EP1044346A1 - Method at ventilation systems and arrangement for distributing air to room units - Google Patents

Method at ventilation systems and arrangement for distributing air to room units

Info

Publication number
EP1044346A1
EP1044346A1 EP99901257A EP99901257A EP1044346A1 EP 1044346 A1 EP1044346 A1 EP 1044346A1 EP 99901257 A EP99901257 A EP 99901257A EP 99901257 A EP99901257 A EP 99901257A EP 1044346 A1 EP1044346 A1 EP 1044346A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
room
conduit
conduits
rooms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99901257A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1044346B1 (en
Inventor
Göran BERNHARDSSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PLUGGIT INTERNATIONAL NV
Original Assignee
Bernhardsson Goran
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bernhardsson Goran filed Critical Bernhardsson Goran
Publication of EP1044346A1 publication Critical patent/EP1044346A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1044346B1 publication Critical patent/EP1044346B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method in ventilation systems and to an arrangement for distributing air to room units.
  • the air is distributed to each room by branch conduits connected to one or serveral main conduits.
  • the flow of air to each room is adjusted by individual settings of the inflow means of the rooms.
  • the inflow means in rooms close to the input of the main conduit have to be throttled pretty hard to stop these rooms from having a too big flow of air compared to rooms situated further down the main conduit. Such a throttling will often cause a disturbing noise.
  • the main object of the present invention is to easily create possibilities for an simple installation of a venting system having a prearranged basic setting of the necessary air flow to each room unit.
  • Another object of the invention is to disclose a method for calculating the whole ventilation system regarding needed or desired air change for each room unit included in the system.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to disclose a method using a computerized calculating program with a simulating capacity in connection to the dimensioning of venting system in which priority can be done for perfect ventilation in certain room units and for different loads and during different conditions.
  • Another object of the present invention is to obtain a ventilation system which is easy to install alsor for non-skilled workers .
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to obtain a venting technique in which flow meters are arranged in each flow channel to each room unit and where flow measure data from the flow meters are collected in a central microprocessorized control unit, which, regarding to the changes in some or any of the flow amounts in the flow channels, will calculate which changes in the settings of the throttle means in all of the flow channels will give the best achievable ventilation regarding priority and comfort.
  • Another object with the present invention is obtain a ventilating technique being used both with an over pressure in the inflow means and with a self-draught in the outflow means, wherein an automatic throttling of the flow in the outflow means will take place by an increasing chimney action, which throttling occcurs by inserting a heat exchanger element in the outflow channel(s).
  • the numbers of branch conduits is also known as well as the length of each separate branch conduit included in the system which means that the pessure drop in each branch conduit is calculated from the necessary flow to each room unit.
  • the air is distributed to the different rooms by branch conduits connected to a distributing central.
  • the ventilation system accordning to the present invention includes inflow means with insignificant pressure drop compared to the pressure drop in the branch conduit, i.e. the resistance of the channel.
  • the distributing centrals according to the invention have been provided with adjustable throttling means in each connection for branch conduits, which, when knowing the pressure drop characteristics of the throttling means and the length of the branch conduit, will, from the very beginning, allow a final adjustment/ setting of the air flow to each room. This adjustment is calculated in advance.
  • the ventilation system according to the invention can be adjusted and balanced without any measuring of the air flow or pressure drops in the system.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a conventional ventilation structure
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of a ventilation structure workning according to the invention.
  • a blower means or a distributing central 1 a main conduit 2 and branch conduits 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d together with inflow means 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d are shown.
  • Most of the pressure drop is normally in the inflow means, which very easily will cause a disturbing noise.
  • the adjusting of the air distribution has to be done by checking all the inflow means and performing measures of pressur drops and air flows repeadetly to have a well balanced plant.
  • blower means or a distributing central 5 with branch conduits 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d and 6e together with throttle means 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d and 7e as well.
  • inflow means 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d och 8e At this plant the pressure from the distributing central 5 is essentially constant. The desired air flow can be adjusted for each rooom with knowledge of the flow-/pressure drop characteristics of the branch conduits 6 and of the corresponding characteristics of the throttling means 7. The pressure drop in the non-adjustable inflow means 8 is insignificant. All of the adjustments can be performed at one position and without any measurings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method in ventilation systems with separate branch conduits (6) to each room to be vented to distribute air to the rooms in flows adequately adapted for each of the separate room. The invention is characterized in that the air to each of the separate rooms are fed by branch conduits (6) having a flexible cover permitting a non rectilinear laying in a system of joists and in walls, and being connected to one or several air distributing centrals (5) wherein means (7) are used for an individual adjustment of the flow of air to each separate branch conduit (6) emerging in the rooms through inflow means (8) with a pressure drop being low compared to the pressure drop in the conduit (6) relating to friction losses.

Description

METHOD AT VENTILAΗON SYSTEMS AND ARRANGEMENT FOR DISTRIBUTING AIR TO ROOM UNITS
The present invention relates to a method in ventilation systems and to an arrangement for distributing air to room units.
In conventional ventilation systems the air is distributed to each room by branch conduits connected to one or serveral main conduits. The flow of air to each room is adjusted by individual settings of the inflow means of the rooms. The inflow means in rooms close to the input of the main conduit have to be throttled pretty hard to stop these rooms from having a too big flow of air compared to rooms situated further down the main conduit. Such a throttling will often cause a disturbing noise.
The individual settings and adjustments of each room to a desired flow of air is difficult and time-consuming to obtain as each adjustment in one room will influence the flows of the rest of connected rooms. To obtain a desired balance the adjustments and the settings have to be carried out in several steps. Nevertheless, after a final balancing of the system the set balance can be altered by resetting the inflow means in any of the rooms to reduce draught or to improve the ventilation.
The main object of the present invention is to easily create possibilities for an simple installation of a venting system having a prearranged basic setting of the necessary air flow to each room unit.
Another object of the invention is to disclose a method for calculating the whole ventilation system regarding needed or desired air change for each room unit included in the system.
Yet another object of the present invention is to disclose a method using a computerized calculating program with a simulating capacity in connection to the dimensioning of venting system in which priority can be done for perfect ventilation in certain room units and for different loads and during different conditions.
Another object of the present invention is to obtain a ventilation system which is easy to install alsor for non-skilled workers .
Yet another object of the present invention is to obtain a venting technique in which flow meters are arranged in each flow channel to each room unit and where flow measure data from the flow meters are collected in a central microprocessorized control unit, which, regarding to the changes in some or any of the flow amounts in the flow channels, will calculate which changes in the settings of the throttle means in all of the flow channels will give the best achievable ventilation regarding priority and comfort.
Another object with the present invention is obtain a ventilating technique being used both with an over pressure in the inflow means and with a self-draught in the outflow means, wherein an automatic throttling of the flow in the outflow means will take place by an increasing chimney action, which throttling occcurs by inserting a heat exchanger element in the outflow channel(s).
The above mentioned objects are obtained by a method and by an arrangement having the characterizing clauses mentioned in the claims.
By having the branch conduits to the separate rooms equipped with a flexible casing and to have these conduits connected to one or several air distributing centrals with devices for an individual adjustment of the air flow to each separate branch conduit and as these conduits emerge in the room with a pressure drop being low compared to the pressure drop caused by friction in the conduit, an adjustment and setting of the flow amount to each room unit for each of the air distributing branch conduit can take place in connection to the distributing channel, which means that the branch conduit can emerge in the room unit without any throttling, i.e. all pressure drop will be in the conduit(s) and not in the inflow means or in valves in connection to each room unit. Hereby conduits of different size and/or numbers can be arranged from the distributing central to each room unit. This can be taken care of already at the installation of the system according the invention as the knowledge regarding the amounts of air needed to obtain a satisfactory ventilation/air exchange of each room unit is known in advance. The numbers of branch conduits is also known as well as the length of each separate branch conduit included in the system which means that the pessure drop in each branch conduit is calculated from the necessary flow to each room unit. By having the possibility to gradually throttle the flows at the distributing central at each floor by using throttle means, a complete solution regarding the numbers of branch conduits to each room, in view of the length of each branch conduit, will e.g. state as follows: "1 ,8 branch conduits to the bath -/washing room unit on the second floor", which means that one fully open branch conduit + a 20 % throttled branch conduit shall be used for this room unit. This calculation and also the installing instructions will be recieved with the delivery of the venting system. This means that also non-skilled workers can install the system. In the simplest application of the invention any change or adjustment does not need to be done after installation. The installation will in its entirety work very satisfying.
Thus, in a ventilation system according to the invention the air is distributed to the different rooms by branch conduits connected to a distributing central. The ventilation system accordning to the present invention includes inflow means with insignificant pressure drop compared to the pressure drop in the branch conduit, i.e. the resistance of the channel. Thus an accurate calculation of the air distribution in the system can be performed with knowledge of the desired air flow to each room together with knowledge of the length of the branch conduit.
The distributing centrals according to the invention have been provided with adjustable throttling means in each connection for branch conduits, which, when knowing the pressure drop characteristics of the throttling means and the length of the branch conduit, will, from the very beginning, allow a final adjustment/ setting of the air flow to each room. This adjustment is calculated in advance. Thus the ventilation system according to the invention can be adjusted and balanced without any measuring of the air flow or pressure drops in the system.
However in a more sophisticated application of the invention there is a better possibility to perform an effective ventilation with a proportionately simple low powered structure having a low sound level in certain preferred room units, while other secondary room units in certain conditions will have a less effective change of air. In a variant of the invention a greater portion of the capacity of the ventilation system can be used to increase the air flow in a space used as a drying cabinet or room.
According to the invention it is also simple to complete a basic design of the ventilation system according to the invention, i.e. with permanently preinstalled adjustment means for each room unit, with a microprocessor equipped control unit and with air flow sensors in each air distributing conduit by arranging the wiring for these sensors already in the basic design of the system.
The invention will now be described in connection to the enclosed drawings; where
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a conventional ventilation structure; and where
Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of a ventilation structure workning according to the invention.
In fig. 1 a blower means or a distributing central 1, a main conduit 2 and branch conduits 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d together with inflow means 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d are shown. At this plant most of the pressure drop is normally in the inflow means, which very easily will cause a disturbing noise. The adjusting of the air distribution has to be done by checking all the inflow means and performing measures of pressur drops and air flows repeadetly to have a well balanced plant.
At the plant according to the invention - fig. 2 - there are blower means or a distributing central 5 with branch conduits 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d and 6e together with throttle means 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d and 7e as well. Furthermore there are inflow means 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d och 8e. At this plant the pressure from the distributing central 5 is essentially constant. The desired air flow can be adjusted for each rooom with knowledge of the flow-/pressure drop characteristics of the branch conduits 6 and of the corresponding characteristics of the throttling means 7. The pressure drop in the non-adjustable inflow means 8 is insignificant. All of the adjustments can be performed at one position and without any measurings. In bigger plants there can be larger systems according to fig. 2 where several distributing centrals 5 are connected to blower means. Often the main conduit between the differnt distribution centrals 5 have such big aera that the pressures in the different distribution centrals 5 are almost the same. This will simplify the calculations for distribution and adjustments.
The invention is not restricted to the above described embodiment but modifications can be made within the scope of the enclosed claims.

Claims

1. A method in ventilation systems with separate branch conduits (6) to each room to be vented to distribute the air to the rooms in flows adequately adapted for each room, characterized in that the air to each of the separate rooms are fed by branch conduits (6) having a flexible cover permitting a non rectilinear laying in a system of joists and in walls, and being connected to one or several air distributing centrals (5) having means (7) to be used for an individual adjustment of the flow of air to each separate branch conduit (6) emerging into the rooms through inflow means (8) with a pressure drop being low compared to the inherent pressure drop in the conduit (6) relating to friction losses.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributing central(s) (5) is (are) equipped with adjustable means (7) in connection to the separate branch conduits (6), which adjustable means (7) will be given a basic setting in connection to the installing of the ventilation system, and which basic setting is calculated with the aid of a calculating program.
3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the set positions of the adjustable means (7) are activated by a central controlling unit having a microprocessor and a soft ware being unique for the current ventilation system with the marginal conditions and priorities being established regarding blower capacity, lenths of conduits, and need of ventilation for the different room units.
4. Ventilation system with separate brach conduits (6) to each vented room for distribution of the air to the rooms in flows adequately adapted for each room, and for performing the method according to claim 1 , characterized in flow meters arranged in each air flow conduit in the ventilation system, in a central microprocessor equipped controlling unit arranged to recieve signals from the flow meters indicating the current flows in each brach conduit, wherein a changing of the settings of the adjustable means (7) will take place when needed for a comfortable or a priority point of view.
5. Ventilation system according to claim 4, characterized in that heat exchanger means are arranged in the evacuation means at each room unit and in outflow conduits connected thereto to collect the heat energy in the outflowing air.
6. Ventilation system according to claim 5, characterized in that the heat exchanger means also is used as evaporating means in an air dehumidfier and that the room unit is used as a drying room for laundry.
7. A distributing central (A, B) for the connection of branch conduits leading a air flow to several room units and for use at a ventilation system according to claims 4 to 6 and for performing the method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in an outer connecting case, preferably of a plastic material with several adaptors for the branch conduits, and where adjustable means (7) for flow control are arranged at each adaptor.
8. A distributing central according to claim 7, characterized in a microprocessor equipped control unit recieving signals from a flow meter in each branch conduit and which, according to an established program schedule, will activate the adjustable means (7) to re-establish the desired ventilation in the room units as far as possible.
EP99901257A 1998-01-02 1999-01-04 Method at ventilation systems and arrangement for distributing air to room units Expired - Lifetime EP1044346B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9800003 1998-01-02
SE9800003A SE9800003D0 (en) 1998-01-02 1998-01-02 Method for calculating and dimensioning ventilation systems and apparatus for distributing air to room units
PCT/SE1999/000004 WO1999037956A1 (en) 1998-01-02 1999-01-04 Method at ventilation systems and arrangement for distributing air to room units

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1044346A1 true EP1044346A1 (en) 2000-10-18
EP1044346B1 EP1044346B1 (en) 2005-07-27

Family

ID=20409795

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99901257A Expired - Lifetime EP1044346B1 (en) 1998-01-02 1999-01-04 Method at ventilation systems and arrangement for distributing air to room units

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1044346B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002501163A (en)
AT (1) ATE300707T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2083799A (en)
CA (1) CA2317558C (en)
DE (1) DE69926338T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1044346T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2247778T3 (en)
SE (1) SE9800003D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1999037956A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900020868A1 (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-12 Rosso Officine S R L FORCED EXTRACTION SYSTEM OF FUMES IN THE EVENT OF FIRE

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NL1033689C2 (en) * 2007-04-16 2008-12-16 Stork J E Ventilatoren Bv Method and installation for ventilating a number of rooms in a building.
BE1018155A5 (en) * 2008-05-21 2010-06-01 Renson Ventilation Nv Central ventilation system for use in e.g. kitchen, has measurement system to control movement of flow regulator, which is controlled by central electronic circuit board, where measurement system is established in vicinity of flow regulator
EP2295880A1 (en) * 2009-08-20 2011-03-16 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Method and system for ventilating a building
EP2479508B1 (en) 2011-01-21 2016-10-12 STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG Air distribution system
DE202011110359U1 (en) 2011-01-21 2014-02-19 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Air distribution system
DE202011110533U1 (en) 2011-01-21 2014-07-23 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Air distribution system
DE102011053300A1 (en) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-07 Schako Klima Luft, Ferdinand Schad Kg Method for controlling the ventilation of rooms

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AT259822B (en) * 1965-04-22 1968-02-12 Schwarz Walter Ventilation system
NL8403660A (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-16 Salland Koster B V AIR REPLACEMENT DEVICE FOR BUILDINGS, ESPECIALLY CLEARED BUILDINGS.
FI92526B (en) * 1991-10-09 1994-08-15 Vilho Ensio Mulari Ventilation system with process and equipment
US5769315A (en) * 1997-07-08 1998-06-23 Johnson Service Co. Pressure dependent variable air volume control strategy

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO9937956A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900020868A1 (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-12 Rosso Officine S R L FORCED EXTRACTION SYSTEM OF FUMES IN THE EVENT OF FIRE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2317558C (en) 2008-04-15
CA2317558A1 (en) 1999-07-29
DE69926338T2 (en) 2006-06-01
DK1044346T3 (en) 2005-11-21
SE9800003D0 (en) 1998-01-02
JP2002501163A (en) 2002-01-15
ATE300707T1 (en) 2005-08-15
ES2247778T3 (en) 2006-03-01
EP1044346B1 (en) 2005-07-27
AU2083799A (en) 1999-08-09
DE69926338D1 (en) 2005-09-01
WO1999037956A1 (en) 1999-07-29

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