EP1036595B1 - Shredding device for data carrying disks and disposal system for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Device comprises cutting disks (29) with recesses (33) that have a relatively narrow overlap. This ensures that for small cutter roller diameter (of order 5 mm) and relatively hard plastic disks good particle cutting is obtained. A collector box can be used as a transport container so that the particles can be kept without impurities and sent for recycling. An Independent claim is made for a system for disposal and recycling of plastic data disks.

Description

Shredders for paper documents are known. The DE 41 09 467 C2 shows a cutting unit in such a document shredder, in which cutting discs, each of which projecting from each other at an axial distance from the cutting shafts, engage each other and intersect the documents passed therebetween written records. By recesses in the cutting discs, which form cutting teeth, the material is also cut or torn in the transverse direction, so that particles are formed in the form of short strip sections.

From the DE 21 64 566 a device for the production of plastic granules from plastic waste has become known. There, because the material is difficult to crush, this is first cut lengthwise with a kind of paper cutting and finally crushed by a kind of milling machine into individual granules.

Although media for electronic media can be deleted to ensure confidentiality, it is still possible with special methods to retrieve information contained therein.

This is especially true for floppy disks, where usually only the addressing is deleted, while the actual information is retained. This applies to magnetic recordings.

For optical data carriers, such as compact disks (CD's) is often a deletion is not possible. Although it is possible to damage the surface and thus render the data records unplayable in normal devices, decryption is also possible there with the corresponding expenditure

The EP 0 511 535 A1 describes a crushing device according to the preamble of claim 1. It is intended for flat material.

The DE 33 03 408 A1 describes a crushing device, which is mainly intended for the disposal of tape material, but should also handle floppy disks. It works with rotating cutting discs, which work together with a fixed counter knife, whereby the material is supplied via a feed roller. The resulting particles are disposed of via a discharge chute with a fan.

The US 4,873,811 A describes a system for ready-to-close closing or emptying of the collecting container of a shredding device for documents. There, a bag is provided in the collecting container, the opening of which can be combined with the aid of a fork provided on the underframe of the crushing device and closed with an adhesive tape in order to be able to dispose the comminuted particles together.

TASK AND SOLUTION

The object of the invention is to provide a crushing device that ensures a high level of security against improper data recovery and works economically and environmentally friendly.

This object is solved by claim 1.

The crushing device has a cutter of the type with two counter-rotating cutting rollers, the cutting discs engage with each other and are provided with any teeth forming recesses. The feed channel for the comminuted material, namely data carrier discs, in particular CD's, preferably limits the charge so that only a certain type of data carrier discs are comminuted. The cutting discs have a relatively large thickness of over 5 mm, preferably substantially more.

The material that makes up CD's is relatively hard and also much thicker than paper. Accordingly, the Crushing passage formed for this thickness and the cutting rollers are synchronized with each other so that in the crushing passage in each case a recess of a cutting disc on the lying between two circumferentially successive recesses peripheral region of the adjacent cutting discs of the other cutting roller strikes.

As a result, it is possible to work with relatively small overlaps or overlaps between the mutually opposite cutting disks, which would usually not be sufficient for cutting paper.

• der äußere Umfangsbereich der Schneidscheiben ist mit einer Aufrauhung, vorzugsweise mit einer Rändelung, versehen;
• die Schneidscheibendicke bzw. Schnittbreite liegt zwischen 5 und 15 mm, vorzugsweise bei 8 mm;
• die außerhalb der Ausnehmungen liegende Umfangsfläche der Schneidscheiben hat eine umlaufende, vorzugsweise flach V-förmige Nut;
• die Tiefe t der Ausnehmungen beträgt mehr als 1 mm, vorzugsweise 2,25 mm;
• die Überschneidung der Schneidscheiben beider Schneidwalzen miteinander beträgt:
  • bezogen auf die Umfangsflächen: Überschneidung s gleich Schneidscheibenaußendurchmesser D minus Achsabstand a beider Schneidwellen zwischen 5% und 20%, vorzugsweise ca. 10% des Schneidwalzendurchmessers D, vorzugsweise ca. 4 mm;
  • das Verhältnis der Tiefe t der Ausnehmungen zur Überlappung 1 liegt zwischen 40% und 60%, vorzugsweise bei 55%;
  • bezogen auf das Zusammenwirken von Ausnehmung und Umfangsfläche: Überlappung 1 gleich Schneidscheibenaußendurchmesser D minus Achsabstand a beider Schneidwellen minus Tiefe t der Ausnehmung 33 zwischen 3% und 10%, vorzugsweise ca. 4% bzw. ca. 1,7 mm;
• der Durchlaß w zwischen den Schneidwalzen, d.h. der Abstand der Schneidscheibenumfangsfläche vom Grund des Ringraums, in den die Schneidscheibe eingreift, beträgt w gleich Achsabstand a minus der Hälfte der Summe des Schneidscheibenaußendurchmessers D und des Schneidscheibeninnendurchmessers d, also w gleich a minus (D + d)/2, liegt zwischen 2 mm und 6 mm, vorzugsweise bei ca. 3,5 mm;
• das Verhältnis des Abstandes a der Längsachsen der Schneidwalze zum Schneidscheibendurchmesser D liegt zwischen 85% und 95%, vorzugsweise bei 90%, insbesondere größer als 90%.

It has been determined according to the invention that the cutting rollers, ie the entire cutting mechanism to achieve a perfect cutting result with little effort and effort should have one or more of the following features:

• the outer peripheral portion of the cutting discs is provided with a roughening, preferably with a knurling;
• the cutting wheel thickness or cutting width is between 5 and 15 mm, preferably 8 mm;
• the peripheral surface of the cutting discs located outside the recesses has a circumferential, preferably flat V-shaped groove;
• the depth t of the recesses is more than 1 mm, preferably 2.25 mm;
• the intersection of the cutting discs of both cutting rollers is:
  • related to the peripheral surfaces: overlap s equal cutting wheel outside diameter D minus center distance a of both cutting shafts between 5% and 20%, preferably about 10% of the cutting roll diameter D, preferably about 4 mm;
  • the ratio of the depth t of the recesses to the overlap 1 is between 40% and 60%, preferably 55%;
  • based on the interaction of recess and peripheral surface: overlap 1 equal cutting wheel outside diameter D minus center distance a both cutting waves minus depth t of the recess 33 between 3% and 10%, preferably about 4% and about 1.7 mm;
• the passage w between the cutting rollers, that is, the distance of the cutting disc peripheral surface from the bottom of the annulus into which the cutting disc engages, w is equal to the center distance a minus half of the sum of the outer cutter disc diameter D and the inner cutter disc diameter d, ie, w equals a minus (D + d ) / 2, is between 2 mm and 6 mm, preferably about 3.5 mm;
• the ratio of the distance a of the longitudinal axes of the cutting roller to the cutting wheel diameter D is between 85% and 95%, preferably at 90%, in particular greater than 90%.

In order to simultaneously ensure the collection of disk discs in the cutting and not only to achieve a longitudinal section, but also a crushing into individual pieces, the cutting shafts may be provided with a plurality of grooves or recesses, for example six on the circumference. Furthermore, the peripheral surface of the cutting discs can be provided with a knurling or other roughening to improve the collection. The individual cutting discs should have circumferentially extending V-shaped grooves in the Interaction with the recesses form double teeth, which ensure a good particle cross-section.

In the case of the electronic data carriers, shredding into particles that are too small is not necessary to avoid unauthorized reading, which is why the cutting width can also be relatively large, but the packing density of the resulting comminuted material is also dependent on a very compact form of the particles. The cutting mechanism according to the invention makes it possible, above all, to crush the sometimes very tough plastic discs or their wrapper without significantly deforming them or even allowing material bridges to stand between them, which would substantially reduce the packing density.

The header geometry is designed to meet the following criteria:

The overlap of the cutting discs in the cutting gap should be minimized as far as possible. The depth of the recesses is chosen so that just a demolition (particle cut) is generated. The shaft outer diameters are minimized in order to achieve high cutting force with available moderate torque and also small cutting unit dimensions. The internal shaft diameters should be as large as possible under the above conditions, in order to ensure a slight bending of the cutting shafts in the cutting forces generated by the partially over one to several millimeters thick disk media and still to ensure a sufficient passage.

The invention is suitable for a system for disposing of media discs made of plastic. It contains
a collecting container for collecting the data carrier particles;
Means for ready to close the catch container;
optionally means for facilitating the transport such as handles on the collecting container and
Means for emptying the collecting container in a plastic recycling plant.

This system assumes that the carrier material, in particular of CD-ROMs, both of compact discs described in their production as well as user-writable or rewritable compact discs, consists almost exclusively of recyclable, relatively valuable plastic. The system is designed so that the data carriers are comminuted, whereby the collecting container of the comminuting device is at the same time the shipping container. He then only needs to be closed. The system involves the commissioning of a courier or other transport service, who picks up the containers on request and brings them to the reprocessing company. The cost of transportation may be borne by the value of the material, i. the transport company can charge its costs directly to the recycling company.

By the shredding device according to the invention, the packing density in these collecting and transporting containers is so great that e.g. a corrugated board with side masses between 30 cm and 40 cm can hold 25 kg to 30 kg of particles. In appropriate transport aids, such as handles o. The like. The carton is then just to be transported by a user.

These and other features will become apparent from the claims and from the description and drawings, wherein the individual features may be realized alone or in combination in the form of sub-combinations in an embodiment of the invention combinations can be realized in an embodiment of the invention and can represent advantageous embodiments. The subdivision of the application into individual sections as well as intermediate headings does not restrict the general validity of the statements made thereunder.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

• Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung,
• Fig. 2 eine teilweise schematische Seitenansicht der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung ohne den den Auffangbehälter enthaltenen Ständer,
• Fig. 3 die Seitenansicht einer Schneidwalze,
• Fig. 4 die beiden ineinander eingreifenden Schneidwalzen eines Schneidwerks und
• Fig. 5 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Auffang- und Versandbehälters.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be explained in more detail below. In the drawings show:

• 1 is a perspective view of a crushing device,
• 2 is a partial schematic side view of the crushing device without the stand containing the collecting container,
• 3 is a side view of a cutting roller,
• Fig. 4, the two intermeshing cutting rollers of a cutting and
• Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a collection and shipping container.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT

1 shows a comminution device 11, which is provided and designed in particular for comminuting data carriers, in particular of CD's. However, if no material identity (species purity) is sought in the particles produced, other disk media, such as disks or cartridges, can be crushed.

The crushing device 11 includes a stand in the form of an open-topped cabinet 12 with a door 13. On the upper opening sits the shredding unit 17, which includes a cutting unit and a motor driving this via a gearbox. To the cutting unit performs a feed channel 15, which is arranged at the top of the feed unit with obliquely downwardly extending feed direction.

For the shredded particles, a collecting container 16 is set in the cabinet 12, which can be removed as a whole and at the same time forms a shipping container.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic section through the comminution unit 14. Its upper housing part 17, which consists of plastic, drops in the direction of the inlet of the feed channel 15. Before that, a transparent cover 18 is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 19 which normally covers the feed channel and leaves open only a narrow insertion slot 20 adapted, for example, to the size of CD-ROMs when the comminution device is provided for this type of data carrier. The cover is however swiveled away to introduce other items, but then this must happen consciously.

In the housing or frame 21 below the upper housing cover 17, the cutting unit 22 is arranged. The drive motor 23 and the transmission, which also includes synchronizing wheels for the counter-synchronous drive of the cutting rollers 24 of the cutting unit 22, is only hinted at. The two cutting rollers 24 of the cutting unit 22 parallel to each other so that they engage with each other. This will be explained later in more detail. They are arranged in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal in order to lie with their passage w substantially aligned with the oblique feed channel. In annular spaces between cutting discs of the cutting rollers engage scrapers 25, which may for example consist of individual sheet metal segments. They comprise the shafts 26 by about 180 ° and form, in particular on the inlet side by projecting noses 27, an extension of the feed channel 15th

Fig. 3 shows a cutting roller 24. It is made in one piece from at least hardened steel in the surface region of the cutting discs. Subsequent to the provided for storage and drive shaft journals 28, the cutting shaft 26 extends from the, made in one piece with her, cutting discs 29 protrude, which are arranged at an axial distance from each other, which corresponds to exactly tolerated cutting gaps of the cutting wheel thickness and an annular space 46th forms. The cutting discs are provided on their outer circumference with a V-shaped recess or groove 30. This puncture includes, for example, an angle of 120 ° and does not reach all the way to the peripheral edges 31, so that there (see detail) each one narrow peripheral region 32 is formed, which is provided with a knurling or other roughening.

In the cutting rollers recesses 33 are provided, which are indicated in Fig. 3 only in places. These recesses, which are better seen in Fig. 4, extend with a slope relative to the central axis 34 of the cutting roller.

Fig. 4 shows that the recesses are relatively flat and elongated in the circumferential direction and have flanks which extend at an angle alpha to the respective radial direction. As a result, cutting teeth 36, which point in the direction of rotation of the cutting roller and are provided on the rear edge of the recess 33 in the direction of rotation, are formed on each side edge 35 of each recess 33.

In the preferred embodiment, the dimensions and their relations are particularly adapted to the cutting of CD-ROMs and as follows:

With a cutting roller outer diameter (diameter of the cutting discs) of 42 mm, the diameter d of the continuous shaft portion 26 is equal to 27 mm. The center distance a of both cutting shafts is 38 mm and the depth of the recesses t is 2.25 mm. This results in a mutual overlap s between the respective outer peripheries of the cutting discs 29 of 4 mm.

Due to the fact that the two cutting rollers are synchronized with each other by their synchromesh so that each has a recess on the lying between two recesses peripheral portion of the adjacent and opposite cutting discs, this overlap does not occur in practice. Under consideration of Groove depth t results in the mutual engagement of the cutting discs a real overlap 1, which is smaller by the groove depth t, ie = D - a - t = 1.75 mm. The passage w, which forms between the outer periphery 32 of the cutting discs and the bottom of the annular spaces 46 (Figure 3) between the cutting discs 29, ie the outer diameter of the shafts 26 is w = a - (D + d) / 2 = 3, 5 mm. This must be much larger than shredders for paper, since the cutting discs have quite considerable thickness. For example, the thickness of a CD-ROM is approximately 1.2 mm and that of a diskette with its diskette housing 3.2 mm.

The relatively small real overlap 1 is sufficient for the relatively thick and hard materials of the disk media 37 to be shredded.

A preferred collection container 16 is shown in Fig. 5. It consists of strong corrugated cardboard and is generally rectangular with base dimensions of for example 400 mm x 300 mm and a height of about 560 mm. The floor is designed as a so-called "automatic floor" and closes automatically when erecting the box from a flattened transport format. Adhesive tapes are not required in this area.

At the upper opening edges 39 of the container 16, the side walls of the carton are folded inwards by, for example, 100 mm in order to form a double wall there for stiffening the upper edge region. On the two longest side walls 40 handles 41 are attached. These may be plastic parts having a handle and a relatively large attachment part, which engages through the side wall and is secured by a counter-plate inside. This can be attached by snap or screw connection. With these handles is it is possible to extract the container from the cabinet 12 after opening the door 13 and transported away.

It is a lid 42 is provided, which may consist of the same material. The edges 43 of the lid 42 also have a duplication, i. tabs projecting from the lower edges of the lid are folded inwards. The surface of the lid may have preprinted addressing to a disposal or recycling company.

FUNCTION

For disposal of disk media 37, such as CD-ROMs, but also audio CDs, they are pushed through the slot 20 in the cover 18. They thus arrive in the feed channel 15 to the cutting unit 22. In the region of this feed channel, e.g. be provided by a light barrier, an automatic switching device that sets the engine in charge when loading. The cutting rollers rotate in opposite directions and pull the CD into the passage w. They are taken on the one hand by the roughened peripheral edges 32 and on the other hand by the teeth 36 and confiscated safely into the cutting unit.

The cover 18 serves as a kind of template for the type of disk discs to be inserted, so that a pure type disposal is possible and on the other hand it protects the user from any splinters that can occur in very hard plastic materials, such as those often used in CD-ROM's.

In the cutting unit a particle cut takes place. The teeth 36 dig into the material, pierce it, and then along the side edges 31 of the cutting discs Longitudinal section executed. The length of the peripheral sections of the cutting discs between the recesses thus determines the particle length. In the present example, six recesses are provided on the periphery, which have a width of about 7 mm, so that between them each about 15 mm long peripheral portions of the cutting discs remain. The particles pass through the passage w during the cut and then fall into the collecting container 16, which is in the cabinet 12.

Conventional safety devices can monitor the level of the container and the closure of the door 13. After filling the collection container, which may optionally stand with its bottom in the lid, this is pulled out, placed on the lid and possibly with adhesive tape o. The like. Closed. There are also other, already provided on the container locking mechanisms possible.

Subsequently, a pick-up service, for example a courier service, can be informed, which receives the container and transports it to a recycling company.

Claims (7)

1. Shredding device with a feeder channel (15) for the material to be shredded (37) leading to a cutting mechanism (22) having two cutting rollers (24) driven in opposite directions by a synchronous gear and delimiting between them a shredding passage (w) and having several cutting disks (29) arranged at an axial distance from one another which engage in annular spaces (46) situated between the cutting disks (29) of an adjacent cutting roller (24), where the cutting disks (29) are each provided on their periphery with at least one notch (33) forming together with the peripheral surface of the cutting disks (32) at least one cutting tooth (36), where the cutting disks (29) have a thickness of 5 mm or above, the cutting rollers (24) are driven by the synchronous gear and in the shredding passage (w) one notch (33) of a cutting disk (29) fits the peripheral area (32) situated between two notches (33), succeeding one another in the peripheral direction, of the adjacent cutting disks (29) of the other cutting roller (24),
   characterized in that the feeder channel (15) and the cutting mechanism (22) are designed for data carrier disks (37) such as CDs or diskettes, or data carrier cassettes, and in that the feeder channel (15) is partially closable by a cover (18) delimiting an insertion opening (20) adjusted to the insertion profile of the data carrier disks (37).
2. Shredding device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cover (18) can be moved clear, in particular is transparent.
3. Shredding device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is designed and intended exclusively for compact discs (CDs).
4. Shredding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting disks (29) have more than four, but less than twelve, and preferably six notches (33) on the periphery, which preferably have at least one side flank (35) running oblique to a radial direction, in particular substantially side flanks running parallel to one another, and in that the notches (33) on the periphery take up a width between 30% and 70% of the cutting disk peripheral sections (32) between two notches (33).
5. Shredding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting rollers (24) have at least one of the following features:

   5.1 the outer peripheral area (32) of the cutting disks is provided with a roughened finish, preferably knurled;

   5.2 the cutting disk thickness or cutting width is between 5 and 15 mm, preferably 8 mm;

   5.3 the peripheral surface of the cutting disks outside the notches (33) has an all-round, preferably flat V-shaped groove (30);

   5.4 the depth (t) of the notches is more than 1 mm, preferably 2.25 m;

   5.5 the overlap of the cutting disks (29) of both cutting rollers (24) to one another is:

   5.5.1 relative to the peripheral surfaces: overlap (s) equals cutting disk external diameter (D) minus axial distance (a) of both cutting shafts should be between 5% and 20%, preferably about 10% of the cutting roller diameter (d), preferably about 4 mm;

   5.5.1.1 the ratio of the depth (t) of the notches (33) to the overlap (1) is between 40% and 60%, preferably 55%;

   5.5.2 relative to the interaction of notch (33) and peripheral surface: overlap (1) equal to cutting disk external diameter (D) minus axial distance (a) of both cutting shafts minus depth (t) of notch (33) should be between 3% and 10%, preferably about 4% or about 1.7 mm;

   5.6 the passage (w) between the cutting rollers (24), i.e. the distance of the cutting disk peripheral surface (32) from the bottom of the annular space (46) in which the cutting disk (29) engages, is (w) equal to axial distance (a) minus half the sum of the cutting disk external diameter (D) and the cutting disk internal diameter (d), i.e. w equal to a minus (D + d)/2 is between 2 mm and 6 mm, preferably around 3.5 mm;

   5.7 the ratio of the distance (a) of the longitudinal axes of the cutting roller to the cutting disk diameter (D) is between 85% and 95%m preferably 90%, in particular greater than 90%.
6. Shredding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is assigned a collecting container (16) for the material to be shredded which is designed as a transport and shipment container and has locking elements (42) and if necessary handles (41).
7. Shredding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a system for disposal of data carrier disks (37) made of plastic, comprising

   7.1 a collecting container (16) for collecting data carrier particles;

   7.2 means for locking the collecting container (16) ready for shipment;

   7.3 if necessary, means for facilitating transport such as handles (41) on the collecting container (16) and

   7.4 means for emptying the collecting container in a plastics recycling facility.

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