EP1027530B1 - Pneumatic starter motor - Google Patents
Pneumatic starter motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1027530B1 EP1027530B1 EP98952402A EP98952402A EP1027530B1 EP 1027530 B1 EP1027530 B1 EP 1027530B1 EP 98952402 A EP98952402 A EP 98952402A EP 98952402 A EP98952402 A EP 98952402A EP 1027530 B1 EP1027530 B1 EP 1027530B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- air
- turbine wheel
- drive
- starter motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
- F01D1/06—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
- F01D1/08—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially having inward flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
- F01D1/06—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/06—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, hand-held tools or the like control thereof
Definitions
- This invention relates to air turbine motors.
- the invention has been particularly developed for use in a pneumatic starter motor and will be primarily described with reference to this application.
- the motor is however suitable for use in other applications where pneumatic motors are used due to the nature of the operating environment or otherwise.
- Pneumatic starter motors are used for cranking internal combustion engines for starting purposes and are typically used for large engines and engines operating in environments where electric starting systems can be hazardous such as in mines.
- Some known pneumatic starter motors have utilised an arrangement in which a flow of air generally parallel to the axis of rotation of a turbine wheel interacts with turbine elements to drive the wheel in rotation.
- air is directed radially with respect to the axis of rotation of a turbine wheel to interact with radially oriented elements which drive the wheel in rotation, as disclosed for example in US 2 625 047. Whilst both arrangements have been used to provide satisfactory air motors for pneumatic starters and other applications, improvements in output and operating characteristics are continuously sought.
- the present invention provides a pneumatic starter motor for cranking an internal combustion engine having the features recited in claim 1. Preferred features of the invention are recited in the dependent claims.
- this invention provides a pneumatic starter motor comprising an air turbine motor including a turbine wheel mounted for rotation about an axis, a first set of elements displaced around said turbine wheel and arranged to drive said turbine wheel in rotation about said axis in a first direction in response to an axial flow of air generally parallel to said axis, a second set of elements displaced around said turbine wheel and arranged to drive said turbine wheel in rotation about said axis in said first direction in response to a radial flow of air generally perpendicular to said axis, and means to direct drive air to said first set of elements in an axially directed flow and to direct drive air to said second set of elements in a radially directed flow.
- the drive air is firstly directed to the first or axially driven set of elements and is subsequently directed to the second or radially driven set of elements.
- the axially driven set of elements is arranged around an outer circumferential edge of the turbine wheel and the radially driven set of elements is arranged on a face of said turbine wheel.
- the radially driven set of elements are preferably arranged in two consecutive stages whereby the drive air passes through one stage and then the other stage.
- the consecutive stages are preferably formed by arranging the elements in two concentric circular arrays.
- the turbine wheel is preferably mounted between two stator arrangements.
- the first of the stators directs drive air axially toward said axially driven elements whilst the second stator re-directs air emerging from said axially driven elements in a radial direction to said radially driven elements.
- This preferred turbine stator configuration prevents a high side thrust loading on the turbine wheel. This is because the inlet air through the first stator exerts force which is opposite to the axial force developed by the air passing through the radially driven elements on the remote side of the turbine wheel. Additionally, the configuration allows a very compact and easily assembled air turbine motor to be produced.
- the air turbine motor according to this invention has been found to provide a superior power output for a given drive air input. This allows a corresponding reduction in the size of the motor to produce a given power output.
- the air turbine motor of this invention also as a higher stall torque, that is, torque at zero rpm. This is particularly important for applications to pneumatic starter motors since start load is frequently very high.
- the air turbine motor 1 comprises a housing 2 in which a turbine wheel 3 is mounted for rotation between an air inlet stator 4 and a second stator 5.
- An air inlet manifold 6 is provided in the housing in a known way.
- Stator 4 has a series of sequentially arranged elements or vanes 7 which direct air flow from manifold 6 toward turbine wheel 3.
- the outer circumference of turbine wheel 3 supports an array of axial turbine elements 8 evenly distributed around the circumference of the turbine wheel.
- Two concentric rings of radial turbine elements 9, 10 are formed on a face 11 of wheel 3 remote from the inlet stator 4.
- the second stator 5 is provided with circular arrays of elements or vanes 12, 13 which respectively fit between axial elements 8 and 9 and radial elements 9 and 10.
- An exhaust manifold 14 is provide in housing 2.
- Stators 4 and 5 support turbine wheel 3, for rotation about its axis.
- the turbine 3 is supported by the interengaging formations and does not require the use of supporting bearings. This is made possible by the above configuration in which the turbine wheel 3 is similarly loaded in opposing axial directions by the drive air pressure thus avoiding any axially longitudinal loading.
- the inlet air directed through element 7 of stator 4 exerts a net force to the right as viewed in Figure 1 whilst the longitudinal loading by virtue of the air directed through elements 9, 13 and 10 is to the left as viewed in Figure 1.
- Arrows 15 show the path of the air through the air turbine motor.
- the air is admitted to manifold 6 by an appropriate control valve (not shown) in the known manner.
- the air passes through elements 7 of stator 4 which direct the air generally axially into axially driven elements 8.
- the air exiting elements 8 is turned through 90° by elements 12 of stator 5 to become a radially directed flow into the radially driven elements 9.
- the air exiting elements 9 is directed into the second stage of radially driven elements 10 (or third stage of the motor) by elements 13 of stator 5.
- the air then passes into exhaust manifold 14 for exhaust to the atmosphere in the usual manner.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Lens Barrels (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to air turbine motors. The invention has been particularly developed for use in a pneumatic starter motor and will be primarily described with reference to this application. The motor is however suitable for use in other applications where pneumatic motors are used due to the nature of the operating environment or otherwise.
- Pneumatic starter motors are used for cranking internal combustion engines for starting purposes and are typically used for large engines and engines operating in environments where electric starting systems can be hazardous such as in mines.
- Some known pneumatic starter motors have utilised an arrangement in which a flow of air generally parallel to the axis of rotation of a turbine wheel interacts with turbine elements to drive the wheel in rotation. In some other known pneumatic starter motors, air is directed radially with respect to the axis of rotation of a turbine wheel to interact with radially oriented elements which drive the wheel in rotation, as disclosed for example in US 2 625 047. Whilst both arrangements have been used to provide satisfactory air motors for pneumatic starters and other applications, improvements in output and operating characteristics are continuously sought.
- The present invention provides a pneumatic starter motor for cranking an internal combustion engine having the features recited in claim 1. Preferred features of the invention are recited in the dependent claims.
- Accordingly, this invention provides a pneumatic starter motor comprising an air turbine motor including a turbine wheel mounted for rotation about an axis, a first set of elements displaced around said turbine wheel and arranged to drive said turbine wheel in rotation about said axis in a first direction in response to an axial flow of air generally parallel to said axis, a second set of elements displaced around said turbine wheel and arranged to drive said turbine wheel in rotation about said axis in said first direction in response to a radial flow of air generally perpendicular to said axis, and means to direct drive air to said first set of elements in an axially directed flow and to direct drive air to said second set of elements in a radially directed flow.
- In the preferred form of the invention, the drive air is firstly directed to the first or axially driven set of elements and is subsequently directed to the second or radially driven set of elements. Although this is the currently preferred configuration there are applications in which the path of the drive could be reversed.
- Preferably, the axially driven set of elements is arranged around an outer circumferential edge of the turbine wheel and the radially driven set of elements is arranged on a face of said turbine wheel.
- The radially driven set of elements are preferably arranged in two consecutive stages whereby the drive air passes through one stage and then the other stage. The consecutive stages are preferably formed by arranging the elements in two concentric circular arrays.
- The turbine wheel is preferably mounted between two stator arrangements. The first of the stators directs drive air axially toward said axially driven elements whilst the second stator re-directs air emerging from said axially driven elements in a radial direction to said radially driven elements.
- This preferred turbine stator configuration prevents a high side thrust loading on the turbine wheel. This is because the inlet air through the first stator exerts force which is opposite to the axial force developed by the air passing through the radially driven elements on the remote side of the turbine wheel. Additionally, the configuration allows a very compact and easily assembled air turbine motor to be produced.
- The air turbine motor according to this invention has been found to provide a superior power output for a given drive air input. This allows a corresponding reduction in the size of the motor to produce a given power output. The air turbine motor of this invention also as a higher stall torque, that is, torque at zero rpm. This is particularly important for applications to pneumatic starter motors since start load is frequently very high.
- The use of multiple stages through the respective axial and radial elements also allows speed control of the turbine motor.
- The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
-
- Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of an air turbine motor according to this invention;
- Figure 2 is an elevation of the turbine forming part of the air motor of Figure 1; and
- Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the turbine shown in Figure 2.
- As seen in the drawings, the air turbine motor 1 according to this invention comprises a
housing 2 in which aturbine wheel 3 is mounted for rotation between anair inlet stator 4 and a second stator 5. Anair inlet manifold 6 is provided in the housing in a known way.Stator 4 has a series of sequentially arranged elements orvanes 7 which direct air flow frommanifold 6 towardturbine wheel 3. The outer circumference ofturbine wheel 3 supports an array ofaxial turbine elements 8 evenly distributed around the circumference of the turbine wheel. Two concentric rings ofradial turbine elements 9, 10 are formed on aface 11 ofwheel 3 remote from theinlet stator 4. The second stator 5 is provided with circular arrays of elements orvanes axial elements 8 and 9 andradial elements 9 and 10. Anexhaust manifold 14 is provide inhousing 2. -
Stators 4 and 5support turbine wheel 3, for rotation about its axis. Theturbine 3 is supported by the interengaging formations and does not require the use of supporting bearings. This is made possible by the above configuration in which theturbine wheel 3 is similarly loaded in opposing axial directions by the drive air pressure thus avoiding any axially longitudinal loading. In this regard the inlet air directed throughelement 7 ofstator 4 exerts a net force to the right as viewed in Figure 1 whilst the longitudinal loading by virtue of the air directed throughelements -
Arrows 15 show the path of the air through the air turbine motor. In use, the air is admitted tomanifold 6 by an appropriate control valve (not shown) in the known manner. The air passes throughelements 7 ofstator 4 which direct the air generally axially into axially drivenelements 8. Theair exiting elements 8 is turned through 90° byelements 12 of stator 5 to become a radially directed flow into the radially driven elements 9. The air exiting elements 9 is directed into the second stage of radially driven elements 10 (or third stage of the motor) byelements 13 of stator 5. The air then passes intoexhaust manifold 14 for exhaust to the atmosphere in the usual manner. - The foregoing describes only one embodiment of the invention and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
- A pneumatic starter motor for cranking an internal, combustion engine, comprising an air turbine motor (1) including a turbine wheel (3) mounted for rotation about an axis, characterized by a first set of elements (8) displaced around said turbine wheel (3) and arranged to drive said turbine wheel in rotation about said axis in a first direction in response to an axial flow of air generally parallel to said axis, a second set of elements (9, 10) displaced around said turbine wheel (3) and arranged to drive said turbine wheel (3) in rotation about said axis in said first direction in response to a radial flow of air generally perpendicular to said axis, and means (4, 5; 7, 12, 13) to direct drive air to said first set of elements (8) in an axially directed flow and to direct drive air to said second set of elements (9, 10) in a radially directed flow.
- A pneumatic starter motor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the drive air is first directed to said first set of drive elements (8) and is subsequently directed to said second set of drive elements (9, 10).
- A pneumatic starter motor as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said first set of elements (8) is arranged around an outer circumferential edge of said turbine wheel (3).
- A pneumatic starter motor as claimed in claim 3 wherein said second set of elements (9, 10) is arranged on a face of said turbine wheel (3).
- A pneumatic starter motor as claimed in claim 4 wherein said second set of elements (9, 10) is arranged in two consecutive stages whereby the drive air passes through one stage (9) and then the other stage (10).
- A pneumatic starter motor as claimed in claim 5 wherein said two consecutive stages (9, 10) are formed by arranging the elements in two concentric circular arrays.
- A pneumatic starter motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein said turbine wheel (3) is mounted between two stators (4, 5).
- A pneumatic starter motor as claimed in claim 7 wherein a first stator (4) directs drive air axially toward said first set of elements (8) and a second stator (5) re-directs air emerging from the first set of elements to said second set of elements (9, 10) in a radial direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPP0033A AUPP003397A0 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 1997-10-27 | An air turbine motor |
AUPP003397 | 1997-10-27 | ||
PCT/AU1998/000890 WO1999022117A1 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 1998-10-27 | An air turbine motor |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1027530A1 EP1027530A1 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
EP1027530A4 EP1027530A4 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
EP1027530B1 true EP1027530B1 (en) | 2006-08-02 |
Family
ID=3804309
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98952402A Expired - Lifetime EP1027530B1 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 1998-10-27 | Pneumatic starter motor |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1027530B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE335124T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AUPP003397A0 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69835439T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999022117A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9714637B1 (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2017-07-25 | Carl A. Stacey | Pneumatic starter for a chainsaw |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE262119C (en) * | ||||
GB237611A (en) * | 1924-07-24 | 1925-10-15 | International General Electric Company Incorporated | |
GB361772A (en) * | 1930-03-24 | 1931-11-26 | Aktiebolaget Milo | |
DE689593C (en) * | 1934-01-21 | 1940-03-28 | Phil Ulrich Meininghaus Dr Ing | Centrifugal machine, preferably a steam or gas turbine |
DE720938C (en) * | 1940-06-20 | 1942-05-20 | Siemens Ag | Radial centrifugal machine, preferably steam or gas turbine |
DE869969C (en) * | 1951-04-14 | 1953-03-09 | Wagner Hochdruck Dampfturbinen | Radial steam or gas turbine |
US4573870A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1986-03-04 | Elliott Turbomachinery Co., Inc. | Solid turbine wheel with guided discharge |
RU2008435C1 (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1994-02-28 | Нижегородский государственный технический университет | Radial-flow turbine |
-
1997
- 1997-10-27 AU AUPP0033A patent/AUPP003397A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
1998
- 1998-10-27 WO PCT/AU1998/000890 patent/WO1999022117A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-10-27 EP EP98952402A patent/EP1027530B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-27 AT AT98952402T patent/ATE335124T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-27 DE DE69835439T patent/DE69835439T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9714637B1 (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2017-07-25 | Carl A. Stacey | Pneumatic starter for a chainsaw |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69835439T2 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
WO1999022117A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
ATE335124T1 (en) | 2006-08-15 |
EP1027530A4 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
DE69835439D1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
EP1027530A1 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
AUPP003397A0 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
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