EP1033188A1 - Procédé de formage d'enveloppe, enveloppe ainsi obtenue, et utilisation de telles enveloppes - Google Patents
Procédé de formage d'enveloppe, enveloppe ainsi obtenue, et utilisation de telles enveloppes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1033188A1 EP1033188A1 EP00400185A EP00400185A EP1033188A1 EP 1033188 A1 EP1033188 A1 EP 1033188A1 EP 00400185 A EP00400185 A EP 00400185A EP 00400185 A EP00400185 A EP 00400185A EP 1033188 A1 EP1033188 A1 EP 1033188A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- envelope
- stainless steel
- liquid nitrogen
- final
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010964 304L stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/02—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
- B21D51/08—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects ball-shaped objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/14—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of aluminium; constructed of non-magnetic steel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0604—Liners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
- F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
- F17C2221/017—Helium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0135—Pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0186—Applications for fluid transport or storage in the air or in space
- F17C2270/0197—Rockets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the forming of envelopes of revolution, of generally spherical configuration, by internal pressurization at cryogenic temperature of an envelope blank.
- Cryoforming of envelopes consists of forming parts of revolution metal, typically stainless steel, under pressure and temperature cryogenic. During forming, the metal is hardened by stretching, this work hardening very strongly increasing the mechanical resistance of the material, in particular for certain austenitic stainless steels by transformation martensitic of the steel structure. We thus obtain envelopes having an excellent relationship between their mass of metal and the pressure of usable service.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a forming method spherical or substantially spherical envelopes greatly reducing manufacturing costs without reducing the mechanical strength qualities of final envelopes obtained.
- the blank used consists of at least two coaxial developable portions made from sheets, that is to say typically frustoconical elements, cylindrical and flat discs.
- the present invention also aims to provide at least substantially spherical envelopes, in particular reservoirs for gas or cryogenic liquid on board naked or in the form of "liner” then externally wound, obtained by this process, and the use of such envelopes as on-board tanks.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a thermally insulated tank 1 closed by a thermally insulating cover 2 and defining a chamber interior in which a fixed frame is arranged, in particular with columns guide 3 for vertically guiding a mobile chassis 4.
- an envelope blank 5 is attached by its upper part to the cover 2 by means of a hanging device 6 and, similarly, is hooked by its end lower than the movable chassis 4 via a fastening device 7 vertically aligned with the fastening device 6.
- a spherical envelope 50 (figures 2 and 3) we start from a cylindrical-conical blank 5 constituted, in the example shown, by assembling or welding at least one cylindrical shell central 8 and two frustoconical end portions 9 each closed by a transverse plane disc 10, all coaxial with axis 11.
- the overall profile of the blank 5 is substantially inscribed in a circle of slightly smaller radius, of the order of 4 to 5% of that of the sphere of the final envelope sought.
- the blank is transformed under the effect of pressure into a first sphere in which the initial draft fits.
- the sizes of the cylindrical shell, frustoconical parts and discs are calculated so that the transformation into a sphere results in an equivalent deformation of the metal in each portion of the blank (work hardening rate of the order of 5 to 6%).
- the frustoconical halves 9 and the cylindrical shell 8 may have different proportions.
- the cylindrical shell 8 can be reduced and the frustoconical parts 9 can be split in two trunks of successive cones.
- the fastening devices 6 and 7 are fixed to the end discs 10, coaxial with axis 11, then hooked to cover 2 and mobile frame 4 in the high position in its columns or guide rails 3.
- the tank 1 and the blank 5 are filled with liquid nitrogen 12 at the ambient pressure completely enveloping the blank 5.
- Liquid nitrogen is then injected, under increasing pressure, by a pump 13, via a line 14 passing through the suspension device 6, for pressurizing internally the blank 5. This deforms plastically, in rounding down to gradually adopt the final spherical shape 50.
- Particularly suitable materials are those which, among austenitic stainless steels, good processing capacity martensitic.
- AISI 301 austenitic stainless steel has the best capacities for this martensitic transformation and possesses, once cryoformed, high mechanical strength characteristics (from 1500 MPa to 1800 MPa). In the case of cryogenic applications, AISI 301 stainless steel cryoformed may show embrittlement when used below 77 K.
- steel AISI 304 L stainless steel with poorer cryoformability (mechanical resistance from 1000 to 1200 MPa) but which, in return, allows use at 4 K.
- the other austenitic stainless steels of the series AISI 300 can also be used.
- the size of the final envelope is controlled by a measuring device in order to complete the pressurization when the desired size is reached.
- the pressurization time is variable depending on the type of pump used, it is typically around 30 to 45 minutes. Maximum pressure at the end may vary from 50 bars to 800 bars depending on the final application aimed.
- the concentricity of the poles 6 and 7 is guaranteed by the guide 3, 4. A once the final dimension is reached, the pressure is maintained for approximately 5 minutes then the envelope is depressurized quickly until the pressure atmospheric.
- the structure 2 is then removed from the liquid nitrogen bath 12 and the final envelope 50 drained of its liquid nitrogen by nitrogen sweeping gaseous.
- the envelope 50 is then removed from the structure 2 in order to be able install a new blank 5 and thus save the nitrogen bath.
- the envelope 50 then rises in temperature by natural convection.
- a double-acting cylinder 15 is disposed between the fixed frame 1,2 and the movable frame 4, for example via a caliper force transmission structure 16.
- the operations are similar to those described above.
- a force is also applied with the jack 15 between the structure 2 and the chassis 4, in tension or compression, thus making it possible to modify and adjust the diameter at poles 6 and 7 of the final envelope.
- This variant will be used if the targeted application requires for the final envelope structural strength characteristics in addition to its resistance to pressure (application of forces and moments to the poles during use). For example, increasing the diameter at poles 6 and 7 will increase the buckling resistance of the final envelope in the axis of these poles.
- the material of the envelope thus formed has an elastic limit approximately 1000 MPa and a breaking strength of the order of 1200 MPa.
- a final sphere with a diameter of 700 mm in 301 stainless steel and 4.1 mm thick from steel sheets stainless steel 301 thick 4.7 mm.
- This sphere is intended to be used as a helium pressurization tank.
- the sphere has a pressure of 240 bar service at 100 K (helium stored at 100 K) and a coefficient of security on breakage of 2.
- a final sphere with a diameter 660 mm and 3.6 mm thick from 301 stainless steel sheets 4.1 mm thick.
- This sphere is intended to be used as a reservoir helium pressurization.
- the sphere has an operating pressure of 230 bar at 100 K (helium stored at 100 K) and a safety factor on rupture of 2; its weight is equivalent to that of a sphere of the same diameter in alloy of titanium TA5E-ELl.
- the mechanical characteristics of the envelopes thus produced allow high pressure gas tanks to be produced at low cost in particular helium storage for satellite launcher or tanks xenon or helium for satellites with performance similar to titanium alloy tanks for much lower costs.
- the process is also particularly suitable for making "liners" (envelope internal metallic seal and on which Kevlar TM fibers, glass fibers and / or carbon are wound) for composite tanks wound, thus advantageously replacing the current liners which are made of titanium or aluminum and greatly reduce the cost of the tank final, because they are machined from stamped blanks.
- at least one final shaping matrix can be arranged, in the tank 1, around an area of the blank to impose on the latter, during of its expansion, the general profile of the matrix.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- L'ébauche est constituée d'au moins trois portions de révolution développables,
- La pressurisation interne est effectuée par de l'azote liquide sous pression.
- Pendant le formage, l'ébauche est immergée dans un bain d'azote liquide :
- La déformation en expansion de l'ébauche est guidée mécaniquement et, le cas échéant, assistée ou modulée mécaniquement.
- pressurisation de l'ébauche immergée par de l'azote liquide jusqu'à une pression maximale d'environ 100 bars sur une période d'environ 45 minutes; on maintient la pression maximale pendant une durée de 5 minutes,
- puis on dépressurise l'enveloppe jusqu'à Pa, sur une période inférieure à 1 minute.
Claims (12)
- Procédé de formage d'enveloppe sensiblement sphérique par pressurisation interne à une température cryogénique d'une ébauche d'enveloppe, caractérisé en ce l'ébauche (5) est constituée sous forme d'au moins deux portions développables (9, 101, 8) coaxiales réalisées à partir de tôles.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ébauche est constituée sous formes d'au moins trois portions de révolution développables coaxiales.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que l'ébauche (5) est pressurisée intérieurement par de l'azote liquide sous pression (13).
- Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'ébauche (5) est immergée dans un bain (12) d'azote liquide.
- Procédé selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la déformation en expansion de l'ébauche est guidée (4,3).
- Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que l'ébauche (5) est suspendue à un point haut fixe (6) et a son extrémité inférieure solidaire d'un châssis mobile (4) guidé à coulissement.
- Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on sollicite en outre (15) le châssis mobile (14) parallèlement à l'axe de l'ébauche (5) pendant la pressurisation de cette dernière.
- Enveloppe obtenue par un procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
- Enveloppe selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est réalisée en acier inoxydable austénitique.
- Enveloppe selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est réalisée en acier inoxydable de la série AISI 300.
- Enveloppe selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est entourée d'un bobinage d'au moins une fibre choisie dans le groupe comprenant le Kevlar, la fibre de verre ou le carbone.
- Utilisation d'une enveloppe selon les revendications 8 à 11 comme réservoir de gaz embarqué.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9902235A FR2789915B1 (fr) | 1999-02-23 | 1999-02-23 | Procede de formage d'enveloppe, enveloppe ainsi obtenue, et utilisation de telles enveloppes |
| FR9902235 | 1999-02-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1033188A1 true EP1033188A1 (fr) | 2000-09-06 |
Family
ID=9542418
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00400185A Withdrawn EP1033188A1 (fr) | 1999-02-23 | 2000-01-24 | Procédé de formage d'enveloppe, enveloppe ainsi obtenue, et utilisation de telles enveloppes |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1033188A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2789915B1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020103217A1 (fr) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | Procédé de mise en forme par pression en milieu ultra basse température de tuyau de forme spéciale en alliage d'aluminium |
| CN112916642A (zh) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-08 | 大连理工大学 | 一种超低温介质压力精确控制装置及控制方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1187964A (fr) * | 1956-11-14 | 1959-09-17 | Thompson J Wolverhampton Ltd | Perfectionnements à un procédé et un dispositif destinés à former, à partir d'une feuille de métal, une pièce en forme de dôme |
| US3805567A (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1974-04-23 | Raychem Corp | Method for cryogenic mandrel expansion |
| FR2228551A1 (en) * | 1973-05-08 | 1974-12-06 | Eta Sa | Method of forming hollow sheet metal sphere - metal cylinder deformed by internal water pressure within spherical mould |
| WO1986003436A1 (fr) * | 1984-12-13 | 1986-06-19 | Dynatrans Technology Ltd. | Procede de fabrication de parois terminales de reservoirs a paroi mince a courbure bi-dimensionnelle |
-
1999
- 1999-02-23 FR FR9902235A patent/FR2789915B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-01-24 EP EP00400185A patent/EP1033188A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1187964A (fr) * | 1956-11-14 | 1959-09-17 | Thompson J Wolverhampton Ltd | Perfectionnements à un procédé et un dispositif destinés à former, à partir d'une feuille de métal, une pièce en forme de dôme |
| US3805567A (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1974-04-23 | Raychem Corp | Method for cryogenic mandrel expansion |
| FR2228551A1 (en) * | 1973-05-08 | 1974-12-06 | Eta Sa | Method of forming hollow sheet metal sphere - metal cylinder deformed by internal water pressure within spherical mould |
| WO1986003436A1 (fr) * | 1984-12-13 | 1986-06-19 | Dynatrans Technology Ltd. | Procede de fabrication de parois terminales de reservoirs a paroi mince a courbure bi-dimensionnelle |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020103217A1 (fr) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | Procédé de mise en forme par pression en milieu ultra basse température de tuyau de forme spéciale en alliage d'aluminium |
| US10960452B2 (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2021-03-30 | Dalian University Of Technology | Method for pressure forming of aluminum alloy special-shaped tubular component by using ultra low temperature medium |
| CN112916642A (zh) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-08 | 大连理工大学 | 一种超低温介质压力精确控制装置及控制方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2789915B1 (fr) | 2001-04-13 |
| FR2789915A1 (fr) | 2000-08-25 |
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