EP1046420B1 - Conditioning device for liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

The inserts (20a, 20b) have recesses (23) arranged in the sealing switch (29a, 29b) acting upon the sealing surface (B). The liquid is swirled between the inserts (20a, 20b) and the sealing switch (29a, 29b) and through the recesses (23). Preparation device for fluids, particularly fluid fuels, has a housing (2) which has at least one through chamber (3) with through path for a liquid. One or several movable inserts (20a, 20b) are provided in the through chamber (3). Each insert (20a, with a sealing surface (B) is supported on a sealing switch (29a, 29b). The inserts (20a, 20b) are impinged against the stream direction using a force e.g. its own weight and/or the force of one or several springs (19a, 19b) and are changeable through flo cross sections.

Description

The invention relates to a conditioner for liquids, in particular fluid Fuels.

From US 4,611,615A is a tubular conditioner for the treatment of liquid Petroleum products has become known, which is intended in particular to serve paraffin and others Avoid deposits on pipe walls. From this document is the use of permanent magnets in connection with fluidized fluid areas as known out.

Another preparer is disclosed in EP 0 277 112 A3 and accordingly states Improvement, as the movable magnetic insert described therein an adaptation allows different flow rates and both very low and at larger flow yields the results.

CH 366 518 shows a homogenizing device consisting of a hollow Outer body in which an inner body is mounted These two bodies have two nested conical work surfaces in the resting state, if that to be homogenized Medium on the inner body exerts no pressure, an annular passage opening form. With this device, however, is an adaptation to different flow rates not optimally possible.

An object of the invention is a conditioner of the type mentioned for constructively design a wide variety of fluids, on the one hand an adaptation to different flow rates is possible, and on the other hand, an intensive turbulence the liquid takes place in order to increase it compared to known conditioners To achieve reprocessing rate.

This object is achieved by a conditioner according to claim 1.

The invention thus provides a conditioner having a plurality of parallel flow chambers and, in the inserts in a flow chamber according to the flow pressure of the liquid from the associated sealing shoulders be lifted, which form passage cross sections for the liquid. At the Flowing through the liquid between the sealing surfaces of the inserts and the respective Sealing shoulders, the liquid is intensively swirled in the recesses of the sealing surfaces. The resulting treatment of the liquid leads, for example, in fuels lower consumption and a reduction in the total amount of harmful exhaust gases from Engines.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the depressions in the form of formed one or more grooves, wherein the grooves formed substantially annular are, and the grooves have substantially semicircular cross-sections.

In order to achieve a strong turbulence, it also proves to be advantageous if everyone Insert in a region facing away from its sealing surface has a stop surface, each Stop surface is assigned a arranged in the flow direction stop shoulder, which a lifting movement of the inserts from the sealing shoulders as a result of the flow pressure limit, in each stop surface channels are provided, and at a lift off the inserts which flows through between the sealing shoulders and the stop shoulders Liquid flows essentially through the channels.

Conveniently, these are essentially radially extending channels.

An advantageous embodiment of the conditioner is characterized in that the Channels are divided into a plurality of vortex chambers, wherein the vortex chambers by means in essentially arranged perpendicular to the channel wall webs are separated from each other.

To achieve a high Verwirbelungsgeschwindigkeit the webs between the vortex chambers mutually beveled, so that wedge-shaped, offset passages for the Give fluid.

To the design and manufacture of a conditioner according to the invention as simple as possible To hold, it proves to be advantageous if the sealing and stop shoulders than from each other opposite surfaces of a perforated disc are formed.

In an expedient embodiment, the perforated disks are by means of intermediate elements kept at a distance to each other.

In order to allow a flow around the inserts in the flow chamber, it is advantageous if each insert in a projecting against the flow direction in a first perforated disc Area inlet openings, in a flow direction in a second perforated disc projecting area outflow openings, as well as in an intermediate middle area Overflow openings, wherein the openings as substantially in the flow direction extending grooves are formed with a semicircular cross-section.

Advantageously, the openings are substantially in the flow direction Grooves formed with a semicircular cross section and evenly distributed along the Arranged edges of an insert.

In a field-proven embodiment of the invention, the inserts are substantially disc-shaped and have both in an in and against the Flow area lying area recesses for receiving end portions of Compression springs on.

As low, it turns out, if in an inlet region of the flow chamber, a first Perforated disk by means of a sealing and damping ring against an inner edge of Durchflußkammer, and in an outlet region of the flow chamber, a second perforated disc by means of a sealing and damping ring against the at least one derivation disc is supported. In this way vehicle vibrations can be intercepted, so that one of these undisturbed fluid movement is possible.

Another possibility for the treatment of liquids arises when the perforated disc are formed of electrically conductive material, wherein the electrochemical Potential of the perforated disks with each other or with respect to other electrically conductive Divide within the flow chamber is different.

It may also be advantageous if the inserts of electrically conductive material are formed, wherein the electrochemical potential of the inserts with each other or differs from other electrically conductive parts within the flow chamber.

Of particular advantage in terms of an additional influence of liquids it, if the perforated discs and / or the inserts are designed as magnets.

In a preferred, easily manufactured embodiment, the flow chamber Circular cross-section and the inserts are formed substantially rotationally symmetrical.

In order to allow a permanent circulation of the liquid is between an outlet and an inlet region of the flow chambers a Rückflußbypass provided, wherein the Return bypass has an overflow channel and a return flow, and in the Bypass a pump is provided. About this reflux bypass is a certain proportion of already treated liquid again with new liquid flowing into the conditioner mixed and again passed through the flow chambers, what the degree of preparation the fluid increases. By means of the pump, which, for example, in terms of their speed is adjustable, it can be done a flexible adjustment to the respective amount of liquid. Furthermore, the flow rate of the liquid in the flow chambers be varied.

Depending on the particular field of application of the conditioner, several flow chambers can be used be connected via a distribution channel with a common inlet channel, but it may also be advantageous if several flow chambers each separate Have inlets. Likewise, several flow chambers via a collecting channel with be connected to a common outlet, or more Durchflußkammern each separately Have outlets. When using a conditioner with, for example, separate Inlets and separate outlets for each flow chamber may be about each cylinder an engine individually and charged according to the injection quantity required in each case become.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Aufbereiter,

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch einen Aufbereiter nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

einen detaillierten Schnitt durch eine Durchflußkammer,

Fig. 4

einen Schnitt durch einen der Strömungsrichtung abgewandten Bereich eines Einsatzes,

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf einen der Strömungsrichtung abgewandten Bereich eines Einsatzes,

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt durch einen der Strömungsrichtung zugewandten Bereich eines Einsatzes,

Fig. 7

eine Draufsicht auf einen der Strömungsrichtung zugewandten Bereich eines Einsatzes,

Fig. 8

eine Detailansicht eines in einer Anschlagfläche eines Einsatzes verlaufenden Kanals,

Fig. 9

einen Längsschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Aufbereiters, und

Fig. 10

einen Querschnitt eines Aufbereiters nach Fig. 9.

The invention and advantageous embodiments thereof are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In this show

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through a conditioner according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a cross section through a conditioner of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

a detailed section through a flow chamber,

Fig. 4

a section through a region of an insert facing away from the flow direction,

Fig. 5

a plan view of a direction away from the flow direction of an insert,

Fig. 6

a section through a direction of flow facing the region of an insert,

Fig. 7

a top view of a flow direction facing portion of an insert,

Fig. 8

a detailed view of a running in a stop surface of an insert channel,

Fig. 9

a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a conditioner according to the invention, and

Fig. 10

a cross section of a conditioner of FIG. 9.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a housing 2, which is connected by means of several screws 4 and 6 sealing rings with a cover 1. The housing 2 has mounting holes 5, which for mounting the conditioner on For example, serve a fuel line. Liquid flows in via an inlet channel 10 Direction of the arrow EF in the conditioner and is via a distribution channel 11 to the Flow chambers 3 transported. The conditioner shown has four of these flow chambers 3 on. In a preferred embodiment of a conditioner according to the invention the flow chambers 3 are substantially cylindrical. After this Flowing through the flow chambers 3, in which the treatment of the liquid take place, this flows through an outlet channel 7, which is arranged in the cover 1, in the direction AF arrow, back out of the dresser and becomes a consumer, e.g. B. a motor, spent.

A portion of the liquid processed in the Durchflußkammem 3 flows through a Rückflußbypass, which consists of an overflow 8 and a return channel 9, back in the inlet channel 10, where the treated liquid with fresh incoming liquid mixed and then flows back into the flow chambers 3. For better Promotion of the backflow liquid, a pump 13 is provided in the Rückflußbypass. The pump 13 is by means of a sealing ring 12 against an inner wall of the Rückflußbypasses sealed and is a power supply 14 with electrical energy provided. With this reflux bypass can be achieved that the liquid in the Conditioner in permanent circulation is what the residence time of the liquid in the Considerably increased conditioner and thus leads to a much more intensive treatment. The pump 13 is adjustable in terms of their speed to a flexible adaptation to the Allow liquid and the required flow rate.

Fig. 3 shows a detailed section through a substantially cylindrical flow chamber 3. In this flow chamber 3 two inserts 20a, 20b are arranged, which with sealing surfaces B on sealing shoulders 29a, 29b rest. The sealing shoulders 29a, 29b are located thereby facing away from the flow direction surface of perforated disks 16 a, 16b. On a surface facing the direction of flow, the perforated disks 16b, 16c Stop shoulders 30a, 30b, which a lifting movement of the inserts 20a, 20b of the Limit sealing shoulders 29a, 29b due to the flow pressure.

The perforated disks 16a-16c are at a distance from one another by means of intermediate elements 17a, 17b held, these intermediate elements 17a, 17b made of plastic or a non-ferromagnetic Material can be made. In a the inlet channel 10 facing Area is the perforated disc 16a by means of a sealing and damping ring 15a against an inner edge of the flow chamber 3 supported. In an outlet region of the flow chamber 3, a discharge disk 18 with discharge channels 32 is provided. The Perforated disc 16c and the discharge disc 18 are by means of a sealing and damping ring 15b supported against each other.

The inserts 20a, 20b are against the flow direction with the force of springs 19a, 19b and - depending on the selected installation orientation of the conditioner - additionally with her Deadweight applied. The inserts have to, as shown in Fig. 4 - Fig. 7, Recesses 25a, 25b for receiving the end portions of the springs 19a, 19b. An end area the spring 19b is in a corresponding recess in the dissipation disc 18th added.

The inserts 20a, 20b are substantially rotationally symmetric discs, which in a middle region along its axis of rotation a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter the intermediate elements 17a, 17b have. In one of the flow direction facing or remote region of the inserts 20a, 20b, they have a lower, the diameter of the inner diameter of the perforated disks 16a - 16c adapted diameter. The diameters in these three areas are dimensioned so that the inserts 20a, 20b indeed as close as possible to the intermediate elements 17a, 17b or to the perforated discs 16a - 16c abut, a smooth movement of the inserts 20a, 20b in the flow direction, however is guaranteed.

It should be noted at this point that the description presented here to an embodiment The invention is based, in which the cylindrical flow chambers. 3 Have circular cross section. However, in other convenient embodiments also flow chambers 3 with other cross sections, such as square or rectangular, be provided, which naturally a corresponding adaptation of the shape of the Inserts 20a, 20b, the perforated discs 16a - 16c, the intermediate elements 17a, 17b, the Damping and sealing rings 15a, 15b and the dissipation disc 18 makes necessary.

The liquid flowing in through an inlet channel 10 into a flow chamber 3 lifts the liquid Inserts 20a, 20b corresponding to the flow pressure against the force of the springs 19a, 19b or against the weight of the inserts from the associated sealing shoulders 29a, 29b. The liquid flows over inflow openings 27, which run in the direction of flow preferably formed as grooves with a semicircular cross-section, between the Sealing shoulders 29a, 29b and the cooperating sealing surfaces B of the inserts 20a, 20b. The inflow openings 27 are in one between the perforated disks 16a, 16b projecting portion of the inserts 20a, 20b, uniformly along an edge of the inserts 20a, 20b, arranged.

As can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 7, the inserts 20a, 20b are in the sealing surfaces B Wells, which in an exemplary embodiment as annular grooves 23rd are formed with a semicircular cross section. By passing the liquid between the sealing shoulder 29a, 29b and the sealing surfaces B, there is a strong turbulence the liquid in the grooves 23, giving a strong conditioning effect of the liquid entails.

At the edge of the inserts 20a, 20b, in their middle region, are uniform, immediate adjacent to the intermediate elements 17a, 17b in the flow direction overflow openings 24, which are formed as grooves with a semicircular cross-section provided. over These overflow openings 24, which can be seen from FIGS. 4 to 7, enter the liquid the region of the inserts 20a, 20b facing away from the flow direction. The inserts 20a, 20b are thereby from the pressure of the liquid substantially against the stop shoulders 30a, 30b pressed. The liquid flows via radially extending channels 28 in one of the flow direction remote stop surface A from the outer edge of the inserts 20a, 20b radially inwardly, and from there via outflow openings 31 between the perforated disc 16b, 16c and the respective insert 20a, 20b, in one of two inserts 20a, 20b or an insert 20b and the discharge plate 18 formed distribution chamber 26. The outflow 31 are usually again as running in the flow direction Grooves formed with semicircular cross-section. In a field-tested embodiment of the Invention, each channel 28 is associated with an overflow opening 24.

As can be seen from FIG. 8, the channels 28 running in the stop surface A are present divided by webs 22 in vortex chambers 21. In an advantageous embodiment the webs 22 are mutually beveled, so that wedge-shaped, offset passages for give the liquid. Other embodiments are conceivable, such as a stepped shape of the webs 22. The staggered passages, the flowing through Liquid further strongly swirled and thus processed.

After the liquid has flowed around the last insert 20b, it comes out of the distribution chamber 26 via the discharge channels 32 in the discharge plate 18 from the flow chamber 3 out. From there flows part of the processed in the flow chamber 3 liquid via an outlet channel 7 to a consumer, another part of the processed Liquid is conducted via the reflux bypass back into the inlet channel 10, where it is mixed with fresh incoming liquid and then again through the Durchflußkammem 3 flows. This repeated passage of already treated liquid through the flow chambers 3 are known to increase the recoverable effect.

The described structure of Durchflußkammern 3 with perforated discs 16a - 16c and intermediate elements 17a, 17b which keep the perforated disks 16a - 16c at a distance from each other, may also be modified to the effect that the perforated discs 16a - 16c with the housing. 2 are firmly connected. A use of intermediate elements 17a, 17b is then no longer necessary, however, is a simple insertion of the inserts 20a, 20b in the Durchflußkammem 3 no longer possible when assembling the conditioner. To the inserts 20a, 20b to be able to use in the flow chambers 3, in this case, a two-part housing 2 necessary.

To the degree of preparation for certain liquids, such as fuels, still too improve, it proves useful if the liquid additionally a magnetic Treatment receives. For this purpose, the inserts 20a, 20b and / or the perforated discs 16a - 16c be designed as magnets. The strongly vortexed liquid becomes at its Flow past the magnet as a result of the Lorentz force magnetically treated, wherein this processing due to the strong turbulence over a wide range of speeds, and thus extremely effective.

Preferably, the magnets are formed as permanent magnets, as these are no electrical Consume energy. Usually, the magnets are axially magnetized, the same name Poles can face each other, however, depending on the requirements of the Dresser magnetization also be chosen differently. If a controllable magnetic field is necessary, may also be thought of the use of electromagnets.

Further treatment of the liquid by electrochemical means is possible if a electric potential gradient is built in the flow chambers 3, which, for example by using inserts 20a, 20b and / or perforated disks 16a-16c of electrical conductive material can be achieved. It is important that the electrochemical Potentials of the inserts 20a, 20b and / or perforated disks 16a - 16c with each other or with respect to other electrically conductive parts in the respective flow chamber 3 differ. Apart from this passive generation of an electric field gradient Such can also be achieved by electrodes in the flow chambers 3, the different potentials are laid. These can be electrical leads to the Be provided to the outside electrodes, which are placed for example on a battery.

Finally, FIGS. 9 and 10 show an inventive conditioner for liquids represented in which each of the housing 2 arranged in the flow chambers 3 via a separate inlet 33 has. Furthermore, it can be seen that each of these flow chambers 3 has its own outlet 34, wherein the various outlets 34 in a cover. 1 of the conditioner are arranged. As can be seen from a comparison of Figure 1 with Fig. 9 can, while allowing an exchange of the corresponding cover in a simple manner an adaptation of the conditioner to the respectively necessary number of outlets. separate Outlets 34 have the advantage that, for example, each cylinder of an engine individually and can be loaded according to the required injection quantity of fuel.

As described, the inserts 20a, 20b are subjected to a force, this force being by springs 19a, 19b and / or the weight of the inserts 20a, 20b comes. It's still too conceivable, this force by a magnetic action between the inserts 20a, 20b and for example, the perforated discs 16a, 16b apply.

Claims (15)

1. A processor for liquids, particularly liquid combustibles, comprising a casing (2) having a plurality of flow chambers (3) of which each has at least one flow path for a liquid, each of said flow chambers (3) being provided with one or more movable inserts (20a, 20b), each of which can be supported by a seal face (B) on at least one sealing shoulder (29a, 29b), which inserts (20a, 20b) are subjected to the action of a force acting against the direction of flow, eg, their own weight and/or the force of one or more springs (19a, 19b), and each of said inserts (20a, 20b) exhibits recesses (23) in said seal face (B) cooperating with an assigned sealing shoulder (29a, 29b) so that variable flow regions are formed when said inserts (20a, 20b) are lifted from said sealing shoulders (29a, 29b) and the liquid flowing through between said inserts (20a, 20b) and said sealing shoulders (29a, 29b) is subjected to vorticity in said recesses (23).
2. A processor as defined in claim 1, characterized in that said recesses (23) are in the form of one or more substantially annular notches of substantially semicircular cross-section.
3. A processor as defined in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that each of said inserts (20a, 20b) exhibits a stop limit surface (A) in a region that is remote from its seal face (B), that to each stop limit surface (A) there is assigned a stop limit shoulder (30a, 30b) disposed in the direction of flow to have a delimiting effect on the amount of lift of said inserts (20a, 20b) from said sealing shoulders (29a, 29b) caused by the head of liquid, that channels (28) are provided in each of said stop limit surfaces (A), and that when said inserts (20a, 20b) are lifted, the liquid flowing through the space between said sealing shoulders (29a, 29b) and said stop limit shoulders (30a, 30b) flows substantially through said channels (28).
4. A processor as defined in claim 3, characterized by substantially radially extending channels (28), which are subdivided into a number of turbulence chambers (21) separated from each other by means of fins (22) disposed substantially normal to the wall of said channels, which fins (22) disposed between said turbulence chambers (21) are reciprocally bevelled so that wedge-shaped, staggered passages for the liquid are formed.
5. A processor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said sealing and stop limit shoulders (29a; 29b, 30a; 30b) are in the form the surfaces of a perforated disk (16a; 16b; 16c) that face away from each other.
6. A processor as defined in claim 5, characterized in that said perforated disks (5) are spaced apart by means of intermediate elements (17a, 17b).
7. A processor as defined in any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that each insert (20a, 20b) has
   x) inflow openings (27) over a region extending in a counter-flow direction into a first perforated disk (16a, 16b),
   x) outflow openings (31) over a region extending in the direction of flow into a second perforated disk (16b; 16c), and
   x) overflow openings (24) in an interposed central region,
   which openings (24, 27, 31) are in the form of notches of semicircular cross-section extending substantially in the direction of flow.
8. A processor as defined in claim 7, characterized in that said openings (24, 27, 31) are uniformly distributed along the edges of an insert (20a, 20b).
9. A processor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each insert (20a, 20b) is substantially disk-shaped.
10. A processor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each of said inserts (20a, 20b) has recesses (25a, 25b) both in regions thereof extending in the direction of flow and in regions extending contrary to the direction of flow, for the purpose of accommodating end regions of compression springs (19a, 19b).
11. A processor as defined in claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that in an inlet region of said flow chamber (3) a first perforated disk (16a) is braced by means of a sealing and damping ring (15a) against an inner edge of the flow chamber, and in an outlet region of said flow chamber (3) a second perforated disk (16c) is braced by means of a sealing and damping ring (15b) against a leakage disk (18).
12. A processor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said perforated disks (16a to 16c) are of electrically conductive material, and the electrochemical potential of said perforated disks (16a to 16c) relative to each other differs from that relative to other electrically conductive parts within the flow chamber (3) and/or said inserts (20a, 20b) are of electrically conductive material, and the electrochemical potential of said inserts (20a, 20b) relative to each other differs from that relative to other electrically conductive parts within the flow chamber (3).
13. A processor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that each of said perforated disks (16a to 16c) and/or each of said inserts (20a, 20b) is in the form of a magnet.
14. A processor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a backflow by-pass (8, 9) is provided between an outlet region and an inlet region of said flow chambers (3).
15. A processor as defined in claim 14, characterized in that said backflow by-pass (8, 9) has an overflow channel (8) and a backflow channel (9), and a pump (13) is provided in said by-pass (8.9).

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