EP1036385B1 - Current loop comprising a test circuit - Google Patents

Current loop comprising a test circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1036385B1
EP1036385B1 EP99929506A EP99929506A EP1036385B1 EP 1036385 B1 EP1036385 B1 EP 1036385B1 EP 99929506 A EP99929506 A EP 99929506A EP 99929506 A EP99929506 A EP 99929506A EP 1036385 B1 EP1036385 B1 EP 1036385B1
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Prior art keywords
current
sensor
acquisition
superposition
acquisition system
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1036385A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Audren
Jean Marmonier
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Alstom Holdings SA
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Areva T&D SAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a current loop of the type 4-20 milliamps or 0-20 milliamps, connecting an analog sensor to an acquisition system respectively traversed by a sensor current and an acquisition current.
  • Such a current loop is widely used.
  • the advantages of the current loop are well known: on the one hand, the power supply of the sensor is carried by the same wires as the signal, which leads to a reduction in the cost on the part of the wiring compared to other types signals requiring more wires in the cable, on the other hand the signal is very little disturbed by electromagnetic radiation, which allows transmission over long distances or in a medium with a high density of radiation.
  • the document EP 0 422 663 describes a communicator for field instruments that can be used continuously for extended periods of time, which reduces the frequency of maintenance.
  • the communicator is placed in parallel with field instruments and a control server and is powered by the same external source.
  • the communication between the different devices is done by the transmission line.
  • the operation of the analog sensor is controlled by disconnecting it from the current loop. This is done especially when the sensor is dismantled from its installation site.
  • the disconnection is not without drawback: the acquisition system generally interprets it as an open loop anomaly and generates an alarm. It is therefore necessary to intervene so that the anomaly is not treated as such by a control unit of the acquisition system.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the problem of controlling the operation of an acquisition system or a sensor by disconnection - reconnection in a current loop of the type 4 - 20 mA or 0 - 20 mA.
  • the idea underlying the invention is to perform the control without opening the current loop.
  • the object of the invention is a current loop of the type 4-20 milliamps or 0-20 milliamps, connecting an analog sensor to an acquisition system respectively traversed by a sensor current and an acquisition current.
  • a test circuit connected in parallel with the current loop for injecting into said loop a superposition current superimposed on the sensor or acquisition current.
  • the superposition current injected into the current loop by the test circuit is superimposed on the current flowing through the sensor to simulate its operation vis-à-vis the acquisition system, or is superimposed on the current flowing through the acquisition system to simulate its operation vis-à-vis the analog sensor.
  • test circuit connected in parallel with the current loop thus makes it possible to inject a superposition current without opening the current loop connecting the acquisition system and the analog sensor.
  • This overcomes the drawbacks mentioned above: on the one hand, the risk of reversing the polarity of the sensor by reconnection is eliminated, on the other hand, no open loop anomaly is detected by the acquisition system during the test analog sensor.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable voltage generator connected in parallel to the acquisition system for injecting the superposition current by addition to the acquisition current, which makes it possible to control a low current threshold of the acquisition system.
  • the test circuit includes an ammeter connected in series with the variable DC generator to determine the intensity of the superposition current.
  • test circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the variable voltage generator to protect the current loop when the variable voltage is zero.
  • the test circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the acquisition system to preserve an operating independence of several current loops connecting several sensors to the same acquisition system.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator connected in parallel with the analog sensor for injecting the superposition current by addition to the sensor current, which makes it possible to control a high current threshold of the system. acquisition.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator mounted in parallel with the analog sensor for injecting the superposition current by addition to the sensor current, the superposition current being slaved to this sensor current, which makes it possible to maintain the acquisition current in the current loop.
  • the test circuit comprises an ammeter connected in series with the variable current regulator for determining the intensity of the simulation current.
  • the figure 1 shows in circuit diagram form a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit connected in parallel to test the low current threshold of the acquisition system.
  • the figure 2 shows in circuit diagram form a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit connected in parallel to test the high current threshold of the acquisition system.
  • the figure 3 shows as a circuit diagram a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit connected in parallel to keep constant an acquisition current regardless of a sensor current.
  • a 4-20 mA current loop includes, figure 1 , an analog sensor 1 and an acquisition system 3.
  • the analog sensor is for example a pressure sensor mounted externally on a casing of a high-voltage electrical equipment such as a circuit breaker. It is clear however that the invention is not limited to such a pressure sensor, and applies to other analog sensors as operating in a 0-20 mA or 4-20 mA current loop. Examples of such sensors include temperature, flow, pH, or viscosity sensors.
  • the pressure sensor 1 is traversed by a sensor current Ic which is imposed by the pressure inside the envelope of the circuit-breaker filled with an arc-extinguishing dielectric gas.
  • the acquisition system 3 comprises a source of DC voltage V1, for example 24 volts (V).
  • V DC voltage
  • the source of voltage discharges in a series resistor R1 equal for example to 100 ohm ( ⁇ ) an acquisition current la.
  • An ammeter A1 is temporarily connected in parallel with a diode D1 in series with the acquisition system 3 to determine the intensity of the acquisition current Ia.
  • a test circuit is connected in parallel with the current loop to inject into said loop a superposition current which is superimposed on the sensor current or the acquisition current.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable voltage generator V4 V4 between 0 and 24 V connected in parallel to the acquisition system 3.
  • the generator 7 delivers a superposition current Is in a series resistor R4 equal for example to 100 ⁇ .
  • the superposition current Is is injected via the voltage generator 7 upstream of the pressure sensor 1 with respect to the direction of the acquisition current la to add to the latter, the sum Ia + Is being equal to the current Ic.
  • An ammeter A2 is connected in series with variable voltage generator V4 V4 to determine the intensity of the superposition current Is.
  • variable voltage V4 is gradually increased to increase the superposition current ls, and to reduce the acquisition current, taking into account the constancy of the sensor current Ic imposed by the constancy of the pressure inside the the envelope for the duration of the test.
  • the acquisition current is thus lowered to a low threshold to check the proper operation of the acquisition system without opening the current loop.
  • the test circuit comprises, figure 1 , a diode D2 connected in series with the generator 7 of variable voltage V4 for prevent the acquisition current 1a being partially diverted into the test circuit when the variable voltage V4 is low.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable DC regulator 9 connected in parallel with the analog sensor 1.
  • the superposition current Is is injected via variable current regulator 9 downstream of the pressure sensor 1 relative to the direction of the acquisition current 1c to add to the sensor current Ic, the sum Ic + Is being equal to the acquisition current la.
  • An ammeter A2 is mounted in series with variable DC regulator 9 to determine the intensity of the superposition current Is.
  • the superposition current ls is gradually increased to increase the acquisition current, given the constancy of the sensor current Ic imposed by the constancy of the pressure inside the envelope during the duration of the test. .
  • This increases the acquisition current la up to a high threshold to verify the proper operation of the acquisition system 3 without opening the current loop.
  • the sensor current lc is accessible from the acquisition current intensities Ia and superposition ls determined by ammeters A1 and A2 mounted in the test circuit.
  • the pressure of the dielectric gas contained in the envelope is monitored throughout the duration of the threshold testing of the acquisition system, using the test circuit connected in parallel with the current loop.
  • a leakage of the dielectric gas out of the envelope results in a decrease in the sensor current Ic and consequently in a drop in the superposition current Is easily determined by the ammeter A2.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator 11 connected in parallel with the pressure sensor 1 for injecting a superposition current ls by addition to the sensor current Ic, the superposition current ls being slaved to the acquisition current 1a.
  • the intensity of the acquisition current acquired by the acquisition system at the beginning of the test is assigned as a setpoint to the variable current regulator 11 by a servocontrol 13 connected to the ammeter A1 mounted parallel to the series diode D1 of the system. acquisition 3.
  • the sensor current Ic is progressively canceled by replacing it with the superposition current ls without opening said current loop.
  • Ic is zero, it is possible to disconnect the pressure sensor 1 from the current loop to control it while preventing an open loop anomaly detected by the acquisition system. No alarm is generated by the acquisition system.
  • test circuit is installed in a removable and portable housing which comprises connection pins intended to be connected to test sockets permanently mounted on the current loop.
  • One of the pins 13 is connected downstream of the diode D1 connected in series with the acquisition system in a common connection with the ammeter A1 determining the intensity of the acquisition current la.
  • the other 15 pin is connected downstream of the pressure sensor 1.
  • the ammeter A1 is integrated in the test box which in this case comprises a third pin 17 connected upstream of the diode D1 in a common connection with the 'ammeter.

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Abstract

The 4 mA-20 mA type or 0-20 mA type current loop connects an analog sensor (1) to an acquisition system (3), respectively carrying a sensor current (Ic) and an acquisition current (Ia). A test circuit is connected in parallel with the current loop to inject a superposition current (Is) into said loop, which current is superposed on the sensor current (Ic) or on the acquisition current (Ia). In a first embodiment, a variable voltage generator (7) injects the superposition current (Is) by adding it to the acquisition current (Ia), thereby making it possible to check a low-current threshold of the acquisition system (3). In a second embodiment, a variable current regulator injects the superposition current (Is) by adding it to the sensor current (Ic), thereby making it possible to check a high-current threshold of the acquisition system. The high- and low-current thresholds of the acquisition system are tested without opening the current loop.

Description

L'invention se rapporte à une boucle de courant du type 4 - 20 milliampères ou 0 - 20 milliampères, reliant un capteur analogique à un système d'acquisition respectivement traversés par un courant de capteur et un courant d'acquisition.The invention relates to a current loop of the type 4-20 milliamps or 0-20 milliamps, connecting an analog sensor to an acquisition system respectively traversed by a sensor current and an acquisition current.

Une telle boucle de courant est largement utilisée. La boucle du type 4 - 20 milliampères (mA) en technologie "2µls" par exemple, permet au capteur de fonctionner sur l'énergie apportée par un courant de capteur de 4 mA. Les avantages de la boucle de courant sont bien connus : d'une part, l'alimentation du capteur est portée par les mêmes fils que le signal, ce qui entraîne une réduction du coût de la part du câblage par rapport à d'autres types de signaux nécessitant plus de fils dans le câble, d'autre part le signal est très peu perturbé par des radiations électromagnétiques, ce qui autorise une transmission sur de longues distances ou dans un milieu à forte densité de radiations.Such a current loop is widely used. The loop type 4 - 20 milliamperes (mA) technology "2μls" for example, allows the sensor to operate on the energy provided by a sensor current of 4 mA. The advantages of the current loop are well known: on the one hand, the power supply of the sensor is carried by the same wires as the signal, which leads to a reduction in the cost on the part of the wiring compared to other types signals requiring more wires in the cable, on the other hand the signal is very little disturbed by electromagnetic radiation, which allows transmission over long distances or in a medium with a high density of radiation.

Le document EP 0 422 663 décrit un communicateur pour des instruments de terrain qui peut être utilisé sans interruption pendant des périodes prolongées, ce qui réduit la fréquence d'entretien. Le communicateur est placé en parallèle des instruments de terrain et d'un serveur de contrôle et est alimenté par la même source externe. La communication entre les différents appareils se fait par la ligne de transmission.The document EP 0 422 663 describes a communicator for field instruments that can be used continuously for extended periods of time, which reduces the frequency of maintenance. The communicator is placed in parallel with field instruments and a control server and is powered by the same external source. The communication between the different devices is done by the transmission line.

D'une manière connue, on contrôle le bon fonctionnement du système d'acquisition à l'aide d'appareils de test conçus pour simuler le fonctionnement du capteur. La simulation est réalisée en connectant l'appareil de test en substitution du capteur analogique. La déconnexion du capteur n'est pas sans inconvénient : il existe un risque de reconnexion incorrecte par exemple par une inversion de polarité, ou même un oubli de reconnexion, voire un serrage insuffisant des connexions. Dans ces conditions, la maintenance du système d'acquisition se révèle contre productive.In a known manner, it controls the proper operation of the acquisition system using test apparatus designed to simulate the operation of the sensor. The simulation is performed by connecting the test device in substitution of the analog sensor. The disconnection of the sensor is not without inconvenience: there is a risk of incorrect reconnection for example by a reversal of polarity, or even an omission of reconnection, or even insufficient tightening of the connections. Under these conditions, the maintenance of the acquisition system proves to be counterproductive.

D'une manière également connue, on contrôle le fonctionnement du capteur analogique en le déconnectant de la boucle de courant On procède ainsi notamment lorsque l'on démonte le capteur de son site d'installation. Là encore, la déconnexion n'est pas sans inconvénient : le système d'acquisition l'interprète en général comme une anomalie de boucle ouverte et génère une alarme. Il est donc nécessaire d'intervenir pour que l'anomalie ne soit pas traitée comme telle par une unité de commande du système d'acquisition.In a manner also known, the operation of the analog sensor is controlled by disconnecting it from the current loop. This is done especially when the sensor is dismantled from its installation site. Here again, the disconnection is not without drawback: the acquisition system generally interprets it as an open loop anomaly and generates an alarm. It is therefore necessary to intervene so that the anomaly is not treated as such by a control unit of the acquisition system.

Le but de l'invention est de remédier au problème du contrôle du fonctionnement d'un système d'acquisition ou d'un capteur par déconnexion - reconnexion dans une boucle de courant du type 4 - 20 mA ou 0 - 20 mA.The object of the invention is to overcome the problem of controlling the operation of an acquisition system or a sensor by disconnection - reconnection in a current loop of the type 4 - 20 mA or 0 - 20 mA.

L'idée à la base de l'invention est d'effectuer le contrôle sans ouvrir la boucle de courant.The idea underlying the invention is to perform the control without opening the current loop.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une boucle de courant du type 4 - 20 milliampères ou 0 - 20 milliampères, reliant un capteur analogique à un système d'acquisition respectivement traversés par un courant de capteur et un courant d'acquisition, comprenant un circuit de test monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant pour injecter dans ladite boucle un courant de superposition qui se superpose au courant de capteur ou d'acquisition.For this purpose, the object of the invention is a current loop of the type 4-20 milliamps or 0-20 milliamps, connecting an analog sensor to an acquisition system respectively traversed by a sensor current and an acquisition current. comprising a test circuit connected in parallel with the current loop for injecting into said loop a superposition current superimposed on the sensor or acquisition current.

Le courant de superposition injecté dans la boucle de courant par le circuit de test se superpose au courant traversant le capteur pour simuler son fonctionnement vis-à-vis du système d'acquisition, ou se superpose au courant traversant le système d'acquisition pour simuler son fonctionnement vis-à-vis du capteur analogique.The superposition current injected into the current loop by the test circuit is superimposed on the current flowing through the sensor to simulate its operation vis-à-vis the acquisition system, or is superimposed on the current flowing through the acquisition system to simulate its operation vis-à-vis the analog sensor.

Le circuit de test monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant permet donc d'injecter un courant de superposition sans ouvrir la boucle de courant reliant le système d'acquisition et le capteur analogique. On remédie ainsi aux inconvénients cités précédemment : d'une part, le risque d'inverser la polarité du capteur par reconnexion est éliminé, d'autre part, aucune anomalie de boucle ouverte n'est détectée par le système d'acquisition lors du test du capteur analogique.The test circuit connected in parallel with the current loop thus makes it possible to inject a superposition current without opening the current loop connecting the acquisition system and the analog sensor. This overcomes the drawbacks mentioned above: on the one hand, the risk of reversing the polarity of the sensor by reconnection is eliminated, on the other hand, no open loop anomaly is detected by the acquisition system during the test analog sensor.

Selon un premier avantage de l'invention, le circuit de test comprend un générateur de tension variable monté en parallèle au système d'acquisition pour injecter le courant de superposition par addition au courant d'acquisition, ce qui permet de contrôler un seuil bas de courant du système d'acquisition.According to a first advantage of the invention, the test circuit comprises a variable voltage generator connected in parallel to the acquisition system for injecting the superposition current by addition to the acquisition current, which makes it possible to control a low current threshold of the acquisition system.

Dans un mode préféré de réalisation, le circuit de test comprend un ampèremètre monté en série avec le générateur de tension continue variable pour déterminer l'intensité du courant de superposition.In a preferred embodiment, the test circuit includes an ammeter connected in series with the variable DC generator to determine the intensity of the superposition current.

Dans un autre mode préféré de réalisation, le circuit de test comprend une diode montée en série avec le générateur de tension variable pour protéger la boucle de courant lorsque la tension variable est nulle.In another preferred embodiment, the test circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the variable voltage generator to protect the current loop when the variable voltage is zero.

Dans un autre mode préféré de réalisation, le circuit de test comprend une diode montée en série avec le système d'acquisition pour préserver une indépendance de fonctionnement de plusieurs boucles de courant reliant plusieurs capteurs à un même système d'acquisition.In another preferred embodiment, the test circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the acquisition system to preserve an operating independence of several current loops connecting several sensors to the same acquisition system.

Selon un deuxième avantage de l'invention, le circuit de test comprend un régulateur de courant variable monté en parallèle au capteur analogique pour injecter le courant de superposition par addition au courant de capteur, ce qui permet de contrôler un seuil haut de courant du système d'acquisition.According to a second advantage of the invention, the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator connected in parallel with the analog sensor for injecting the superposition current by addition to the sensor current, which makes it possible to control a high current threshold of the system. acquisition.

Selon un troisième avantage de l'invention, le circuit de test comprend un régulateur de courant variable monté en parallèle au capteur analogique pour injecter le courant de superposition par addition au courant de capteur, le courant de superposition étant asservi à ce courant de capteur, ce qui permet de maintenir le courant d'acquisition dans la boucle de courant.According to a third advantage of the invention, the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator mounted in parallel with the analog sensor for injecting the superposition current by addition to the sensor current, the superposition current being slaved to this sensor current, which makes it possible to maintain the acquisition current in the current loop.

Dans un mode préféré de réalisation, le circuit de test comprend un ampèremètre monté en série avec le régulateur de courant variable pour déterminer l'intensité du courant de simulation.In a preferred embodiment, the test circuit comprises an ammeter connected in series with the variable current regulator for determining the intensity of the simulation current.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaitront à la lecture de la description d'exemples de réalisation illustrés par les dessins.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of exemplary embodiments illustrated by the drawings.

La figure 1 montre sous forme de schéma électrique une boucle de courant avec un capteur analogique et un système d'acquisition et un circuit de test monté en parallèle pour tester le seuil bas de courant du système d'acquisition.The figure 1 shows in circuit diagram form a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit connected in parallel to test the low current threshold of the acquisition system.

La figure 2 montre sous forme de schéma électrique une boucle de courant avec un capteur analogique et un système d'acquisition et un circuit de test monté en parallèle pour tester le seuil haut de courant du système d'acquisition.The figure 2 shows in circuit diagram form a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit connected in parallel to test the high current threshold of the acquisition system.

La figure 3 montre sous forme de schéma électrique une boucle de courant avec un capteur analogique et un système d'acquisition et un circuit de test monté en parallèle pour maintenir constant un courant d'acquisition quel que soit un courant de capteur.The figure 3 shows as a circuit diagram a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit connected in parallel to keep constant an acquisition current regardless of a sensor current.

Une boucle de courant du type 4 - 20 mA comprend, figure 1, un capteur analogique 1 et un système d'acquisition 3. Le capteur analogique est par exemple un capteur de pression monté par l'extérieur sur une enveloppe d'un appareillage électrique à haute tension comme un disjoncteur. Il est clair cependant que l'invention n'est pas limitée à un tel capteur de pression, et s'applique à d'autres capteurs analogiques comme fonctionnant dans une boucle de courant 0 -20 mA ou 4 - 20 mA. On peut citer comme exemples de tels capteurs, des capteurs de température, de débit, de pH, ou encore de viscosité.A 4-20 mA current loop includes, figure 1 , an analog sensor 1 and an acquisition system 3. The analog sensor is for example a pressure sensor mounted externally on a casing of a high-voltage electrical equipment such as a circuit breaker. It is clear however that the invention is not limited to such a pressure sensor, and applies to other analog sensors as operating in a 0-20 mA or 4-20 mA current loop. Examples of such sensors include temperature, flow, pH, or viscosity sensors.

Le capteur de pression 1 est parcouru par un courant de capteur Ic qui est imposé par la pression qui règne à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe du disjoncteur remplie d'un gaz diélectrique d'extinction d'arc.The pressure sensor 1 is traversed by a sensor current Ic which is imposed by the pressure inside the envelope of the circuit-breaker filled with an arc-extinguishing dielectric gas.

Le système d'acquisition 3 comprend un source 5 de tension continue V1 par exemple de 24 volts (V). La source de tension débite dans une résistance série R1 égale par exemple à 100 ohm (Ω) un courant d'acquisition la. Un ampèremètre A1 est temporairement monté en parallèle à une diode D1 en série avec le système d'acquisition 3 pour déterminer l'intensité du courant d'acquisition la.The acquisition system 3 comprises a source of DC voltage V1, for example 24 volts (V). The source of voltage discharges in a series resistor R1 equal for example to 100 ohm (Ω) an acquisition current la. An ammeter A1 is temporarily connected in parallel with a diode D1 in series with the acquisition system 3 to determine the intensity of the acquisition current Ia.

Selon l'invention, un circuit de test est monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant pour injecter dans ladite boucle un courant de superposition qui se superpose au courant de capteur ou au courant d'acquisition.According to the invention, a test circuit is connected in parallel with the current loop to inject into said loop a superposition current which is superimposed on the sensor current or the acquisition current.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, figure 1, le circuit de test comprend un générateur 7 de tension continue V4 variable entre 0 et 24 V monté en parallèle au système d'acquisition 3. Le générateur 7 débite un courant de superposition Is dans une résistance série R4 égale par exemple à 100 Ω.According to a first embodiment of the invention, figure 1 , the test circuit comprises a variable voltage generator V4 V4 between 0 and 24 V connected in parallel to the acquisition system 3. The generator 7 delivers a superposition current Is in a series resistor R4 equal for example to 100 Ω.

Le courant de superposition Is est injecté par l'intermédiaire du générateur 7 de tension en amont du capteur de pression 1 par rapport au sens du courant d'acquisition la pour s'additionner à ce dernier, la somme Ia + Is étant égale au courant de capteur Ic. Un ampèremètre A2 est monté en série avec le générateur 7 de tension continue variable V4 pour déterminer l'intensité du courant de superposition Is.The superposition current Is is injected via the voltage generator 7 upstream of the pressure sensor 1 with respect to the direction of the acquisition current la to add to the latter, the sum Ia + Is being equal to the current Ic. An ammeter A2 is connected in series with variable voltage generator V4 V4 to determine the intensity of the superposition current Is.

De cette façon, on augmente progressivement la tension variable V4 pour augmenter le courant de superposition ls, et pour diminuer le courant d'acquisition la compte tenu de la constance du courant de capteur Ic imposée par la constance de la pression à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe pendant la durée du test. On fait ainsi baisser le courant d'acquisition la jusqu'à un seuil bas pour vérifier le bon fonctionnement du système d'acquisition sans ouvrir la boucle de courant.In this way, the variable voltage V4 is gradually increased to increase the superposition current ls, and to reduce the acquisition current, taking into account the constancy of the sensor current Ic imposed by the constancy of the pressure inside the the envelope for the duration of the test. The acquisition current is thus lowered to a low threshold to check the proper operation of the acquisition system without opening the current loop.

De préférence, le circuit de test comprend, figure 1, une diode D2 montée en série avec le générateur 7 de tension variable V4 pour empêcher que le courant d'acquisition la ne soit détourné en partie dans le circuit de test lorsque la tension variable V4 est faible.Preferably, the test circuit comprises, figure 1 , a diode D2 connected in series with the generator 7 of variable voltage V4 for prevent the acquisition current 1a being partially diverted into the test circuit when the variable voltage V4 is low.

Il est également prévu de monter une diode D3 en série avec la source 5 de tension continue V1 du système d'acquisition 3 pour prévenir une augmentation de cette tension V1, le courant la ne pouvant devenir négatif. De cette façon, on préserve la possibilité d'alimenter plusieurs capteurs de pression dans plusieurs boucles de courant à l'aide de la même source de tension continue et de tester le seuil bas de courant d'acquisition d'une boucle de courant sans perturber l'alimentation des autres capteurs de pression des autres boucles de courant.It is also planned to mount a diode D3 in series with the DC voltage source V1 of the acquisition system 3 to prevent an increase in this voltage V1, the current can not become negative. In this way, the possibility of feeding several pressure sensors in several current loops using the same DC voltage source and testing the low current threshold of acquisition of a current loop without disturbing is preserved. feeding the other pressure sensors of the other current loops.

Selon un deuxième mode particulier de l'invention, figure 2, le circuit de test comprend un régulateur 9 de courant continu variable monté en parallèle avec le capteur analogique 1.According to a second particular embodiment of the invention, figure 2 , the test circuit comprises a variable DC regulator 9 connected in parallel with the analog sensor 1.

Le courant de superposition Is est injecté par l'intermédiaire du régulateur 9 de courant continu variable en aval du capteur de pression 1 par rapport au sens du courant d'acquisition la pour s'additionner au courant de capteur Ic, la somme Ic + Is étant égale au courant d'acquisition la. Un ampèremètre A2 est monté en série avec régulateur 9 de courant continu variable pour déterminer l'intensité du courant de superposition Is.The superposition current Is is injected via variable current regulator 9 downstream of the pressure sensor 1 relative to the direction of the acquisition current 1c to add to the sensor current Ic, the sum Ic + Is being equal to the acquisition current la. An ammeter A2 is mounted in series with variable DC regulator 9 to determine the intensity of the superposition current Is.

De cette façon, on augmente progressivement le courant de superposition ls pour augmenter le courant d'acquisition la compte tenu de la constance du courant de capteur Ic imposée par la constance de la pression à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe pendant la durée du test. On fait ainsi augmenter le courant d'acquisition la jusqu'à un seuil haut pour vérifier le bon fonctionnement du système d'acquisition 3 sans ouvrir la boucle de courant.In this way, the superposition current ls is gradually increased to increase the acquisition current, given the constancy of the sensor current Ic imposed by the constancy of the pressure inside the envelope during the duration of the test. . This increases the acquisition current la up to a high threshold to verify the proper operation of the acquisition system 3 without opening the current loop.

Il faut noter avantageusement que pendant le contrôle des seuils bas et haut de courant du système d'acquisition, le courant de capteur lc est accessible à partir des intensités de courant d'acquisition la et de superposition ls déterminées par les ampèremètres A1 et A2 montés dans le circuit de test. Il en résulte que la pression du gaz diélectrique contenue dans l'enveloppe est surveillée pendant toute la durée du test des seuils du système d'acquisition, à l'aide du circuit de test monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant. Une fuite du gaz diélectrique hors de l'enveloppe se traduit par une baisse du courant de capteur Ic et par conséquent par une baisse du courant de superposition ls aisément déterminée par l'ampèremètre A2.It should be noted advantageously that during the control of the low and high current thresholds of the acquisition system, the sensor current lc is accessible from the acquisition current intensities Ia and superposition ls determined by ammeters A1 and A2 mounted in the test circuit. As a result, the pressure of the dielectric gas contained in the envelope is monitored throughout the duration of the threshold testing of the acquisition system, using the test circuit connected in parallel with the current loop. A leakage of the dielectric gas out of the envelope results in a decrease in the sensor current Ic and consequently in a drop in the superposition current Is easily determined by the ammeter A2.

Selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, figure 3, le circuit de test comprend un régulateur 11 de courant variable monté en parallèle au capteur de pression 1 pour injecter un courant de superposition ls par addition au courant de capteur Ic, le courant de superposition ls étant asservi au courant d'acquisition la.According to a third embodiment of the invention, figure 3 the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator 11 connected in parallel with the pressure sensor 1 for injecting a superposition current ls by addition to the sensor current Ic, the superposition current ls being slaved to the acquisition current 1a.

L'intensité du courant d'acquisition la acquise par le système d'acquisition au début du test est affectée comme consigne au régulateur 11 de courant continu variable par un asservissement 13 relié à l'ampèremètre A1 monté parallèlement à la diode série D1 du système d'acquisition 3.The intensity of the acquisition current acquired by the acquisition system at the beginning of the test is assigned as a setpoint to the variable current regulator 11 by a servocontrol 13 connected to the ammeter A1 mounted parallel to the series diode D1 of the system. acquisition 3.

Pendant toute la durée du test, une variation du courant de capteur Ic se traduit par une variation du courant d'acquisition la qui est immédiatement compensée par le courant de superposition Is injecté par le régulateur 11 pour maintenir constant le courant d'acquisition la. Si le courant de capteur Ic baisse, le courant de superposition ls augmente pour garder la constant.Throughout the test, a variation of the sensor current Ic results in a variation of the acquisition current la which is immediately compensated by the superposition current Is injected by the regulator 11 to keep the acquisition current 1a constant. If the sensor current Ic drops, the superposition current ls increases to keep the constant.

De cette façon, on annule progressivement le courant de capteur Ic en le remplaçant par le courant de superposition ls sans ouvrir ladite boucle de courant. Lorsque Ic est à zéro, on peut déconnecter le capteur de pression 1 de la boucle de courant pour le contrôler tout en prévenant une anomalie de boucle ouverte détectée par le système d'acquisition. Aucune alarme n'est générée par le système d'acquisition.In this way, the sensor current Ic is progressively canceled by replacing it with the superposition current ls without opening said current loop. When Ic is zero, it is possible to disconnect the pressure sensor 1 from the current loop to control it while preventing an open loop anomaly detected by the acquisition system. No alarm is generated by the acquisition system.

Selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention, le circuit de test est installé dans un boîtier amovible et portable qui comprend des broches de branchement destinées à être raccordées à des prises de test montées à demeure sur la boucle de courant.According to a fourth embodiment of the invention, the test circuit is installed in a removable and portable housing which comprises connection pins intended to be connected to test sockets permanently mounted on the current loop.

L'une 13 des broches est raccordée en aval de la diode D1 montée en série avec le système d'acquisition en un branchement commun avec l'ampèremètre A1 déterminant l'intensité du courant d'acquisition la. L'autre 15 broche est raccordée en aval du capteur de pression 1. De préférence, l'ampèremètre A1 est intégré au boîtier de test qui comprend dans ce cas une troisième broche 17 raccordée en amont de la diode D1 en un branchement commun avec l'ampèremètre.One of the pins 13 is connected downstream of the diode D1 connected in series with the acquisition system in a common connection with the ammeter A1 determining the intensity of the acquisition current la. The other 15 pin is connected downstream of the pressure sensor 1. Preferably, the ammeter A1 is integrated in the test box which in this case comprises a third pin 17 connected upstream of the diode D1 in a common connection with the 'ammeter.

Claims (10)

  1. A current loop, notably of the 4-20 milliampere or 0-20 milliampere type, connecting an analog sensor (1) to an acquisition system (3) crossed by a sensor current (Ic) and an acquisition current (Ia) respectively, including a circuit for testing proper operation, mounted in parallel with the current loop so that a current (Is) may be injected therein, which is superimposed to the sensor current (Ic) or to the acquisition current (Ia), characterized in that the gradual increase of the superposition current (Is) is utilized in order to check the operation of the acquisition system right up to a low current threshold or right up to a high current threshold, respectively.
  2. The current loop according to claim 1, wherein the test circuit comprises a variable voltage (V4) generator (7) which is mounted in parallel with the acquisition system (3) and which allows the superposition current (Is) to be injected, while keeping constant the sum of the acquisition current (Ia) and of the superposition current which corresponds to the sensor current (Ic), when the superposition current is increased in order to check the operation of the acquisition system right up to a low current threshold.
  3. The current loop according to claim 2, wherein the test circuit comprises a diode (D2) mounted in series with the variable voltage generator (7).
  4. The current loop according to claim 2, wherein the test circuit comprises a diode (D3) mounted in series with the acquisition system.
  5. The current loop according to claim 2, wherein the test circuit comprises an amperemeter (A2), mounted in series with the variable voltage generator (7).
  6. The current loop according to claim 1, wherein the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator (9) which is mounted in parallel with the analog sensor (1) and which allows the superposition current (Is) to be injected, while keeping constant the sum of the sensor current (Ic) and of the superposition current, which corresponds to the acquisition current, when the superposition current is increased in order to check the operation of the acquisition system right up to a high current threshold.
  7. The current loop according to claim 6, wherein the test circuit comprises an amperemeter (A2) mounted in series with the variable current regulator (9).
  8. The current loop according to claim 6, wherein the current regulator (9) is servo-controlled by the acquisition current (Ia).
  9. The current loop according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the analog sensor is a pressure sensor of an electric apparatus casing.
  10. A removable casing comprising a test circuit for testing a current loop according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising connection pins (13, 15, 17) intended to be connected to test connections permanently mounted on the current loop.
EP99929506A 1998-07-20 1999-07-19 Current loop comprising a test circuit Expired - Lifetime EP1036385B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9809217A FR2781301B1 (en) 1998-07-20 1998-07-20 CURRENT LOOP OF THE TYPE 4-20 MILLIAMPERES OR 0-20 MILLIAMPERES COMPRISING A TEST CIRCUIT IN PARALLEL
FR9809217 1998-07-20
PCT/FR1999/001764 WO2000005695A1 (en) 1998-07-20 1999-07-19 Current loop comprising a test circuit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1036385A1 EP1036385A1 (en) 2000-09-20
EP1036385B1 true EP1036385B1 (en) 2008-05-28

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EP99929506A Expired - Lifetime EP1036385B1 (en) 1998-07-20 1999-07-19 Current loop comprising a test circuit

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US (1) US6337570B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1036385B1 (en)
KR (1) KR20010024158A (en)
CN (1) CN1118784C (en)
AT (1) ATE397262T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4629999A (en)
BR (1) BR9906610A (en)
CA (1) CA2303980A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69938816D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2781301B1 (en)
ID (1) ID24131A (en)
NZ (1) NZ503395A (en)
TR (1) TR200000658T1 (en)
TW (1) TW510973B (en)
WO (1) WO2000005695A1 (en)

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US11315453B1 (en) * 2020-11-08 2022-04-26 Innolux Corporation Tiled display device with a test circuit

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ID24131A (en) 2000-07-06
US6337570B1 (en) 2002-01-08
TW510973B (en) 2002-11-21
FR2781301A1 (en) 2000-01-21
CA2303980A1 (en) 2000-02-03
BR9906610A (en) 2000-09-19
AU4629999A (en) 2000-02-14
NZ503395A (en) 2001-04-27
WO2000005695A1 (en) 2000-02-03
TR200000658T1 (en) 2000-11-21
EP1036385A1 (en) 2000-09-20
KR20010024158A (en) 2001-03-26
DE69938816D1 (en) 2008-07-10
FR2781301B1 (en) 2000-09-08
ATE397262T1 (en) 2008-06-15
CN1274452A (en) 2000-11-22
CN1118784C (en) 2003-08-20

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