EP1032072A1 - Interdigital coupler - Google Patents

Interdigital coupler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1032072A1
EP1032072A1 EP00103224A EP00103224A EP1032072A1 EP 1032072 A1 EP1032072 A1 EP 1032072A1 EP 00103224 A EP00103224 A EP 00103224A EP 00103224 A EP00103224 A EP 00103224A EP 1032072 A1 EP1032072 A1 EP 1032072A1
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Prior art keywords
line
lines
gate
gates
interdigital
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EP00103224A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1032072B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Kern
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Telent GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
    • H01P5/185—Edge coupled lines
    • H01P5/186—Lange couplers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Interdigital coupler, its four gates over several in parallel adjacent lines are coupled, wherein two not directly adjacent lines each conductive air bridges are contacted so that over these interdigitally arranged lines between A galvanic connection is created for every two gates.
  • Such an interdigital coupler which is often referred to in the literature as Lange coupler "is known from the textbook by RK Hoffmann: Integrated microwave circuits, Springer-Verlag 1983, page 260-262.
  • This after the Long principle "implemented interdigital coupler has the advantages that it is very broadband and also has very small spatial dimensions. Since the entire line structure is carried out in planar line technology, this interdigital coupler can preferably be used in integrated microwave circuits. Because, as said in the introduction, the Gates are only galvanically connected to one another in pairs, i.e. there is no direct current connection between all the gates, it cannot be used to transmit a direct current supply to an active microwave circuit connected to the coupler, for example a PIN diode attenuator.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an interdigital coupler of the type mentioned, which has both the coupling properties of a Lange-Kopplers "has also been able to transmit a direct current to connected active microwave circuits without restriction.
  • the five lines L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 are as follows as in a known one Lange couplers "coupled together and connected to the individual gates T1, T2, T3, T4:
  • the line L1 is connected to the gate T1 and extends with its open end in the vicinity of the gate T4.
  • the two lines L2 and L3 are connected to the gate T2.
  • Line L2 is also connected to gate T4, whereas line L3 has an open end.
  • the line L4 extends from the gate T3 and extends between the two lines L2 and L3 to the gate T2 without being in contact with it.
  • Line L5, like line L2, is connected to gate T4 and is open at its end opposite gate T4. While the lines L1, L2 and L4 have a length of ⁇ / 4 ( ⁇ is the operating wavelength of the coupler), the two outer lines L3 and L5 have only a length of 1/2 * ⁇ / 4.
  • the free ones are Ends of the lines with conductive air bridges contacted a line that is not directly adjacent. So exists between the open end of line L3 and the Line L1 is a conductive airlift LB1 between which open end of line L3 and line L2 a conductive Airlift LB2, between the open end of line L1 and the line L4 a conductive air bridge LB3 and between the open end of line L5 and line L1 a conductive Airlift LB4.
  • the air bridges LB1, LB2, LB3, LB4 exist DC connection between gate T1 and gate T3 and also between gate T2 and gate T4. A DC transmission between gate T1 and gate T2 is not possible.
  • gate T1 to gate T2 and T3 connected microwave circuit e.g. a PIN diode attenuator
  • a direct current without a dedicated supply line being provided the following measure is taken.
  • the coupling line KL is preferably half Length 1/2 * ⁇ / 4 to their starting point from gate 4 folded back. This creates the airlift LB5 shortest connection between the open end of the Coupling line KL and the open end of line L1.
  • this coupling line KL is now created from gate T1 to gate T2 a direct current connection via line L1, the conductive Airlift LB5, the coupling line KL, the gate T4 and the Line L2.
  • the distances between the individual lines L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 of 29 ⁇ m are sufficient.
  • the interdigital coupler according to the invention there are higher distance tolerances of + -5 ⁇ m instead of + -3 ⁇ m in the conventional one Lange coupler ".
  • the described coupler can be like the Lange couplers "can be used in the frequency range from 16 to 32 GHz.

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  • Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)
  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
  • Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)
  • Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The interdigital coupler has 4 gates (T1,T2,T3,T4) which are coupled via several parallel lines (L1,L2,L3,L4,L5), with a conductive air bridge (LB1,LB2,LB3,LB4) between each 2 lines which are not directly adjacent, for providing a galvanic connection between each 2 gates. An additional coupling line (KL) extends next to at least one of the outside lines (L3,L5), for connection to the same gate as the latter at one end and connection via a conductive air bridge with the next line but one at the other end.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Interdigitalkoppler, dessen vier Tore über mehrere parallel nebeneinander verlaufende Leitungen gekoppelt sind, wobei jeweils zwei nicht direkt benachbarte Leitungen über leitende Luftbrücken miteinander kontaktiert sind, so daß über diese interdigital angeordneten Leitungen zwischen jeweils zwei Toren eine galvanische Verbindung entsteht.The present invention relates to a Interdigital coupler, its four gates over several in parallel adjacent lines are coupled, wherein two not directly adjacent lines each conductive air bridges are contacted so that over these interdigitally arranged lines between A galvanic connection is created for every two gates.

Ein derartiger Interdigitalkoppler, der in der Literatur auch oft als

Figure 00010001
Lange-Koppler" bezeichnet wird, ist aus dem Lehrbuch von R. K. Hoffmann: Integrierte Mikrowellenschaltungen, Springer-Verlag 1983, Seite 260-262 bekannt. Dieser nach dem Lange-Prinzip" realisierte Interdigitalkoppler hat die Vorteile, daß er sehr breitbandig ist und außerdem sehr geringe räumliche Abmessungen aufweist. Da die gesamte Leitungsstruktur in planarer Leitungstechnik ausgeführt ist, läßt sich dieser Interdigitalkoppler vorzugsweise in integrierten Mikrowellenschaltungen einsetzen. Da, wie einleitend gesagt, die Tore nur paarweise galvanisch miteinander verbunden sind, eine Gleichstromverbindung also nicht zwischen allen Toren untereinander besteht, kann er nicht zur Übertragung eines Versorgungsgleichstromes zu einer an den Koppler angeschlossenen aktiven Mikrowellenschaltung, z.B. PIN-Dioden-Dämpfungsglied, verwendet werden.Such an interdigital coupler, which is often referred to in the literature as
Figure 00010001
Lange coupler "is known from the textbook by RK Hoffmann: Integrated microwave circuits, Springer-Verlag 1983, page 260-262. This after the Long principle "implemented interdigital coupler has the advantages that it is very broadband and also has very small spatial dimensions. Since the entire line structure is carried out in planar line technology, this interdigital coupler can preferably be used in integrated microwave circuits. Because, as said in the introduction, the Gates are only galvanically connected to one another in pairs, i.e. there is no direct current connection between all the gates, it cannot be used to transmit a direct current supply to an active microwave circuit connected to the coupler, for example a PIN diode attenuator.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Interdigitalkoppler der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, der sowohl die Koppeleigenschaften eines Lange-Kopplers" hat als auch in der Lage ist, einen Gleichstrom an angeschlossene aktive Mikrowellenschaltungen uneingeschränkt zu übertragen.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an interdigital coupler of the type mentioned, which has both the coupling properties of a Lange-Kopplers "has also been able to transmit a direct current to connected active microwave circuits without restriction.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die genannte Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens neben einer der beiden äußeren Leitungen der die vier Tore des Kopplers verkoppelnden interdigitalen Leitungsstruktur eine zusätzliche Koppelleitung angeordnet ist, deren eines Ende mit demselben Tor verbunden ist wie die benachbarte äußere Leitung und deren anderes Ende über eine leitende Luftbrücke mit der nächsten nicht direkt benachbarten Leitung kontaktiert ist. Die zusätzliche Koppelleitung hat nicht nur den Effekt, daß alle Tore galvanisch miteinander verbunden sind und daher ein Gleichstrom zur Stromversorgung einer angeschlossenen Mikrowellenschaltung übertragen werden kann, sondern daß auch die ansonsten sehr kleinen Abstände zwischen den benachbarten Leitungen unter Einhaltung geringerer Toleranzen größer gewählt werden können, ohne dabei die Koppeleigenschaften des Interdigitalkopplers gegenüber dem herkömmlichen Lange-Koppler" zu verschlechtern. The above object is achieved with the features of claim 1 in that at least one of the two outer lines of the interdigital line structure coupling the four gates of the coupler is arranged with an additional coupling line, one end of which is connected to the same gate as the adjacent outer line and the other end of which is contacted via a conductive air bridge with the next line which is not directly adjacent. The additional coupling line not only has the effect that all gates are galvanically connected to one another and therefore a direct current can be transmitted to supply power to a connected microwave circuit, but also that the otherwise very small distances between the neighboring lines can be chosen larger while maintaining smaller tolerances, without the coupling properties of the interdigital coupler compared to the conventional one Long couplers "deteriorate.

Gemäß einem Unteranspruch ist es zweckmäßig, die Koppelleitung auf die halbe Länge der interdigital angeordneten Leitungen zu falten.According to a subclaim, it is expedient that Coupling line to half the length of the interdigital arranged lines to fold.

Beschreibung eines AusführungsbeispielsDescription of an embodiment

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is now based on one in the drawing illustrated embodiment explained in more detail.

In der einzigen Figur der Zeichnung ist ein in planarer Leitungstechnik realisierter Interdigitalkoppler dargestellt. Es handelt sich dabei um einen 3-dB-Koppler mit vier Toren T1, T2, T3 und T4. Die vier Tore T1, T2, T3, T4 sind über fünf parallel nebeneinander verlaufende Leitungen L1, L2, L3, L4 und L5 so gekoppelt, daß eine z.B. am Tor T1 eingespeiste Leistung zu gleichen Teilen auf die beiden Tore T2 und T4 aufgeteilt wird, das Tor T4 dabei aber entkoppelt bleibt. Geringe parasitäre in das Tor T4 trotzdem eingekoppelte Leistungsanteile werden in dem an Tor T4 angeschlossenen Abschluß mit einem Widerstand R von 50 Ohm absorbiert.In the only figure of the drawing is one in planar Line technology implemented interdigital coupler shown. It is a 3 dB coupler with four gates T1, T2, T3 and T4. The four gates T1, T2, T3, T4 are over five parallel lines L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5 coupled so that e.g. at gate T1 power fed equally to the two goals T2 and T4 is divided, but the gate T4 is decoupled remains. Slight parasitic in the T4 gate anyway Coupled power components are in the gate T4 connected termination with a resistance R of 50 ohms absorbed.

Die fünf Leitungen L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 sind folgendermaßen wie bei einem bekannten Lange-Koppler" miteinander verkoppelt und mit den einzelnen Toren T1, T2, T3, T4 verbunden:
Die Leitung L1 ist mit dem Tor T1 verbunden und erstreckt sich mit ihrem offenen Ende bis in die Nähe des Tores T4. Mit dem Tor T2 sind die beiden Leitungen L2 und L3 verbunden. Die Leitung L2 ist ebenfalls mit dem Tor T4 verbunden, wogegen die Leitung L3 ein offenes Ende aufweist. Vom Tor T3 geht die Leitung L4 aus und erstreckt sich zwischen den beiden Leitungen L2 und L3 bis zum Tor T2, ohne mit diesem kontaktiert zu sein. Die Leitung L5 ist wie die Leitung L2 mit dem Tor T4 verbunden und ist an seinem dem Tor T4 gegenüberliegenden Ende offen. Während die Leitungen L1, L2 und L4 eine Länge von λ/4 (λ ist die Betriebswellenlänge des Kopplers) haben, weisen die beiden äußeren Leitungen L3 und L5 nur eine Länge von 1/2 * λ/4 auf.The five lines L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 are as follows as in a known one Lange couplers "coupled together and connected to the individual gates T1, T2, T3, T4:
The line L1 is connected to the gate T1 and extends with its open end in the vicinity of the gate T4. The two lines L2 and L3 are connected to the gate T2. Line L2 is also connected to gate T4, whereas line L3 has an open end. The line L4 extends from the gate T3 and extends between the two lines L2 and L3 to the gate T2 without being in contact with it. Line L5, like line L2, is connected to gate T4 and is open at its end opposite gate T4. While the lines L1, L2 and L4 have a length of λ / 4 (λ is the operating wavelength of the coupler), the two outer lines L3 and L5 have only a length of 1/2 * λ / 4.

Um die gewünschte 3-dB-Kopplung zu erzielen, sind die freien Enden der Leitungen jeweils über leitende Luftbrücken mit einer nicht direkt benachbarten Leitung kontaktiert. So besteht zwischen dem offenen Ende der Leitung L3 und der Leitung L1 eine leitende Luftbrücke LB1, zwischen dem offenen Ende der Leitung L3 und der Leitung L2 eine leitende Luftbrücke LB2, zwischen dem offenen Ende der Leitung L1 und der Leitung L4 eine leitende Luftbrücke LB3 und zwischen dem offenen Ende der Leitung L5 und der Leitung L1 eine leitende Luftbrücke LB4. Mit der beschriebenen Leitungsstruktur und den Verbindungen zwischen den Leitungen L1, L2, L3, L4 über die Luftbrücken LB1, LB2, LB3, LB4 besteht eine Gleichstromverbindung zwischen dem Tor T1 und dem Tor T3 und auch zwischen dem Tor T2 und dem Tor T4. Eine Gleichstromübertragung zwischen dem Tor T1 und dem Tor T2 ist aber nicht möglich.In order to achieve the desired 3 dB coupling, the free ones are Ends of the lines with conductive air bridges contacted a line that is not directly adjacent. So exists between the open end of line L3 and the Line L1 is a conductive airlift LB1 between which open end of line L3 and line L2 a conductive Airlift LB2, between the open end of line L1 and the line L4 a conductive air bridge LB3 and between the open end of line L5 and line L1 a conductive Airlift LB4. With the described management structure and the connections between lines L1, L2, L3, L4 the air bridges LB1, LB2, LB3, LB4 exist DC connection between gate T1 and gate T3 and also between gate T2 and gate T4. A DC transmission between gate T1 and gate T2 is not possible.

Damit vom Tor T1 aus eine an die Tore T2 und T3 angeschlossene Mikrowellenschaltung, z.B. ein PIN-Dioden-Dämpfungsglied, mit einem Gleichstrom versorgt werden kann, ohne daß eine eigene Versorgungsleitung vorgesehen werden muß, wird folgende Maßnahme ergriffen. Es wird neben der äußeren Leitung L5 eine zusätzliche Koppelleitung KL angeordnet, die mit einem Ende mit demselben Tor T4 verbunden ist wie die benachbarte äußere Leitung L5 und deren anderes Ende über eine leitende Luftbrücke LB5 mit der nächsten nicht direkt benachbarten Leitung L1 kontaktiert ist. Die Koppelleitung KL ist vorzugsweise auf die halbe Länge 1/2 * λ/4 zu ihrem Ausgangspunkt vom Tor 4 zurückgefaltet. Somit entsteht für die Luftbrücke LB5 die kürzeste Verbindung zwischen dem offenen Ende der Koppelleitung KL und dem offenen Ende der Leitung L1. Mit dieser Koppelleitung KL entsteht nun vom Tor T1 zum Tor T2 eine Gleichstromverbindung über die Leitung L1, die leitende Luftbrücke LB5, die Koppelleitung KL, das Tor T4 und die Leitung L2.So from gate T1 to gate T2 and T3 connected microwave circuit, e.g. a PIN diode attenuator, can be supplied with a direct current, without a dedicated supply line being provided the following measure is taken. It will be next to the outer line L5 an additional coupling line KL arranged with one end with the same gate T4 is connected like the adjacent outer line L5 and the other end via a conductive air bridge LB5 with the contacted the next not directly adjacent line L1 is. The coupling line KL is preferably half Length 1/2 * λ / 4 to their starting point from gate 4 folded back. This creates the airlift LB5 shortest connection between the open end of the Coupling line KL and the open end of line L1. With this coupling line KL is now created from gate T1 to gate T2 a direct current connection via line L1, the conductive Airlift LB5, the coupling line KL, the gate T4 and the Line L2.

Um eine Symmetrie der Leitungsstruktur aufrecht zu erhalten, kann neben der anderen äußeren Leitung L3 eine ebensolche vorangehend beschriebene Koppelleitung vorgesehen werden, deren offenes Ende dann über eine leitende Luftbrücke mit der Leitung L4 zu verbinden wäre.In order to maintain symmetry in the line structure, can in addition to the other outer line L3 coupling line described above are provided, the open end with a conductive airlift the line L4 would be connected.

Aufgrund der zusätzlichen Koppelleitung KL reichen Abstände zwischen den einzelnen Leitungen L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 von 29µm aus. Im Vergleich dazu sind bei einem üblichen Lange-Koppler" Leitungsabstände von 22µm einzuhalten. Die größeren Leitungsabstände vereinfachen den Herstellungsprozeß. Im übrigen sind bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Interdigitalkoppler höhere Abstandstoleranzen von +-5µm anstelle von +-3µm beim herkömmlichen Lange-Koppler" einzuhalten. Der beschriebene Koppler kann wie der Lange-Koppler" im Frequenzbereich von 16 bis 32 GHz eingesetzt werden.Due to the additional coupling line KL, the distances between the individual lines L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 of 29 µm are sufficient. Compared to a usual one Long couplers "to maintain line gaps of 22 µm. The larger line gaps simplify the manufacturing process. Moreover, with the interdigital coupler according to the invention there are higher distance tolerances of + -5 µm instead of + -3 µm in the conventional one Lange coupler ". The described coupler can be like the Lange couplers "can be used in the frequency range from 16 to 32 GHz.

Claims (2)

Interdigitalkoppler, dessen vier Tore über mehrere parallel nebeneinander verlaufende Leitungen (L1, L2, L3, L4) gekoppelt sind, wobei jeweils zwei nicht direkt benachbarte Leitungen über leitende Luftbrücken (LB1, LB2, LB3, LB4) miteinander kontaktiert sind, so daß über diese interdigital angeordneten Leitungen (L1, L2, L3, L4) zwischen jeweils zwei Toren (T1, T2, T3, T4) eine galvanische Verbindung entsteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens neben einer der beiden äußeren Leitungen (L3, L5) eine zusätzliche Koppelleitung (KL) angeordnet ist, deren eines Ende mit demselben Tor (T4) verbunden ist wie die benachbarte äußere Leitung (L5) und deren anderes Ende über eine leitende Luftbrücke (LB5) mit der nächsten nicht direkt benachbarten Leitung (L1) kontaktiert ist.Interdigital coupler, its four gates over several Lines running parallel next to each other (L1, L2, L3, L4) are coupled, two each not directly neighboring lines via conductive air bridges (LB1, LB2, LB3, LB4) are contacted with each other, so that this Interdigital lines (L1, L2, L3, L4) between two gates (T1, T2, T3, T4) one Galvanic connection is formed, characterized in that at least next to one of the two outer lines (L3, L5) an additional coupling line (KL) is arranged, the one end is connected to the same gate (T4) as the neighboring outer line (L5) and its other end over one conductive airlift (LB5) with the next not directly adjacent line (L1) is contacted. Interdigitalkoppler nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Koppelleitung (KL) auf die halbe Länge der interdigital angeordneten Leitungen gefaltet ist und daß das offene Ende der gefalteten Koppelleitung (KL) über eine leitende Luftbrücke (LB5) mit dem offenen Ende der nächsten nicht direkt benachbarten Leitung (L1) kontaktiert ist.Interdigital coupler according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the coupling line (KL) to half Length of the interdigitally arranged lines is folded and that the open end of the folded coupling line (KL) via a conductive airlift (LB5) to the open end of the contacted the next not directly adjacent line (L1) is.
EP00103224A 1999-02-23 2000-02-17 Interdigital coupler Expired - Lifetime EP1032072B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19907622A DE19907622C2 (en) 1999-02-23 1999-02-23 interdigital
DE19907622 1999-02-23

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EP1032072A1 true EP1032072A1 (en) 2000-08-30
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101453045B (en) * 2007-12-06 2013-03-06 北京中科新微特科技开发有限公司 Lange coupler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10335912A (en) * 1997-06-05 1998-12-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Lange coupler

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
D. FITZGERALD: "DESIGNING WITH THE DOUBLE LANGE COUPLER", RF DESIGN., vol. 11, no. 10, October 1988 (1988-10-01), CARDIFF PUBLISHING CO, ENGLEWOOD,CO., US, pages 46 - 48, XP002137418, ISSN: 0163-321X *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101453045B (en) * 2007-12-06 2013-03-06 北京中科新微特科技开发有限公司 Lange coupler

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DE50007717D1 (en) 2004-10-21
DE19907622A1 (en) 2000-09-14
EP1032072B1 (en) 2004-09-15
BR0000906A (en) 2000-12-05
ATE276590T1 (en) 2004-10-15
DE19907622C2 (en) 2002-11-28

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