EP1067357B1 - Two stage flying-plate optic detonator - Google Patents
Two stage flying-plate optic detonator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1067357B1 EP1067357B1 EP00401936A EP00401936A EP1067357B1 EP 1067357 B1 EP1067357 B1 EP 1067357B1 EP 00401936 A EP00401936 A EP 00401936A EP 00401936 A EP00401936 A EP 00401936A EP 1067357 B1 EP1067357 B1 EP 1067357B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pyrotechnic composition
- stage
- optical
- composition
- pyrotechnic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
- F42B3/113—Initiators therefor activated by optical means, e.g. laser, flashlight
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un détonateur optique à deux étages et à transition choc-détonation.The present invention relates to a detonator optical two-stage and shock-detonation transition.
Pour réaliser un détonateur optique avec des sources laser de faible puissance telles que les diodes laser envisagées dans les applications spatiales, on a recours à l'heure actuelle à un détonateur à deux étages : le premier étant utilisé pour l'allumage thermique par le laser d'une combustion et le second étage étant dédié à une transition déflagration-détonation.To make an optical detonator with low power laser sources such as diodes considered in space applications, we have use of a two-part detonator stages: the first being used for ignition thermal by the laser of a combustion and the second floor being dedicated to a deflagration-detonation transition.
A l'interface entre les deux étages, est placée une membrane métallique qui sous l'action de la pression de combustion du 1er étage se découpe en paillet qui agit comme un piston et va compacter l'explosif poreux du 2ème étage et initier une combustion qui, compte tenu du confinement va déclencher un processus de transition déflagration-détonation.At the interface between the two stages, is placed a metal membrane which under the action of the combustion pressure of the 1st stage is cut into a straw which acts as a piston and will compact the porous explosive of the 2nd stage and initiate a combustion that, given the confinement will trigger a process of transition deflagration-detonation.
Les inconvénients de ce concept sont liés à l'utilisation du processus de transition déflagration-détonation. Cela nécessite :
- l'utilisation d'un explosif à basse densité de chargement (1.1 g/cm3), en fait proche de la densité de tassement pour avoir une porosité importante et aussi des grosses granulométries : ceci augmente la sensibilité du composant pyrotechnique et est peu favorable pour assurer une bonne reproductibilité de chargement dans ses petits composants ;
- une longueur suffisante du 2ème étage afin d'atteindre le point de transition à la détonation : ce qui en pratique augmente notablement la quantité d'explosif utilisé.
- the use of an explosive at low loading density (1.1 g / cm3), in fact close to the packing density to have a high porosity and also large particle sizes: this increases the sensitivity of the pyrotechnic component and is unfavorable for ensure a good reproducibility of loading in its small components;
- a sufficient length of the 2nd floor to reach the transition point to the detonation: which in practice significantly increases the amount of explosive used.
Le but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients ci-dessus.The purpose of the present invention is to remedy to the disadvantages above.
Dans la technique courante, voir le document US-A-4848095, on envisage un détonateur optique à deux étapes et à transition choc-détonation, dans lequel le premier étage comprend une composition pyrotechnique et une fibre optique dont une extrémité est raccordée à une source de rayonnement laser, l'autre extrémité adjacente à la composition pyrotechnique étant engagée dans un connecteur, des moyens étant insérés entre l'extrémité de la fibre optique et la composition pyrotechnique pour transmettre le rayonnement laser vers la composition pyrotechnique, détonateur dans lequel le second étage comprend une composition pyrotechnique placée dans l'alignement de la composition pyrotechnique du premier étage et séparée de cette dernière par des moyens de transmission de l'onde de choc générée par l'allumage de la composition pyrotechnique du premier étage.In the current art, see US-A-4848095, an optical detonator is being considered two stages and shock-detonation transition, in which the first floor includes a pyrotechnic composition and an optical fiber whose one end is connected to a source of laser radiation, the other end adjacent to the pyrotechnic composition being engaged in a connector, means being inserted between the end of the optical fiber and the composition pyrotechnics to transmit laser radiation to the pyrotechnic composition, detonator in which the second floor includes a pyrotechnic composition placed in alignment with the pyrotechnic composition from the first floor and separated from the latter by means of transmitting the shock wave generated by the ignition of the pyrotechnic composition of the first floor.
Suivant l'invention, ce détonateur optique est caractérisé en ce que les moyens qui séparent la composition pyrotechnique du premier étage de celle du second étage comprennent une plaquette métallique dont une face est en contact avec la composition pyrotechnique du premier étage et dont l'autre face est adjacente à une cavité qui la sépare de la composition pyrotechnique du second étage et est en appui par sa périphérie contre l'extrémité d'un élément de confinement de la composition pyrotechnique du second étage.According to the invention, this optical detonator is characterized in that the means separating the pyrotechnic composition of the first floor of that of the second floor include a metal plate one side is in contact with the composition pyrotechnics of the first floor and whose other face is adjacent to a cavity that separates it from the composition second stage pyrotechnic and is supported by its periphery against the end of an element of confinement of the pyrotechnic composition of the second floor.
Grâce à la pression de la combustion vive générée lors de l'allumage de la combustion de la composition pyrotechnique du premier étage, la plaquette métallique ci-dessus est propulsée à grande vitesse sur la surface nue de la composition pyrotechnique du second étage. Thanks to the pressure of the burning combustion generated during ignition of the combustion of the pyrotechnic composition of the first floor, the plate metal above is propelled at high speed on the bare surface of the pyrotechnic composition of the second floor.
Lors de son impact, cette plaquette amorce dans la composition pyrotechnique une transition choc-détonation.When it impacts, this wafer starts in the pyrotechnic composition a shock-detonation transition.
Cette transition choc-détonation est favorisée par un effet de focalisation de l'onde de choc.This shock-detonation transition is favored by a focusing effect of the shock wave.
Cette transition choc-détonation permet de réaliser un détonateur moins long, contenant moins de composition pyrotechnique, plus insensible, plus reproductible et avec un temps de réponse plus court que dans le cas de la solution évoquée au début de cette description.This shock-detonation transition allows make a shorter detonator, containing less pyrotechnic composition, more insensitive, more reproducible and with a shorter response time than in the case of the solution mentioned at the beginning of this description.
L'amélioration de la présente invention par rapport à la technique courante comporte que le diamètre de la cavité est supérieur à celui de la composition pyrotechnique, la face d'extrémité de la composition pyrotechnique adjacente à la cavité étant confondue avec la face constituant le fond de ladite cavité.The improvement of the present invention with respect to current technique involves that the diameter of the cavity is superior to that of the pyrotechnic composition, the end face of the pyrotechnic composition adjacent to the cavity being merged with the face constituting the bottom of said cavity.
De ce fait, la plaquette lors de son impact entre en collision simultanément avec la composition pyrotechnique et avec la face d'extrémité de la cavité. Cette disposition permet de focaliser l'onde de choc sur la composition pyrotechnique.As a result, the wafer during its impact collides with the composition simultaneously pyrotechnic and with the end face of the cavity. This arrangement makes it possible to focus the shock wave on the pyrotechnic composition.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaítront encore dans la description ci-après.Other peculiarities and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description below.
Aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un détonateur optique à deux étages selon l'invention ;
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale partielle, montrant une variante de réalisation de l'invention.
- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a two-stage optical detonator according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing an alternative embodiment of the invention.
La figure 1 représente un détonateur optique à
deux étages et à transition choc-détonation, dans lequel
le premier étage 1 comprend une composition
pyrotechnique 2 et une fibre optique 3 dont une
extrémité est raccordée à une source de rayonnement
laser telle qu'une diode laser.FIG. 1 represents an optical detonator at
two stages and shock-detonation transition, in which
the
L'autre extrémité de la fibre optique 3
adjacente à la composition pyrotechnique 2 est engagée
dans un connecteur 4.The other end of the
Des moyens qui seront décrits plus loin, sont
insérés entre l'extrémité 3a de la fibre optique 3 et la
composition pyrotechnique 2 pour transmettre le
rayonnement laser vers la composition pyrotechnique 2.Means that will be described later, are
inserted between the
Le second étage 5 du détonateur comprend une
composition pyrotechnique 6 placée dans l'alignement de
la composition pyrotechnique 2 du premier étage 1 et
séparée de cette dernière par des moyens de transmission
de l'onde de choc générée par l'allumage de la
composition pyrotechnique 2 du premier étage 1.The second stage of the detonator comprises a
pyrotechnic composition 6 placed in the alignment of
the
Conformément à l'invention, les moyens qui
séparent la composition pyrotechnique 2 du premier étage
1 de celle du second étage 5 comprennent une plaquette
métallique 7 dont une face est en contact avec la
composition pyrotechnique 2 du premier étage 1 et dont
l'autre face est adjacente à une cavité 8 qui la sépare
de la composition pyrotechnique 6 du second étage 5.In accordance with the invention, the means
separate the
Cette plaquette métallique 7 est en appui par sa
périphérie contre l'extrémité 9a d'un élément de
confinement 9 de la composition pyrotechnique 6 du
second étage 5.This metal plate 7 is supported by its
periphery against the
La composition pyrotechnique 2 du premier étage
1 est confinée dans un élément de confinement 10 qui est
raccordé axialement et de façon amovible à l'élément de
confinement 9 de la composition pyrotechnique 6 du
second étage 5.The
Dans l'exemple représenté, les deux éléments de
confinement 9, 10 sont raccordés ensemble par vissage.In the example shown, the two elements of
On voit également sur la figure 1 que la face d'extrémité 6a de la composition pyrotechnique 6 adjacente à la cavité 8 est confondue avec la face constituant le fond de la cavité 8 dont le diamètre est supérieur à celui de la composition pyrotechnique 6.We also see in Figure 1 that the face end 6a of the pyrotechnic composition 6 adjacent to the cavity 8 is merged with the face constituting the bottom of the cavity 8 whose diameter is greater than that of the pyrotechnic composition 6.
A titre d'exemple, la plaquette 7 peut être en acier et présente une épaisseur comprise entre 100 et 250 micromètres.For example, the plate 7 may be in steel and has a thickness of between 100 and 250 micrometers.
L'énergie laser transmise à la composition
pyrotechnique 2 du premier étage 1 et les
caractéristiques de cette composition doivent de
préférence être telles que la plaquette 7 puisse être
propulsée dans la cavité 8 à une vitesse au moins égale
à 500 m/s sous l'effet de la pression développée après
l'allumage de la composition pyrotechnique 2.The laser energy transmitted to the composition
pyrotechnic 2 of the
De préférence également, la composition pyrotechnique 2 comprend de l'octogène présentant une densité de chargement de l'ordre de 1,65 g/cm3 et une granulométrie de l'ordre de 3 micromètres.Preferably also, the composition pyrotechnic 2 comprises octogen with loading density of the order of 1.65 g / cm3 and a particle size of the order of 3 micrometers.
L'octogène peut être mélangé avec environ 1% de noir de carbone ultra fin pour favoriser l'absorption dans le proche infra-rouge.Octogen can be mixed with about 1% of ultra-thin carbon black to promote absorption in the near infra-red.
De préférence, la composition pyrotechnique 6 du
second étage 5 comprend de l'octogène ou de l'hexogène
sous forme granulaire et présentant une densité
supérieure à 1,4 g/cm3.Preferably, the pyrotechnic composition 6 of
La figure 1 montre d'autre part que les moyens
pour transmettre le rayonnement laser depuis la fibre
optique 3 vers la composition pyrotechnique 2 du premier
étage 1 comprennent une bague 11 dans l'évidement de
laquelle est logée une bille en verre 12.Figure 1 shows, on the other hand, that the means
to transmit laser radiation from the fiber
optical 3 to the
Cette bague 11 est en contact avec l'extrémité
du connecteur 4 de la fibre optique 3 et avec une
plaquette en verre 13 elle-même en contact avec la
composition pyrotechnique 2 du premier étage 1.This
Cette disposition permet une transmission du
rayonnement laser vers la composition pyrotechnique 2,
sans perte d'énergie surfacique. This provision allows a transmission of the
laser radiation to the
Dans la variante représentée sur la figure 2,
les moyens pour transmettre le rayonnement laser entre
la fibre optique 3 et la composition pyrotechnique 2 du
premier étage 1 comprennent un barreau en verre 14 à
gradient d'indice logé dans un élément 15 en matière peu
conductrice thermiquement. Ce barreau en verre 14 est
capable de focaliser le rayonnement laser issu de la
fibre optique 3 sur la face de la composition
pyrotechnique 2 du premier étage 1 avec laquelle ce
barreau en verre 14 est en contact. Ce barreau en verre
14 peut être en deux parties.In the variant shown in FIG.
the means to transmit the laser radiation between
the
Le dispositif que l'on vient de décrire fonctionne de la façon suivante.The device just described works as follows.
Dans le cas du détonateur représenté sur la figure 1, le rayonnement laser véhiculé par la fibre optique 3 transmet son énergie à la composition pyrotechnique 2 et génère la combustion de celle-ci.In the case of the detonator shown on the FIG. 1, the laser radiation conveyed by the fiber Optical 3 transmits its energy to the composition pyrotechnic 2 and generates the combustion thereof.
La pression développée par la combustion de
cette composition 2 propulse la plaquette 7 à une
vitesse supérieure à 500 m/s dans la cavité 8 vers la
surface nue 6a de la composition pyrotechnique 6 du
second étage.The pressure developed by the combustion of
this
L'onde choc engendrée à l'impact de cette plaquette 7 sur la surface 6a de la composition pyrotechnique amorce la détonation de celle-ci.The shock wave generated at the impact of this wafer 7 on the surface 6a of the composition pyrotechnic initiates the detonation of it.
L'ensemble des dispositions ci-dessus permet de réaliser un détonateur moins long, contenant moins de composition pyrotechnique, plus insensible, plus reproductible et avec un temps de réponse plus court que dans le cas de la solution évoquée au début de cette description.All of the above provisions make it possible to make a shorter detonator, containing less pyrotechnic composition, more insensitive, more reproducible and with a shorter response time than in the case of the solution mentioned at the beginning of this description.
La réduction de la masse totale de la composition pyrotechnique est importante, notamment lors de l'application du détonateur selon l'invention pour commander la séparation de deux étages d'un vaisseau spatial, car elle permet de réduire l'intensité des chocs pyrotechniques transmis à ce vaisseau.The reduction of the total mass of the pyrotechnic composition is important, especially when of the application of the detonator according to the invention for order the separation of two floors of a vessel space, because it reduces the intensity of pyrotechnic shocks transmitted to this vessel.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple que l'on vient de décrire et on peut apporter à celui-ci de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the example we just described and we can bring to this one many modifications without leaving the framework of the invention.
Claims (10)
- Two-stage optical detonator with shock-detonation transition, in which the first stage (1) comprises a pyrotechnic composition (2) and an optical fibre (3), one end of which is connected to a source of laser radiation, the other end, adjacent to the pyrotechnic composition (2), being engaged in a connector (4), means being inserted between the end of the optical fibre (3) and the pyrotechnic composition (2) to transmit the laser radiation towards the pyrotechnic composition (2), in which detonator the second stage (5) comprises a pyrotechnic composition (6) placed in line with the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1) and separated from the latter by means of transmitting the shock wave generated by the ignition of the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1), these means comprising a metal plate (7) bearing via its periphery against the end (9a) of a containment element (9) that confines the pyrotechnic composition (6) of the second stage (5), of which metal plate (7) one face is in contact with the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1) and the other face is adjacent to a cavity (8) separating it from the pyrotechnic composition (6) of the second stage (5), characterized in that the diameter of the cavity (8) is greater than that of the pyrotechnic composition (6), the end face (6a) of the pyrotechnic composition (6) adjacent to the cavity (8) being coincident with the face constituting the end wall of the said cavity (8).
- Optical detonator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1) is confined in a containment element (10) connected axially and removably to the containment element (9) that confines the pyrotechnic composition (6) of the second stage (5).
- Optical detonator according to Claim 2, characterized in that the two containment elements (9, 10) are screwed together.
- Optical detonator according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plate (7) is made of steel and has a thickness of between 100 and 250 microns.
- Optical detonator according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the laser energy transmitted to the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1) and the properties of this composition are such that the plate (7) is propelled into the cavity (8) at a speed at least equal to 500 m/s after the above pyrotechnic composition (2) has been ignited.
- Optical detonator according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1) comprises octogen having a fill density of the order of 1.65 g/cm3 and a particle size of the order of 3 microns.
- Optical detonator according to Claim 6, characterized in that the octogen is mixed with about 1% ultrafine carbon black powder.
- Optical detonator according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pyrotechnic composition (6) of the second stage (5) contains octogen or hexogen in particulate form having a density in excess of 1.4 g/cm3.
- Optical detonator according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the means for transmitting the laser radiation from the optical fibre (3) to the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1) comprise a ring (11) in the recess of which there is housed a glass bead (12), this ring (11) being in contact with the end of the connector (4) of the optical fibre (3) and with a glass plate (13) itself in contact with the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1).
- Optical detonator according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the means for transmitting laser radiation between the optical fibre (3) and the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1) comprise a graded-index glass rod (14) housed in an element (15) made of a material of low thermal conductivity, this glass rod (14) being capable of focusing the laser radiation from the optical fibre (3) onto that face of the pyrotechnic composition (2) of the first stage (1) with which this glass rod (14) is in contact.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9908715 | 1999-07-06 | ||
| FR9908715A FR2796142B1 (en) | 1999-07-06 | 1999-07-06 | TWO-STAGE OPTICAL DETONATOR WITH SHOCK-DETONATION TRANSITION |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1067357A1 EP1067357A1 (en) | 2001-01-10 |
| EP1067357B1 true EP1067357B1 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
Family
ID=9547764
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00401936A Expired - Lifetime EP1067357B1 (en) | 1999-07-06 | 2000-07-05 | Two stage flying-plate optic detonator |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6374740B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1067357B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60006322T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2796142B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016120539A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-03 | IBD Deisenroth Engineering GmbH | An ignition material, in particular for use in an optical detonator and ignition means with such an ignition material |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19837839A1 (en) * | 1998-08-20 | 2000-02-24 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Detonator for explosive material for vehicle airbag or seatbelt tensioner, has laser diode with transparent housing in direct contact with explosive material |
| FR2831659B1 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2004-04-09 | Saint Louis Inst | LOW ENERGY OPTICAL DETONATOR |
| FR2846408B1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2005-06-03 | Dassault Aviat | DEVICE FOR INITIATING A PYROTECHNIC CHARGE |
| US20040231546A1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-11-25 | Ofca William W. | Safe electrical initiation plug for electric detonators |
| PE20060926A1 (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-09-04 | Orica Explosives Tech Pty Ltd | ASSEMBLIES OF WIRELESS DETONATORS, CORRESPONDING BLASTING APPLIANCES AND BLASTING METHODS |
| CN100465138C (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2009-03-04 | 西安庆华民用爆破器材有限责任公司 | Inserting type connecting block for initiation net |
| JP2009007273A (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-15 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Method for producing diaminopyrimidine compound |
| FR2959809B1 (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2013-07-05 | Saint Louis Inst | FIRING DEVICE FOR AN INITIATOR |
| FR2960541B1 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2012-05-04 | Nexter Munitions | SECURED DETONATOR |
| CA2811125C (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2016-04-26 | Detnet South Africa (Pty) Ltd | Connector assembly |
| FR2978762B1 (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2013-08-02 | Nexter Munitions | SECURITY DETONATOR |
| WO2017083885A1 (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-05-18 | Detnet South Africa (Pty) Ltd | Wireless detonator |
| CN114353600B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2024-01-16 | 中北大学 | Spacer type high-safety small-size laser detonation device |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3238873A (en) * | 1964-10-13 | 1966-03-08 | Teledyne Inc | Detonating fuse termination |
| US3320884A (en) * | 1966-01-12 | 1967-05-23 | James F Kowalick | Pyrotechnic delay device for mild detonating cord |
| US4898095A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1990-02-06 | Nippon Oil And Fats Company, Limited And Kajima Corporation | Laser beam-detonatable blasting cap |
| US4735145A (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1988-04-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | High temperature detonator |
| FR2646901B1 (en) * | 1989-05-12 | 1994-04-29 | Aerospatiale | PHOTOPYROTECHNICAL PRIMING DEVICE COMPRISING A MICROLENTIL CRIMPED BY A MEMORY MATERIAL AND PYROTECHNIC CHAIN USING THE SAME |
| AU8148098A (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-19 | Ensign-Bickford Company, The | Laser-ignitable ignition composition and initiator devices and assemblies comprising the same |
-
1999
- 1999-07-06 FR FR9908715A patent/FR2796142B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-07-05 DE DE60006322T patent/DE60006322T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-05 EP EP00401936A patent/EP1067357B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-06 US US09/611,022 patent/US6374740B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016120539A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-03 | IBD Deisenroth Engineering GmbH | An ignition material, in particular for use in an optical detonator and ignition means with such an ignition material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6374740B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
| FR2796142A1 (en) | 2001-01-12 |
| DE60006322T2 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| DE60006322D1 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
| EP1067357A1 (en) | 2001-01-10 |
| FR2796142B1 (en) | 2002-08-09 |
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