EP1030158A1 - Electric pyrotechnic igniter with integrated electronics - Google Patents

Electric pyrotechnic igniter with integrated electronics Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1030158A1
EP1030158A1 EP00400194A EP00400194A EP1030158A1 EP 1030158 A1 EP1030158 A1 EP 1030158A1 EP 00400194 A EP00400194 A EP 00400194A EP 00400194 A EP00400194 A EP 00400194A EP 1030158 A1 EP1030158 A1 EP 1030158A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pyrotechnic
electro
igniter according
pyrotechnic igniter
electronic card
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Granted
Application number
EP00400194A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1030158B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-René Duguet
Jean-Pierre Vedel
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Livbag SAS
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Livbag SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
    • F42B3/121—Initiators with incorporated integrated circuit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of automotive safety and relates more particularly to a electro-pyrotechnic igniter.
  • electro-pyrotechnic igniters have, on the one hand, pins metallic connected to an electric current source and between which a core of ferrite, and on the other hand, a resistive heating element which is attached to said metal pins and which is covered with a pyrotechnic priming composition.
  • the resistive element heater can consist of a resistive strip heater integrated in a printed sub-circuit.
  • the skilled person is therefore always looking electro-pyrotechnic igniters capable of being integrated in a cable network connected to a central processing unit control and with similar external dimensions to that of traditional lighters.
  • the means of dialogue and trigger will be a specific integrated circuit and the coded information which circulates between the central unit control and said means of dialogue and trigger will consist of pulse trains specific electrical.
  • the coded information will include both information constituting the trigger orders for different igniters and information allowing the central control unit to ensure the reliability of electronic components contained in each igniter.
  • the means of dialogue and trigger is placed on one of the two sides planes of the electronic card and storage medium of electrical energy is placed on the other flat face.
  • the dividing transverse wall is carried out using a metal part bearing several perforations, each of these perforations having a glass side wall.
  • the metal part carries two perforations and the electrical connection means are constituted by two metal connection pins, each being inserted into one of the two perforations carried by the metal part and having a first end attached to the resistive element heating and a second end welded to the tracks conductive.
  • This dividing transverse wall therefore ensures sealing between the chamber upstream and downstream chamber before and after operation from the igniter but also to electrically isolate the metal connection pins to each other.
  • the electronic card is arranged perpendicular to the transverse wall separator.
  • the resistive heating element consists of a thin layer resistive bridge resting on the metal part, said resistive bridge in thin layer consisting of tantalum nitride whose thickness is between 0.01 ⁇ m and 1 ⁇ m.
  • the resistive bridge could also consist for example in a layer of a nickel / chromium alloy.
  • the pyrotechnic composition priming is a lacquer based on trinitrorésorcinate of lead which covers the resistive bridge. Said initiating pyrotechnic composition can also consist for example of salts of dinitrobenzofuroxane.
  • the external electrodes are formed by external metallic pins which are arranged in line with the map which are parallel to this card.
  • the storage means of electrical energy consists of a capacitor.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such electro-pyrotechnic igniters in gas generators for air bag modules connected in a motor vehicle via a bus-type cable network to a central control unit.
  • Figure 1 is a partial sectional view longitudinal of an electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to the preferred embodiment of the invention with omission of electronic components and part of the coating.
  • Figure 2 is a cutaway perspective view of the igniter partially shown in Figure 1 with omission of the coating.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of a wired network of bus type in which four air-bag modules are integrated each containing an electro-pyrotechnic igniter shown in Figures 1 and 2
  • an electro-pyrotechnic igniter 1 consists of a cap 2 which is provided a side wall 6 ending, on the one hand, with a bottom 4, and on the other hand, by a free end 33, and in which a liner 3 is first inserted cylindrical.
  • the latter has a first end resting against the bottom 4 of the cap 2 and a wall lateral 5 whose external surface is in contact with a part of the internal surface of the side wall 6 of the cap 2.
  • a pyrotechnic ignition composition 7 in the form of a powdery substance is then inserted in the cap 2.
  • a set, described below, is finally slipped into said cap 2.
  • This set is made from a glass passage which comprises, on the one hand, a piece discoid metal B with an upstream face and a downstream face to which a resistive element is attached heating 11, and on the other hand, two connection pins 13, 14 metallic.
  • the piece metallic discoid B has two perforations each comprising a side wall 9, 10 made of glass, the two metallic connection pins 13, 14 are each introduced into one of the two perforations and said pins 13, 14 each have a first end fixed by welding to the resistive element heating 11.
  • the latter is advantageously carried out at using a thin-film resistive bridge consisting of tantalum nitride, the thickness of which is approximately 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • a printed circuit support in the form a rectangular electronic card 17 having a upper flat face 26 and a lower flat face 27 on which are arranged conductive tracks 18, 19, is attached to connection pins 13, 14. More specifically, the second end 24, 25 of each of two connection pins 13, 14 is fixed by welding to the conductive tracks 18, 19 on the flat face upper 26 so that edge 28 of the rectangular electronic card 17 either in contact with the upstream face of the discoid metal part 8.
  • a electrical energy storage means 20 consisting of a capacitor as well as protection means 21, 22 against electrostatic discharge and against electromagnetic disturbances are connected to conductive tracks 18, 19 on the upper flat face 26 and a means of dialogue and triggering of a specific electrical pulse train is connected to the conductive tracks 18, 19 on the flat face lower 27.
  • the electronic card 17 rectangular is further extended by three external metal pins 29 to 31 each having one end fixed by welding on the tracks conductive 18, 19, said external pins 29, 30 being fixed on the upper flat face 26 and intended to be integrated into a cable network of the type bus attached to a central control unit and the external pin 31 being fixed on the flat face lower 27 and ensuring grounding.
  • a 12-pyrotechnic initiation composition the form of a lacquer based on trinitrorésorcinate lead is deposited on the resistive heating element 11 and the assembly as described above is introduced in the cap 2, the discoid metal part 8 being placed on the second end of the liner 3 cylindrical.
  • a plastic part 32 is inserted into the cap 2 and the free end 33 of the latter is set on part 32.
  • a thermosetting polymer coating is then injected through a hole presented by the part 32 so as to fill the interior of the Exhibit 32.
  • An electro-pyrotechnic igniter 1 as described previously presents an operating diagram next.
  • the means of storage 20 of electrical energy constituted here by a capacitor, is regularly supplied with current low intensity emitted by the central unit of control and transmitted to said capacitor via external pins 29 and 30.
  • the unit control center issues a trip order under the flour of a train of electric pulses specific which can only be detected by means of dialogue and trigger included in the igniter 1.
  • This means of dialogue and triggering then makes it possible to apply the capacitor which is therefore caused to free, in the two connection pins 13, 14 and therefore in the resistive heating element 11, the quantity of electrical energy that was stored.
  • Said element resistive heater 11 then causes, by Joule effect, initiation of the pyrotechnic initiation composition 12, and consequently, the initiation into combustion of the ignition pyrotechnic composition 7, which has effect of fracturing the bottom 4 of the cap 2.
  • an advantage important is that when activating of igniter 1, the various electronic components are not damaged by the resulting pressure wave the initiation of the pyrotechnic composition boot 12, and the means of dialogue and trigger is then still able to exchange information with the central control unit in the following milliseconds, especially to signify it for example that the triggering of igniter 1 has been correctly executed.
  • FIG. 3 we observe a diagram showing an example of a wired bus network in which a central control unit is integrated 110 as well as four air bag modules 111a, 111b, 111c and 111d, the two airbag modules 111b and 111c being able to example each contain a gas generator intended for inflate a frontal protection cushion, and both other airbag modules 111a and 111d which can for example each contain a gas generator intended to inflate a side protection cushion.
  • the gas generator included in each of these different modules contain an electro-pyrotechnic igniter as previously described which presents so three external pins 114 to 116 metallic, the two external pins 114 and 115 being intended to be connected to a first supply conductor electric 112 attached to the central control unit 110 and the external pin 116 being intended to be connected to a second electrical conductor 113 attached also to the central control unit 110 and serving grounding.
  • the central control unit 110 delivers periodically a low intensity electric current in the first power supply conductor 112, and this electric current is transmitted by means of electrical energy storage of the igniter included in each of the four air-bag modules 111a, 111b, 111c and 111d via external pins 114 and 115.
  • the central control unit 110 delivers in the first power supply conductor 112 a train of specific electrical pulses constituting a trigger order for the module igniter airbag 111c.
  • This train of electrical pulses is transmitted to each igniter by through external pins 114 and 115 but only the means of dialogue and trigger included in the igniter of the air bag module 111c is able to detect and analyze it.
  • the means of energy storage electric associated with dialogue and trigger included in the air bag module igniter 111c is then requested and it causes the initiation of the pyrotechnic initiation composition as described previously.
  • the unit command center 110 then delivers in the first power supply conductor 112 trains specific electrical impulses intended for the igniter included in each of the 111a air-bag modules and 111b.
  • the operation of each of the two igniters is then analogous to that analyzed above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The igniter consists of a housing containing a heating resistance connected to an electronic board, and pyrotechnic priming and ignition compounds. The igniter has a transverse partition (8) dividing the interior of the housing into a forward chamber containing the heating resistance and the priming and ignition compounds, and an after chamber containing the electronic board, with electrical connectors in the form of metal pins (13, 14) passing through the partition to connect the board's conducting tracks to the heating element.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de la sécurité automobile et concerne plus particulièrement un allumeur électro-pyrotechnique.The present invention relates to the field of automotive safety and relates more particularly to a electro-pyrotechnic igniter.

Depuis une trentaine d'années, de nombreux allumeurs électro-pyrotechniques sont apparus et sont largement utilisés pour constituer, soit les dispositifs d'allumage des générateurs de gaz destinés à gonfler des coussins de protection pour occupants d'un véhicule automobile, soit les micro-générateurs de gaz inclus dans les prétensionneurs de ceinture de sécurité.For the past thirty years, many electro-pyrotechnic igniters appeared and are widely used to constitute either the devices ignition of gas generators intended to inflate protective cushions for vehicle occupants automotive, including gas micro-generators in the seat belt pretensioners.

Traditionnellement, les allumeurs électro-pyrotechniques comportent, d'une part, des broches métalliques reliées à une source de courant électrique et entre lesquelles est généralement disposé un noyau de ferrite, et d'autre part, un élément résistif chauffant qui est rattaché auxdites broches métalliques et qui est recouvert par une composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage. Comme décrit dans la demande de brevet FR 2 704 944 ou dans son correspondant US 5,544,585, l'élément résistif chauffant peut être constitué par une bande résistive chauffante intégrée dans un sous-circuit imprimé.Traditionally, electro-pyrotechnic igniters have, on the one hand, pins metallic connected to an electric current source and between which a core of ferrite, and on the other hand, a resistive heating element which is attached to said metal pins and which is covered with a pyrotechnic priming composition. As described in patent application FR 2 704 944 or in its correspondent US 5,544,585, the resistive element heater can consist of a resistive strip heater integrated in a printed sub-circuit.

Il a également été proposé, dans la demande de brevet FR 2 760 525, un allumeur électro-pyrotechnique de forme allongée et de faible diamètre permettant de supprimer les broches métalliques ainsi que les noyaux de ferrite en intégrant leurs fonctions dans un circuit imprimé complet. Toutefois, de par sa configuration géométrique particulière, cet allumeur ne peut pas être utilisé en lieu et place des allumeurs couramment employés dans les générateurs de gaz et dans les prétensionneurs de ceinture de sécurité. It was also proposed, in the request for patent FR 2 760 525, an electro-pyrotechnic igniter elongated and of small diameter allowing remove the metal pins as well as the cores of ferrite by integrating their functions into a circuit full print. However, due to its configuration particular geometry, this igniter cannot be commonly used instead of lighters employed in gas generators and in seat belt pretensioners.

Par ailleurs, la forte augmentation du nombre de 〈〈 modules air-bag 〉〉 incorporés dans un véhicule automobile, un 〈〈 module air-bag 〉〉 étant constitué d'une entité particulière renfermant un générateur de gaz associé à un coussin de protection, entraíne la multiplication du nombre d'allumeurs employés. Pour éviter de procéder à des connexions électriques individuelles entre chaque allumeur et la source de courant électrique, ce qui se traduirait par des coûts d'installation et des encombrements trop élevés, il est alors souhaitable d'incorporer, dans les générateurs de gaz des différents modules air-bag, des allumeurs pouvant être reliés à une unité centrale de commande par un réseau câblé filaire de manière à limiter le nombre de câbles disposés dans le véhicule.
Mais là apparaissent plusieurs problèmes à résoudre consistant dans le fait :

  • qu'un tel allumeur doit posséder un encombrement externe similaire à celui d'un allumeur couramment utilisé de façon à pouvoir se substituer à ce dernier dans les modules air-bag,
  • qu'en cas de collision, l'unité centrale de commande peut ne pas être en mesure de délivrer suffisamment d'énergie électrique pour provoquer l'initiation des différents allumeurs inclus dans les modules air-bag,
  • et qu'en fonction de la nature et de l'intensité de la collision par exemple, il est souhaitable de pouvoir choisir uniquement le déclenchement des modules air-bag permettant d'apporter une protection adaptée.
Furthermore, the sharp increase in the number of air air-bag modules 〉〉 incorporated in a motor vehicle, an 〈〈 air-bag module 〉〉 consisting of a specific entity containing a gas generator associated with a protective cushion , leads to the multiplication of the number of igniters employed. To avoid making individual electrical connections between each igniter and the electric current source, which would result in installation costs and excessively large dimensions, it is then desirable to incorporate, in the gas generators of the different air-bag modules, igniters which can be connected to a central control unit by a wired cable network so as to limit the number of cables laid out in the vehicle.
But there appear several problems to be solved consisting in the fact:
  • that such an igniter must have an external size similar to that of a commonly used igniter so as to be able to replace the latter in air-bag modules,
  • that in the event of a collision, the central control unit may not be able to deliver enough electrical energy to cause the initiation of the various igniters included in the air-bag modules,
  • and that depending on the nature and intensity of the collision, for example, it is desirable to be able to choose only the triggering of the air-bag modules making it possible to provide suitable protection.

L'homme du métier est donc toujours à la recherche d'allumeurs électro-pyrotechniques aptes à être intégrés dans un réseau câblé relié à une unité centrale de commande et présentant un encombrement externe similaire à celui des allumeurs traditionnels.The skilled person is therefore always looking electro-pyrotechnic igniters capable of being integrated in a cable network connected to a central processing unit control and with similar external dimensions to that of traditional lighters.

L'objet de l'invention est justement de proposer un tel allumeur et concerne donc un allumeur électro-pyrotechnique comprenant un corps comportant un élément résistif chauffant, une composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage, une composition pyrotechnique d'allumage, ledit élément résistif chauffant étant électriquement relié à au moins deux électrodes externes rattachées à un support de circuit imprimé réalisé sous la forme d'une carte électronique sur laquelle sont ménagées des pistes conductrices, caractérisé en ce que,

  • i) une paroi transversale séparatrice divise l'intérieur du corps en une chambre aval contenant l'élément résistif chauffant, la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage, ainsi que la composition pyrotechnique d'allumage, et en une chambre amont contenant la carte électronique,
  • ii) des moyens de connexion électrique traversent ladite paroi transversale séparatrice et relient les pistes conductrices de la carte électronique à l'élément résistif chauffant,
  • iii) un moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement d'une information codée ainsi qu'un moyen de stockage d'énergie électrique sont connectés aux pistes conductrices.
    • The object of the invention is precisely to propose such an igniter and therefore relates to an electro-pyrotechnic igniter comprising a body comprising a heating resistive element, a pyrotechnic ignition composition, a pyrotechnic ignition composition, said resistive heating element being electrically connected to at least two external electrodes attached to a printed circuit support produced in the form of an electronic card on which are conductive tracks, characterized in that,
  • i) a separating transverse wall divides the interior of the body into a downstream chamber containing the resistive heating element, the pyrotechnic ignition composition, as well as the ignition pyrotechnic composition, and into an upstream chamber containing the electronic card,
  • ii) electrical connection means pass through said separating transverse wall and connect the conductive tracks of the electronic card to the resistive heating element,
  • iii) a means of dialogue and triggering of coded information as well as a means of storing electrical energy are connected to the conductive tracks.

    • Il en découle alors que :

    • cet allumeur électro-pyrotechnique peut être utilisé pour le même usage qu'un allumeur traditionnel puisque l'emploi d'une carte électronique sur laquelle sont intégrés les différents composants électroniques permet de conférer audit allumeur objet de l'invention un encombrement externe similaire à celui d'un allumeur traditionnel,
    • l'utilisation d'un tel allumeur dans chacun des différents modules air-bag incorporés dans le véhicule et reliés par un réseau câblé de type bus à une unité centrale de commande permet, d'une part, de laisser le choix à l'unité centrale de commande de ne déclencher que le ou les modules air-bag susceptibles d'apporter une protection efficace à l'occupant en fonction du choc, et d'autre part, de ne plus demander à l'unité centrale de commande de délivrer la quantité d'énergie électrique nécessaire pour provoquer l'initiation d'un tel allumeur. Ceci est obtenu grâce à la présence dans chaque allumeur, d'une part, d'un moyen de stockage d'énergie électrique périodiquement alimenté par un courant électrique de faible intensité émis par l'unité centrale de commande, et d'autre part, d'un moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement qui est apte à détecter une information codée provenant de l'unité centrale de commande et à donner l'ordre audit moyen de stockage d'énergie électrique de délivrer la quantité d'énergie électrique jusqu'alors stockée. Celle-ci permet de chauffer l'élément résistif chauffant par effet Joule de manière à initier la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage.
    It follows that:
    • this electro-pyrotechnic igniter can be used for the same use as a traditional igniter since the use of an electronic card on which the various electronic components are integrated makes it possible to give said igniter object of the invention an external bulk similar to that a traditional igniter,
    • the use of such an igniter in each of the different air-bag modules incorporated in the vehicle and connected by a wired bus type network to a central control unit makes it possible, on the one hand, to leave the choice to the unit central control unit to trigger only the air bag module (s) capable of providing effective protection to the occupant as a function of the impact, and on the other hand, to no longer ask the central control unit to deliver the amount of electrical energy necessary to cause the initiation of such an igniter. This is obtained by virtue of the presence in each igniter, on the one hand, of an electrical energy storage means periodically supplied by an electric current of low intensity emitted by the central control unit, and on the other hand, a dialogue and triggering means which is able to detect coded information coming from the central control unit and to give the order to said electric energy storage means to deliver the quantity of electric energy until then stored. This makes it possible to heat the resistive heating element by Joule effect so as to initiate the pyrotechnic initiation composition.

    Préférentiellement, le moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement sera un circuit intégré spécifique et l'information codée qui circule entre l'unité centrale de commande et ledit moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement consistera en des trains d'impulsions électriques spécifiques. Dans la présente demande, l'information codée comprendra à la fois les informations constituant les ordres de déclenchement des différents allumeurs et les informations permettant à l'unité centrale de commande de s'assurer de la fiabilité des composants électroniques contenus dans chaque allumeur.Preferably, the means of dialogue and trigger will be a specific integrated circuit and the coded information which circulates between the central unit control and said means of dialogue and trigger will consist of pulse trains specific electrical. In this application, the coded information will include both information constituting the trigger orders for different igniters and information allowing the central control unit to ensure the reliability of electronic components contained in each igniter.

    Préférentiellement encore, le moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement est placé sur l'une des deux faces planes de la carte électronique et le moyen de stockage d'énergie électrique est placé sur l'autre face plane.Preferably also, the means of dialogue and trigger is placed on one of the two sides planes of the electronic card and storage medium of electrical energy is placed on the other flat face.

    Avantageusement, la paroi transversale séparatrice est réalisée à l'aide d'une pièce métallique portant plusieurs perforations, chacune de ces perforations présentant une paroi latérale en verre. De façon avantageuse, la pièce métallique porte deux perforations et les moyens de connexion électrique sont constitués par deux broches de connexion métalliques, chacune d'elles étant insérée dans l'une des deux perforations portées par la pièce métallique et présentant une première extrémité rattachée à l'élément résistif chauffant et une seconde extrémité soudée sur les pistes conductrices. Cette paroi transversale séparatrice permet donc d'assurer l'étanchéité entre la chambre amont et la chambre aval avant et après fonctionnement de l'allumeur mais aussi d'isoler électriquement les broches de connexion métalliques l'une de l'autre.Advantageously, the dividing transverse wall is carried out using a metal part bearing several perforations, each of these perforations having a glass side wall. In a way advantageous, the metal part carries two perforations and the electrical connection means are constituted by two metal connection pins, each being inserted into one of the two perforations carried by the metal part and having a first end attached to the resistive element heating and a second end welded to the tracks conductive. This dividing transverse wall therefore ensures sealing between the chamber upstream and downstream chamber before and after operation from the igniter but also to electrically isolate the metal connection pins to each other.

    Avantageusement encore, la carte électronique est disposée perpendiculairement à la paroi transversale séparatrice. Pour améliorer la résistance mécanique de la carte électronique et des composants électroniques fixés dessus, il est souhaitable de recouvrir l'ensemble par un surmoulage ou par un enrobage.Advantageously again, the electronic card is arranged perpendicular to the transverse wall separator. To improve the mechanical strength of the electronic card and electronic components fixed on it, it is desirable to cover the whole by overmolding or by coating.

    Préférentiellement, l'élément résistif chauffant est constitué par un pont résistif en couche mince reposant sur la pièce métallique, ledit pont résistif en couche mince étant constitué par du nitrure de tantale dont l'épaisseur est comprise entre 0,01 µm et 1 µm. Le pont résistif pourra également consister par exemple en une couche d'un alliage nickel/chrome. Préférentiellement encore, la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage est une laque à base de trinitrorésorcinate de plomb qui recouvre le pont résistif. Ladite composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage peut également consister par exemple en des sels de dinitrobenzofuroxane.Preferably, the resistive heating element consists of a thin layer resistive bridge resting on the metal part, said resistive bridge in thin layer consisting of tantalum nitride whose thickness is between 0.01 µm and 1 µm. The resistive bridge could also consist for example in a layer of a nickel / chromium alloy. Also preferably, the pyrotechnic composition priming is a lacquer based on trinitrorésorcinate of lead which covers the resistive bridge. Said initiating pyrotechnic composition can also consist for example of salts of dinitrobenzofuroxane.

    Préférentiellement, les électrodes externes sont constituées par des broches externes métalliques qui sont disposées dans le prolongement de la carte électronique et qui sont parallèles à cette carte.Preferably, the external electrodes are formed by external metallic pins which are arranged in line with the map which are parallel to this card.

    Préférentiellement encore, le moyen de stockage d'énergie électrique est constitué par un condensateur.Preferably also, the storage means of electrical energy consists of a capacitor.

    L'invention concerne également l'utilisation de tels allumeurs électro-pyrotechniques dans des générateurs de gaz pour modules air-bag reliés dans un véhicule automobile par un réseau câblé de type bus à une unité centrale de commande.The invention also relates to the use of such electro-pyrotechnic igniters in gas generators for air bag modules connected in a motor vehicle via a bus-type cable network to a central control unit.

    On décrit ci-après aux figures 1 et 2 le mode de réalisation préférée de l'invention et à la figure 3 le schéma d'un exemple de réseau câblé de type bus.Described below in Figures 1 and 2 the mode of preferred embodiment of the invention and in Figure 3 the diagram of an example of a wired bus type network.

    La figure 1 est une vue partielle en coupe longitudinale d'un allumeur électro-pyrotechnique selon le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention avec omission des composants électroniques et d'une partie de l'enrobage. Figure 1 is a partial sectional view longitudinal of an electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to the preferred embodiment of the invention with omission of electronic components and part of the coating.

    La figure 2 est une vue en perspective arrachée de l'allumeur représenté partiellement à la figure 1 avec omission de l'enrobage.Figure 2 is a cutaway perspective view of the igniter partially shown in Figure 1 with omission of the coating.

    La figure 3 est un schéma d'un réseau câblé de type bus dans lequel sont intégrés quatre modules air-bag contenant chacun un allumeur électro-pyrotechnique représenté aux figures 1 et 2Figure 3 is a diagram of a wired network of bus type in which four air-bag modules are integrated each containing an electro-pyrotechnic igniter shown in Figures 1 and 2

    En se reportant aux figures 1 et 2, on observe qu'un allumeur 1 électro-pyrotechnique selon l'invention est constitué à partir d'un capuchon 2 qui est muni d'une paroi latérale 6 se terminant, d'une part, par un fond 4, et d'autre part, par une extrémité libre 33, et dans lequel est tout d'abord inséré un chemisage 3 cylindrique. Ce dernier présente une première extrémité en appui contre le fond 4 du capuchon 2 et une paroi latérale 5 dont la surface externe est au contact d'une partie de la surface interne de la paroi latérale 6 du capuchon 2. Une composition pyrotechnique d'allumage 7 sous la forme d'une substance pulvérulente est ensuite introduite dans le capuchon 2. Un ensemble, décrit ciaprès, est finalement glissé dans ledit capuchon 2.Referring to Figures 1 and 2, we observe an electro-pyrotechnic igniter 1 according to the invention consists of a cap 2 which is provided a side wall 6 ending, on the one hand, with a bottom 4, and on the other hand, by a free end 33, and in which a liner 3 is first inserted cylindrical. The latter has a first end resting against the bottom 4 of the cap 2 and a wall lateral 5 whose external surface is in contact with a part of the internal surface of the side wall 6 of the cap 2. A pyrotechnic ignition composition 7 in the form of a powdery substance is then inserted in the cap 2. A set, described below, is finally slipped into said cap 2.

    Cet ensemble est constitué à partir d'une traversée de verre qui comprend, d'une part, une pièce métallique discoïde B présentant une face amont et une face aval sur laquelle est rapporté un élément résistif chauffant 11, et d'autre part, deux broches de connexion 13, 14 métalliques. Plus précisément, la pièce métallique discoïde B est munie de deux perforations comportant chacune une paroi latérale 9, 10 en verre, les deux broches de connexion 13, 14 métalliques sont chacune introduites dans l'une des deux perforations et lesdites broches 13, 14 présentent chacune une première extrémité fixée par soudure à l'élément résistif chauffant 11. Ce dernier est avantageusement réalisé à l'aide d'un pont résistif en couche mince constitué par du nitrure de tantale dont l'épaisseur est d'environ 0,5µm. Un support de circuit imprimé, sous la forme d'une carte électronique 17 rectangulaire présentant une face plane supérieure 26 et une face plane inférieure 27 sur lesquelles sont ménagées des pistes conductrices 18, 19, est rattaché aux broches de connexion 13, 14. Plus précisément, la seconde extrémité 24, 25 de chacune des deux broches de connexion 13, 14 est fixée par soudure aux pistes conductrices 18, 19 sur la face plane supérieure 26 de manière à ce que la tranche 28 de la carte électronique 17 rectangulaire soit au contact de la face amont de la pièce métallique discoïde 8. Un moyen de stockage 20 d'énergie électrique constitué par un condensateur ainsi que des moyens de protection 21, 22 contre les décharges électrostatiques et contre les perturbations électromagnétiques sont connectés aux pistes conductrices 18, 19 sur la face plane supérieure 26 et un moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement d'un train d'impulsions électriques spécifiques est connecté aux pistes conductrices 18, 19 sur la face plane inférieure 27. Ce moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement est avantageusement réalisé à l'aide d'un circuit intégré spécifique. La carte électronique 17 rectangulaire est par ailleurs prolongée par trois broches externes 29 à 31 métalliques présentant chacune une extrémité fixée par soudure sur les pistes conductrices 18, 19, lesdites broches externes 29, 30 étant fixées sur la face plane supérieure 26 et destinées à être intégrées dans un réseau câblé de type bus rattaché à une unité centrale de commande et la broche externe 31 étant fixée sur la face plane inférieure 27 et assurant la mise à la masse.This set is made from a glass passage which comprises, on the one hand, a piece discoid metal B with an upstream face and a downstream face to which a resistive element is attached heating 11, and on the other hand, two connection pins 13, 14 metallic. Specifically, the piece metallic discoid B has two perforations each comprising a side wall 9, 10 made of glass, the two metallic connection pins 13, 14 are each introduced into one of the two perforations and said pins 13, 14 each have a first end fixed by welding to the resistive element heating 11. The latter is advantageously carried out at using a thin-film resistive bridge consisting of tantalum nitride, the thickness of which is approximately 0.5µm. A printed circuit support, in the form a rectangular electronic card 17 having a upper flat face 26 and a lower flat face 27 on which are arranged conductive tracks 18, 19, is attached to connection pins 13, 14. More specifically, the second end 24, 25 of each of two connection pins 13, 14 is fixed by welding to the conductive tracks 18, 19 on the flat face upper 26 so that edge 28 of the rectangular electronic card 17 either in contact with the upstream face of the discoid metal part 8. A electrical energy storage means 20 consisting of a capacitor as well as protection means 21, 22 against electrostatic discharge and against electromagnetic disturbances are connected to conductive tracks 18, 19 on the upper flat face 26 and a means of dialogue and triggering of a specific electrical pulse train is connected to the conductive tracks 18, 19 on the flat face lower 27. This means of dialogue and triggering is advantageously carried out using a circuit integrated specific. The electronic card 17 rectangular is further extended by three external metal pins 29 to 31 each having one end fixed by welding on the tracks conductive 18, 19, said external pins 29, 30 being fixed on the upper flat face 26 and intended to be integrated into a cable network of the type bus attached to a central control unit and the external pin 31 being fixed on the flat face lower 27 and ensuring grounding.

    Une composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage 12 sous la forme d'une laque à base de trinitrorésorcinate de plomb est déposée sur l'élément résistif chauffant 11 et l'ensemble tel que décrit précédemment est introduit dans le capuchon 2, la pièce métallique discoïde 8 étant placée en appui sur la seconde extrémité du chemisage 3 cylindrique.A 12-pyrotechnic initiation composition the form of a lacquer based on trinitrorésorcinate lead is deposited on the resistive heating element 11 and the assembly as described above is introduced in the cap 2, the discoid metal part 8 being placed on the second end of the liner 3 cylindrical.

    Une pièce 32 en matière plastique est insérée dans le capuchon 2 et l'extrémité libre 33 de ce dernier est sertie sur la pièce 32. Un polymère thermodurcissable d'enrobage est ensuite injecté par un orifice présenté par la pièce 32 de manière à remplir l'intérieur de la pièce 32.A plastic part 32 is inserted into the cap 2 and the free end 33 of the latter is set on part 32. A thermosetting polymer coating is then injected through a hole presented by the part 32 so as to fill the interior of the Exhibit 32.

    Un allumeur 1 électro-pyrotechnique tel que décrit précédemment présente un schéma de fonctionnement suivant.An electro-pyrotechnic igniter 1 as described previously presents an operating diagram next.

    Dans des conditions normales de fonctionnement, c'est à dire lorsque le véhicule automobile dans lequel est incorporé ledit allumeur 1 ne subit aucun accident particulier nécessitant le déploiement d'un coussin de protection afin de protéger l'occupant, le moyen de stockage 20 d'énergie électrique, constitué ici par un condensateur, est régulièrement alimenté par un courant de faible intensité émis par l'unité centrale de commande et transmis audit condensateur par l'intermédiaire des broches externes 29 et 30.Under normal operating conditions, i.e. when the motor vehicle in which is incorporated said igniter 1 does not suffer any accident particular requiring the deployment of a cushion protection to protect the occupant, the means of storage 20 of electrical energy, constituted here by a capacitor, is regularly supplied with current low intensity emitted by the central unit of control and transmitted to said capacitor via external pins 29 and 30.

    Dans le cas où, à la suite d'un choc, l'activation de l'allumeur 1 est souhaitable afin d'initier le générateur de gaz auquel il est associé, l'unité centrale de commande délivre un ordre de déclenchement sous la farine d'un train d'impulsions électriques spécifiques qui ne peut être détecté que par le moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement inclus dans l'allumeur 1. Ce moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement permet alors de solliciter le condensateur qui est de ce fait amené à libérer, dans les deux broches de connexion 13, 14 et donc dans l'élément résistif chauffant 11, la quantité d'énergie électrique qui était stockée. Ledit élément résistif chauffant 11 provoque alors, par effet Joule, l'initiation de la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage 12, et par suite, l'initiation en combustion de la composition pyrotechnique d'allumage 7, ce qui a pour effet de fracturer le fond 4 du capuchon 2.In the event that, following a shock, activation of igniter 1 is desirable in order to initiate the gas generator with which it is associated, the unit control center issues a trip order under the flour of a train of electric pulses specific which can only be detected by means of dialogue and trigger included in the igniter 1. This means of dialogue and triggering then makes it possible to apply the capacitor which is therefore caused to free, in the two connection pins 13, 14 and therefore in the resistive heating element 11, the quantity of electrical energy that was stored. Said element resistive heater 11 then causes, by Joule effect, initiation of the pyrotechnic initiation composition 12, and consequently, the initiation into combustion of the ignition pyrotechnic composition 7, which has effect of fracturing the bottom 4 of the cap 2.

    Par ailleurs, compte-tenu de la résistance mécanique de la pièce métallique discoïde 8, un avantage important réside dans le fait que lors de l'activation de l'allumeur 1, les différents composants électroniques ne sont pas endommagés par l'onde de pression découlant de l'initiation de la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage 12, et le moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement est alors encore apte à échanger des informations avec l'unité centrale de commande dans les millisecondes suivantes, notamment pour lui signifier par exemple que le déclenchement de l'allumeur 1 a été correctement exécuté.Furthermore, given the resistance mechanics of the discoid metal part 8, an advantage important is that when activating of igniter 1, the various electronic components are not damaged by the resulting pressure wave the initiation of the pyrotechnic composition boot 12, and the means of dialogue and trigger is then still able to exchange information with the central control unit in the following milliseconds, especially to signify it for example that the triggering of igniter 1 has been correctly executed.

    En se reportant à la figure 3, on observe un schéma présentant un exemple de réseau câblé de type bus dans lequel sont intégrés une unité centrale de commande 110 ainsi que quatre modules air-bag 111a, 111b, 111c et 111d, les deux modules air-bag 111b et 111c pouvant par exemple contenir chacun un générateur de gaz destiné à gonfler un coussin de protection frontal, et les deux autres modules air-bag 111a et 111d pouvant par exemple contenir chacun un générateur de gaz destiné à gonfler un coussin de protection latéral.Referring to Figure 3, we observe a diagram showing an example of a wired bus network in which a central control unit is integrated 110 as well as four air bag modules 111a, 111b, 111c and 111d, the two airbag modules 111b and 111c being able to example each contain a gas generator intended for inflate a frontal protection cushion, and both other airbag modules 111a and 111d which can for example each contain a gas generator intended to inflate a side protection cushion.

    Le générateur de gaz inclus dans chacun de ces différents modules renferme un allumeur électro-pyrotechnique tel que décrit précédemment qui présente donc trois broches externes 114 à 116 métalliques, les deux broches externes 114 et 115 étant destinées à être connectées à un premier conducteur d'alimentation électrique 112 rattaché à l'unité centrale de commande 110 et la broche externe 116 étant destinée à être connectée à un second conducteur électrique 113 rattaché également à l'unité centrale de commande 110 et servant de mise à la masse.The gas generator included in each of these different modules contain an electro-pyrotechnic igniter as previously described which presents so three external pins 114 to 116 metallic, the two external pins 114 and 115 being intended to be connected to a first supply conductor electric 112 attached to the central control unit 110 and the external pin 116 being intended to be connected to a second electrical conductor 113 attached also to the central control unit 110 and serving grounding.

    Dans des conditions normales de fonctionnement, c'est à dire lorsque le véhicule automobile ne subit aucun choc particulier nécessitant l'activation d'un seul ou de plusieurs modules air-bag 111a, 111b, 111c et 111d, l'unité centrale de commande 110 délivre périodiquement un courant électrique de faible intensité dans le premier conducteur d'alimentation électrique 112, et ce courant électrique est transmis au moyen de stockage d'énergie électrique de l'allumeur inclus dans chacun des quatre modules air-bag 111a, 111b, 111c et 111d par l'intermédiaire des broches externes 114 et 115.Under normal operating conditions, that is to say when the motor vehicle does not undergo no particular shock requiring activation of a single or more air bag modules 111a, 111b, 111c and 111d, the central control unit 110 delivers periodically a low intensity electric current in the first power supply conductor 112, and this electric current is transmitted by means of electrical energy storage of the igniter included in each of the four air-bag modules 111a, 111b, 111c and 111d via external pins 114 and 115.

    Dans le cas où, à la suite d'un choc, l'activation du module air-bag 111c par exemple est souhaitable, l'unité centrale de commande 110 délivre dans le premier conducteur d'alimentation électrique 112 un train d'impulsions électriques spécifiques constituant un ordre de déclenchement destiné à l'allumeur du module air-bag 111c. Ce train d'impulsions électriques spécifiques est transmis à chaque allumeur par l'intermédiaire des broches externes 114 et 115, mais seul le moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement inclus dans l'allumeur du module air-bag 111c est apte à le détecter et à l'analyser. Le moyen de stockage d'énergie électrique associé au moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement inclus dans l'allumeur du module air-bag 111c est alors sollicité et il provoque l'initiation de la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage comme décrit précédemment.In the event that, following a shock, activation air bag module 111c for example is desirable, the central control unit 110 delivers in the first power supply conductor 112 a train of specific electrical pulses constituting a trigger order for the module igniter airbag 111c. This train of electrical pulses is transmitted to each igniter by through external pins 114 and 115 but only the means of dialogue and trigger included in the igniter of the air bag module 111c is able to detect and analyze it. The means of energy storage electric associated with dialogue and trigger included in the air bag module igniter 111c is then requested and it causes the initiation of the pyrotechnic initiation composition as described previously.

    Dans le cas où, à la suite d'un choc, l'activation de plusieurs modules air-bag est souhaitable, par exemple les modules air-bag 111a et 111b, l'unité centrale de commande 110 délivre alors dans le premier conducteur d'alimentation électrique 112 les trains d'impulsions électriques spécifiques destinés à l'allumeur inclus dans chacun des modules air-bag 111a et 111b. Le fonctionnement de chacun des deux allumeurs est alors analogue à celui analysé ci-dessus.In the event that, following a shock, activation of several airbag modules is desirable, for example the air-bag modules 111a and 111b, the unit command center 110 then delivers in the first power supply conductor 112 trains specific electrical impulses intended for the igniter included in each of the 111a air-bag modules and 111b. The operation of each of the two igniters is then analogous to that analyzed above.

    Claims (13)

    Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique comprenant un corps comportant un élément résistif chauffant (11), une composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage (12), une composition pyrotechnique d'allumage (7), ledit élément résistif chauffant (11) étant relié électriquement à au moins deux électrodes externes rattachées à un support de circuit imprimé réalisé sous la forme d'une carte électronique (17) sur laquelle sont ménagées des pistes conductrices (18, 19), caractérisé en ce que, i) une paroi transversale séparatrice (8) divise l'intérieur du corps en une chambre aval contenant l'élément résistif chauffant (11), la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage (12), ainsi que la composition pyrotechnique d'allumage (7), et en une chambre amont contenant la carte électronique (17), ii) des moyens de connexion électrique traversent ladite paroi transversale séparatrice (8) et relient les pistes conductrices (18, 19) de la carte électronique (17) à l'élément résistif chauffant (11), iii) un moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement d'une information codée ainsi qu'un moyen de stockage (20) d'énergie électrique sont connectés aux pistes conductrices (18, 19). Electro-pyrotechnic igniter (1) comprising a body comprising a resistive heating element (11), a pyrotechnic ignition composition (12), a pyrotechnic ignition composition (7), said resistive heating element (11) being electrically connected to at least two external electrodes attached to a printed circuit support produced in the form of an electronic card (17) on which are conductive tracks (18, 19), characterized in that, i) a separating transverse wall (8) divides the interior of the body into a downstream chamber containing the resistive heating element (11), the pyrotechnic ignition composition (12), as well as the ignition pyrotechnic composition (7) , and in an upstream chamber containing the electronic card (17), ii) electrical connection means pass through said separating transverse wall (8) and connect the conductive tracks (18, 19) of the electronic card (17) to the resistive heating element (11), iii) a means of dialogue and triggering of coded information as well as a means of storage (20) of electrical energy are connected to the conductive tracks (18, 19). Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de dialogue et de déclenchement est placé sur l'une des deux faces planes (27) de la carte électronique (17) et en ce que le moyen de stockage (20) d'énergie électrique est placé sur l'autre face plane (26).Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of dialogue and trigger is placed on one of two flat faces (27) of the electronic card (17) and in that the means (20) for storing electrical energy is placed on the other flat face (26). Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la paroi transversale séparatrice (8) est réalisée à l'aide d'une pièce métallique portant plusieurs perforations, chacune de ces perforations présentant une paroi latérale (9,10) en verre.Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall transverse separator (8) is produced using a metal part with several perforations, each of these perforations having a side wall (9,10) glass. Allumeur (1)électro-pyrotechnique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la carte électronique (17) est disposée perpendiculairement à la paroi transversale séparatrice (8).Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to one any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the electronic card (17) is arranged perpendicular to the dividing transverse wall (8). Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de connexion électrique sont constitués par deux broches de connexion (13, 14) métalliques, chacune d'elles étant insérée dans une des perforations portées par la pièce métallique (8) et présentant une première extrémité rattachée à l'élément résistif chauffant (11) et une seconde extrémité soudée sur les pistes conductrices (18, 19).Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to claim 3, characterized in that the means of electrical connection consist of two pins of metal connection (13, 14), each of them being inserted in one of the perforations carried by the part metallic (8) and having a first end attached to the resistive heating element (11) and a second end welded to the conductive tracks (18, 19). Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément résistif chauffant (11) est constitué par un pont résistif en couche mince reposant sur la pièce métallique (8).Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to claim 3, characterized in that the element resistive heater (11) consists of a bridge resistive thin layer resting on the workpiece metallic (8). Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le pont résistif en couche mince est constitué par du nitrure de tantale dont l'épaisseur est comprise entre 0,01µm et 1µm.Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to claim 6, characterized in that the resistive bridge in a thin layer consists of tantalum nitride whose thickness is between 0.01µm and 1µm. Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le pont résistif en couche mince est constitué par une couche d'alliage nickel/chrome dont l'épaisseur est comprise entre 0,01 µm et 1µm.Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to claim 6, characterized in that the resistive bridge thin layer consists of an alloy layer nickel / chromium whose thickness is between 0.01 µm and 1 µm. Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage (12) est une laque à base de trinitrorésorcinate de plomb qui recouvre le pont résistif.Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to one any of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the initiating pyrotechnic composition (12) is a lead trinitroresorcinate lacquer which covers the resistive bridge. Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la composition pyrotechnique d'amorçage (12) est une laque à base d'un sel de dinitrobenzofuroxanne.Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to one any of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the initiating pyrotechnic composition (12) is a lacquer based on a dinitrobenzofuroxane salt. Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes externes sont constituées par des broches externes (29 à 31) métalliques qui sont disposées dans le prolongement de la carte électronique (17) et qui sont parallèles à cette carte électronique (17).Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to claim 4, characterized in that the electrodes external are formed by external pins (29 to 31) metallic which are arranged in the extension of the electronic card (17) and which are parallel to this electronic card (17). Allumeur (1) électro-pyrotechnique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de stockage (20) d'énergie électrique est constitué par un condensateur.Electro-pyrotechnic igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of storage (20) of electrical energy consists of a capacitor. Utilisation d'allumeurs selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12 dans des générateurs de gaz pour modules air-bag reliés dans un véhicule automobile par un réseau câblé à une unité centrale de commande.Use of igniters according to any one of claims 1 to 12 in gas generators for air bag modules connected in a motor vehicle by a wired network to a central control unit.
    EP00400194A 1999-02-18 2000-01-26 Electric pyrotechnic igniter with integrated electronics Expired - Lifetime EP1030158B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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    FR9901949 1999-02-18
    FR9901949A FR2790077B1 (en) 1999-02-18 1999-02-18 ELECTRO-PYROTECHNIC IGNITER WITH INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS

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    EP (1) EP1030158B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP3294582B2 (en)
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    DE60000668D1 (en) 2002-12-05
    US6418853B1 (en) 2002-07-16
    JP2000241098A (en) 2000-09-08
    DE60000668T2 (en) 2003-06-12
    FR2790077A1 (en) 2000-08-25
    EP1030158B1 (en) 2002-10-30
    FR2790077B1 (en) 2001-12-28
    ES2184680T3 (en) 2003-04-16
    JP3294582B2 (en) 2002-06-24

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