EP1043092B1 - Procédé d'assemblage de deux pièces, pièces destinées à être assemblées grâce à ce procédé et assemblage de deux telles pièces - Google Patents
Procédé d'assemblage de deux pièces, pièces destinées à être assemblées grâce à ce procédé et assemblage de deux telles pièces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1043092B1 EP1043092B1 EP20000420070 EP00420070A EP1043092B1 EP 1043092 B1 EP1043092 B1 EP 1043092B1 EP 20000420070 EP20000420070 EP 20000420070 EP 00420070 A EP00420070 A EP 00420070A EP 1043092 B1 EP1043092 B1 EP 1043092B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spigot
- sleeve
- parts
- assembly
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of assembling two parts, in particular tubular, made of metals different, to metal parts intended to be assembled thanks to this process and an assembly of two pieces of this type.
- FR-A-2 384 563 thus describes a process according to which a machined tubular piece of hard metal is introduced, by force and hot, in a tubular piece of malleable metal, the assembly being obtained by forging.
- the relatively geometry male part complex or hard metal tip can lead faults in the assembly thus produced, these faults which may result in parasitic residual spaces created between the two parts which can be harmful in certain conditions, especially at low temperatures and / or in the vacuum or ultra-vacuum domain.
- the profile known parts have cusps which create stress concentration zones likely to limit their mechanical strength, which is detrimental for high pressure applications.
- the known process requires the use of specific tools around each set of two pieces, this assembly must be brought, in an oven, to the forging temperature of one of the rooms. For industrial production, it is therefore necessary to use a large number of tools while production must be divided into lots, which requires significant management constraints.
- the invention relates to an assembly process of two pieces, in particular tubular, a first piece machined in the shape of a tip being made of a relatively metal hard, a second piece forming a sleeve for receiving this tip being made of a relatively malleable metal, these two parts having a common geometric axis of assembly, characterized in that it consists in plastically deforming, by spinning, the sleeve towards the axis, pressing this sleeve against at least one external frustoconical section of the tip, diverging towards a front edge of this tip.
- relatively hard metal any metal of Rockwell hardness greater than that of a “relatively metal malleable”.
- a die can be used to continuously produce assemblies without the need to have use of a treatment furnace. Spinning can take place at cold or hot. Thanks to the plastic deformation of the sleeve around the frusto-conical section of the nozzle, we obtain a transverse shrinking effect ensuring close contact of constituent materials of the two parts as well as an effect of hooping, by differential contraction, which ensures a setting under assembly stress when used at relatively low temperatures.
- the invention also relates to a relatively metal part hard intended to be assembled to a metal part relatively malleable according to the method as above described.
- the tip of this piece has, on a significant part its length between 50 and 90% of its total length, at least one frustoconical external surface divergent in direction from its front edge intended to be introduced into the room made of malleable metal, the top of this frustoconical surface being defined, on an axis of this part, opposite the part made of malleable metal.
- the geometry of this nozzle makes it possible to obtain a particularly efficient assembly.
- the globally frustoconical diverging shape of the end piece is such that once the assembly has been carried out, an axial force tending to separating the two parts generates an increasing reaction force more intense as the spacing of the two pieces one in relation to the other. Dimensional stability and the tightness of the assembly thus produced are improved by state of the art.
- the invention also relates to a relatively metal part malleable intended to be assembled to a metal part relatively hard, according to a process as previously described.
- the sleeve of this part Before spinning, the sleeve of this part has an external surface maximum diameter greater than that of a die used for spinning.
- the deformation of the sleeve towards of the tip of the hard metal part is obtained by the passage of the assembly in progress through the chain.
- the invention also relates to an assembly of two parts of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the end piece of the hard metal part has, over a significant part of its length, between 50 and 90% of its total length one divergent profile towards its edge introduced into the sleeve, the external surface of this nozzle comprising at least a frustoconical section whose apex is defined on this axis, opposite the second piece, while the inner surface of the sleeve is adapted to the internal surface of the nozzle.
- the assembly shown in Figures 1 to 6 includes a part 10, for example made of stainless steel, forming a first connector element intended to be welded to the end of a tube in steel 11.
- the part 10 is formed in a metal harder than that of the piece 20. In other words, the material of piece 20 is more ductile or more malleable than that of part 10.
- the parts 10 and 20 have the function of allowing assembly or a junction of the tubes 11 and 21 along an axis XX ′ which is to them common.
- the part 10 is a section of tube, centered on the axis XX ′, whose internal surface 13 is generally cylindrical, while its external surface 14 comprises a first section 14 a frustoconical, the apex A is defined on axis X-X ', the opposite of the part 20 relative to the front edge 15 of the piece 10.
- the surface 14 a is divergent towards the front edge 15.
- the part 10 is doubly chamfered and includes a frustoconical external section 14 b whose apex B is disposed on the axis XX ′, on the side of the part 20.
- the edge 15 is also bordered by a second internal frustoconical surface 13 b , diverging in the direction of the edge 15 and of which the vertex placed on the axis XX ′ is noted C, at the level of the part 10.
- the part 10 forms a male endpiece 16 intended to penetrate into a female part of the Exhibit 20, as described below.
- ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ the angles at the top of the frustoconical surfaces 14 a , 14 b and 13 b .
- the value of ⁇ is between 3 ° and 15 °.
- the values of ⁇ and ⁇ are between 30 ° and 60 °.
- the section 14 a of the surface 14 extends over the greater part of the length of the end piece 16.
- l 1 the length of the section 14 a and l 2 the length of the end piece 16.
- the l 1 value is between 60% and 90% of that of l 2 .
- the external surface 14 of the part 10 also includes a third frustoconical section 14 c converging towards the edge 15 and of which D is denoted the apex on the axis XX 'and ⁇ the angle at the apex.
- the value of ⁇ is between 30 ° and 60 °.
- the frustoconical surfaces 14 a , 14 b , 14 c and 13 b are interconnected by fillets or rounded areas.
- 14 d and 14 e the zones of connection of the frustoconical surfaces 14 a and 14 b , on the one hand, 14 a and 14 c , on the other hand.
- the front part of the part 10 constitutes a nozzle 16 intended to be inserted in room 20.
- the part 20 comprises a part 23 of relatively large wall thickness and a part 24 of smaller wall thickness which forms a sleeve intended to surround the end piece 16.
- the sleeve 24 has an internal surface 24 which is generally cylindrical and centered on the axis XX 'while its external surface 24 b is frustoconical and divergent towards its free edge 24 c .
- the inner surface 24a of the sleeve 24 is connected to a frustoconical section 23a of the portion 23, itself connected to an annular section 23 b extending into a frusto-conical section 23 c, connected to the inner cylindrical surface 23 of the part 23.
- the area 14 d rubs against the surface 24 a so that it can scrape and evacuate, in the direction of the surfaces 23 a and 23 b , a possible oxide layer formed on the surface 24 a .
- E the vertex of section 23 a and ⁇ its angle at the vertex.
- the value of the angle ⁇ is between 30 ° and 60 °.
- the angle ⁇ is slightly less than the angle ⁇ , so that the volume V 'defined between sections 14 b and 23 a is divergent in the direction of the vertex E.
- Note 24 d the connection zone between the surfaces 24 a and 23 a .
- the continuation of the movement according to the arrow F 1 which results in a penetration of the zone 14 d into the part 20, at the level of the zone 24 d , has the effect of driving out the deposit of alumina 25 in the direction of section 23 b .
- the internal diameter ⁇ of the die 30 is substantially equal to the external diameter ⁇ 'of the part 23 and, in any event, less than the maximum diameter ⁇ ''of the sleeve 24 at its free edge 24 c before any operation of shrunk by spinning.
- the progression of the parts 10 and 20 inside the die 30 has the effect of inducing a centripetal compression force of the sleeve 24 against the endpiece 16, as shown by the arrow F 3 in FIG. 5, this force having the effect of crushing and moving the sleeve 24 so as to fill the volume V, as shown by the arrow F 4 .
- the part 20 can be heated by induction before passage through the die 30.
- an alternating current source 40 can be coupled to a coil 41 arranged around the sleeve 24.
- This provides rapid and localized heating of the part 20, in particular at the sleeve 24, without having recourse to an oven in which parts 10 and 20 should be stored for a relatively long period.
- other heating modes can be considered, in particular a heating by Joule effect.
- the process of the invention can therefore be implemented continuously, which is an economic advantage considerable compared to state systems of technical.
- the method can also take place cold, an aluminum-based alloy can be easily deformed by temperature spinning room.
- the surface 14a and the corresponding surface 24a of the sleeve 24 constitute the bulk of the bearing surface between the parts 10 and 20.
- outer surfaces 14 of the tip 16 and inner 24 has the sleeve 24 comprise neither acute angle or cusp, so that they are fully compatible with a spinning process, and that they risk of creating dead volumes in which a trapped gas or areas of intense mechanical stress could remain.
- the tip 16 comprises two frustoconical external sections 14 a and 14 ' a , divergent towards its front edge 15.
- the sections 14 a and 14' a have of similar dimensions and fulfill the function of section 14 a of the first embodiment.
- the use of the two adjoining sections 14 a and 14 ′ a makes it possible to obtain a sufficient length of frustoconical sections without too large an increase in the outside diameter of the nozzle 16.
- a cylindrical section 14 g is connected to section 14 a at the part of the largest diameter of this frustoconical section.
- the connection area between sections 14 a and 14 g is noted at 2 p.m.
- the presence of the section 14 g makes it possible to reduce the maximum external diameter of the end piece 16.
- the thickness e of the sleeve 24 in its thinnest part remains sufficient to give it rigidity such that the assembly of the parts 10 and 20 is firmly established.
- the sliding of the parts 10 and 20 relative to each other is hampered by the frustoconical nature of the surfaces 14 a and 24 a , the sliding force being less significant at the level of the surface of the section 14 g and of the corresponding part 24 f of the internal surface of the sleeve 24.
- the length l 1 of the sections 14 a and 14 ′ a represents a significant part of the length l 2 of the end piece 16, the value of l 1 being between 50 and 70% of that of l 2 .
- the external surface of the part 20 comprises two cylindrical sections of different diameters connected by a transition zone truncated.
- the minimum diameter section corresponds to part 23, this diameter being less than that of the die 30, while the maximum diameter section corresponds to the sleeve 24, this diameter being greater than that of the sector 30.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Description
- Il consiste à chauffer uniquement la pièce en métal malléable avant filage. Par exemple, le chauffage par induction permet un chauffage localisé de la pièce et une mise en oeuvre en continu du procédé, avec un bon rendement énergétique.
- Il consiste à introduire l'embout dans le manchon en raclant une surface interne du manchon. Cet aspect permet d'évacuer une éventuelle couche d'oxyde, tel que de l'alumine, formée sur la surface interne du manchon.
- Le bord de l'embout est chanfreiné en une seconde surface tronconique dont le sommet est défini au-delà du bord de l'embout, sur l'axe, dans la seconde pièce.
- La surface externe de l'embout comprend une troisième section tronconique, convergente en direction du bord libre, dont le sommet est défini sur l'axe, du côté du bord de l'embout par rapport à cette troisième surface, cette troisième section étant raccordée à la section tronconique divergente au niveau de sa partie de plus faible diamètre.
- Le profil de l'embout ne présente ni angle aigu, ni point de rebroussement. Ceci contribue à un filage efficace et à une bonne application de la surface interne du manchon contre la surface externe de l'embout.
- La surface externe de l'embout comprend au moins une section tronconique et une section cylindrique raccordées au niveau de la partie de la section tronconique de plus grand diamètre.
- la figure 1 est une vue avec arrachement d'un assemblage établi conformément à la présente invention représenté en situation après soudure sur deux tubes d'une installation ;
- la figure 2 est une coupe partielle à plus grande échelle des pièces constitutives de l'assemblage de la figure 1, lors d'une première étape du procédé conforme à l'invention ;
- la figure 3 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 lors d'une seconde étape du procédé ;
- la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 lors d'une troisième étape du procédé ;
- la figure 5 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 lors d'une quatrième étape du procédé ;
- la figure 6 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 au terme du procédé d'assemblage et
- la figure 7 est une vue analogue à la figure 6 pour un assemblage conforme à un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Claims (10)
- Procédé d'assemblage de deux pièces (10, 20), notamment tubulaires, une première pièce usinée en forme d'embout (16) étant réalisé dans un métal relativement dur, une seconde pièce formant manchon (24) de réception dudit embout étant réalisée dans un métal relativement malléable, lesdites deux pièces présentant un axe géométrique commun d'assemblage (X-X'), caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à déformer (F4) plastiquement, par filage (F2), ledit manchon (24) en direction dudit axe (X-X'), en pressant ledit manchon contre au moins une section tronconique externe (14a, 14'a) dudit embout (16), divergente en direction d'un bord avant (15) dudit embout.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à chauffer uniquement ladite pièce (20) en métal malléable avant filage.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à introduire ledit embout (16) dans ledit manchon (24) en raclant une surface interne (24a) dudit manchon.
- Pièce en métal relativement dur (10), destinée à être assemblée à une pièce (20) en métal relativement malléable selon le procédé de l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que ledit embout (16) a, sur une partie significative de longueur (l 1) comprise entre 50 et 90% de sa longueur totale (l 2), au moins une surface externe tronconique (14a, 14'a) divergente en direction de son bord avant (15) prévu pour être introduit dans la pièce en métal malléable, le sommet (A) de ladite surface tronconique étant défini, sur un axe (X-X') de ladite pièce à l'opposé de la pièce en métal malléable.
- Pièce en métal relativement malléable (20), destinée à être assemblée à une pièce (10) en métal relativement dur selon le procédé de l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que, avant filage, ledit manchon (24) a une surface externe (24b) de diamètre maximum (Φ'') supérieur à celui (Φ) d'une filière (30) utilisée pour le filage.
- Assemblage de deux pièces, notamment tubulaires, une première pièce (10), usinée en forme d'embout (16), étant réalisée dans un métal relativement dur, une seconde pièce (20), formant manchon (24) de réception dudit embout, étant réalisée dans un métal relativement malléable, lesdites deux pièces présentant un axe géométrique commun d'assemblage (X-X'), caractérisé en ce que ledit embout (16) a, sur une partie significative de longueur (l 1) comprise entre 50 et 90% de sa longueur totale (l 2), un profil divergent en direction de son bord (15) introduit dans ledit manchon (24), la surface externe dudit embout comprenant au moins une section tronconique (14a, 14'a) dont le sommet (A) est défini, sur ledit axe (X-X') à l'opposé de ladite seconde pièce (20), la surface interne (24a) dudit manchon étant adaptée à la surface externe (14a, 14b, 14c) dudit embout.
- Assemblage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit bord (15) dudit embout (16) est chanfreiné en une seconde surface tronconique (14b) dont le sommet (B) est défini, au-delà dudit bord (15) sur ledit axe (X-X'), dans la seconde pièce (20).
- Assemblage selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la surface externe dudit embout comprend une troisième section tronconique (14c), convergente en direction dudit bord, dont le sommet (D) est défini sur ledit axe, du coté dudit bord (15) par rapport à ladite troisième section, ladite troisième section étant raccordée à ladite section tronconique divergente (14a) au niveau de sa partie (14e) de plus faible diamètre.
- Assemblage selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit profil dudit embout (16) ne présente ni angle aigu, ni point de rebroussement.
- Assemblage selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite surface externe (14) dudit embout (16) comprend au moins une section tronconique (14a, 14'a) et une section cylindrique (14g) raccordées au niveau de la partie (14h) de ladite section tronconique de plus grand diamètre.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9904611A FR2791914B1 (fr) | 1999-04-07 | 1999-04-07 | Procede d'assemblage de deux pieces, pieces destinees a etre assemblees grace a ce procede et assemblage de deux telles pieces |
FR9904611 | 1999-04-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1043092A1 EP1043092A1 (fr) | 2000-10-11 |
EP1043092B1 true EP1043092B1 (fr) | 2003-06-25 |
Family
ID=9544342
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20000420070 Expired - Lifetime EP1043092B1 (fr) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-04-06 | Procédé d'assemblage de deux pièces, pièces destinées à être assemblées grâce à ce procédé et assemblage de deux telles pièces |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1043092B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60003483D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2791914B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010042538A1 (de) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Verfahren zum Fügen von Bauteilen aus hochfestem Stahl |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2384563A1 (fr) * | 1977-03-25 | 1978-10-20 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede d'assemblage entre deux pieces metalliques |
FR2670541B1 (fr) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-10-08 | Armand Pinet | Assemblage de deux pieces notamment tubulaires. |
US5921591A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1999-07-13 | Argent; Michael E. | Pipe connecting assembly and method for joining two lengths of pipe by a press-fit connection |
-
1999
- 1999-04-07 FR FR9904611A patent/FR2791914B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-04-06 EP EP20000420070 patent/EP1043092B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-06 DE DE60003483T patent/DE60003483D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1043092A1 (fr) | 2000-10-11 |
DE60003483D1 (de) | 2003-07-31 |
FR2791914B1 (fr) | 2001-06-08 |
FR2791914A1 (fr) | 2000-10-13 |
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