EP1036385A1 - Current loop comprising a test circuit - Google Patents

Current loop comprising a test circuit

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Publication number
EP1036385A1
EP1036385A1 EP99929506A EP99929506A EP1036385A1 EP 1036385 A1 EP1036385 A1 EP 1036385A1 EP 99929506 A EP99929506 A EP 99929506A EP 99929506 A EP99929506 A EP 99929506A EP 1036385 A1 EP1036385 A1 EP 1036385A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
sensor
acquisition
test circuit
acquisition system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99929506A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1036385B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Audren
Jean Marmonier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
Alstom Holdings SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Holdings SA filed Critical Alstom Holdings SA
Publication of EP1036385A1 publication Critical patent/EP1036385A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1036385B1 publication Critical patent/EP1036385B1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a current loop of the 4-20 milliamperes or 0-20 milliamperes type, connecting an analog sensor to an acquisition system crossed respectively by a sensor current and an acquisition current.
  • a current loop tile is widely used.
  • the power supply of the sensor is carried by the same wires as the signal, which leads to a reduction in the cost on the part of the wiring compared to other types of signals requiring more wires in the cable, on the other hand the signal is very little disturbed by electromagnetic radiation, which allows transmission over long distances or in a medium with high radiation density.
  • the proper functioning of the acquisition system is checked using test devices designed to simulate the operation of the sensor.
  • the simulation is carried out by connecting the test device in substitution for the analog sensor.
  • Disconnecting the sensor is not without drawbacks: there is a risk of incorrect recon ⁇ exio ⁇ for example by an inversion of polarity, or even a forgetting to reco ⁇ nexio ⁇ , or even insufficient tightening of the connections. In case conditions, the maintenance of the acquisition system turns out to be counter productive.
  • the operation of the analog sensor is controlled by disconnecting it from the current loop. This is done in particular when the sensor is removed from its installation site. Again, the disconnection is not without drawbacks: the acquisition system generally interprets it as an open loop a ⁇ omaiie and generates an alarm. It is therefore necessary to intervene so that the anomaly is not treated as such by a control unit of the acquisition system.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy the problem of controlling the operation of an acquisition system or of a sensor by disconnection - reconnection in a current loop of the 4 - 20 mA or 0 - 20 mA type.
  • the idea behind the invention is to perform the control without opening the current loop.
  • the subject of the invention is a current loop of the type 4 - 20 milliamperes or 0 - 20 milliamperes, connecting an analog sensor to an acquisition system crossed respectively by a sensor current and an acquisition current, characterized in that a test circuit is mounted in parallel with the current loop to inject into said loop a superposition current which is superimposed on the sensor or acquisition current.
  • the superposition current injected into the current loop by the test circuit is superimposed on the current passing through the sensor to simulate its operation with respect to the acquisition system, or is superimposed on the current passing through the acquisition system to simulate its operation vis-à-vis the analog sensor.
  • test circuit mounted in parallel with the current loop therefore makes it possible to inject a superposition current without opening the current loop connecting the acquisition system and the analog sensor.
  • the above-mentioned drawbacks are thus remedied: on the one hand, the risk of reversing the polarity of the sensor by reconnection is eliminated, on the other hand, no open loop anomaly is detected by the acquisition system during the test of the analog sensor.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable voltage generator mounted in parallel to the acquisition system for injecting the superposition current by addition to the acquisition current, which makes it possible to control a low current threshold of the acquisition system.
  • test circuit comprises an ammeter connected in series with the variable DC voltage generator to determine the intensity of the superimposing current.
  • test circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the variable voltage generator to protect the current loop when the variable voltage is zero.
  • the test circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the acquisition system to preserve the operating independence of several current loops connecting several sensors to the same acquisition system.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator mounted in parallel with the analog sensor to inject the superposition current by addition to the sensor current, which makes it possible to control a high current threshold of the system acquisition.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator mounted in parallel with the analog sensor for injecting the superposition current by addition to the sensor current, the superposition current being controlled by this sensor current, which keeps the acquisition current in the current loop.
  • test circuit includes an ammeter mounted in series with the variable current regulator to determine the intensity of the simulation current.
  • Figure 1 shows in the form of an electrical diagram a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit mounted in parallel to test the low current threshold of the acquisition system.
  • Figure 2 shows in the form of an electrical diagram a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit mounted in parallel to test the high current threshold of the acquisition system.
  • FIG. 3 shows in the form of an electrical diagram a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit mounted in parallel to maintain constant an acquisition current whatever a sensor current.
  • a current loop of the 4-20 mA type comprises, in FIG. 1, an analog sensor 1 and an acquisition system 3.
  • the analog sensor is for example a pressure sensor mounted from the outside on a casing of an electrical apparatus. at high voltage like a circuit breaker. It is clear, however, that the invention is not limited to such a pressure sensor, and applies to other analog sensors as operating in a 0-20 mA or 4-20 mA current loop. Examples of such sensors include, temperature, flow, pH, or even viscosity sensors.
  • the pressure sensor 1 is traversed by a sensor current Ie which is imposed by the pressure prevailing inside the casing of the circuit breaker filled with dielectric arc extinguishing gas.
  • the acquisition system 3 comprises a source 5 of direct voltage V1, for example of 24 volts (V). Voltage source flows in a series resistance R1 equal for example of 100 ohm ( ⁇ ) an acquisition current la. An ammeter A1 is temporarily mounted in parallel with a diode D1 in series with the acquisition system 3 to determine the intensity of the acquisition current la. According to the invention, a test circuit is mounted in parallel with the current loop to inject into said loop a superposition current which is superimposed on the sensor current or on the acquisition current.
  • the test circuit comprises a generator 7 of DC voltage V4 variable between 0 and 24 V mounted in parallel with the acquisition system 3.
  • the - generator 7 delivers a supe ⁇ osition current Is in a series resistor R4 for example equal to 100 ⁇ .
  • the superposition current Is is injected via the voltage generator 7 upstream of the pressure sensor 1 relative to the direction of the acquisition current la to add to the latter, the sum la + Is being equal to the current the sensor.
  • An ammeter A2 is connected in series with the generator 7 of variable direct voltage V4 to determine the intensity of the superposition current Is.
  • variable voltage V4 is gradually increased to increase the superimposition current Is, and to decrease the acquisition current the taking into account the constancy of the sensor current le imposed by the constancy of the pressure inside the envelope for the duration of the test.
  • the acquisition current la is thus lowered to a low threshold to verify the correct functioning of the acquisition system without opening the current loop.
  • the test circuit comprises, in FIG. 1, a diode D2 connected in series with the generator 7 of variable voltage V4 for prevent the acquisition current Ia from being partially diverted in the test circuit when the variable voltage V4 is low.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable direct current regulator 9 mounted in parallel with the analog sensor 1.
  • the superposition current Is is injected via the current regulator 9 continuous variable downstream of the pressure sensor 1 relative to the direction of the acquisition current la to add to the sensor current le, the sum le + Is being equal to the acquisition current la.
  • An ammeter A2 is connected in series with regulator 9 of variable direct current to determine the intensity of the superposition current Is.
  • the superposition current Is is gradually increased to increase the acquisition current Ia taking into account the constancy of the sensor current Ie imposed by the constancy of the pressure inside the envelope during the duration of the test. .
  • the acquisition current la is thus increased to a high threshold to verify the correct functioning of the acquisition system 3 without opening the current loop.
  • the sensor current le is accessible from the acquisition current intensities la and superposition Is determined by the ammeters A1 and A2 mounted in the test circuit.
  • the pressure of the dielectric gas contained in the envelope is monitored throughout the duration of the test of the thresholds of the acquisition system, using the test circuit mounted in parallel with the current loop.
  • a leakage of the dielectric gas out of the envelope results in a drop in the sensor current Ie and consequently in a drop in the superposition current Is easily determined by the ammeter A2.
  • the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator 11 mounted in parallel with the pressure sensor 1 to inject a superposition current Is by addition to the sensor current le, the current of supe ⁇ sition Is being subject to the acquisition current la.
  • the intensity of the acquisition current acquired by the acquisition system at the start of the test is assigned as a setpoint to the variable direct current regulator 11 by a servo 13 connected to the ammeter A1 mounted parallel to the series diode D1 of the system. 3.
  • a variation of the sensor current Ie results in a variation of the acquisition current Ia which is immediately compensated by the superposition current Is injected by the regulator 11 to keep the current constant. of acquisition. If the sensor current decreases, the superposition current Is increases to keep the constant.
  • the sensor current Ic is progressively canceled by replacing it with the superposition current Is without opening said current loop.
  • the pressure sensor 1 can be disconnected from the current loop to control it while preventing an open loop anomaly detected by the acquisition system. No alarm is generated by the acquisition system.
  • test circuit is installed in a removable and portable casing which comprises connection pins intended to be connected to test sockets permanently mounted on the current loop.
  • One of the pins 13 is connected downstream of the diode D1 connected in series with the acquisition system in a common connection with the ammeter A1 determining the intensity of the acquisition current la.
  • the other 15 pin is connected downstream of the pressure sensor 1.
  • the ammeter A1 is integrated into the test box which in this case comprises a third pin 17 connected upstream of the diode D1 in a common connection with the 'ammeter.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Interface Circuits In Exchanges (AREA)
  • Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Structure Of Printed Boards (AREA)
  • Printing Elements For Providing Electric Connections Between Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The 4 mA-20 mA type or 0-20 mA type current loop connects an analog sensor (1) to an acquisition system (3), respectively carrying a sensor current (Ic) and an acquisition current (Ia). A test circuit is connected in parallel with the current loop to inject a superposition current (Is) into said loop, which current is superposed on the sensor current (Ic) or on the acquisition current (Ia). In a first embodiment, a variable voltage generator (7) injects the superposition current (Is) by adding it to the acquisition current (Ia), thereby making it possible to check a low-current threshold of the acquisition system (3). In a second embodiment, a variable current regulator injects the superposition current (Is) by adding it to the sensor current (Ic), thereby making it possible to check a high-current threshold of the acquisition system. The high- and low-current thresholds of the acquisition system are tested without opening the current loop.

Description

BOUCLE DE COURANT COMPORTANT UN CIRCUIT DE TESTCURRENT LOOP HAVING A TEST CIRCUIT
L'invention se rapporte à une boucle de courant du type 4 - 20 milliamperes ou 0 - 20 milliamperes, reliant un capteur analogique à un système d'acquisition respectivement traversés par un courant de capteur et un courant d'acquisition. Une teile boucle de courant est largement utilisée. La boucle du type 4 - 20 milliamperes (mA) en technologie "2μls" par exemple, permet au capteur de fonctionner sur l'énergie apportée par un courant de capteur de 4 mA. Les avantages de la boude de courant sont bien connus : d'une part, l'alimentation du capteur est portée par les mêmes fils que le signal, ce qui entraîne une réduction du coût de la part du câblage par rapport à d'autres types de signaux nécessitant plus de fils dans le câble, d'autre part le signal est très peu perturbé par des radiations électromagnétiques, ce qui autorise une transmission sur de longues distances ou dans un milieu à forte- densité de radiations.The invention relates to a current loop of the 4-20 milliamperes or 0-20 milliamperes type, connecting an analog sensor to an acquisition system crossed respectively by a sensor current and an acquisition current. A current loop tile is widely used. The loop of type 4 - 20 milliamperes (mA) in "2μls" technology for example, allows the sensor to operate on the energy provided by a sensor current of 4 mA. The advantages of the current sulk are well known: on the one hand, the power supply of the sensor is carried by the same wires as the signal, which leads to a reduction in the cost on the part of the wiring compared to other types of signals requiring more wires in the cable, on the other hand the signal is very little disturbed by electromagnetic radiation, which allows transmission over long distances or in a medium with high radiation density.
D'une manière connue, on contrôle le bon fonctionnement du système d'acquisition à l'aide d'appareils de test conçus pour simuler le fonctionnement du capteur. La simulation est réalisée en connectant l'appareil de test en substitution du capteur analogique. La déconnexion du capteur n'est pas sans inconvénient : il existe un risque de reconπexioπ incorrecte par exemple par une inversion de polarité, ou même un oubli de recoπnexioπ, voire un serrage insuffisant des connexions. Dans cas conditions, la maintenance du système d'acquisition se révèle contre productive. D'une manière également connue, on contrôle le fonctionnement du capteur analogique en le déconnectant de la boucle de courant On procède ainsi notamment lorsque l'on démonte le capteur de son site d'installation. Là encore, la déconnexion n'est pas sans inconvénient : le système d'acquisition l'interprète en générai comme une aπomaiie de boucle ouverte et génère une alarme. II est donc nécessaire d'intervenir pour que l'anomalie ne soit pas traitée comme telle par une unité de commande du système d'acquisition.In a known manner, the proper functioning of the acquisition system is checked using test devices designed to simulate the operation of the sensor. The simulation is carried out by connecting the test device in substitution for the analog sensor. Disconnecting the sensor is not without drawbacks: there is a risk of incorrect reconπexioπ for example by an inversion of polarity, or even a forgetting to recoπnexioπ, or even insufficient tightening of the connections. In case conditions, the maintenance of the acquisition system turns out to be counter productive. In a manner also known, the operation of the analog sensor is controlled by disconnecting it from the current loop. This is done in particular when the sensor is removed from its installation site. Again, the disconnection is not without drawbacks: the acquisition system generally interprets it as an open loop aπomaiie and generates an alarm. It is therefore necessary to intervene so that the anomaly is not treated as such by a control unit of the acquisition system.
Le but de l'invention est de remédier au problème du contrôle du fonctionnement d'un système d'acquisition ou d'un capteur par déconnexion - reconnexion dans une boucle de courant du type 4 - 20 mA ou 0 - 20 mA.The object of the invention is to remedy the problem of controlling the operation of an acquisition system or of a sensor by disconnection - reconnection in a current loop of the 4 - 20 mA or 0 - 20 mA type.
L'idée à la base de l'invention est d'effectuer le contrôle sans ouvrir la boucle de courant.The idea behind the invention is to perform the control without opening the current loop.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une boucle de courant du type 4 - 20 milliamperes ou 0 - 20 milliamperes, reliant un capteur analogique à un système d'acquisition respectivement traversés par un courant de capteur et un courant d'acquisition, caractérisée en ce qu'un circuit de test est monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant pour injecter dans ladite boucle un courant de superposition qui se superpose au courant de capteur ou d'acquisition.To this end, the subject of the invention is a current loop of the type 4 - 20 milliamperes or 0 - 20 milliamperes, connecting an analog sensor to an acquisition system crossed respectively by a sensor current and an acquisition current, characterized in that a test circuit is mounted in parallel with the current loop to inject into said loop a superposition current which is superimposed on the sensor or acquisition current.
Le courant de superposition injecté dans la boucle de courant par le circuit de test se superpose au courant traversant le capteur pour simuler son fonctionnement vis-à-vis du système d'acquisition, ou se superpose au courant traversant le système d'acquisition pour simuler son fonctionnement vis-à-vis du capteur analogique.The superposition current injected into the current loop by the test circuit is superimposed on the current passing through the sensor to simulate its operation with respect to the acquisition system, or is superimposed on the current passing through the acquisition system to simulate its operation vis-à-vis the analog sensor.
Le circuit de test monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant permet donc d'injecter un courant de superposition sans ouvrir la boucle de courant reliant le système d'acquisition et le capteur analogique. On remédie ainsi aux inconvénients cités précédemment : d'une part, le risque d'inverser la polarité du capteur par reconnexion est éliminé, d'autre part, aucune anomalie de boucle ouverte n'est détectée par le système d'acquisition lors du test du capteur analogique.The test circuit mounted in parallel with the current loop therefore makes it possible to inject a superposition current without opening the current loop connecting the acquisition system and the analog sensor. The above-mentioned drawbacks are thus remedied: on the one hand, the risk of reversing the polarity of the sensor by reconnection is eliminated, on the other hand, no open loop anomaly is detected by the acquisition system during the test of the analog sensor.
Selon un premier avantage de l'invention, le circuit de test comprend un générateur de tension variable monté en parallèle au système d'acquisition pour injecter le courant de superposition par addition au courant d'acquisition, ce qui permet de contrôler un seuil bas de courant du système d'acquisition.According to a first advantage of the invention, the test circuit comprises a variable voltage generator mounted in parallel to the acquisition system for injecting the superposition current by addition to the acquisition current, which makes it possible to control a low current threshold of the acquisition system.
Dans un mode préféré de réalisation, le circuit de test comprend un ampèremètre monté en série avec le générateur de tension continue variable pour déterminer l'intensité du courant de superposition.In a preferred embodiment, the test circuit comprises an ammeter connected in series with the variable DC voltage generator to determine the intensity of the superimposing current.
Dans un autre mode préféré de réalisation, le circuit de test comprend une diode montée en série avec le générateur de tension variable pour protéger la boucle de courant lorsque la tension variable est nulle.In another preferred embodiment, the test circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the variable voltage generator to protect the current loop when the variable voltage is zero.
Dans un autre mode préféré de réalisation, le circuit de test comprend une diode montée en série avec le système d'acquisition pour préserver une indépendance de fonctionnement de plusieurs boucles de courant reliant plusieurs capteurs à un même système d'acquisition.In another preferred embodiment, the test circuit comprises a diode connected in series with the acquisition system to preserve the operating independence of several current loops connecting several sensors to the same acquisition system.
Selon un deuxième avantage de l'invention, le circuit de test comprend un régulateur de courant variable monté en parallèle au capteur analogique pour injecter le courant de superposition par addition au courant de capteur, ce qui permet de contrôler un seuil haut de courant du système d'acquisition.According to a second advantage of the invention, the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator mounted in parallel with the analog sensor to inject the superposition current by addition to the sensor current, which makes it possible to control a high current threshold of the system acquisition.
Selon un troisième avantage de l'invention, le circuit de test comprend un régulateur de courant variable monté en parallèle au capteur analogique pour injecter le courant de superposition par addition au courant de capteur, le courant de superposition étant asservi à ce courant de capteur, ce qui permet de maintenir le courant d'acquisition dans la boucle de courant.According to a third advantage of the invention, the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator mounted in parallel with the analog sensor for injecting the superposition current by addition to the sensor current, the superposition current being controlled by this sensor current, which keeps the acquisition current in the current loop.
Dans un mode préféré de réalisation, le circuit de test comprend un ampèremètre monté en série avec le régulateur de courant variable pour déterminer l'intensité du courant de simulation. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description d'exemples de réalisation illustrés par les dessins.In a preferred embodiment, the test circuit includes an ammeter mounted in series with the variable current regulator to determine the intensity of the simulation current. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of exemplary embodiments illustrated by the drawings.
La figure 1 montre sous forme de schéma électrique une boucle de courant avec un capteur analogique et un système d'acquisition et un circuit de test monté en parallèle pour tester le seuil bas de courant du système d'acquisition.Figure 1 shows in the form of an electrical diagram a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit mounted in parallel to test the low current threshold of the acquisition system.
La figure 2 montre sous forme de schéma électrique une boucle de courant avec un capteur analogique et un système d'acquisition et un circuit de test monté en parallèle pour tester le seuil haut de courant du système d'acquisition.Figure 2 shows in the form of an electrical diagram a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit mounted in parallel to test the high current threshold of the acquisition system.
La figure 3 montre sous forme de schéma électrique une boucle de courant avec un capteur analogique et un système d'acquisition et un circuit de test monté en parallèle pour maintenir constant un courant d'acquisition quel que soit un courant de capteur.FIG. 3 shows in the form of an electrical diagram a current loop with an analog sensor and an acquisition system and a test circuit mounted in parallel to maintain constant an acquisition current whatever a sensor current.
Une boucle de courant du type 4 - 20 mA comprend, figure 1 , un capteur analogique 1 et un système d'acquisition 3. Le capteur analogique est par exemple un capteur de pression monté par l'extérieur sur une enveloppe d'un appareillage électrique à haute tension comme un disjoncteur. Il est clair cependant que l'invention n'est pas limitée à un tel capteur de pression, et s'applique à d'autres capteurs analogiques comme fonctionnant dans une boucle de courant 0 -20 mA ou 4 - 20 mA. On peut citer comme exemples de tels capteurs, des capteurs de température, de débit, de pH, ou encore de viscosité.A current loop of the 4-20 mA type comprises, in FIG. 1, an analog sensor 1 and an acquisition system 3. The analog sensor is for example a pressure sensor mounted from the outside on a casing of an electrical apparatus. at high voltage like a circuit breaker. It is clear, however, that the invention is not limited to such a pressure sensor, and applies to other analog sensors as operating in a 0-20 mA or 4-20 mA current loop. Examples of such sensors include, temperature, flow, pH, or even viscosity sensors.
Le capteur de pression 1 est parcouru par un courant de capteur le qui est imposé par la pression qui règne à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe du disjoncteur remplie d'uπ_gaz diélectrique d'extinction d'arc.The pressure sensor 1 is traversed by a sensor current Ie which is imposed by the pressure prevailing inside the casing of the circuit breaker filled with dielectric arc extinguishing gas.
Le système d'acquisition 3 comprend un source 5 de tension continue V1 par exemple de 24 volts (V). La source de tension débite dans une résistance série R1 égale par exemple de 100 ohm (Ω) un courant d'acquisition la. Un ampèremètre A1 est temporairement monté en parallèle à une diode D1 en série avec le système d'acquisition 3 pour déterminer l'intensité du courant d'acquisition la. Selon l'invention, un circuit de test est monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant pour injecter dans ladite boucle un courant de superposition qui se superpose au courant de capteur ou au courant d'acquisition.The acquisition system 3 comprises a source 5 of direct voltage V1, for example of 24 volts (V). Voltage source flows in a series resistance R1 equal for example of 100 ohm (Ω) an acquisition current la. An ammeter A1 is temporarily mounted in parallel with a diode D1 in series with the acquisition system 3 to determine the intensity of the acquisition current la. According to the invention, a test circuit is mounted in parallel with the current loop to inject into said loop a superposition current which is superimposed on the sensor current or on the acquisition current.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, figure 1, le circuit de test comprend un générateur 7 de tension continue V4 variable entre 0 et 24 V monté en parallèle au système d'acquisition 3.According to a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 1, the test circuit comprises a generator 7 of DC voltage V4 variable between 0 and 24 V mounted in parallel with the acquisition system 3.
Le - générateur 7 débite un courant de supeφosition Is dans une résistance série R4 égaie par exemple à 100 Ω.The - generator 7 delivers a supeφosition current Is in a series resistor R4 for example equal to 100 Ω.
Le courant de supeφosition Is est injecté par l'intermédiaire du générateur 7 de tension en amont du capteur de pression 1 par rapport au sens du courant d'acquisition la pour s'additionner à ce dernier, la somme la + Is étant égale au courant de capteur le. Un ampèremètre A2 est monté en série avec le générateur 7 de tension continue variable V4 pour déterminer l'intensité du courant de superposition Is.The superposition current Is is injected via the voltage generator 7 upstream of the pressure sensor 1 relative to the direction of the acquisition current la to add to the latter, the sum la + Is being equal to the current the sensor. An ammeter A2 is connected in series with the generator 7 of variable direct voltage V4 to determine the intensity of the superposition current Is.
De cette façon, on augmente progressivement la tension variable V4 pour augmenter le courant de superposition Is, et pour diminuer le courant d'acquisition la compte tenu de la constance du courant de capteur le imposée par la constance de la pression à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe pendant la durée du test. On fait ainsi baisser le courant d'acquisition la jusqu'à un seuil bas pour vérifier le bon fonctionnement du système d'acquisition sans ouvrir la boucle de courant.In this way, the variable voltage V4 is gradually increased to increase the superimposition current Is, and to decrease the acquisition current the taking into account the constancy of the sensor current le imposed by the constancy of the pressure inside the envelope for the duration of the test. The acquisition current la is thus lowered to a low threshold to verify the correct functioning of the acquisition system without opening the current loop.
De préférence, le circuit de test comprend, figure 1 , une diode D2 montée en série avec le générateur 7 de tension variable V4 pour empêcher que le courant d'acquisition la ne soit détourné en partie dans le circuit de test lorsque la tension variable V4 est faible.Preferably, the test circuit comprises, in FIG. 1, a diode D2 connected in series with the generator 7 of variable voltage V4 for prevent the acquisition current Ia from being partially diverted in the test circuit when the variable voltage V4 is low.
Il est également prévu de monter une diode D3 en série avec la source 5 de tension continue V1 du système d'acquisition 3 pour prévenir une augmentation de cette tension V1 , le courant la ne pouvant devenir négatif. De cette façon, on préserve la possibilité d'alimenter plusieurs capteurs de pression dans plusieurs boucles de courant à l'aide de la même source de tension continue et de tester le seuil bas de courant d'acquisition d'une boucle de courant sans perturber l'alimentation des autres capteurs de pression des autres boucles de courant.It is also planned to mount a diode D3 in series with the source 5 of DC voltage V1 of the acquisition system 3 to prevent an increase in this voltage V1, the current Ia cannot become negative. In this way, the possibility of supplying several pressure sensors in several current loops is preserved using the same DC voltage source and of testing the low acquisition current threshold of a current loop without disturbing the supply of the other pressure sensors of the other current loops.
Selon un deuxième mode particulier de l'invention, figure 2, le circuit de test comprend un régulateur 9 de courant continu variable monté en parallèle avec le capteur analogique 1. Le courant de superposition Is est injecté par l'intermédiaire du régulateur 9 de courant continu variable en aval du capteur de pression 1 par rapport au sens du courant d'acquisition la pour s'additionner au courant de capteur le, la somme le + Is étant égale au courant d'acquisition la. Un ampèremètre A2 est monté en série avec régulateur 9 de courant continu variable pour déterminer l'intensité du courant de superposition Is.According to a second particular embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2, the test circuit comprises a variable direct current regulator 9 mounted in parallel with the analog sensor 1. The superposition current Is is injected via the current regulator 9 continuous variable downstream of the pressure sensor 1 relative to the direction of the acquisition current la to add to the sensor current le, the sum le + Is being equal to the acquisition current la. An ammeter A2 is connected in series with regulator 9 of variable direct current to determine the intensity of the superposition current Is.
De cette façon, on augmente progressivement le courant de superposition Is pour augmenter le courant d'acquisition la compte tenu de la constance du courant de capteur le imposée par la constance de la pression à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe pendant la durée du test. On fait ainsi augmenter le courant d'acquisition la jusqu'à un seuil haut pour vérifier le bon fonctionnement du système d'acquisition 3 sans ouvrir la boucle de courant.In this way, the superposition current Is is gradually increased to increase the acquisition current Ia taking into account the constancy of the sensor current Ie imposed by the constancy of the pressure inside the envelope during the duration of the test. . The acquisition current la is thus increased to a high threshold to verify the correct functioning of the acquisition system 3 without opening the current loop.
Il faut noter avantageusement que pendant le contrôle des seuils bas et haut de courant du système d'acquisition, le courant de capteur le est accessible à partir des intensités de courant d'acquisition la et de superposition Is déterminées par les ampèremètres A1 et A2 montés dans le circuit de test. Il en résulte que la pression du gaz diélectrique contenue dans l'enveloppe est surveillée pendant toute la durée du test des seuils du système d'acquisition, à l'aide du circuit de test monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant. Une fuite du gaz diélectrique hors de l'enveloppe se traduit par une baisse du courant de capteur le et par conséquent par une baisse du courant de superposition Is aisément déterminée par l'ampèremètre A2. Selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, figure 3, le circuit de test comprend un régulateur 11 de courant variable monté en parallèle au capteur de pression 1 pour injecter un courant de superposition Is par addition au courant de capteur le, le courant de supeφαsition Is étant asservi au courant d'acquisition la. L'intensité du courant d'acquisition la acquise par le système d'acquisition au début du test est affectée comme consigne au régulateur 11 de courant continu variable par un asservissement 13 relié à l'ampèremètre A1 monté parallèlement à la diode série D1 du système d'acquisition 3. Pendant toute la durée du test, une variation du courant de capteur le se traduit par une variation du courant d'acquisition la qui est immédiatement compensée par le courant de superposition Is injecté par le régulateur 11 pour maintenir constant le courant d'acquisition la. Si le courant de capteur le baisse, le courant de superposition Is augmente pour garder la constant.It should advantageously be noted that during the control of the low and high current thresholds of the acquisition system, the sensor current le is accessible from the acquisition current intensities la and superposition Is determined by the ammeters A1 and A2 mounted in the test circuit. As a result, the pressure of the dielectric gas contained in the envelope is monitored throughout the duration of the test of the thresholds of the acquisition system, using the test circuit mounted in parallel with the current loop. A leakage of the dielectric gas out of the envelope results in a drop in the sensor current Ie and consequently in a drop in the superposition current Is easily determined by the ammeter A2. According to a third embodiment of the invention, FIG. 3, the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator 11 mounted in parallel with the pressure sensor 1 to inject a superposition current Is by addition to the sensor current le, the current of supeφαsition Is being subject to the acquisition current la. The intensity of the acquisition current acquired by the acquisition system at the start of the test is assigned as a setpoint to the variable direct current regulator 11 by a servo 13 connected to the ammeter A1 mounted parallel to the series diode D1 of the system. 3. During the whole duration of the test, a variation of the sensor current Ie results in a variation of the acquisition current Ia which is immediately compensated by the superposition current Is injected by the regulator 11 to keep the current constant. of acquisition. If the sensor current decreases, the superposition current Is increases to keep the constant.
De cette façon, on annule progressivement le courant de capteur le en le remplaçant par le courant de superposition Is sans ouvrir ladite boucle de courant. Lorsque le est à zéro, on peut déconnecter le capteur de pression 1 de la boucle de courant pour le contrôler tout en prévenant une anomalie de boucle ouverte détectée par le système d'acquisition. Aucune alarme n'est générée par le système d'acquisition.In this way, the sensor current Ic is progressively canceled by replacing it with the superposition current Is without opening said current loop. When the is at zero, the pressure sensor 1 can be disconnected from the current loop to control it while preventing an open loop anomaly detected by the acquisition system. No alarm is generated by the acquisition system.
Selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention, le circuit de test est installé dans un boîtier amovible et portable qui comprend des broches de branchement destinées à être raccordées à des prises de test montées à demeure sur la boucle de courant.According to a fourth embodiment of the invention, the test circuit is installed in a removable and portable casing which comprises connection pins intended to be connected to test sockets permanently mounted on the current loop.
L'une 13 des broches est raccordée en aval de la diode D1 montée en série avec le système d'acquisition en un branchement commun avec l'ampèremètre A1 déterminant l'intensité du courant d'acquisition la. L'autre 15 broche est raccordée en aval du capteur de pression 1. De préférence, l'ampèremètre A1 est intégré au boîtier de test qui comprend dans ce cas une troisième broche 17 raccordée en amont de la diode D1 en un branchement commun avec l'ampèremètre. One of the pins 13 is connected downstream of the diode D1 connected in series with the acquisition system in a common connection with the ammeter A1 determining the intensity of the acquisition current la. The other 15 pin is connected downstream of the pressure sensor 1. Preferably, the ammeter A1 is integrated into the test box which in this case comprises a third pin 17 connected upstream of the diode D1 in a common connection with the 'ammeter.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Une boucle de courant, notamment du type 4 - 20 milliamperes ou 0 - 20 milliamperes, reliant un capteur analogique (1 ) à un système d'acquisition (3) respectivement traversés par un courant de capteur (le) et un courant d'acquisition (la), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un circuit de test de bon fonctionnement monté en parallèle à la boucle de courant pour permettre d'y injecter un courant (Is), qui est superposé au courant de capteur (le) ou au courant d'acquisition (la) et dont l'augmentation progressive est exploitée pour vérifier le fonctionnement du système d'acquisition respectivement jusqu'à un seuil bas ou jusqu'à un seuil haut de courant.1. A current loop, in particular of the 4-20 milliamperes or 0-20 milliamperes type, connecting an analog sensor (1) to an acquisition system (3) respectively crossed by a sensor current (le) and a current d acquisition (la), characterized in that it includes a test circuit for correct operation mounted in parallel with the current loop to allow the injection of a current (Is), which is superimposed on the sensor current (le) or at the acquisition current (la) and the progressive increase of which is used to verify the operation of the acquisition system respectively up to a low threshold or up to a high current threshold.
2. Une boucle de courant selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle le circuit de test comprend un générateur (7) de tension variable (V4) qui est monté en parallèle au système d'acquisition (3) et qui permet l'injection du courant de superposition (Is), en conservant constante la somme du courant d'acquisition (la) et du courant de superposition qui correspond au courant de capteur (le), lorsque le courant de superposition est augmenté pour vérifier le fonctionnement du système d'acquisition jusqu'à un seuil bas de courant. 2. A current loop according to claim 1, in which the test circuit comprises a generator (7) of variable voltage (V4) which is mounted in parallel with the acquisition system (3) and which allows the injection of current. superposition (Is), keeping constant the sum of the acquisition current (la) and the superposition current which corresponds to the sensor current (le), when the superposition current is increased to check the functioning of the acquisition system up to a low current threshold.
3. Une boucle de courant selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle le circuit de test comprend une diode (D2) montée en série avec le générateur (7) de tension variable.3. A current loop according to claim 2, in which the test circuit comprises a diode (D2) connected in series with the generator (7) of variable voltage.
4. Une boucle de courant selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle le circuit de test comprend une diode (D3) montée en série avec le système d'acquisition.4. A current loop according to claim 2, in which the test circuit comprises a diode (D3) connected in series with the acquisition system.
5. Une boucle de courant selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle le circuit de test comprend un ampèremètre (A2) monté en série avec le générateur (7) de tension variable. 5. A current loop according to claim 2, in which the test circuit comprises an ammeter (A2) connected in series with the generator (7) of variable voltage.
6. Une boucle de courant selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle le circuit de test comprend un régulateur (9) de courant variable qui est monté en parallèle au capteur analogique (1 ) et qui permet l'injection du courant de superposition (Is), en conservant constante la somme du courant de capteur (le) et du courant de superposition, qui correspond au courant d'acquisition, lorsque le courant de superposition est augmenté pour vérifier le fonctionnement du système d'acquisition jusqu'à un seuil haut de courant.6. A current loop according to claim 1, in which the test circuit comprises a variable current regulator (9) which is mounted in parallel with the analog sensor (1) and which allows the injection of the superposition current (Is) , keeping constant the sum of the sensor current (le) and the superposition current, which corresponds to the acquisition current, when the superposition current is increased to verify the operation of the acquisition system up to a high threshold of current.
7. Une boucle de courant selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle le circuit de test comprend un ampèremètre (A2) monté en série avec le régulateur (9) de courant variable.7. A current loop according to claim 6, in which the test circuit comprises an ammeter (A2) connected in series with the variable current regulator (9).
8. Une boucle de courant selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle le régulateur (9) de courant est asservi au courant d'acquisition (la). 8. A current loop according to claim 6, in which the current regulator (9) is controlled by the acquisition current (la).
9. Une boucle de courant selon l'une des revendications 1 à9. A current loop according to one of claims 1 to
8, dans laquelle le capteur analogique est un capteur de pression d'une enveloppe d'appareillage électrique.8, in which the analog sensor is a pressure sensor of an enclosure of electrical equipment.
10. Un boîtier amovible comprenant un circuit de test pour tester une boucle de courant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, comprenant des broches de branchement (13,15,17) destinées à être raccordées à des prises de test montées à demeure sur la boucle de courant. 10. A removable housing comprising a test circuit for testing a current loop according to one of claims 1 to 9, comprising connection pins (13,15,17) intended to be connected to permanently mounted test sockets on the current loop.
EP99929506A 1998-07-20 1999-07-19 Current loop comprising a test circuit Expired - Lifetime EP1036385B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9809217 1998-07-20
FR9809217A FR2781301B1 (en) 1998-07-20 1998-07-20 CURRENT LOOP OF THE TYPE 4-20 MILLIAMPERES OR 0-20 MILLIAMPERES COMPRISING A TEST CIRCUIT IN PARALLEL
PCT/FR1999/001764 WO2000005695A1 (en) 1998-07-20 1999-07-19 Current loop comprising a test circuit

Publications (2)

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EP1036385A1 true EP1036385A1 (en) 2000-09-20
EP1036385B1 EP1036385B1 (en) 2008-05-28

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EP99929506A Expired - Lifetime EP1036385B1 (en) 1998-07-20 1999-07-19 Current loop comprising a test circuit

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US (1) US6337570B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1036385B1 (en)
KR (1) KR20010024158A (en)
CN (1) CN1118784C (en)
AT (1) ATE397262T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4629999A (en)
BR (1) BR9906610A (en)
CA (1) CA2303980A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69938816D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2781301B1 (en)
ID (1) ID24131A (en)
NZ (1) NZ503395A (en)
TR (1) TR200000658T1 (en)
TW (1) TW510973B (en)
WO (1) WO2000005695A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
NZ503395A (en) 2001-04-27
FR2781301B1 (en) 2000-09-08
EP1036385B1 (en) 2008-05-28
ID24131A (en) 2000-07-06
KR20010024158A (en) 2001-03-26
BR9906610A (en) 2000-09-19
CA2303980A1 (en) 2000-02-03
CN1274452A (en) 2000-11-22
FR2781301A1 (en) 2000-01-21
CN1118784C (en) 2003-08-20
DE69938816D1 (en) 2008-07-10
TW510973B (en) 2002-11-21
AU4629999A (en) 2000-02-14
ATE397262T1 (en) 2008-06-15
US6337570B1 (en) 2002-01-08
TR200000658T1 (en) 2000-11-21
WO2000005695A1 (en) 2000-02-03

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