, has one side, in its four angles, studs 4 intended for fixing the heating element on the frame of the receiving device.
- the electrical resistance 1 which is for example a shielded resistance conventional comprising an electrical conductor embedded in compressed magnesia enclosed in a metal sheath or envelope, is arranged along a winding path in the thickness of the plate 2.
- Resistor 1 is shown alone and in solid lines in FIG. dashed, embedded in the plate 2 in Figure 1, the only ends 1a, 1b emerging from the plate in a large notch 5 formed in one of the longitudinal edges of said plate 2.
- Said ends 1a, 1b are opposite and reveal the stripped ends of the electrical resistance 6 for their connection to the the appliance's power supply circuit.
- Resistor 1 is curved and extends in a coincident plane (Figure 2) with the plane of symmetry of the plate 2.
- the plate 2 In line with the resistor 1, the plate 2 has a tubular bulge 7 corresponding to the resistance plot.
- the method of manufacturing the heating element 1-2 of FIG. 1, consists, in accordance with the invention, in conforming the resistance 1 as illustrated by Figure 1a and to provide the area of the ends 1a, 1b, with a core protector 8 covering said ends.
- This core 8 is for example made of sand, ceramic, polystyrene or any other suitable material. It is intended to protect ends 1a, 1b and delimit the notch 5 of the plate 2.
- the set 1.8 is then placed in a two-part mold M1, M2 ( Figure 2) whose internal wall is shaped according to the shape and dimensions of plate 2.
- Said set 1.8 can be fixed in position correct by all appropriate means, such as bonding for example.
- All 1,8 thus forms a core inside the mold M1, M2, which will be completely embedded in a liquid ferrous alloy in particular transported from preferably at the bottom of the mold by a conduit 9 (source pouring), the liquid gradually filling the entire mold by rising inside this last, vents being of course provided in the appropriate places.
- the ferrous alloy used for example gray cast iron, is chosen or determined so as to have a melting temperature close to that of the sheath or envelope of the resistance 1.
- the latter also has a minimum thickness and thermal inertia, so that the contact between the pouring liquid and said sheath or envelope only causes a fusion superficial of the "skin" of the sheath, without causing deterioration of this last.
- Said intimate connection between materials provides optimal efficiency to heat transfers between resistance 1 and plate 2 serving as heat sink or diffuser. This results in an increase longevity of the heating element, as well as the elimination of expansions differentials, noise sources and stresses, between resistance 1 and heatsink 2.
- the casting procedure must be carried out so as not to create resistance 1 sheath overheating zones inside the mold.
- the heating element (1, 2) of Figure 1 can equip various types electric heaters.
- Figures 4 and 5 illustrate an apparatus for radiant heating and a convective heater respectively, each incorporating a heating element (1, 2).
- Figure 6 schematically shows a heater convective type of accumulation, comprising three heating elements according to the invention, respectively 10, 11 and 12, formed of a plate arranged on the section and each wrapping an armored electrical resistance 1.
- the three plates 10, 11, 12 are placed in a baffle to constrain the air flow to lick the maximum surface of the plates which, moreover, present, on their opposite faces, vertical ribs 13 for air channeling.
- FIG. 7 represents a convective heating device comprising a cylindrical heating element consisting of an electrical resistance 1 in a helix embedded in a tubular dissipator 14 internally provided with vertical grooves 14 and externally covered with an insulating sleeve 16. The whole forms a heating chimney with natural (or forced) convection.
- Figure 8 shows a grill plate made up of an element heater comprising a shielded electrical resistance 1 embedded in a plate 17, for example of gray cast iron, provided with grooves 18 on its face superior.
- the heating elements (10,11,12; 1,14; 1,17) of figures 6 to 8 are produced in accordance with the method of the invention.
- the shapes and dimensions of resistance 1 and plate or the like (2, 10 to 12, 14, 17) forming heatsink are variable depending on the type of devices to be fitted.
- the emitting surface of the dissipator (grooved surface or ribbed) can undergo treatment to give it properties improved or specific thermal.
- this surface can be treated mechanically or chemically or coated with black, mat or reflective paint for him confer a state improving the heat exchanges by radiation or convection or favoring one mode of exchange over the other.
- the sheath coating material or envelope of resistance 1 Before casting the sheath coating material or envelope of resistance 1, it is possible to use a coating of said sheath or envelope, using a liquid or powder containing refractory or insulating products, in order to avoid attack by the alloy cast, reduce thermal shock to the resistance, adjust the melting temperature or change the thermal properties of the heat sink.
- Resistor 1 can be of another type than armored resistors traditional and for example be constituted by a filament under halogen enclosed in a glass, quartz or similar tube, the temperature of which fusion is close to that of the alloy which we plan to use.
- the metallic sheath of resistance 1 may optionally include diffusing fins.
- a heat transfer fluid such as water or another fluid, circulating in a metallic envelope embedded in a particularly ferrous alloy material in accordance with this invention.
- a heating element according to the invention can also consist of two separate heat sources of a different nature, for example a combination of an armored electrical resistance and a heat transfer fluid, envelopes from the two sources being either juxtaposed or integral with one of the other, the two envelopes possibly being part of the same monobloc assembly. These two envelopes are of course treated as a single envelope embedded in a cast material.
- the invention is obviously not limited to the embodiments represented and described above, but on the contrary covers all variants in particular with regard to the shapes and dimensions of the calorific means, of the dissipator constituted by the material poured around said calorific means.
- the heatsink surface can be coated with any material (enamel, teflon, paint) specific to the intended application, and / or present forms favoring heat exchange, such as spikes, fins, etc.
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un élément chauffant conforme à l'invention ;
- La figure 1a représente la seule résistance électrique de l'élément chauffant de la figure 1 ;
- La figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne II-II de l'élément chauffant de la figure 1 ;
- La figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne III-III de l'élément chauffant de la figure 1 ;
- La figure 4 est une vue schématique d'un appareil de chauffage rayonnant équipé d'un élément chauffant selon l'invention ;
- La figure 5 est une vue schématique d'un appareil de chauffage convectif équipé d'un élément chauffant selon l'invention ;
- La figure 6 est une vue schématique d'un appareil de chauffage convectif à accumulation équipé d'éléments chauffants selon l'invention ;
- La figure 7 est une vue schématique d'un appareil de chauffage convectif à accumulation équipé d'un élément chauffant selon l'invention, et
- La figure 8 est une vue schématique d'un grill électrique équipé d'un élément chauffant selon l'invention.
Claims (12)
- Procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant pour appareil de chauffage ou cuisson, du type comprenant un moyen calorifique associé à un dissipateur thermique, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à placer dans un moule (M1, M2) un moyen calorifique (1) faisant office de noyau, ledit moyen ainsi que la paroi interne du moule étant conformés aux formes et dimensions de l'élément chauffant à réaliser, ledit moyen calorifique (1) comportant au moins une enveloppe en matériau fusible et à couler dans le moule un matériau fondu constitué d'un alliage notamment ferreux à température de fusion sensiblement équivalente à celle de ladite enveloppe du moyen calorifique, cette enveloppe présentant une épaisseur et une inertie thermique suffisantes pour permettre une fusion superficielle de l'enveloppe sans la détériorer.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe du moyen calorifique, préalablement à la coulée, est soumise à un poteyage.
- Elément chauffant obtenu conformément au procédé de la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'un moyen calorifique (1) noyé dans une masse d'un alliage notamment ferreux, ledit moyen calorifique (1) comportant au moins une enveloppe dont la peau extérieure est fusionnée avec le matériau environnant, ladite masse formant dissipateur thermique (2).
- Elément chauffant suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen calorifique (1) est choisi dans le groupe comprenant les résistances électriques blindées, les résistances à halogène sous tube en produit verrier et les fluides caloporteurs circulant dans des enveloppes fusibles au moins superficiellement.
- Elément chauffant suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le moyen calorifique (1) comprend plusieurs résistances juxtaposées ou logées dans une enveloppe commune.
- Elément chauffant suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le moyen calorifique (1) comprend une résistance électrique et un fluide caloporteur, juxtaposés ou logés dans une enveloppe commune.
- Elément chauffant suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen calorifique (1) est noyé dans une fonte grise.
- Elément chauffant suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit dissipateur forme une plaque (2) plane ou non.
- Elément chauffant suivant la revendication 8 caractérisé en ce que ladite plaque (2, 10 à 12, 17) comporte sur au moins une face des cannelures, nervures ou analogues (3, 12, 15, 18).
- Elément chauffant suivant la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit dissipateur présente une forme cylindrique (14) et est cannelé intérieurement.
- Elément chauffant suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la surface du dissipateur est traitée mécaniquement, chimiquement, ou revêtue d'un matériau, en sorte d'améliorer les échanges thermiques ou de conférer des propriétés d'échange thermique particulières.
- Appareil de chauffage ou cuisson comportant au moins un élément chauffant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 11.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9909195 | 1999-07-09 | ||
| FR9909195A FR2796199B1 (fr) | 1999-07-09 | 1999-07-09 | Procede de fabrication d'element chauffant pour appareil de chauffage ou cuisson, element chauffant ainsi obtenu et appareils ainsi equipes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1067822A1 true EP1067822A1 (fr) | 2001-01-10 |
| EP1067822B1 EP1067822B1 (fr) | 2005-11-16 |
Family
ID=9548143
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00450011A Expired - Lifetime EP1067822B1 (fr) | 1999-07-09 | 2000-07-07 | Procédé de fabrication d'élément chauffant pour appareil de chauffage ou cuisson, élément chauffant ainsi obtenu et appareils ainsi équipés |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1067822B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE310370T1 (fr) |
| CY (1) | CY1105681T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60023995T2 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK1067822T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2253196T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2796199B1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2855359A1 (fr) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-11-26 | Seb Sa | Dispositif de chauffage d'un liquide pour appareil electromenager, appareil electromenager equipe d'un tel dispositif. |
| FR2942419A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-27 | Muller & Cie Soc | Procede de fabrication d'un element de chauffage d'u appareil de chauffage et moule pour l'obtention d'un tel element chauffant. |
| FR2991845A1 (fr) * | 2012-06-12 | 2013-12-13 | Muller & Cie Soc | Appareil de chauffage par convection |
| WO2018202961A1 (fr) | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-08 | Texas De France (Cas) | Module chauffant pour appareil de chauffage électrique |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2968225B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-12-28 | Thermor Pacific | Procede de surmoulage et procede de fabrication d'un corps de chauffe mettant en oeuvre ce procede de surmoulage |
| US12117183B2 (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2024-10-15 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Vehicle oven having an improved heating element |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0456173A1 (fr) * | 1990-05-11 | 1991-11-13 | I.R.C.A. S.P.A. Industria Resistenze Corazzate Ed Affini | Elément de chauffage d'air forcé pour sèche-linges |
| FR2764162A1 (fr) * | 1997-05-27 | 1998-12-04 | Muller Et Cie | Procede de realisation de resistances electriques blindees a dissipateurs multiples et resistances electriques ainsi obtenues |
-
1999
- 1999-07-09 FR FR9909195A patent/FR2796199B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-07-07 AT AT00450011T patent/ATE310370T1/de active
- 2000-07-07 DK DK00450011T patent/DK1067822T3/da active
- 2000-07-07 DE DE60023995T patent/DE60023995T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-07 EP EP00450011A patent/EP1067822B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-07 ES ES00450011T patent/ES2253196T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-02-15 CY CY20061100212T patent/CY1105681T1/el unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0456173A1 (fr) * | 1990-05-11 | 1991-11-13 | I.R.C.A. S.P.A. Industria Resistenze Corazzate Ed Affini | Elément de chauffage d'air forcé pour sèche-linges |
| FR2764162A1 (fr) * | 1997-05-27 | 1998-12-04 | Muller Et Cie | Procede de realisation de resistances electriques blindees a dissipateurs multiples et resistances electriques ainsi obtenues |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2855359A1 (fr) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-11-26 | Seb Sa | Dispositif de chauffage d'un liquide pour appareil electromenager, appareil electromenager equipe d'un tel dispositif. |
| WO2004105438A1 (fr) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-12-02 | Seb S.A. | Dispositif de chauffage d'un liquide pour appareil electromenager, appareil electromenager equipe d'un tel dispositif |
| US7286752B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2007-10-23 | Seb S.A. | Device for heating a liquid for domestic appliance, domestic appliance fitted with said device |
| CN100455145C (zh) * | 2003-05-19 | 2009-01-21 | Seb股份有限公司 | 用于家用电器的加热液体的装置及装有这种加热装置的家用电器 |
| FR2942419A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-27 | Muller & Cie Soc | Procede de fabrication d'un element de chauffage d'u appareil de chauffage et moule pour l'obtention d'un tel element chauffant. |
| WO2010094903A3 (fr) * | 2009-02-23 | 2011-02-03 | Société Muller & Cie | Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de chauffage d'un appareil de chauffage et moule pour l'obtention d'un tel élément chauffant |
| FR2991845A1 (fr) * | 2012-06-12 | 2013-12-13 | Muller & Cie Soc | Appareil de chauffage par convection |
| WO2018202961A1 (fr) | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-08 | Texas De France (Cas) | Module chauffant pour appareil de chauffage électrique |
| FR3066010A1 (fr) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-09 | Texas De France (Sas) | Module chauffant pour appareil de chauffage electrique |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2796199A1 (fr) | 2001-01-12 |
| DK1067822T3 (da) | 2006-03-27 |
| ATE310370T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
| DE60023995T2 (de) | 2006-08-10 |
| DE60023995D1 (de) | 2005-12-22 |
| CY1105681T1 (el) | 2010-12-22 |
| FR2796199B1 (fr) | 2001-10-12 |
| EP1067822B1 (fr) | 2005-11-16 |
| ES2253196T3 (es) | 2006-06-01 |
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