Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
  • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
  • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
  • E04C3/14—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web

Definitions

• the invention relates to a construction beam suitable for a support structure in wooden constructions.
• a wooden beam of prior art is disclosed in patent publication FI 88685, which wooden beam is composed of two or more sawn and/or surfaced wooden beams joined together, and in which each single joint is implemented by means of one joining piece resembling a double-sided spike plate, manufactured of a plate of sheet metal or the like and placed between the two wooden beams.
• a drawback in this structure is the relatively high consumption of material required in the joint, for the joining piece has to equal the entire beam in length.
• patent publication DE 2947513 discloses a rectangular or banded joining piece of metal, which resembles a double-sided spike plate and is intended for joining wooden parts together; as well as methods for pressing such a joining piece between wooden parts. The claims do not relate to structures produced as a result of pressing.
• the purpose of the invention is to reduce the disadvantages related to the beams of prior art which are constructed with mechanical joints.
• the construction beam according to the invention is characterized in what will be presented in the independent claim. Some advantageous embodiments of the invention will be presented in the dependent claims.
• the construction beam is produced by joining ordinary constructional timber by means of double-sided spike plate pieces.
• the spike plates used to join the parts of the beam together are placed only in such locations on the joint surface in which they are necessary with respect to the stresses effective on the joint surface.
• the cross- sectional shape of the beam can be selected.
• One advantage of the invention is that the amount of material required in the joint is relatively small, because there are only as many spike plates as the stress requires. Furthermore, an advantage of the invention is that a relatively small amount of wooden material is consumed for the beam, because the cross-sectional shape of the beam can be selected optimally with respect to the stress. Moreover, an advantage of the invention is that the costs for assembling the beam are relatively low, because in the fabrication of the beam, it is possible to use ordinary timber and spike plates which are generally available, and the industrial production of the beam can be arranged automatic and fast.
• Fig. 1 shows a side view of an example of the construction beam according to the invention
• Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal cross-section of the construction beam according to Fig. 1,
• Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of the construction beam according to Fig.
• Fig. 4 shows the construction beam according to Fig. 1 viewed from the end of the beam
• Fig. 5a shows a cross-section of a second construction beam according to the invention
• Fig. 5b shows a cross-section of a third construction beam according to the invention.
• Figs. 1 to 3 show a construction beam according to the invention.
• the beam in question is a so-called I beam, named after the shape of its cross-section.
• Fig. 1 shows a side view of the construction beam.
• the construction beam 6 is composed of an upper flange 1 forming the top part of the beam, a lower flange 2 forming the bottom part, and a web 3 located between them.
• the flange refers to a structural part with a horizontal cross-section
• the web refers to a structural part with a vertical cross-section.
• the terms 'upper', 'upward', Tower', 'downward', and 'horizontal' and 'vertical' are used in this specification according to the position of the beam shown in Figs.
• the upper and lower flanges of the beam are joined to the web of the beam by means of double-sided spike plates 4.
• the joint between the upper flange and the web is implemented in such a way that the spikes on the first side of said spike plates are arranged on the upwards facing side of the web, and the spikes on the second side are arranged on the downwards facing side of the upper flange.
• the lower flange of the beam is fixed to the lower surface of the web in a corresponding way.
• Fig. 2 shows the cross-section A-A of the beam of Fig. 1 along the line between the upper flange and the web.
• the figure shows the proportional sizes and locations of the spike plates in the beam used as an example.
• the beam will be placed in a horizontal position, supported at its ends, and it will be subjected to an even load from above. The result is that the shear force will be the greatest at the ends of the beam and will reduce towards the center of the beam. Therefore, there are fewer spike plates in the middle of the beam than in the ends of the beam. The smaller number of spike plates of course reduces the costs on the spike plates.
• Fig. 3 shows a cross-section, i.e. profile B-B, of the beam of Fig. 1 at the location of one spike plate.
• the I profile shown in the figure is advantageous with respect to the use of wooden material, for instance in the above-described case of loading.
• Fig. 4 also shows an I profile beam viewed from its end.
• the figure shows end bands 5 formed of one-sided spike plates. The end bands bind the ends of the upper and lower flanges to the end of the web, thereby securing the assembly of the beam during storage, transport and mounting.
• Fig. 5 shows examples of other beam constructions produced according to the invention.
• Fig. 5a there are two parts 3 of vertical profile between the flange parts 1 , 2 of horizontal profile, whereby a hollow structure is formed.
• Such an enclosed structure is advantageous in vertical beams, i.e. pillars, and in cases when the beam is subjected to torsional strain.
• Fig. 5b shows an I profile beam whose web consists of two parallel parts 3.
• the invention is not restricted solely therein.
• the fastening with spikes according to the invention can also be used when fabricating so-called pre-stilted beams, i.e. beams which are curved upwards in their rest position, wherein a higher bearing capacity is achieved without increasing the quantity of timber.
• the invention can be applied in various ways within the scope of the independent claim.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
• Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8548137

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

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Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1997
  • 1997-12-05 FI FI970542U patent/FI3491U1/fi active
• 1998
  • 1998-12-04 EP EP98958273A patent/EP1036242A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-12-04 JP JP2000524536A patent/JP2001526336A/ja active Pending
  • 1998-12-04 WO PCT/FI1998/000944 patent/WO1999029983A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2000
  • 2000-05-31 NO NO20002816A patent/NO313336B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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