EP2554529B1 - Security detonator - Google Patents

Security detonator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2554529B1
EP2554529B1 EP12174520.2A EP12174520A EP2554529B1 EP 2554529 B1 EP2554529 B1 EP 2554529B1 EP 12174520 A EP12174520 A EP 12174520A EP 2554529 B1 EP2554529 B1 EP 2554529B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detonator
stage
plate
projected
insulation means
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EP12174520.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2554529A1 (en
Inventor
Hervé Le Breton
Nathalie Raffin-Barril
Didier Cazajous
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Publication of EP2554529A1 publication Critical patent/EP2554529A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/113—Initiators therefor activated by optical means, e.g. laser, flashlight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/18—Safety initiators resistant to premature firing by static electricity or stray currents

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of detonators plate or projected element.
  • This type of detonator as described in the patent US6374740 comprises a body in which there is a first stage, or inflammatory stage, comprising at least a first pyrotechnic composition or an explosive secondary explosive.
  • a relay stage comprising at least one secondary explosive.
  • the first composition may be initiated by an optical means such as an optical fiber or an electrical means (hot wire) while the secondary explosive is initiatable by an impact.
  • a thin plate metal or plastic
  • the plate is projected onto the secondary explosive which will then be initiated following the energy of the shock provided by the plate.
  • This operation has a disadvantage from the point of view of safety.
  • the first composition may react and cause the projection of the plate and thereby the reaction of the secondary explosive and the whole of the pyrotechnic chain.
  • the invention proposes to reduce the sensitivity to the temperature rise of the igniter stage.
  • the subject of the invention is a detonator comprising a plate projected by an igniting stage comprising at least less a first pyrotechnic composition and / or a first explosive, plate projected on a relay stage comprising at least one secondary explosive, detonator characterized in that it comprises a thermal insulation means surrounding the igniter stage to delay its temperature rise .
  • the thermal insulation means comprises a casing made of a ceramic material.
  • the thermal insulation means comprises an envelope made of a plastic or composite material.
  • the thermal insulation means associates an envelope made of a first thermal insulating material and closed by a plug made of a second thermal insulating material.
  • the material or materials constituting the thermal insulation means have a thermal conductivity of less than 0.24 W.m -1 .K -1 .
  • the thickness of the insulating means will preferably be greater than 0.5 mm.
  • the first pyrotechnic composition or the first explosive of the igniter stage is in contact with the end of an optical fiber.
  • a detonator 1 comprises a substantially cylindrical body 2 having three parts 2a, 2b and 2c.
  • the central portion 2b of the body has an external thread 2d for securing the detonator with a mounting for receiving such a munition (assembly not shown).
  • a sheathed optical fiber 3 passes through the rear part 2a of the body.
  • the optical fiber 3 opens into an ignition stage 10 in contact with a first photosensitive pyrotechnic composition 4.
  • a first photosensitive pyrotechnic composition 4 is described by the patent FR2914056 .
  • a composition combining zirconium and potassium perchlorate is conventional and it is not necessary to describe it in more detail.
  • Other types of pyrotechnic compositions may be used such as: boron / potassium nitrate, boron / zirconium / potassium nitrate, etc.
  • the secondary explosive may be pure or incorporate an optical dopant as described by the patent EP1742009 .
  • a layer of pyrotechnic ignition composition (such as a zirconium / potassium perchlorate composition) in contact with the optical fiber 3 and associated with the optical fiber 3 will be associated with the level of the igniter stage 10.
  • a layer of a secondary explosive explosion for example octogen.
  • the patent EP1306643 describes such an association of an ignition composition and a secondary explosive.
  • the igniter stage 10 comprises a first composition (and / or a secondary explosion explosive) having a particle size perfectly controlled and relatively reduced (less than or equal to 60 micrometers).
  • This first pyrotechnic composition is loaded into a case 5 which is enveloped by a thermal insulation means 12.
  • This thermal insulation means 12 comprises a casing made of a ceramic material, a plastic or composite material.
  • the plastic used may for example be a thermoplastic type polyamide PA66.
  • a ceramic material may for example be based on silica and selected from ceramics having a high thermal resistance. Ceramic is preferred because, due to its porosity, its natural thermal insulation qualities are important.
  • the igniter stage thus constituted comprises a projectable metal plate 6 (also referred to herein as the projected element 6) placed on the ceramic coating on the outside thereof, opposite to the optical fiber 3.
  • the screwing of the rear portion 2a on the central portion 2b allows to apply the bottom of the igniter stage 10 (covered by the insulating means 12) against the plate 6 which is then pinched between the insulator 12 and the front portion 2c of the body.
  • the igniter stage is thus maintained in position thanks to a threading 9 solidarisant the rear part of the body 2a at the central part of the body 2b.
  • the metal plate 6 is supported by its periphery on a shoulder of the front portion 2c of the body 2.
  • a secondary explosive 7 sensitive to shock which forms a relay stage.
  • the distance D will be chosen by those skilled in the art as being that which makes it possible to obtain the optimal projection speed at the shock release of the secondary explosive 7 by virtue of the characteristics of the igniter stage 10, and therefore especially of the nature and the mass of the first composition 4 and the mass of the plate 6 and that of the insulating means 12.
  • the invention proposes that the igniter stage 10 is sufficiently thermally insulated by the thermal insulation means 12 so that it is protected from heat or it does not burns or blows only after the secondary explosive 7 of the front part 2c of the detonator 2 has itself been burned or deflagrated.
  • the skilled person will determine the minimum thickness E (thickness ranging from 0.5 to 2 mm, thickness better visible at the figure 2 ) of the insulating means 12 to ensure a sufficient time lag between the arrival at a given temperature level outside and the arrival at the same level inside the insulating means 12.
  • the thickness will be chosen such that there is a time lag of at least 30 seconds between the instant when the temperature outside the insulation means 12 is 230 ° C. and the instant when the temperature at the inside of the insulating means 12 is 230 ° C.
  • the primary pyrotechnic composition 4 being during this interval protected by the thermal insulation means, it does not react. Beyond 30 seconds, she can then react without fear of triggering a detonation.
  • the thermal insulation means may associate an envelope 12a made of a first thermal insulating material and closed by a plug 12b made of a second thermal insulating material.
  • the envelope 12a receiving the pyrotechnic composition may for example be made of ceramic material and the plug 12b may be made of plastic.
  • the ceramic is very fragile, the use of a plastic plug allows to seal all without risk of cracking.
  • the loaded case 5, or directly loading secondary explosive 4 in the case where no case is used can be covered ceramic by sintering for example.
  • the invention has been described with an igniter stage initiated by an optical fiber, but the invention can also be implemented with an igniter stage initiated in a more conventional manner by electrical energy, for example a hot-wire igniter. or exploded wire.

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des détonateurs à plaque ou élément projeté.The technical field of the invention is that of detonators plate or projected element.

Ce type de détonateur tel que décrit dans le brevet US6374740 comporte un corps dans lequel se trouve un premier étage, ou étage inflammateur, comprenant au moins une première composition pyrotechnique ou un explosif secondaire déflagrant. En regard de ce premier étage inflammateur se trouve un étage relais comprenant au moins un explosif secondaire. La première composition peut être initiée par un moyen optique tel qu'une fibre optique ou un moyen électrique (fil chaud) alors que l'explosif secondaire est initiable par un choc. C'est pourquoi une plaque mince (de métal ou de plastique) est placée entre les deux étages pyrotechniques. Suite à l'initiation sur commande de la première composition, la plaque est projetée sur l'explosif secondaire qui va alors s'initier suite à l'énergie du choc fourni par la plaque.This type of detonator as described in the patent US6374740 comprises a body in which there is a first stage, or inflammatory stage, comprising at least a first pyrotechnic composition or an explosive secondary explosive. In front of this first stage igniter is a relay stage comprising at least one secondary explosive. The first composition may be initiated by an optical means such as an optical fiber or an electrical means (hot wire) while the secondary explosive is initiatable by an impact. This is why a thin plate (metal or plastic) is placed between the two pyrotechnic stages. Following the custom initiation of the first composition, the plate is projected onto the secondary explosive which will then be initiated following the energy of the shock provided by the plate.

Ce fonctionnement présente un inconvénient du point de vue de la sécurité.This operation has a disadvantage from the point of view of safety.

En cas d'exposition du détonateur à une forte chaleur due à un incendie par exemple, la première composition risque de réagir et de provoquer la projection de la plaque et par-là même la réaction de l'explosif secondaire et de l'ensemble de la chaine pyrotechnique.If exposure of the detonator to high heat due to a fire for example, the first composition may react and cause the projection of the plate and thereby the reaction of the secondary explosive and the whole of the pyrotechnic chain.

Pour remédier à ce problème, l'invention se propose de diminuer la sensibilité à l'élévation de température de l'étage inflammateur.To remedy this problem, the invention proposes to reduce the sensitivity to the temperature rise of the igniter stage.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un détonateur comportant une plaque projetée par un étage inflammateur comprenant au moins une première composition pyrotechnique et/ou un premier explosif, plaque projetée sur un étage relais comprenant au moins un explosif secondaire, détonateur caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moyen d'isolation thermique entourant l'étage inflammateur pour retarder son élévation de température.Thus, the subject of the invention is a detonator comprising a plate projected by an igniting stage comprising at least less a first pyrotechnic composition and / or a first explosive, plate projected on a relay stage comprising at least one secondary explosive, detonator characterized in that it comprises a thermal insulation means surrounding the igniter stage to delay its temperature rise .

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le moyen d'isolation thermique comporte une enveloppe réalisée en un matériau céramique.According to one characteristic of the invention, the thermal insulation means comprises a casing made of a ceramic material.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le moyen d'isolation thermique comporte une enveloppe réalisée en une matière plastique ou composite.According to another characteristic of the invention, the thermal insulation means comprises an envelope made of a plastic or composite material.

Avantageusement, le moyen d'isolation thermique associe une enveloppe réalisée en un premier matériau isolant thermique et obturée par un bouchon réalisé en un deuxième matériau isolant thermique.Advantageously, the thermal insulation means associates an envelope made of a first thermal insulating material and closed by a plug made of a second thermal insulating material.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le ou les matériaux constituant le moyen d'isolation thermique présentent une conductivité thermique inférieure à 0,24W.m-1.K-1.According to one characteristic of the invention, the material or materials constituting the thermal insulation means have a thermal conductivity of less than 0.24 W.m -1 .K -1 .

Dans ce cas, l'épaisseur du moyen d'isolation sera de préférence supérieure à 0,5 mm.In this case, the thickness of the insulating means will preferably be greater than 0.5 mm.

Avantageusement, la première composition pyrotechnique ou le premier explosif de l'étage inflammateur est en contact avec l'extrémité d'une fibre optique.Advantageously, the first pyrotechnic composition or the first explosive of the igniter stage is in contact with the end of an optical fiber.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante, description illustrée par les dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 représente un détonateur en coupe longitudinale selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 2 représente un détonateur en coupe longitudinale selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, a description illustrated by the appended drawings in which:
  • The figure 1 represents a detonator in longitudinal section according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • The figure 2 represents a detonator in longitudinal section according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Selon la figure 1, un détonateur 1 comporte un corps 2 sensiblement cylindrique comportant trois parties 2a, 2b et 2c. La partie centrale 2b du corps comporte un filetage externe 2d permettant de solidariser le détonateur avec un montage destiné à le recevoir tel qu'une munition (montage non représenté).According to figure 1 , a detonator 1 comprises a substantially cylindrical body 2 having three parts 2a, 2b and 2c. The central portion 2b of the body has an external thread 2d for securing the detonator with a mounting for receiving such a munition (assembly not shown).

Coaxialement au corps 2 une fibre optique 3 gainée traverse la partie arrière 2a du corps. La fibre optique 3 débouche dans un étage inflammateur 10 au contact d'une première composition pyrotechnique 4 photosensible. Un tel montage de fibre optique en contact avec une composition pyrotechnique est décrit par le brevet FR2914056 .Coaxially with the body 2 a sheathed optical fiber 3 passes through the rear part 2a of the body. The optical fiber 3 opens into an ignition stage 10 in contact with a first photosensitive pyrotechnic composition 4. Such an optical fiber assembly in contact with a pyrotechnic composition is described by the patent FR2914056 .

Comme le précise ce brevet FR2914056 , on pourra utiliser comme première composition pyrotechnique 4 une composition associant Zirconium et perchlorate de potassium. Une telle composition est classique et il n'est pas nécessaire de la décrire plus en détails. On pourra utiliser d'autres types de compositions pyrotechniques telles que : Bore / Nitrate de potassium, Bore/Zirconium/Nitrate de potassium...As this patent specifies FR2914056 it is possible to use as a first pyrotechnic composition 4 a composition combining zirconium and potassium perchlorate. Such a composition is conventional and it is not necessary to describe it in more detail. Other types of pyrotechnic compositions may be used such as: boron / potassium nitrate, boron / zirconium / potassium nitrate, etc.

On pourra aussi remplacer la première composition pyrotechnique 4 par un explosif secondaire pouvant adopter un régime déflagrant. L'explosif secondaire pourra être pur ou incorporer un dopant optique tel que décrit par le brevet EP1742009 .It will also be possible to replace the first pyrotechnic composition 4 with a secondary explosive that can adopt an explosion-proof regime. The secondary explosive may be pure or incorporate an optical dopant as described by the patent EP1742009 .

D'une façon préférée on associera au niveau de l'étage inflammateur 10 une couche de composition pyrotechnique d'allumage (telle qu'une composition zirconium/Perchlorate de potassium) en contact avec la fibre optique 3 et qui allumera une couche d'un explosif secondaire déflagrant, par exemple de l'octogène. Le brevet EP1306643 décrit une telle association d'une composition d'allumage et d'un explosif secondaire.In a preferred manner, a layer of pyrotechnic ignition composition (such as a zirconium / potassium perchlorate composition) in contact with the optical fiber 3 and associated with the optical fiber 3 will be associated with the level of the igniter stage 10. light a layer of a secondary explosive explosion, for example octogen. The patent EP1306643 describes such an association of an ignition composition and a secondary explosive.

L'essentiel pour que l'allumage optique soit assuré est que l'étage inflammateur 10 comporte une première composition (et/ou un explosif secondaire déflagrant) ayant une granulométrie parfaitement maîtrisée et relativement réduite (inférieure ou égale à 60 micromètres).The essential for the optical ignition is ensured is that the igniter stage 10 comprises a first composition (and / or a secondary explosion explosive) having a particle size perfectly controlled and relatively reduced (less than or equal to 60 micrometers).

Cette première composition pyrotechnique est chargée dans un étui 5 qui est enveloppé par un moyen d'isolation thermique 12. Ce moyen d'isolation thermique 12 comporte une enveloppe réalisée en un matériau céramique, en une matière plastique ou bien composite. Le plastique employé pourra être par exemple un thermoplastique type polyamide PA66.This first pyrotechnic composition is loaded into a case 5 which is enveloped by a thermal insulation means 12. This thermal insulation means 12 comprises a casing made of a ceramic material, a plastic or composite material. The plastic used may for example be a thermoplastic type polyamide PA66.

Un matériau céramique pourra être par exemple à base de silice et choisi parmi les céramiques ayant une forte résistance thermique. La céramique est préférée car, en raison de sa porosité, ses qualités d'isolation thermique naturelle sont importantes.A ceramic material may for example be based on silica and selected from ceramics having a high thermal resistance. Ceramic is preferred because, due to its porosity, its natural thermal insulation qualities are important.

L'étage inflammateur ainsi constitué comporte une plaque métallique projetable 6 (aussi appelée dans la présente description élément projeté 6) placée sur le revêtement céramique à l'extérieur de celui ci, à l'opposé de la fibre optique 3. Le vissage de la partie arrière 2a sur la partie centrale 2b permet d'appliquer le fond de l'étage inflammateur 10 (recouvert par le moyen d'isolation 12) contre la plaque 6 qui se trouve alors pincée entre l'isolant 12 et la partie avant 2c du corps.The igniter stage thus constituted comprises a projectable metal plate 6 (also referred to herein as the projected element 6) placed on the ceramic coating on the outside thereof, opposite to the optical fiber 3. The screwing of the rear portion 2a on the central portion 2b allows to apply the bottom of the igniter stage 10 (covered by the insulating means 12) against the plate 6 which is then pinched between the insulator 12 and the front portion 2c of the body.

L'étage inflammateur est donc maintenu en position grâce à un filetage 9 solidarisant la partie arrière du corps 2a à la partie centrale du corps 2b. La plaque métallique 6 est en appui par sa périphérie sur un épaulement de la partie avant 2c du corps 2.The igniter stage is thus maintained in position thanks to a threading 9 solidarisant the rear part of the body 2a at the central part of the body 2b. The metal plate 6 is supported by its periphery on a shoulder of the front portion 2c of the body 2.

A une distance D de la plaque métallique projetable 6, dans la partie avant du corps 2c se trouve un explosif secondaire 7 sensible au choc qui forme un étage relais. La distance D sera choisie par l'homme du métier comme étant celle permettant d'obtenir la vitesse de projection optimale au déclenchement par choc de l'explosif secondaire 7 en vertu des caractéristiques de l'étage inflammateur 10, donc notamment de la nature et de la masse de la première composition 4 et de la masse de la plaque 6 et de celle du moyen d'isolation 12.At a distance D from the projectable metal plate 6, in the front part of the body 2c is a secondary explosive 7 sensitive to shock which forms a relay stage. The distance D will be chosen by those skilled in the art as being that which makes it possible to obtain the optimal projection speed at the shock release of the secondary explosive 7 by virtue of the characteristics of the igniter stage 10, and therefore especially of the nature and the mass of the first composition 4 and the mass of the plate 6 and that of the insulating means 12.

Le fonctionnement du détonateur est le suivant :

  • Un rayon lumineux est acheminé par la fibre optique 3 jusqu'à la première composition pyrotechnique 4 (étage inflammateur). Celle-ci réagit en déflagrant provoquant la projection de la plaque métallique projetable 6 vers l'explosif secondaire 7 (étage relais). Le choc provoque alors la détonation de ce dernier qui entraine la réaction de la suite de la chaine pyrotechnique (chaine pyrotechnique non représentée) associée au montage recevant le détonateur.
The operation of the detonator is as follows:
  • A light beam is conveyed by the optical fiber 3 to the first pyrotechnic composition 4 (ignition stage). This reacts in explosion causing the projected metal plate 6 to project to the secondary explosive 7 (relay stage). The shock then causes the detonation of the latter which causes the reaction of the rest of the pyrotechnic chain (pyrotechnic chain not shown) associated with the assembly receiving the detonator.

Pour assurer sa fonction sécuritaire en cas de forte élévation de température, l'invention propose que l'étage inflammateur 10 soit suffisamment isolé thermiquement par le moyen d'isolation thermique 12 afin que celui ci soit protégé de la chaleur ou bien qu'il ne brûle ou ne déflagre qu'après que l'explosif secondaire 7 de la partie avant 2c du détonateur 2 ait lui-même brûlé ou déflagré.To ensure its safety function in case of high temperature rise, the invention proposes that the igniter stage 10 is sufficiently thermally insulated by the thermal insulation means 12 so that it is protected from heat or it does not burns or blows only after the secondary explosive 7 of the front part 2c of the detonator 2 has itself been burned or deflagrated.

Pour définir le moyen d'isolation thermique, l'homme du métier tiendra compte des paramètre suivant :

  • La vitesse d'élévation de la température.
To define the means of thermal insulation, the skilled person will take into account the following parameters:
  • The rate of elevation of the temperature.

Elle est de l'ordre de 150°C/minute pendant un incendie.

  • La résistance thermique du moyen d'isolation.
It is of the order of 150 ° C / minute during a fire.
  • The thermal resistance of the insulation means.

La résistance thermique est inférieure ou égale à 0,24 W.m-1.K-1 (Watts par mètre et par Kelvin) pour le plastique PA66.

  • Le temps de dégradation des compositions pyrotechniques et leur température minimale de dégradation.
The thermal resistance is less than or equal to 0.24 Wm -1 .K -1 (Watts per meter and Kelvin) for PA66 plastic.
  • The degradation time of the pyrotechnic compositions and their minimum degradation temperature.

Pour que les compositions précitées se dégradent thermiquement, il faut moins de 30 secondes à 230°C.For the aforementioned compositions to degrade thermally, it takes less than 30 seconds at 230 ° C.

Ainsi l'homme du métier déterminera l'épaisseur minimale E (épaisseur pouvant aller de 0,5 à 2 mm, épaisseur mieux visible à la figure 2) du moyen d'isolation 12 pour assurer un décalage temporel suffisant entre l'arrivée à un niveau de température donné à l'extérieur et l'arrivée au même niveau à l'intérieur du moyen d'isolation 12.Thus the skilled person will determine the minimum thickness E (thickness ranging from 0.5 to 2 mm, thickness better visible at the figure 2 ) of the insulating means 12 to ensure a sufficient time lag between the arrival at a given temperature level outside and the arrival at the same level inside the insulating means 12.

L'épaisseur sera choisie telle qu'il y ait un décalage temporel d'au moins 30 secondes entre l'instant où la température à l'extérieur du moyen d'isolation 12 est de 230°C et l'instant où la température à l'intérieur du moyen isolant 12 est de 230°C.The thickness will be chosen such that there is a time lag of at least 30 seconds between the instant when the temperature outside the insulation means 12 is 230 ° C. and the instant when the temperature at the inside of the insulating means 12 is 230 ° C.

Dans des conditions d'incendie telles qu'évoquées auparavant et pour les matériaux et compositions précités et pour l'épaisseur d'isolation adaptée, au-delà de 30 secondes, la composition pyrotechnique secondaire 7 est en effet décomposée.In fire conditions as mentioned above and for the aforementioned materials and compositions and for the appropriate insulation thickness, beyond 30 seconds, the secondary pyrotechnic composition 7 is indeed decomposed.

La composition pyrotechnique primaire 4 étant pendant cet intervalle protégée par le moyen d'isolation thermique, elle ne réagit pas. Au delà des 30 secondes, elle peut alors réagir sans crainte de déclenchement d'une détonation.The primary pyrotechnic composition 4 being during this interval protected by the thermal insulation means, it does not react. Beyond 30 seconds, she can then react without fear of triggering a detonation.

Différentes variantes sont possibles sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Ainsi, selon la figure 2 le moyen d'isolation thermique pourra associer une enveloppe 12a réalisée en un premier matériau isolant thermique et obturée par un bouchon 12b réalisé en un deuxième matériau isolant thermique.Different variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. So, according to the figure 2 the thermal insulation means may associate an envelope 12a made of a first thermal insulating material and closed by a plug 12b made of a second thermal insulating material.

L'enveloppe 12a recevant la composition pyrotechnique pourra par exemple être réalisée en matériau céramique et le bouchon 12b pourra être réalisé en plastique. La céramique étant très fragile, l'emploi d'un bouchon en plastique permet d'obturer l'ensemble sans risque de fissuration.The envelope 12a receiving the pyrotechnic composition may for example be made of ceramic material and the plug 12b may be made of plastic. The ceramic is very fragile, the use of a plastic plug allows to seal all without risk of cracking.

D'autres modes de réalisation sont possibles, l'étui chargé 5, ou directement son chargement d'explosif secondaire 4 dans le cas ou aucun étui n'est utilisé (explosif tolérant une compressibilité inférieure à 45 MPa par exemple), peut être recouverts de céramique par frittage par exemple.Other embodiments are possible, the loaded case 5, or directly loading secondary explosive 4 in the case where no case is used (explosive tolerant compressibility less than 45 MPa for example), can be covered ceramic by sintering for example.

On a décrit l'invention avec un étage inflammateur initié par une fibre optique, mais l'invention peut également être mise en oeuvre avec un étage inflammateur initié d'une façon plus classique par l'énergie électrique, par exemple un inflammateur à fil chaud ou à fil explosé.The invention has been described with an igniter stage initiated by an optical fiber, but the invention can also be implemented with an igniter stage initiated in a more conventional manner by electrical energy, for example a hot-wire igniter. or exploded wire.

Claims (7)

  1. A detonator (1) comprising a plate (6) projected by a squib stage (10) comprising at least a first pyrotechnic composition and/or a first explosive (4), plate (6) projected on a relay stage comprising at least a secondary explosive (7), detonator (1) characterized in that it comprises a thermal insulation means (12) surrounding the squib stage (10) to delay its temperature rise, so that the squib stage (10) is protected from heat or burns or deflagrates only after the secondary explosive (7) has itself burnt or deflagrated.
  2. The detonator (1) comprising a projected plate (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation means (12) comprises a casing made of a ceramic material.
  3. The detonator (1) comprising a projected plate (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation means (12) comprises a casing made of a plastic or composite material.
  4. The detonator (1) comprising a projected plate (6) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thermal insulation means (12) associates a casing made of a first thermal insulating material and closed by a plug made of a second thermal insulating material.
  5. The detonator (1) comprising a projected plate (6) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the one or more materials constituting the thermal insulation means (12) have a thermal conductivity lower than 0.24 W.m-1.K-1.
  6. The detonator (1) comprising a projected plate (6) according to claim 5, characterized in that the thickness (E) of the insulation means (12) is greater than 0.5 mm.
  7. The detonator (1) comprising a projected plate (6) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first pyrotechnic composition or the first explosive (4) of the squib stage is in contact with the end of an optical fiber.
EP12174520.2A 2011-08-01 2012-06-29 Security detonator Active EP2554529B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1102413A FR2978762B1 (en) 2011-08-01 2011-08-01 SECURITY DETONATOR

Publications (2)

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EP2554529A1 EP2554529A1 (en) 2013-02-06
EP2554529B1 true EP2554529B1 (en) 2014-02-26

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EP12174520.2A Active EP2554529B1 (en) 2011-08-01 2012-06-29 Security detonator

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US (1) US8915188B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2554529B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2978762B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11131530B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2021-09-28 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc Opto-thermal laser detonator

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2978762B1 (en) 2013-08-02
US20140109787A1 (en) 2014-04-24
FR2978762A1 (en) 2013-02-08
US8915188B2 (en) 2014-12-23
EP2554529A1 (en) 2013-02-06

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