Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
  • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
  • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
  • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
  • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
  • F24F11/75—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity for maintaining constant air flow rate or air velocity
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
  • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
  • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
  • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
  • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F2120/00—Control inputs relating to users or occupants
  • F24F2120/10—Occupancy

Definitions

• the invention relates to a ventilating system for a building with several enclosed spaces, at least a number of which are provided with at least one supply device for ventilating air from the surroundings of the building, which ventilating system is further provided with a mechanical exhaust device with a controllable ventilator and a programmable control unit for enabling control per time block of the amount of ventilating air per space depending on a stated number of persons present in this space during that time block, in which system each supply device and ventilator are controllable by the control unit depending on the information stored therein.
• Such a ventilating system is known from DE-A-43 33 195.
• one or a number of supply devices is or are opened in this system and the mechanical exhaust device is adjusted to an exhaust throughput corresponding to the throughput that can flow in via the open supply devices.
• the aim is to achieve optimum control both with respect to fresh air, energy loss via exhaustion and with respect to energy consumption of the system and pressure balance between inside and outside.
• the control can be adversely affected by various factors. For instance, wind pressure or reduced pressure may have the result that an amount of air other than the desired amount flows through the supply devices into the enclosed space.
• the exhaust device may and will often be located in another space than the supply device.
• the air to be exhausted must then move from one space to another. This may involve a range of different resistance factors. For instance, between the spaces there may be a door which is, is not, or is partly closed.
• arrangements must be made, for instance a slot at the bottom, which slot may considerably differ from the calculated or intended slot by the kind and nature of the floor covering, which, in turn, will influence the amount of air really exhausted.
• each supply device is automatically controlled, that is to say that, depending on the pressure difference over this supply device, it can control the passage such that a specific constant throughput is obtained, and if further a sensor placed near the ventilator is present, with which sensor the amount of air drawn in by the ventilator is to be determined, depending on which a control signal is to generated with the control unit, which control signal controls the number of revolutions of the ventilator such that, depending on the total number of persons stated to be present in the building, a constant amount of air is exhausted.
• a sensor with which the real throughput of the ventilator can be directly measured and adjusted to the desired constant value by means of this measurement by changing the number of revolutions of the ventilator, which not only results in an optimally operating system with reduction of energy losses, but which, by ensuring that the ventilator really discharges the desired amount of air, also ensures that the desired amount of ventilating air can also flow in via the automatically controlled supply devices.
• the senor is placed in a supply line to the ventilator. Contrary to the line part after the ventilator where turbulences may occur, the air flow in the supply line to the ventilator is as uniform as possible and the measurement, and the related volume flow control, is therefore most accurate.
• the senor is arranged to measure the air velocity. Because the passage area of the line at the sensor is known and constant, the volume flow through the ventilator can thus be simply determined.
• a ventilating system according to the invention can be used in many types of buildings with various purposes of use. Hereinafter, the ventilating system will be further discussed, by way of example, for use in a house.
• ventilation facilities for four persons considered, in which, for instance, ventilation grilles and the like can provide the supply of ventilating air and a central mechanical exhaustion for the discharge. If, however, the house is occupied by only two persons or, as often occurs, by less than four persons for a part of the day, overventilation continuously or partly appears. In addition, supply and discharge are often not adjusted to each other. For ventilation grilles and the like, 7 dm 3 /s ( 25 m 3 /h) are considered per person, while a mechanical exhaustion is nearly always carried out with a static ventilator with only three fixed positions.
• a system with a demand-controlled ventilation is provided according to the invention.
• automatically controlled ventilation facilities are used for the supply of ventilating air, that is to say ventilation grilles and the like which can continuously provide a supply of a constant amount of ventilating air and the discharge of a mechanical exhaustion with a controllable ventilator, more in particular a ventilator having appreciably more adjusting positions, such as, for instance, a steplessly adjustable ventilator, than is the case with a simple, but hitherto often standard-used three-position control comprising a control unit which, depending on the information supplied and inputted, controls both the supply and the discharge of ventilating air in a demand-controlled manner.
• each space to be ventilated is provided with ventilation facilities, the throughput of which is to be adjusted to the need during a specific part of the day.
• the discharge via the mechanical exhaust device can, as is hitherto conventional, take place from, for instance, the kitchen, the toilet and the bathroom.
• the control unit is provided with a number of standard programs, but can also be programmed individually. To enable demand-controlled control, the control unit must be fed with data about how many persons are in which space during which part of the day. For instance, one or more persons will not be present during the day and those present will mainly be in the living room and the kitchen, while at night those present will often be in the bedrooms.
• the automatically controlled ventilation grilles to be used must close when the air flow moves from inside to outside so as to prevent energy loss as a result of transverse ventilation.
• the control unit is programmed such that a search is made for ventilation grilles that can be opened to thus achieve the desired throughput. Preferably, this is done in spaces where according to the stored data no persons are.
• Another or additional possibility is to adjust ventilation grilles that can be opened to a higher throughput.
• switches are provided, for instance in the kitchen and/or the bathroom, so that the system can be temporarily overruled.
• a further control is necessary to always supply and discharge the desired amount of ventilating air.
• the starting-point is that the control takes place pressure-neutrally, that is to say that supply and discharge are equal, so that no disadvantageous infiltrated ventilation can take place via all kinds of slits, cracks and building connections.
• a further control of the central mechanical exhaustion is chosen in the ventilating system according to the invention.
• the automatically controlled supply devices for ventilating air are then adjusted by the control unit to a specific throughput position, while the automatic control function of these supply devices ensures that in this throughput position a constant amount of air is passed continuously.
• the exhaustion takes place from specific spaces, namely kitchen, bath, and toilet.
• other spaces or all the spaces to be ventilated can be directly connected to the exhaustion, for which there may further be considered a space connected to the exhaustion without direct ventilation of this space from outside.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ventilation (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=19768621

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (4)

Citations (3)

• 1999
  • 1999-02-08 NL NL1011238A patent/NL1011238C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2000
  • 2000-02-07 DE DE60004897T patent/DE60004897T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-02-07 EP EP00200410A patent/EP1026452B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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