Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
  • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
  • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
  • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
  • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
  • H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
  • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
  • H04W48/12—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using downlink control channel

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for transmitting the prevailing service situation of the telecommunication connection to the subscriber.
• the invention will be explained primarily in connection with packet radio systems, such as GPRS, but it can also be applied to other kinds of telecommunication systems.
• Figure 1 shows the parts of the packet network essential for understanding the invention.
• Mobile stations MS communicate with base stations BTSn (Base Transceiver Station) over an air interface Um.
• Base stations are controlled by base station controllers BSC which are connected to mobile switching centres MSC.
• the subsystem managed by the base station controller BSC, including the base stations controlled by it, is generally referred to as a base station subsystem BSS.
• the interface between the centre MSC and the base station subsystem BSS is called an A-interface.
• the part of the mobile communication system on the side of the MSC at the A- interface is known as a network subsystem NSS.
• NSS network subsystem
• the mobile switching centre MSC attends to the switching of incoming and outgoing calls. It carries out similar tasks as the exchange of the public switched telephone network PSTN. In addition, it carries out functions characteristic of mobile telephone traffic only, such as subscriber location management, in co-operation with network subscriber registers which are not shown separately in Figure 1.
• a conventional radio connection used in digital mobile communi- cation systems is circuit-switched, which means that the radio resources reserved for a subscriber are kept reserved for this connection for the duration of the call.
• Packet radio service GPRS General Packet Radio Service
• the packet radio system is described in ETSI recommendations TC- TR-GSM 02.60 and 03.60.
• a packet radio service By means of a packet radio service, a user of the mobile station MS can be provided with a radio connection which efficiently utilizes radio resources.
• radio resources are reserved only when speech or data is to be sent. Speech or data is assembled into packets of a specific length. When such a packet has been sent over the air interface Um and the sending party does not immediately have the next packet to send, the radio resource can be released to the use of other subscribers.
• the system of Figure 1 includes a separate Serving GPRS Support Node, that is, an SGSN 15 which controls the operation of the packet data service on the network side.
• This control includes, for example, registrations of the mobile station to the system and from the system (Logon and Logoff, respectively), updating mobile stations location and routing data packets to the correct destination.
• data broadly interpreted refers to any information transmitted in a digital mobile communication system, including, but not limited to speech encoded into a digital form, data transmission between computers or telefax data.
• the SGSN may be located in connection with the base station BTS, the base station controller BSC or the mobile switching centre MSC or it may be located separately from them.
• the interface between the SGSN and the base station controller BSC is known as a Gb-interface.
• a situation is conceivable in which the subscriber using a computer PC is in contact with another computer 14 via a packet network 10, a data network 11 , a router 13 and a local area network LAN.
• a packet network 10 There is an ongoing long data transmission or several successive short data transmissions between the computers PC and 14 in accordance with Internet FTP protocol, for example.
• a user of the computer PC or some other user starts an interactive session in accordance with Internet Telnet protocol, for example. If a packet of each interactive session had to wait at nodes along the connection until the long data transmission had been terminated, the response times of the interactive session would grow so long that the use of the service would no longer be sensible.
• Network operators typically determine several classes for the quality of service (QoS) so that in a higher class for the quality of service the propagation delay (and possibly also the probability of losing the packet) is smaller than in a lower class for the quality of service.
• propagation delay is the most significant parameter connected with the quality of service.
• the operator may determine three classes for the quality of service, for example, for which two propagation delays T AVE and T 95 have been determined, the first (T AVE ) of which determines the average propagation delay of the packet in the network of the operator and the second (T 95 ) determines such a delay that 95 per cent of the packets are transmitted on a smaller delay than T 95 .
• the correspondence of classes for the quality of service and propagation delays could be as follows:
• Table 1 a typical correspondence of classes for the quality of service and propagation delays:
• the users or the application programs may estimate and determine independently the prevailing service situation in the quality of service which has been negotiated at each time, the users or the application programs cannot receive information independently about other classes for the quality of service and thus cannot make any objective conclusions on whether the quality of service should be re- negotiated to be higher or lower.
• the object of the invention is to develop a method for solving the problems mentioned above.
• the objects of the invention are achieved by a method that is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.
• the dependent claims relate to the preferred embodiments of the invention.
• the invention is at its simplest implemented by establishing a method for indicating the service situation in a packet radio network which includes at least one base station BTS and at least one terminal equipment (a mobile station MS and a computer PC possibly connected or integrated thereto), and where several classes for the quality of service have been determined.
• a packet radio network which includes at least one base station BTS and at least one terminal equipment (a mobile station MS and a computer PC possibly connected or integrated thereto), and where several classes for the quality of service have been determined.
• at least one parameter describing the service situation of the packet radio network is determined and this parameter is made available to the terminal equipment (MS, PC).
• the terminal equipment the person using it and/or the application program to be executed therein
• the user and/or application program may conclude, for example, that information is received slowly regardless of the good service situation in the network.
• the application program or its user can conclude that the delay is caused by the loading of the server in which case the negotiation of the quality of service into a better one will not improve the situation.
• This conclusion cannot be made objectively if the service situation is determined subjectively in the terminal equipment (by estimating or measuring the effective data transmission rate) as the terminal equipment or its user cannot distinguish the delays caused by the network from the delays caused by the server.
• the network determines the prevailing service situation in each class for the quality of service and this information is transmitted to the terminal equipment.
• the terminal equipment or its user
• the terminal equipment has available objective information on the service situation prevailing in the other classes for the quality of service.
• the application to be executed in the terminal equipment or its user may then decide to negotiate a higher or a lower class for the quality of service, as required.
• the service situation in the neighbouring base stations is used as a criterion in connection with handover, in which case the mobile stations can be handed over to a base station whose audibility is poorer but the service situation better (loading smaller) than in the base station which serves the mobile station.
• the advantage of the method and system of the invention is a more efficient use of packet radio network resources as the users and/or applications making decisions (change of the service quality or handover) have available objective information on the prevailing service situation.
• Figure 1 shows the parts of the packet network essential for understanding the invention.
• the invention is at its simplest implemented by establishing a method for indicating the service situation in a packet radio network which includes at least one base station BTS and at least one terminal equipment (a mobile station MS and a computer PC possibly connected or integrated thereto), and where several classes for the quality of service have been determined.
• a packet radio network which includes at least one base station BTS and at least one terminal equipment (a mobile station MS and a computer PC possibly connected or integrated thereto), and where several classes for the quality of service have been determined.
• at least one parameter representing the service situation of the packet radio network is determined and this parameter is made available to the terminal equipment (MS, PC).
• the parameter representing the service situation is determined in some fixed network element of the network, such as the base station system BSS or the support node SGSN.
• said parameter can be determined in the terminal equipment (MS, PC).
• the prevailing service situation in the service quality used by the mobile station MS can be determined in several different ways.
• One possible technique is based on that the parameter is determined on the basis of the utilization ratio of the capacity of the base station system BSS, for example by determining the ratio of free channels to reserved channels.
• the parameter can also be determined by following on which probability and/or delay the mobile stations are able to reserve resources, such as traffic channels. It is also possible to calculate the number of packets sent to the mobile station MS per a time unit and maintain the moving time average of this number. Alternatively, it is also possible to use the fact that in most packet networks packets are time stamped when they arrive at the network, in which case the parameter representing the service situation may be determined on the basis of the time stamps of the downlink packets, for example.
• this parameter can be sent to the terminal equipment (MS, PC) on a broadcast control channel. Suitable channels in the GPRS system are BCCH or PBCCH, for instance. Alternatively, this parameter can be sent to terminal equipment (MS, PC) as a multicast transmission, such as a Point-To-Multipoint transmission.
• the parameter can be sent to one terminal equipment (MS, PC) at a time, as a Point-To-Point transmission or as a short message in the GPRS system.
• a multicast transmission and an individual transmission may be combined so that the parameter is sent to the terminal equipment generally as a multicast transmission but to a terminal equipment that has just registered to the network individually as a Point-to-Point transmission or as a short message, for example.
• said parameter is determined in more than one class for the quality of service. If the parameters are sent to all terminal equipments at the same time (e.g. broadcast or multicast), it is most advantageous to send simultaneously the parameters representing the situation of all the classes for the quality of service. If the parameters are instead sent individually to the terminal equipments, capacity may be saved by sending primarily only the parameters representing the situation of the upper and lower classes for the quality of service in addition to the quality of service used at each time.
• information on the service situation of the classes for the quality of service has been made available to the terminal equipment (either by calculating some parameter representing service in the terminal equipment or by calculating the information in the network and by sending it to the mobile station), this information has to be made available to application program and/or its user.
• the information on the service situation of the classes for the quality of service can be employed in the application program for example so that the criteria have been determined in advance, on the basis of which criteria the application negotiates the class for the quality of service higher or lower if the parameter representing the service situation is smaller or greater, respectively, than some predetermined threshold value.
• a specific hysteresis for example, in such a manner that a higher (faster) class for the quality of service is negotiated if the parameter falls below the threshold value by 10 per cents and a lower (less expensive) class for the quality of service is negotiated if the parameter exceeds the threshold value by 10 per cents.
• time delay can be determined for example so that the quality of service is re-negotiated only if the parameter has been below or above the threshold value for a certain time, such as one minute.
• the new class for the quality of service can be negotiated immediately if there is a great deviance from the threshold value towards a poorer value (e.g. if the average propagation delay exceeds two times the normal value).
• the terminal equipment and the application program executed therein can make decisions independently, without disturbing the user, by means of which decisions the ratio of the service level to costs is maintained at the optimal level.
• the service situation can be transmitted to the user for example so that there is in a corner of the screen of the mobile station MS and/or the computer PC an element (e.g. a number, a dot or a bar) indicating the prevailing service situation, some feature (such as a numerical value, the size, the colour or the blinking speed) of the element being dependent on the service situation.
• an element e.g. a number, a dot or a bar
• some feature such as a numerical value, the size, the colour or the blinking speed
• the user can start a dialogue where more exact information is shown and through which the user can renegotiate the quality of service.
• the quality of service is changed automatically by a negotiation between the application program and the network, it may be advantageous to produce some audio signal so that the user would have a chance to accept or discard the change of service quality suggested by the application program.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Quality & Reliability (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

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• 1997
  • 1997-01-20 FI FI970237A patent/FI104606B/fi active
  • 1997-06-19 TW TW086108578A patent/TW416186B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1998
  • 1998-01-09 ZA ZA98162A patent/ZA98162B/xx unknown
  • 1998-01-16 WO PCT/FI1998/000034 patent/WO1998032265A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-01-16 AU AU56653/98A patent/AU5665398A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-01-16 EP EP98900866A patent/EP1021892A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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