EP1021687A1 - Mixed gas water heater - Google Patents

Mixed gas water heater

Info

Publication number
EP1021687A1
EP1021687A1 EP98950087A EP98950087A EP1021687A1 EP 1021687 A1 EP1021687 A1 EP 1021687A1 EP 98950087 A EP98950087 A EP 98950087A EP 98950087 A EP98950087 A EP 98950087A EP 1021687 A1 EP1021687 A1 EP 1021687A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating body
tank
water
water heater
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98950087A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1021687B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Bouix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTS SA
Original Assignee
MTS SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTS SA filed Critical MTS SA
Publication of EP1021687A1 publication Critical patent/EP1021687A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1021687B1 publication Critical patent/EP1021687B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas water heater of the type comprising a water tank provided with a domestic cold water inlet tube and a domestic hot water outlet tube, a gas burner, means for supplying an air / fuel gas mixture to the burner, and a hollow elongated heating body, which is engaged inside the tank, through a single opening thereof, and which is provided with a single flange by means of which it is fixed to the tank and which seals the opening of the latter, said heating body containing a combustion chamber, in which the burner is disposed, and a flue gas discharge channel connecting said combustion chamber to a burnt gas outlet orifice provided at one end of the heating body located outside the tank.
  • the heating body is produced in the form of a bent tube in the shape of an inverted U, the two branches of which pass through the disc-shaped fixing flange, the combustion chamber being formed in one of the two branches of the U and the remaining part of the tube in the shape of an inverted U serving as a channel for evacuating the burnt gases.
  • An advantage of these known water heaters is that the heating body is removable for inspection or replacement, and that the various connections of water, air, gas and smoke can be made on the same face of the water heater, in this case the underside.
  • the present invention therefore aims to provide a gas water heater of the type defined in the preamble, in which the heating body is fixed to the tank by a single flange and which is capable of producing not only domestic hot water, but also hot water for a heating circuit.
  • the gas water heater according to the invention is characterized in that said heating body also contains at least a first channel and at least a second channel which extend from said end of the heating body located at the outside of the tank to an opposite end of the heating body situated inside the tank, said first and second channels communicating with each other by a passage formed in said opposite end of the heating body, and communicating respectively with a cold water inlet and a hot water outlet which are provided at the end of the heating body located outside the tank, and which are connectable to a circuit heating water. Thanks to such an arrangement, the heating body can be easily installed in a tank having a single opening, and it can produce domestic hot water as well as hot water for a heating circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section showing a gas water heater according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the heater body of the water heater of Figure 1, the section being taken along line I ll i of Figure 3
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line ii ii n of Figure 2
  • the gas water heater shown in Figure 1 comprises, in a manner known per se, a tank 1, which can be arranged vertically and whose bottom 1 a is provided with a first tube 2 (INPUT EFS) and a second tube 3 (DHW OUTPUT) Tube 2 is connected or connectable, in a known manner, to a pipe (not shown) itself connected to a sanitary cold water supply network (EFS), while tube 3 is connected or connectable, in a known manner, to another pipe (not shown) which is itself connected to a domestic hot water distribution network (DHW)
  • EFS sanitary cold water supply network
  • DHW domestic hot water distribution network
  • the bottom 1 a of the tank 1 has, in known manner, an opening 4 which, in service, is hermetically sealed by a flange 5 forming part of a heating body 6 As shown in FIG.
  • the heating body 6 penetrates inside the tank 1, through the opening 4, on a vertical distance corresponding to part of the height of the tank, for example approximate two thirds of the height of the tank
  • a burner 7 (not shown in FIG. 1, but visible in FIGS.
  • the burner 7 is supplied with combustible gas by a tube 8 connected to a conventional block for controlling and / or regulating gas flow (not shown) itself connected to a source of combustible gas (gas distribution network or fuel gas storage tank)
  • the burner 7 is also supplied with air by a fan 9
  • the burnt gases and the fumes are evacuated from the heating body 6 by an evacuation orifice 1 1, which is located below the flange 5 and which is connected by a pipe 12 to a chimney, a suction cup or similar (not shown) leading the burnt gases and the fumes to the atmosphere outside the building in which the water heater is installed
  • the air sent to the burner 7 by the fan 9 can advantageously be preheated before reaching the fan 9
  • the inlet 9a of the fan 9 can be connected by a pipe 1 3 (shown diagrammatically in the form of a single solid line in FIG.
  • the box 14 is itself connected to a pipe 15 which surrounds the pipe 12 and which leads to a fresh air intake (not shown)
  • a pipe 15 which surrounds the pipe 12 and which leads to a fresh air intake (not shown)
  • the fresh air admitted by the pipe 12 gradually heats up in contact with the hot external surface of the pipe 12, which is traversed in the opposite direction by the burnt gases, as it progresses towards the box 14, and the fresh air thus heated is led by the pipe 13 to the fan 9 which discharges it towards the burner 7
  • the tank 1 is placed inside a covering casing 16 and the space between the casing 16 and the tank 1 is filled, in known manner, of a material 17 having good insulating properties thermal, such as plastic foam, glass wool or rockblade
  • the tank 1 is completely filled with water and the water is in contact with the external surface of the heating body 6 So when the burner is on, the heat of the burnt gases is transmitted to the heating body which in turn transmits it to the water contained in the tank 1.
  • the water heater described so far in broad outline can be considered to be known.
  • the heating body 6 it has the general shape of a double-walled hollow cylinder as shown in FIG. 2. It has an internal cylindrical wall 18 and an external cylindrical wall 19, with several longitudinal partition walls 21 which extend radially between the inner and outer walls and which define several longitudinal channels, for example eight longitudinal channels 22a at 22h ( Figure 3), which are distributed circumferentially around the axis of the cylinder of the body of heater 6 and which, in service, are traversed by water to be heated in a manner which will be described in detail below.
  • Several longitudinal fins or ribs 23 radially protrude from the inner surface of the internal wall 18 of the heating body 6 and extend longitudinally over at least part of the axial length of said heating body, preferably over the entire length of its internal wall 18.
  • the fins 23 have a first constant radial dimension in the lower part of the heating body 6 and a second constant radial dimension, smaller than the first radial dimension, in the remaining upper part of the heating body, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • a combustion chamber 24 is thus formed in which the burner 7 is located.
  • the burner 7, of cylindrical shape can for example be constituted by a radiant burner of known type with low rate of
  • the radiant burner instead of the radiant burner, other types of burners could also be used, such as for example a blue flame burner.
  • the radial dimension of the fins 23 may for example be approximately equal to one sixth of the diameter of the internal cylindrical surface of the internal wall 1 8 of the heating body.
  • the walls 1 8 and 19 , the longitudinal partitions 21 and the fins 23 of the heating body 6 are made in one piece, constituted for example by a profile spun from a light metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy
  • the dimension reduced radial of the fins 23 in the region of the combustion chamber 24 can be obtained by clipping the fins 23 for example by milling, over a length corresponding to the length of the combustion chamber 24
  • the heating body 6 can be covered with an anti-corrosion coating or jacket, for example in enamel, "Teflon” or "Stainless steel” (registered names) allowing good heat exchange
  • the flange 5 can be made pa r an annular flange, for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which is tightly fixed, for example by welding, to the external wall 1 9 of the heating body 6, in the region of its lower end situated at outside tank 1
  • the inner wall 1 8 thereof can be longer than the outer wall 19, so that a lower part of the internal wall 18 projects axially downwards beyond the lower end of the external wall 1 9
  • this can be obtained by removing by machining, for example by milling, a lower part of the outer wall 1 9
  • a hollow annular element 25 surrounds the projecting lower part of the internal wall 18 of the heating body 6 and is fixed in a sealed manner, for example by welding, to the lower end of the internal wall 18 and to the lower end of the outer wall 19 as shown in Figure 2
  • the hollow annular element 25 forms both a cold water distributor and a hot water collector
  • the hollow annular element comprises a distribut ⁇ ce chamber 26 which is provided with a cold water inlet orifice 27 (HEATING RETURN), and a collecting chamber 28, which is provided with a hot water outlet orifice 29 (HEATING START) shown only in Figure 3
  • Ports 27 and 29 are intended to be conventionally connected to a heating network not shown
  • the distributor chamber 26 extends angularly over part of the circumference of the hollow annular element 25 and communicates with a first group of contiguous longitudinal channels 22a to 22f, at their lower ends, among the eight longitudinal channels located between the internal wall 18 and the external wall 19 of the heating body 6
  • the first and second groups of longitudinal channels could have the same number of channels, the first group preferably has a greater number of channels than the second group e for reasons which will be explained later
  • its internal wall 18 can be shorter than its external wall 19, and two covers 33 and 34 are fixed in leaktight manner, for example by welding, respectively the upper end of the inner wall 18 and at the upper end of the outer wall 19 It is thus defined between the two covers 33 and 34 a passage 35 which puts the first group of longitudinal channels 22a to 22f in communication with the second group of longitudinal channels 22g and 22h
  • the fins 23 and the parts of the internal wall 18 which are located in correspondence with each of the channels 22a to 22h form first thermal bridges for the direct exchange of heat between the burnt gases and the water contained in said channels .
  • the fins 23 and the parts of the internal wall 18 which are located in correspondence with the partition walls 21 between the channels 22a at 10 p.m., as well as the partitions 21 themselves and the parts of the external wall 1 9 which are located in correspondence with said partitions 21 form second thermal bridges for the direct exchange of heat between the burnt gases and the water which is contained in the tank 1 and which is in contact with the external surface of the external wall 19 of the heating body 6.
  • the parts of the external wall 1 9 which are located in correspondence with each of the channels 22a at 22h form third thermal bridges for the direct exchange of heat between the water contained in said channels 22a at 22h and l in the tank 1.
  • the passage 35 at the upper end of the heating body 6 constitutes a high point in the circuit followed by the water inside said heating body.
  • air bubbles collect in the passage 35 and tend to stay there.
  • the channels 22g and 22h form, by their number less than that of the channels 22a to 22f, a reduced flow section in order to obtain, for a given flow rate, a sufficient speed so that the air bubbles possibly present in the passage 35 are entrained by the water in the channels 22g and 22h and evacuated from the heating body 6.
  • annular flue gas collector 36 is tightly fixed, for example by welding, to the lower end of the internal wall 18 of the heating body 6, below the hollow annular element 25
  • the manifold 36 comprises, in its periphery, the orifice 11, already mentioned above, which is connected to the pipe 12 for the evacuation of the burnt gases.
  • the collector 36 further comprises, in its lower part, an axial opening 37 which is closed in a gas-tight manner by a removable closure plate 38, fixed to the collector 36 by screws indicated diagrammatically at 39 in FIG. 2.
  • the hollow annular element 25 and the manifold 36 could be constituted by separate parts, they are preferably constituted by a single part, for example a foundry part cast or molded in a light metal such as aluminum or a aluminum alloy, which is welded to the heating body 6, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the flange 5 could be produced, if desired, in one piece with the hollow directory element 25 and the manifold 36.
  • the heating body 6 forms with the flange 5, the hollow annular element 25 and the manifold 36 a first sub-assembly which can be removably attached to the reservoir 1, in the region of its opening 4, by means of several screws 41 shown schematically in FIG. 2.
  • the opening 37 of the manifold 36 is intended to allow the installation of the burner 7 inside the heating body 6.
  • the closure plate 38 has at its center a hole through which passes a tube 42, which is tightly fixed, for example by welding, in the central hole of the closure plate 38.
  • the plate 38 and the tube 42 can be formed in one piece
  • the tube 42 extends upwards inside the heating body 6, coaxial with the internal cylindrical wall 1 8, as far as the lower region of the combustion chamber 24
  • the burner 7 is connected at the end upper part of the tube 42
  • the lower part of the tube 42, which is situated below the closure plate 38, is closed at its lower end by a plug 43 and it has, on its cylindrical side wall, an intake manifold air 44, which is detachably connected to the discharge port 9b of the fan 9 (see FIG.
  • the part of the tube 42 located between nozzle 45 of t ube 8 and the burner 7 serves as a mixing chamber for air and gas
  • a static mixer of known type (not shown) can be placed, if desired, in this part of the tube 42 in order to further improve the mixture of air and gas before their admission to the burner 7
  • a slight radial clearance (not shown) is provided between the tube 42 and the sleeve 47 and between the latter and the crest of the fins 23 in order to take account of the different expansion coefficients of these elements
  • the lower end of the refractory sleeve 47 is represented in FIG.
  • the reference numbers 48 and 49 designate electrodes for igniting the burner 7.
  • These electrodes 48 and 49 can be conventional ignition electrodes of the spark type or of the incandescent type.
  • the burner 7 can also be associated with a flame control electrode (not shown).
  • the above-mentioned electrodes are electrically connected to a conventional command and control unit for the water heater by electrical conductors such as the conductor 51 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the conductor 51 passes through an insulating sheath 52, for example of soapstone, passing tightly through the closure plate 38 and passing through a longitudinal channel formed in the refractory sleeve 47.
  • the plate 38, the tube 42, the sleeve 47, the burner 7 and the electrodes associated with the burner form a second sub-assembly which, by unscrewing the screws 39, can be separated from the first sub-assembly formed by the elements 5, 6, 25 and 36, thus allowing inspection and cleaning of the interior of the heating body 6, of the burner 7 and of the electrodes associated therewith, as well as, if necessary, replacement of the burner and / or electrodes.
  • the water heater can be installed so that, in service, the opening 4 of the tank 1 is not at the bottom of the tank, but at the top or on one side thereof.
  • the walls 18 and 19 may have the same length; the covers 33 and 34 may have a different form and method of attachment to those shown in FIG. 2, provided that a passage is made between them to put the channels 22a to 22f in communication with the channels 22g and 22h.
  • the shape and position of the gas injection tube 8 may be different from those shown in Figure 2; through example, the tube 8 can be arranged so as to inject the gas transversely into the tube 42 or into the connector 44.
  • the tube 8 instead of injecting the gas downstream of the fan 9, it can also be injected in a known manner upstream of the fan 9.
  • the fan 9 can be connected not upstream of the burner 7, but downstream of the latter, for example between the orifice 1 1 and the tube 12 or to the outlet of the latter, so as to function as a smoke extractor. In the latter case, the pipe 13 is to be connected to the tube 42.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a gas water heater comprising a reservoir (1) equipped with an cold domestic water supply (2) intake tube and an outlet tube for hot domestic water (3), a heating element (6), penetrating inside the reservoir (1) through an opening (4) thereof, and which contains a combustion chamber (24), wherein is arranged a burner (7), and an exhaust duct for burnt gases emerging through an orifice (11) outside the reservoir (1). The heating element (6) further contains at least a first longitudinal duct (22c) and at least a second longitudinal duct (22h), communicating with each other through a passage (35) formed at the heating element (6) end located inside the reservoir (1) and communicating respectively with a cold water inlet (27) and a hot water outlet, provided at the heating element (6) end located outside the reservoir (1) and capable of being connected to a hot water circuit.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
CHAUFFE-EAU A GAZ MIXTEMIXED GAS WATER HEATER
La présente invention concerne un chauffe-eau à gaz du type comprenant un réservoir d'eau muni d'un tube d'arrivée d'eau froide sanitaire et d'un tube de départ d'eau chaude sanitaire, un brûleur à gaz, des moyens pour amener un mélange air/gaz combustible au brûleur, et un corps de chauffe creux de forme allongée, qui est engagé à l'intérieur du réservoir, à travers une unique ouverture de celui-ci, et qui est muni d'une unique bride au moyen de laquelle il est fixé au réservoir et qui obture de manière étanche l'ouverture de celui-ci, ledit corps de chauffe contenant une chambre de combustion, dans laquelle est disposé le brûleur, et un canal d'évacuation des gaz brûlés reliant ladite chambre de combustion à un orifice de sortie des gaz brûlés prévu à une extrémité du corps de chauffe située à l'extérieur du réservoir.The present invention relates to a gas water heater of the type comprising a water tank provided with a domestic cold water inlet tube and a domestic hot water outlet tube, a gas burner, means for supplying an air / fuel gas mixture to the burner, and a hollow elongated heating body, which is engaged inside the tank, through a single opening thereof, and which is provided with a single flange by means of which it is fixed to the tank and which seals the opening of the latter, said heating body containing a combustion chamber, in which the burner is disposed, and a flue gas discharge channel connecting said combustion chamber to a burnt gas outlet orifice provided at one end of the heating body located outside the tank.
Des chauffe-eau à gaz connus de ce type sont décrits dans les documents IT-1 178 296 et IT-1 182 951 . Dans ces chauffe-eau connus, le corps de chauffe est réalisé sous la forme d'un tube coudé en forme de U renversé, dont les deux branches passent à travers la bride de fixation en forme de disque, la chambre de combustion étant formée dans l'une des deux branches du U et la partie restante du tube en forme de U renversé servant de canal d'évacuation des gaz brûlés. Un avantage de ces chauffe-eau connu est que le corps de chauffe est démontable en vue de son inspection ou de son remplacement, et que les différents raccordements d'eau, d'air, de gaz et de fumée peuvent être effectués sur une même face du chauffe-eau, en l'occurence la face inférieure. Ces chauffe-eau à gaz connus ont en outre l'avantage de pouvoir utiliser un réservoir de chauffe-eau électrique standard, qui est produit en grande série, donc peu coûteux, le corps de chauffe étant simplement installé en lieu et place de la résistance électrique du chauffe-eau électrique. Toutefois, ces chauffe-eau à gaz connus sont prévus uniquement pour produire de l'eau chaude sanitaire et ne permettent donc pas de produire en même temps de l'eau chaude pour un circuit de chauffage.Known gas water heaters of this type are described in documents IT-1,178,296 and IT-1,182,951. In these known water heaters, the heating body is produced in the form of a bent tube in the shape of an inverted U, the two branches of which pass through the disc-shaped fixing flange, the combustion chamber being formed in one of the two branches of the U and the remaining part of the tube in the shape of an inverted U serving as a channel for evacuating the burnt gases. An advantage of these known water heaters is that the heating body is removable for inspection or replacement, and that the various connections of water, air, gas and smoke can be made on the same face of the water heater, in this case the underside. These Known gas water heaters have the additional advantage of being able to use a standard electric water heater tank, which is produced in large series, therefore inexpensive, the heating body being simply installed in place of the electrical resistance. of the electric water heater. However, these known gas water heaters are provided only for producing domestic hot water and therefore do not make it possible to produce hot water at the same time for a heating circuit.
On connait par ailleurs des chaudières mixtes, qui sont capables de produire à la fois de l'eau chaude sanitaire et de l'eau chaude pour un circuit de chauffage et dont le corps de chauffe traverse complètement, de haut en bas, le réservoir d'eau. Toutefois, ces chaudières mixtes ne permettent pas le démontage du corps de chauffe et les différents raccordements d'air, eau , gaz et fumée ne peuvent se faire sur la même face du réservoir. De plus, ils ne peuvent pas utiliser un réservoir à ouverture unique comme un réservoir de chauffe-eau électrique standard peu coûteux, mais nécessitent un réservoir spécial.We also know of mixed boilers, which are capable of producing both domestic hot water and hot water for a heating circuit and whose heating body passes completely, from top to bottom, the tank d 'water. However, these mixed boilers do not allow the disassembly of the heating body and the various air, water, gas and smoke connections cannot be made on the same face of the tank. In addition, they cannot use a single opening tank as an inexpensive standard electric water heater tank, but require a special tank.
La présente invention a donc pour but de fournir un chauffe-eau à gaz du type défini en préambule, dans lequel le corps de chauffe est fixé au réservoir par une bride unique et qui est capable de produire non seulement de l'eau chaude sanitaire, mais également de l'eau chaude pour un circuit de chauffage.The present invention therefore aims to provide a gas water heater of the type defined in the preamble, in which the heating body is fixed to the tank by a single flange and which is capable of producing not only domestic hot water, but also hot water for a heating circuit.
A cet effet, le chauffe-eau à gaz selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que ledit corps de chauffe contient en outre au moins un premier canal et au moins un second canal qui s'étendent depuis ladite extrémité du corps de chauffe située à l'extérieur du réservoir jusqu'à une extrémité opposée du corps de chauffe située à l'intérieur du réservoir, lesdits premier et second canaux communiquant l'un avec l'autre par un passage formé dans ladite extrémité opposée du corps de chauffe, et communiquant respectivement avec un orifice d'admission d'eau froide et avec un orifice de sortie d'eau chaude qui sont prévus à l'extrémité du corps de chauffe située à l'extérieur du réservoir, et qui sont raccordables à un circuit d'eau de chauffage. Grâce a un tel agencement, le corps de chauffe peut être facilement installé dans un réservoir ayant une ouverture unique, et il peut produire de l'eau chaude sanitaire aussi bien que de l'eau chaude pour un circuit de chauffage D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront mieux au cours de la description qui va suivre d'une forme de réalisation du chauffe-eau a gaz, donnée à titre d'exemple en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels la figure 1 est une vue en partie en élévation latérale et en partie en coupe montrant un chauffe-eau à gaz selon l'invention , la figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale du corps de chauffe du chauffe-eau de la figure 1 , la coupe étant faite suivant la ligne I l-l i de la figure 3 , la figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne i i i-i n de la figure 2To this end, the gas water heater according to the invention is characterized in that said heating body also contains at least a first channel and at least a second channel which extend from said end of the heating body located at the outside of the tank to an opposite end of the heating body situated inside the tank, said first and second channels communicating with each other by a passage formed in said opposite end of the heating body, and communicating respectively with a cold water inlet and a hot water outlet which are provided at the end of the heating body located outside the tank, and which are connectable to a circuit heating water. Thanks to such an arrangement, the heating body can be easily installed in a tank having a single opening, and it can produce domestic hot water as well as hot water for a heating circuit. The advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly during the following description of an embodiment of the gas water heater, given by way of example with reference to the appended drawings in which FIG. 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section showing a gas water heater according to the invention, Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the heater body of the water heater of Figure 1, the section being taken along line I ll i of Figure 3, Figure 3 is a sectional view along line ii ii n of Figure 2
Le chauffe-eau a gaz représenté sur la figure 1 comprend, de façon connue en soi, un réservoir 1 , qui peut être disposé verticalement et dont le fond 1 a est muni d'un premier tube 2 (ENTREE E F S ) et d'un second tube 3 (SORTIE E C S ) Le tube 2 est raccordé ou raccordable, de façon connue, à un tuyau (non montré) lui-même raccordé à un réseau d'alimentation d'eau froide sanitaire (E F S ), tandis que le tube 3 est raccordé ou raccordable, de façon connue, à un autre tuyau (non montré) lui-même raccordé à un réseau domestique de distribution d'eau chaude sanitaire (E C S ) Le fond 1 a du réservoir 1 comporte de façon connue, une ouverture 4 qui, en service, est hermétiquement obturée par une bride 5 faisant partie d'un corps de chauffe 6 Comme montré dans la figure 1 , le corps de chauffe 6 pénètre à l'intérieur du réservoir 1 , a travers l'ouverture 4, sur une distance verticale correspondant à une partie de la hauteur du réservoir, par exemple approximativement les deux tiers de la hauteur du réservoir A l'intérieur du corps de chauffe 6, qui est creux, est logé un brûleur 7 (non montré dans la figure 1 , mais visible dans les figures 2 et 3) Le brûleur 7 est alimenté en gaz combustible par un tube 8 relié à un bloc conventionnel de commande et/ou de régulation de débit de gaz (non montré) lui-même relié à une source de gaz combustible (réseau de distribution de gaz ou réservoir de stockage de gaz combustible) Le brûleur 7 est également alimenté en air par un ventilateur 9 Les gaz brûlés et les fumées sont évacués du corps de chauffe 6 par un orifice d'évacuation 1 1 , qui est situé au dessous de la bride 5 et qui est raccordé par un tuyau 12 à une cheminée, une ventouse ou similaire (non montrée) conduisant les gaz brûlés et les fumées jusque dans l'atmosphère à l'extérieur du bâtiment dans lequel est installe le chauffe-eau L'air envoyé au brûleur 7 par le ventilateur 9 peut être avantageusement préchauffé avant de parvenir au ventilateur 9 A cet effet, l'orifice d'admission 9a du ventilateur 9 peut être raccordé par un tuyau 1 3 (représenté schématiquement sous la forme d'une seule ligne pleine dans la figure 1 ) à une boîte 14 entourant le tuyau 12 à proximité de l'orifice 1 1 d'évacuation des gaz brûlés La boîte 14 est elle-même raccordée à un tuyau 15 qui entoure le tuyau 12 et qui aboutit à une prise d'air frais (non montrée) Ainsi, l'air frais admis par le tuyau 12 se réchauffe progressivement au contact de la surface extérieure chaude du tuyau 12, qui est parcouru en sens inverse par les gaz brûlés, au fur et à mesure qu'il progresse en direction de la boîte 14, et l'air frais ainsi réchauffé est conduit par le tuyau 13 au ventilateur 9 qui le refoule vers le brûleur 7 Le réservoir 1 est placé à l'intérieur d'un carter d'habillage 16 et l'espace compris entre le carter 16 et le réservoir 1 est rempli, de façon connue, d'une matière 17 présentant de bonnes propriétés d'isolation thermique, comme par exemple une mousse de matière plastique, de la laine de verre ou de la lame de roche En service, le réservoir 1 est entièrement rempli d'eau et l'eau est en contact avec la surface extérieure du corps de chauffe 6 Ainsi , lorsque le brûleur est allumé, la chaleur des gaz brûlés est transmise au corps de chauffe qui la transmet à son tour à l'eau contenue dans le réservoir 1 .The gas water heater shown in Figure 1 comprises, in a manner known per se, a tank 1, which can be arranged vertically and whose bottom 1 a is provided with a first tube 2 (INPUT EFS) and a second tube 3 (DHW OUTPUT) Tube 2 is connected or connectable, in a known manner, to a pipe (not shown) itself connected to a sanitary cold water supply network (EFS), while tube 3 is connected or connectable, in a known manner, to another pipe (not shown) which is itself connected to a domestic hot water distribution network (DHW) The bottom 1 a of the tank 1 has, in known manner, an opening 4 which, in service, is hermetically sealed by a flange 5 forming part of a heating body 6 As shown in FIG. 1, the heating body 6 penetrates inside the tank 1, through the opening 4, on a vertical distance corresponding to part of the height of the tank, for example approximate two thirds of the height of the tank Inside the heating body 6, which is hollow, is housed a burner 7 (not shown in FIG. 1, but visible in FIGS. 2 and 3) The burner 7 is supplied with combustible gas by a tube 8 connected to a conventional block for controlling and / or regulating gas flow (not shown) itself connected to a source of combustible gas (gas distribution network or fuel gas storage tank) The burner 7 is also supplied with air by a fan 9 The burnt gases and the fumes are evacuated from the heating body 6 by an evacuation orifice 1 1, which is located below the flange 5 and which is connected by a pipe 12 to a chimney, a suction cup or similar (not shown) leading the burnt gases and the fumes to the atmosphere outside the building in which the water heater is installed The air sent to the burner 7 by the fan 9 can advantageously be preheated before reaching the fan 9 For this purpose, the inlet 9a of the fan 9 can be connected by a pipe 1 3 (shown diagrammatically in the form of a single solid line in FIG. 1) to a box 14 surrounding the pipe 12 near the orifice 1 1 for evacuating the burnt gases The box 14 is itself connected to a pipe 15 which surrounds the pipe 12 and which leads to a fresh air intake (not shown) Thus, the fresh air admitted by the pipe 12 gradually heats up in contact with the hot external surface of the pipe 12, which is traversed in the opposite direction by the burnt gases, as it progresses towards the box 14, and the fresh air thus heated is led by the pipe 13 to the fan 9 which discharges it towards the burner 7 The tank 1 is placed inside a covering casing 16 and the space between the casing 16 and the tank 1 is filled, in known manner, of a material 17 having good insulating properties thermal, such as plastic foam, glass wool or rockblade In service, the tank 1 is completely filled with water and the water is in contact with the external surface of the heating body 6 So when the burner is on, the heat of the burnt gases is transmitted to the heating body which in turn transmits it to the water contained in the tank 1.
Le chauffe-eau décrit jusqu'ici dans ses grandes lignes peut être considéré comme connu. On décrira maintenant ses particularités qui, selon l'invention, résident essentiellement dans la structure du corps de chauffe 6 qui est conçu pour produire également de l'eau chaude pour un circuit de chauffage.The water heater described so far in broad outline can be considered to be known. We will now describe its features which, according to the invention, reside essentially in the structure of the heating body 6 which is designed to also produce hot water for a heating circuit.
Selon un mode préféré de réalisation du corps de chauffe 6, celui-ci a la forme générale d'un cylindre creux à double paroi comme montré dans la figure 2. Il comporte une paroi cylindrique interne 18 et une paroi cylindrique externe 19, avec plusieurs cloisons longitudinales de séparation 21 qui s'étendent radialement entre les parois interne et externe et qui définissent plusieurs canaux longitudinaux, par exemple huit canaux longitudinaux 22a à 22h (figure 3), qui sont répartis circonférentiellement autour de l'axe du cylindre du corps de chauffe 6 et qui, en service, sont parcourus par de l'eau à chauffer d'une manière qui sera décrite en détail plus loin.According to a preferred embodiment of the heating body 6, it has the general shape of a double-walled hollow cylinder as shown in FIG. 2. It has an internal cylindrical wall 18 and an external cylindrical wall 19, with several longitudinal partition walls 21 which extend radially between the inner and outer walls and which define several longitudinal channels, for example eight longitudinal channels 22a at 22h (Figure 3), which are distributed circumferentially around the axis of the cylinder of the body of heater 6 and which, in service, are traversed by water to be heated in a manner which will be described in detail below.
Plusieurs ailettes ou nervures longitudinales 23 font radialement saillie sur la surface intérieure de la paroi interne 18 du corps de chauffe 6 et s'étendent longitudinalement sur au moins une partie de la longueur axiale dudit corps de chauffe, de préférence sur toute la longueur de sa paroi interne 18. Les ailettes 23 ont une première dimension radiale constante dans la partie inférieure du corps de chauffe 6 et une seconde dimension radiale constante, plus petite que la première dimension radiale, dans la partie supérieure restante du corps de chauffe, comme montré dans la figure 2. Dans la partie supérieure du corps de chauffe, là où les ailettes 23 ont leur dimension radiale la plus faible, il est ainsi formé une chambre de combustion 24 dans laquelle se trouve le brûleur 7.Several longitudinal fins or ribs 23 radially protrude from the inner surface of the internal wall 18 of the heating body 6 and extend longitudinally over at least part of the axial length of said heating body, preferably over the entire length of its internal wall 18. The fins 23 have a first constant radial dimension in the lower part of the heating body 6 and a second constant radial dimension, smaller than the first radial dimension, in the remaining upper part of the heating body, as shown in FIG. 2. In the upper part of the heating body, where the fins 23 have their smallest radial dimension, a combustion chamber 24 is thus formed in which the burner 7 is located.
Comme montré, le brûleur 7, de forme cylindrique, peut être par exemple constitué par un brûleur radiant de type connu à faible taux deAs shown, the burner 7, of cylindrical shape, can for example be constituted by a radiant burner of known type with low rate of
NOx. Toutefois, à la place du brûleur radiant, on pourrait également utiliser d'autres types de brûleurs, comme par exemple un brûleur à flamme bleue. Dans la partie inférieure du corps de chauffe 6, la dimension radiale des ailettes 23 peut être par exemple approximativement égale au sixième du diamètre de la surface cylindrique intérieure de la paroi interne 1 8 du corps de chauffe De préférence, les parois 1 8 et 19, les cloisons longitudinales 21 et les ailettes 23 du corps de chauffe 6 sont réalisées d'une seule pièce, constituée par exemple par un profilé filé en un métal léger tel que l'aluminium ou un alliage d'aluminium Dans ce cas, la dimension radiale réduite des ailettes 23 dans la région de la chambre de combustion 24 peut être obtenue en écrêtant les ailettes 23 par exemple par fraisage, sur une longueur correspondant à la longueur de la chambre de combustion 24 En outre, le corps de chauffe 6 peut être recouvert d'un revêtement ou chemisage anti-corrosion, par exemple en émail, « Téflon » ou « Inox » (noms déposés) permettant un bon échange thermique La bride 5 peut être constituée par une collerette annulaire, par exemple en aluminium ou en un alliage d'aluminium, qui est fixée de manière étanche, par exemple par soudage, à la paroi externe 1 9 du corps de chauffe 6, dans la région de son extrémité inférieure située à l'extérieur du réservoir 1NOx. However, instead of the radiant burner, other types of burners could also be used, such as for example a blue flame burner. In the lower part of the heating body 6, the radial dimension of the fins 23 may for example be approximately equal to one sixth of the diameter of the internal cylindrical surface of the internal wall 1 8 of the heating body. Preferably, the walls 1 8 and 19 , the longitudinal partitions 21 and the fins 23 of the heating body 6 are made in one piece, constituted for example by a profile spun from a light metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy In this case, the dimension reduced radial of the fins 23 in the region of the combustion chamber 24 can be obtained by clipping the fins 23 for example by milling, over a length corresponding to the length of the combustion chamber 24 In addition, the heating body 6 can be covered with an anti-corrosion coating or jacket, for example in enamel, "Teflon" or "Stainless steel" (registered names) allowing good heat exchange The flange 5 can be made pa r an annular flange, for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which is tightly fixed, for example by welding, to the external wall 1 9 of the heating body 6, in the region of its lower end situated at outside tank 1
Comme montre dans la figure 2, dans la région de l'extrémité inférieure du corps de chauffe 6, la paroi interne 1 8 de celui-ci peut être plus longue que la paroi externe 19, de telle façon qu'une partie inférieure de la paroi interne 18 fasse axialement saillie vers le bas au delà de l'extrémité inférieure de la paroi externe 1 9 Dans le cas où le corps cylindrique creux à double paroi formant le corps de chauffe 6 est constitué par un profilé filé, ceci peut être obtenu en enlevant par usinage, par exemple par fraisage, une partie inférieure de la paroi externe 1 9As shown in Figure 2, in the region of the lower end of the heater 6, the inner wall 1 8 thereof can be longer than the outer wall 19, so that a lower part of the internal wall 18 projects axially downwards beyond the lower end of the external wall 1 9 In the case where the double-walled hollow cylindrical body forming the heating body 6 is formed by a extruded profile, this can be obtained by removing by machining, for example by milling, a lower part of the outer wall 1 9
Un élément annulaire creux 25 entoure la partie inférieure saillante de la paroi interne 18 du corps de chauffe 6 et est fixé de manière étanche, par exemple par soudage, à l'extrémité inférieure de la paroi interne 18 et à l'extrémité inférieure de la paroi externe 19 comme montré dans la figure 2A hollow annular element 25 surrounds the projecting lower part of the internal wall 18 of the heating body 6 and is fixed in a sealed manner, for example by welding, to the lower end of the internal wall 18 and to the lower end of the outer wall 19 as shown in Figure 2
L'élément annulaire creux 25 forme à la fois un répartiteur d'eau froide et un collecteur d'eau chaude A cet effet, l'élément annulaire creux comporte une chambre répartitπce 26 qui est pourvue d'un orifice d'admission d'eau froide 27 (RETOUR CHAUFFAGE), et une chambre collectrice 28, qui est pourvue d'un orifice de sortie d'eau chaude 29 (DEPART CHAUFFAGE) montré uniquement dans la figure 3 Les orifices 27 et 29 sont destinés à être raccordés de manière classique à un réseau de chauffage non montréThe hollow annular element 25 forms both a cold water distributor and a hot water collector For this purpose, the hollow annular element comprises a distributπce chamber 26 which is provided with a cold water inlet orifice 27 (HEATING RETURN), and a collecting chamber 28, which is provided with a hot water outlet orifice 29 (HEATING START) shown only in Figure 3 Ports 27 and 29 are intended to be conventionally connected to a heating network not shown
Comme montré dans la figure 3, la chambre répartitrice 26 s'étend angulairement sur une partie de la circonférence de l'élément annulaire creux 25 et communique avec un premier groupe de canaux longitudinaux contigus 22a à 22f, à leurs extrémités inférieures, parmi les huit canaux longitudinaux situés entre la paroi interne 18 et la paroi externe 19 du corps de chauffe 6 La chambre collectrice 28, qui est séparée de la chambre répartitrice 26 par des cloisons radiales internes 31 et 32 de l'élément annulaire creux 25, s'étend angulairement sur la partie restante de la circonférence dudit élément annulaire creux et communique avec un second groupe de canaux longitudinaux contigus, c'est à dire les deux canaux restants 22g et 22h, à leurs extrémités inférieures Bien que les premier et second groupes de canaux longitudinaux pourraient comporter le même nombre de canaux, le premier groupe comporte de préférence un plus grand nombre de canaux que le second groupe pour des raisons qui seront expliquées plus loinAs shown in FIG. 3, the distributor chamber 26 extends angularly over part of the circumference of the hollow annular element 25 and communicates with a first group of contiguous longitudinal channels 22a to 22f, at their lower ends, among the eight longitudinal channels located between the internal wall 18 and the external wall 19 of the heating body 6 The collecting chamber 28, which is separated from the distribution chamber 26 by internal radial partitions 31 and 32 of the hollow annular element 25, extends angularly on the remaining part of the circumference of said hollow annular element and communicates with a second group of contiguous longitudinal channels, that is to say the two remaining channels 22g and 22h, at their lower ends Although the first and second groups of longitudinal channels could have the same number of channels, the first group preferably has a greater number of channels than the second group e for reasons which will be explained later
Comme montré dans la figure 2, dans la partie supérieure du corps de chauffe 6, sa paroi interne 18 peut être plus courte que sa paroi externe 19, et deux couvercles 33 et 34 sont fixés de manière étanche, par exemple par soudage, respectivement à l'extrémité supérieure de la paroi interne 18 et à l'extrémité supérieure de la paroi externe 19 II est ainsi défini entre les deux couvercles 33 et 34 un passage 35 qui met le premier groupe de canaux longitudinaux 22a à 22f en communication avec le second groupe de canaux longitudinaux 22g et 22hAs shown in FIG. 2, in the upper part of the heating body 6, its internal wall 18 can be shorter than its external wall 19, and two covers 33 and 34 are fixed in leaktight manner, for example by welding, respectively the upper end of the inner wall 18 and at the upper end of the outer wall 19 It is thus defined between the two covers 33 and 34 a passage 35 which puts the first group of longitudinal channels 22a to 22f in communication with the second group of longitudinal channels 22g and 22h
Ainsi, en service, l'eau froide ou tiède entrant dans la chambre répartitrice 26 à travers l'orifice d'admission 27 se répartit dans les canauxThus, in service, the cold or lukewarm water entering the distributor chamber 26 through the inlet orifice 27 is distributed in the channels
22a à 22f, circule de bas en haut dans ceux-ci, puis dans le passage 35 entre les deux couvercles 33 et 34, puis circule de haut en bas dans les canaux 22g et 22h pour être collectée dans la chambre collectrice 28 d'où elle sort par l'orifice 29. Pendant que l'eau circule dans les canaux 22a à 22h, elle est chauffée par la chaleur produite par le brûleur 7, dont les gaz brûlés sont en contact avec les ailettes 23 de la paroi interne 1 8 du corps de chauffe 6.22a to 22f, flows from bottom to top in these, then in passage 35 between the two covers 33 and 34, then flows from top to bottom in the channels 22g and 22h to be collected in the collecting chamber 28 from which it leaves through the orifice 29. While the water circulates in the channels 22a at 22h, it is heated by the heat produced by the burner 7, the burnt gases are in contact with the fins 23 of the internal wall 18 of the heating body 6.
On notera que les ailettes 23 et les parties de la paroi interne 18 qui sont situées en correspondance avec chacun des canaux 22a à 22h forment des premiers ponts thermiques pour l'échange direct de chaleur entre les gaz brûlés et l'eau contenue dans lesdits canaux. De même, les ailettes 23 et les parties de la paroi interne 18 qui sont situées en correspondance avec les cloisons de séparation 21 entre les canaux 22a à 22h, ainsi que les cloisons 21 elles-mêmes et les parties de la paroi externe 1 9 qui sont situées en correspondance avec lesdites cloisons 21 forment des seconds ponts thermiques pour l'échange direct de chaleur entre les gaz brûlés et l'eau qui est contenue dans le réservoir 1 et qui est en contact avec la surface extérieure de la paroi externe 19 du corps de chauffe 6. Les parties de la paroi externe 1 9 qui sont situées en correspondance avec chacun des canaux 22a à 22h forment des troisièmes ponts thermiques pour l'échange direct de chaleur entre l'eau contenue dans lesdits canaux 22a à 22h et l'eau contenue dans le réservoir 1 . Ainsi, il est possible de chauffer à la fois l'eau du circuit de chauffage, qui circule dans les canaux 22a à 22h, et l'eau sanitaire contenue dans le réservoir 1 avec un bon rendement thermique.It will be noted that the fins 23 and the parts of the internal wall 18 which are located in correspondence with each of the channels 22a to 22h form first thermal bridges for the direct exchange of heat between the burnt gases and the water contained in said channels . Similarly, the fins 23 and the parts of the internal wall 18 which are located in correspondence with the partition walls 21 between the channels 22a at 10 p.m., as well as the partitions 21 themselves and the parts of the external wall 1 9 which are located in correspondence with said partitions 21 form second thermal bridges for the direct exchange of heat between the burnt gases and the water which is contained in the tank 1 and which is in contact with the external surface of the external wall 19 of the heating body 6. The parts of the external wall 1 9 which are located in correspondence with each of the channels 22a at 22h form third thermal bridges for the direct exchange of heat between the water contained in said channels 22a at 22h and l in the tank 1. Thus, it is possible to heat both the water of the heating circuit, which circulates in the channels 22a to 22h, and the sanitary water contained in the tank 1 with good thermal efficiency.
On notera que le passage 35 à l'extrémité supérieure du corps de chauffe 6 constitue un point haut dans le circuit suivi par l'eau à l'intérieur dudit corps de chauffe. En conséquence, il peut arriver que, pendant le remplissage du circuit avec de l'eau lors de la mise en service du chauffe- eau ou pendant que ce dernier est en service, des bulles d'air se rassemblent dans le passage 35 et tendent à y rester. C'est précisément pour éviter cela que les canaux 22g et 22h forment, par leur nombre inférieur à celui des canaux 22a à 22f, une section d'écoulement réduite afin d'obtenir, pour un débit donné, une vitesse suffisante pour que les bulles d'air éventuellement présentes dans le passage 35 soient entraînées par l'eau dans les canaux 22g et 22h et évacuées hors du corps de chauffe 6.It will be noted that the passage 35 at the upper end of the heating body 6 constitutes a high point in the circuit followed by the water inside said heating body. As a result, it may happen that, during the filling of the circuit with water when the water heater is put into service or while it is in service, air bubbles collect in the passage 35 and tend to stay there. It is precisely to avoid this that the channels 22g and 22h form, by their number less than that of the channels 22a to 22f, a reduced flow section in order to obtain, for a given flow rate, a sufficient speed so that the air bubbles possibly present in the passage 35 are entrained by the water in the channels 22g and 22h and evacuated from the heating body 6.
Comme montré dans la figure 2, un collecteur annulaire de gaz brûlés 36 est fixé de manière étanche, par exemple par soudage, à l'extrémité inférieure de la paroi interne 18 du corps de chauffe 6, au dessous de l'élément annulaire creux 25. Le collecteur 36 comporte, dans sa périphérie, l'orifice 1 1 , déjà mentionné plus haut, qui est raccordé au tuyau 12 pour l'évacuation des gaz brûlés. Le collecteur 36 comporte en outre, dans sa partie inférieure, une ouverture axiale 37 qui est obturée de manière étanche aux gaz par une plaque de fermeture amovible 38, fixée au collecteur 36 par des vis indiquées schématiquement en 39 dans la figure 2.As shown in FIG. 2, an annular flue gas collector 36 is tightly fixed, for example by welding, to the lower end of the internal wall 18 of the heating body 6, below the hollow annular element 25 The manifold 36 comprises, in its periphery, the orifice 11, already mentioned above, which is connected to the pipe 12 for the evacuation of the burnt gases. The collector 36 further comprises, in its lower part, an axial opening 37 which is closed in a gas-tight manner by a removable closure plate 38, fixed to the collector 36 by screws indicated diagrammatically at 39 in FIG. 2.
Bien que l'élément annulaire creux 25 et le collecteur 36 pourraient être constitués par des pièces distinctes, ils sont de préférence constitués par une seule pièce, par exemple une pièce de fonderie coulée ou moulée en un métal léger tel que l'aluminium ou un alliage d'aluminium, qui est soudée au corps de chauffe 6, comme montré dans les figures 1 et 2. Au lieu d'être constituée par une collerette annulaire fixée séparément à la paroi externe 19 du corps de chauffe 6, la bride 5 pourrait être réalisée, si on le désire, d'une seule pièce avec l'élément annuaire creux 25 et le collecteur 36. Dans ces conditions, le corps de chauffe 6 forme avec la bride 5, l'élément annulaire creux 25 et le collecteur 36 un premier sous- ensemble qui peut être fixé de manière amovible au réservoir 1 , dans la région de son ouverture 4, au moyen de plusieurs vis 41 représentées de manière schématique dans la figure 2.Although the hollow annular element 25 and the manifold 36 could be constituted by separate parts, they are preferably constituted by a single part, for example a foundry part cast or molded in a light metal such as aluminum or a aluminum alloy, which is welded to the heating body 6, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Instead of being constituted by an annular collar fixed separately to the external wall 19 of the heating body 6, the flange 5 could be produced, if desired, in one piece with the hollow directory element 25 and the manifold 36. Under these conditions, the heating body 6 forms with the flange 5, the hollow annular element 25 and the manifold 36 a first sub-assembly which can be removably attached to the reservoir 1, in the region of its opening 4, by means of several screws 41 shown schematically in FIG. 2.
L'ouverture 37 du collecteur 36 est destinée à permettre la mise en place du brûleur 7 à l'intérieur du corps de chauffe 6.The opening 37 of the manifold 36 is intended to allow the installation of the burner 7 inside the heating body 6.
La plaque de fermeture 38 comporte en son centre un trou à travers lequel passe un tube 42, qui est fixé de manière étanche, par exemple par soudage, dans le trou central de la plaque de fermeture 38. A titre de variante, la plaque 38 et le tube 42 peuvent être formés d'une seule pièce de fonderie Le tube 42 s'étend vers le haut à l'intérieur du corps de chauffe 6, coaxialement à la paroi cylindrique interne 1 8, jusque dans la région inférieure de la chambre de combustion 24 Le brûleur 7 est raccordé a l'extrémité supérieure du tube 42 La partie inférieure du tube 42, qui est située au dessous de la plaque de fermeture 38, est obturée à son extrémité inférieure par un bouchon 43 et elle comporte, sur sa paroi latérale cylindrique, une tubulure d'admission d'air 44, qui est raccordée de manière détachable a l'orifice de refoulement 9b du ventilateur 9 (voir la figure 1 ) Le tube 8, déjà mentionné plus haut, pour l'alimentation du brûleur 7 en gaz, passe de manière étanche a travers un trou central du bouchon 43 et son extrémité supérieure est pourvue d'une buse ou est conformée de manière à former une buse 45 ayant au moins un orifice de sortie pour l'injection de gaz dans le tube 42 La partie du tube 42 située entre la buse 45 du tube 8 et le brûleur 7 sert de chambre de mélange pour l'air et le gazThe closure plate 38 has at its center a hole through which passes a tube 42, which is tightly fixed, for example by welding, in the central hole of the closure plate 38. As a variant, the plate 38 and the tube 42 can be formed in one piece The tube 42 extends upwards inside the heating body 6, coaxial with the internal cylindrical wall 1 8, as far as the lower region of the combustion chamber 24 The burner 7 is connected at the end upper part of the tube 42 The lower part of the tube 42, which is situated below the closure plate 38, is closed at its lower end by a plug 43 and it has, on its cylindrical side wall, an intake manifold air 44, which is detachably connected to the discharge port 9b of the fan 9 (see FIG. 1) The tube 8, already mentioned above, for supplying the burner 7 with gas, passes tightly through a central hole of the plug 43 and its upper end is provided with a nozzle or is shaped so as to form a nozzle 45 having at least one outlet orifice for injecting gas into the tube 42 The part of the tube 42 located between nozzle 45 of t ube 8 and the burner 7 serves as a mixing chamber for air and gas
Un mélangeur statique de type connu (non montré) peut être disposé, si on le désire, dans cette partie du tube 42 afin d'améliorer encore le mélange de l'air et du gaz avant leur admission au brûleur 7A static mixer of known type (not shown) can be placed, if desired, in this part of the tube 42 in order to further improve the mixture of air and gas before their admission to the burner 7
Un manchon 47 en une matière réfractaire, par exemple en céramique, entoure le tube 42 dans sa partie située à l'intérieur du corps de chauffe 6 Un faible jeu radial (non montré) est prévu entre le tube 42 et le manchon 47 et entre ce dernier et la crête des ailettes 23 afin de tenir compte des coefficients de dilatation différents de ces éléments La surface extérieure cylindrique du manchon 47, proche de la crête des ailettes 23, oblige les gaz brûlés produits par le brûleur 7 à passer dans les canaux d'évacuation formés entre les ailettes 23 et à entrer ainsi en contact avec les surfaces latérales des ailettes 23 pour transmettre leur chaleur à celles- ci Bien que l'extrémité inférieure du manchon réfractaire 47 soit représentée dans la figure 2 à peu près au même niveau que l'extrémité inférieure de la paroi interne 1 8 du corps de chauffe 6, le manchon réfractaire 47 pourrait s'étendre vers le bas jusqu'à la plaque de fermeture 38 Dans la figure 2, les numéros de référence 48 et 49 désignent des électrodes pour l'allumage du brûleur 7. Ces électrodes 48 et 49 peuvent être des électrodes d'allumage classiques du type à étincelles ou du type à incandescence. De façon connue, au brûleur 7 peut être également associée une électrode de contrôle de flamme (non montrée). Les électrodes susmentionnées, sont reliées électriquement à une unité classique de commande et de contrôle du chauffe-eau par des conducteurs électriques tels que le conducteur 51 montré dans la figure 2. Le conducteur 51 passe dans une gaine isolante 52, par exemple en stéatite, traversant de manière étanche la plaque de fermeture 38 et passant dans un canal longitudinal formé dans le manchon réfractaire 47.A sleeve 47 made of a refractory material, for example ceramic, surrounds the tube 42 in its part located inside the heating body 6 A slight radial clearance (not shown) is provided between the tube 42 and the sleeve 47 and between the latter and the crest of the fins 23 in order to take account of the different expansion coefficients of these elements The cylindrical outer surface of the sleeve 47, close to the crest of the fins 23, forces the burnt gases produced by the burner 7 to pass through the channels evacuation formed between the fins 23 and thus come into contact with the lateral surfaces of the fins 23 to transmit their heat to them Although the lower end of the refractory sleeve 47 is represented in FIG. 2 roughly at the same level that the lower end of the internal wall 1 8 of the heating body 6, the refractory sleeve 47 could extend down to the closure plate 38 In FIG. 2, the reference numbers 48 and 49 designate electrodes for igniting the burner 7. These electrodes 48 and 49 can be conventional ignition electrodes of the spark type or of the incandescent type. In known manner, the burner 7 can also be associated with a flame control electrode (not shown). The above-mentioned electrodes are electrically connected to a conventional command and control unit for the water heater by electrical conductors such as the conductor 51 shown in FIG. 2. The conductor 51 passes through an insulating sheath 52, for example of soapstone, passing tightly through the closure plate 38 and passing through a longitudinal channel formed in the refractory sleeve 47.
On notera que la plaque 38, le tube 42, le manchon 47, le brûleur 7 et les électrodes associées au brûleur forment un second sous-ensemble qui, en dévissant les vis 39, peut être séparé du premier sous-ensemble formé par les éléments 5, 6, 25 et 36, permettant ainsi une inspection et un nettoyage de l'intérieur du corps de chauffe 6, du brûleur 7 et des électrodes y associées, ainsi que, en cas de besion, un remplacement du brûleur et/ou des électrodes.It will be noted that the plate 38, the tube 42, the sleeve 47, the burner 7 and the electrodes associated with the burner form a second sub-assembly which, by unscrewing the screws 39, can be separated from the first sub-assembly formed by the elements 5, 6, 25 and 36, thus allowing inspection and cleaning of the interior of the heating body 6, of the burner 7 and of the electrodes associated therewith, as well as, if necessary, replacement of the burner and / or electrodes.
Il est bien entendu que le mode de réalisation de la présente invention qui a été décrit ci-dessus a été donné à titre d'exemple purement indicatif et nullement limitatif, et que de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées par l'homme de l'art sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention. C'est ainsi notamment que le chauffe-eau peut être installé de telle sorte que, en service, l'ouverture 4 du réservoir 1 se trouve non pas en bas du réservoir, mais en haut ou sur un côté de celui-ci. En outre, dans la région du passage 35, les parois 18 et 19 peuvent avoir la même longueur ; les couvercles 33 et 34 peuvent avoir une forme et un mode de fixation différents de ceux qui sont montrés dans la figure 2, pourvu qu'un passage soit ménagé entre eux pour mettre les canaux 22a à 22f en communication avec les canaux 22g et 22h.It is understood that the embodiment of the present invention which has been described above has been given by way of purely indicative and in no way limitative example, and that numerous modifications can be made by those skilled in the art. without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, in particular, the water heater can be installed so that, in service, the opening 4 of the tank 1 is not at the bottom of the tank, but at the top or on one side thereof. In addition, in the region of passage 35, the walls 18 and 19 may have the same length; the covers 33 and 34 may have a different form and method of attachment to those shown in FIG. 2, provided that a passage is made between them to put the channels 22a to 22f in communication with the channels 22g and 22h.
D'autre part, la forme et la position du tube d'injection de gaz 8 peuvent être différentes de celles qui sont montrées sur la figure 2 ; par exemple, le tube 8 peut être disposé de manière à injecter le gaz transversalement dans le tube 42 ou dans le raccord 44. En outre, au lieu d'injecter le gaz en aval du ventilateur 9, il peut aussi bien être injecté de façon connue en amont du ventilateur 9. Ainsi que cela est également connu, le ventilateur 9 peut être raccordé non pas en amont du brûleur 7, mais en aval de celui-ci, par exemple entre l'orifice 1 1 et le tube 12 ou à la sortie de ce dernier, de manière à fonctionner en extracteur de fumée. Dans ce dernier cas, la conduite 13 est à raccorder au tube 42. On the other hand, the shape and position of the gas injection tube 8 may be different from those shown in Figure 2; through example, the tube 8 can be arranged so as to inject the gas transversely into the tube 42 or into the connector 44. In addition, instead of injecting the gas downstream of the fan 9, it can also be injected in a known manner upstream of the fan 9. As is also known, the fan 9 can be connected not upstream of the burner 7, but downstream of the latter, for example between the orifice 1 1 and the tube 12 or to the outlet of the latter, so as to function as a smoke extractor. In the latter case, the pipe 13 is to be connected to the tube 42.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Chauffe-eau à gaz, comprenant un réservoir d'eau (1 ) muni d'un tube d'arrivée d'eau froide sanitaire (2) et d'un tube de départ d'eau chaude sanitaire (3), un brûleur à gaz (7), des moyens (8, 9, 42) pour amener un mélange air/gaz combustible au brûleur, et un corps de chauffe (6) creux et de forme allongée, qui est engagé à l'intérieur du réservoir (1 ), à travers une unique ouverture de celui-ci, et qui est muni d'une bride unique (5) au moyen de laquelle il est fixé au réservoir (1 ) et qui obture de manière étanche l'ouverture (4) de celui-ci, ledit corps de chauffe (6) contenant une chambre de combustion (24), dans laquelle est disposé le brûleur (7), et un canal d'évacuation des gaz brûlés reliant ladite chambre de combustion (24) à un orifice (1 1 ) de sortie des gaz brûlés prévu à une extrémité du corps de chauffe (6) située à l'extérieur du réservoir (1 ), caractérisé en ce que ledit corps de chauffe (6) contient en outre au moins un premier canal1. Gas water heater, comprising a water tank (1) provided with a domestic cold water inlet tube (2) and a domestic hot water outlet tube (3), a gas burner (7), means (8, 9, 42) for supplying an air / combustible gas mixture to the burner, and a hollow and elongated heating body (6) which is engaged inside the tank (1), through a single opening thereof, and which is provided with a single flange (5) by means of which it is fixed to the reservoir (1) and which seals the opening (4) thereof, said heating body (6) containing a combustion chamber (24), in which the burner (7) is arranged, and a flue gas discharge channel connecting said combustion chamber (24) to a orifice (1 1) for the outlet of the burnt gases provided at one end of the heating body (6) situated outside the tank (1), characterized in that said heating body (6) also contains at least one pre mier canal
(22c) et au moins un second canal (22h) qui s'étendent depuis ladite extrémité du corps de chauffe (6) située à l'extérieur du réservoir (1 ) jusqu'à une extrémité opposée du corps de chauffe située à l'intérieur du réservoir, lesdits premier et second canaux communiquant l'un avec l'autre par un passage (35) formé dans ladite extrémité opposée du corps de chauffe (6), et communiquant respectivement avec un orifice d'admission d'eau froide (27) et avec un orifice de sortie d'eau chaude (29) qui sont prévus à l'extrémité du corps de chauffe (6) située à l'extérieur du réservoir (1 ) et sont raccordables à un circuit d'eau de chauffage.(22c) and at least one second channel (22h) which extend from said end of the heating body (6) located outside the tank (1) to an opposite end of the heating body located at the inside the tank, said first and second channels communicating with each other by a passage (35) formed in said opposite end of the heating body (6), and communicating respectively with a cold water inlet orifice ( 27) and with a hot water outlet (29) which are provided at the end of the heating body (6) located outside the tank (1) and can be connected to a heating water circuit .
2. Chauffe-eau selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les premier et second canaux sont disposés de telle sorte qu'il soit formé, dans la matière du corps de chauffe (6), des premiers ponts thermiques pour l'échange direct de chaleur entre les gaz brûlés et l'eau contenue dans les premier et second canaux, des seconds ponts thermiques pour l'échange direct de chaleur entre les gaz brûlés et l'eau contenue dans le réservoir (1 ) et des troisièmes ponts thermiques pour l'échange direct de chaleur entre l'eau contenue dans les premier et second canaux et l'eau contenue dans le réservoir.2. Water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second channels are arranged so that there is formed, in the material of the heater body (6), first thermal bridges for direct exchange of heat between the burnt gases and the water contained in the first and second channels, second thermal bridges for the exchange direct heat between the burnt gases and the water contained in the tank (1) and third thermal bridges for the direct exchange of heat between the water contained in the first and second channels and the water contained in the tank.
3. Chauffe-eau selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps de chauffe (6) a la forme générale d'un cylindre creux à double paroi, comportant une paroi cylindrique interne (18) et une paroi cylindrique externe (19), avec plusieurs cloisons longitudinales de séparation (21 ) qui s'étendent radialement entre les parois interne et externe et qui définissent plusieurs canaux longitudinaux (22a à 22h) répartis circonférentiellement autour de l'axe du cylindre du corps de chauffe (6).3. Water heater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating body (6) has the general shape of a double-walled hollow cylinder, comprising an internal cylindrical wall (18) and an external cylindrical wall ( 19), with several longitudinal partition walls (21) which extend radially between the internal and external walls and which define several longitudinal channels (22a to 22h) distributed circumferentially around the axis of the cylinder of the heating body (6) .
4. Chauffe-eau selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément annulaire creux (25) formant un répartiteur d'eau froide et un collecteur d'eau chaude est fixé de manière étanche auxdites parois interne et externe (18 et 19), à l'extrémité du corps de chauffe (6) située à l'extérieur du réservoir (1 ), ledit élément annulaire creux (25) comportant une chambre répartitrice (26) qui s'étend angulairement sur une partie de la circonférence dudit élément annulaire, est pourvue dudit orifice d'admission d'eau froide (27) et communique avec un premier groupe de canaux longitudinaux contigus (22a à 22f) parmi lesdits canaux longitudinaux, à leurs extrémités inférieures, et une chambre collectrice (28) qui s'étend angulairement sur la partie restante de la circonférence de l'élément annulaire creux (25), tout en étant séparée de la chambre répartitrice (26), est pourvue dudit orifice de sortie d'eau chaude (29) et communique avec un second groupe de canaux longitudinaux contigus (22g et 22h) parmi lesdits canaux longitudinaux, à leurs extrémités inférieures.4. Water heater according to claim 3, characterized in that a hollow annular element (25) forming a cold water distributor and a hot water collector is sealingly fixed to said internal and external walls (18 and 19 ), at the end of the heating body (6) situated outside the tank (1), said hollow annular element (25) comprising a distributor chamber (26) which extends angularly over part of the circumference of said annular element, is provided with said cold water inlet orifice (27) and communicates with a first group of contiguous longitudinal channels (22a to 22f) among said longitudinal channels, at their lower ends, and a collecting chamber (28) which extends angularly over the remaining part of the circumference of the hollow annular element (25), while being separated from the distributor chamber (26), is provided with said hot water outlet orifice (29) and communicates with a second group of contiguous longitudinal channels (22g and 22h) among said longitudinal channels, at their lower ends.
5. Chauffe-eau selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, à l'extrémité du corps de chauffe (6) située à l'intérieur du réservoir (1 ), un premier et un second couvercle (33 et 34) sont fixés de manière étanche respectivement à la paroi interne (18) et à la paroi externe (19) du corps de chauffe et définissent entre eux ledit passage (35) qui met les canaux longitudinaux (22a à 22f) du premier groupe en communication avec les canaux longitudinaux (22g et 22h) du deuxième groupe.5. Water heater according to claim 4, characterized in that, at the end of the heating body (6) located inside the tank (1), a first and a second cover (33 and 34) are fixed tightly respectively to the internal wall (18) and to the external wall (19) of the heating body and define between them said passage (35) which puts the longitudinal channels (22a to 22f) of the first group in communication with the longitudinal channels (22g and 22h) from the second group.
6. Chauffe-eau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs ailettes ou nervures longitudinales (23) font radialement saillie sur la surface intérieure de la paroi interne (18) du corps de chauffe (6) et s'étendent longitudinalement sur au moins une partie de la longueur axiale dudit corps de chauffe.6. Water heater according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that several fins or longitudinal ribs (23) protrude radially on the inner surface of the inner wall (18) of the heater body (6) and extend longitudinally over at least part of the axial length of said heating body.
7. Chauffe-eau selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les ailettes ou nervures (23) s'étendent sur toute la longueur de la paroi interne (18) du corps de chauffe (6) et ont une première dimension radiale constante dans une première partie du corps de chauffe (6) qui est adjacente à son extrémité située à l'extérieur du réservoir (1 ), et une seconde dimension radiale constante, plus petite que la première dimension radiale, dans une seconde partie du corps de chauffe qui est adjacente à son extrémité située à l'intérieur du réservoir (1 ), ladite chambre de combustion (24) étant située dans la seconde partie du corps de chauffe, là où les ailettes ou nervures (23) ont ladite seconde dimension radiale.7. Water heater according to claim 6, characterized in that the fins or ribs (23) extend over the entire length of the internal wall (18) of the heater body (6) and have a first constant radial dimension in a first part of the heating body (6) which is adjacent to its end situated outside the tank (1), and a second constant radial dimension, smaller than the first radial dimension, in a second part of the heating body which is adjacent to its end located inside the tank (1), said combustion chamber (24) being located in the second part of the heating body, where the fins or ribs (23) have said second radial dimension.
8. Chauffe-eau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un collecteur de gaz brûlés (36) est fixé de manière étanche à la paroi interne (18) du corps de chauffe (6), à l'extrémité de celui-ci située à l'extérieur du réservoir (1 ), et comporte dans sa périphérie ledit orifice de sortie (1 1 ) pour les gaz brûlés et, dans sa partie inférieure, une ouverture axiale (37) qui est obturée de manière étanche aux gaz par une plaque de fermeture amovible (38). 8. Water heater according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that a burnt gas collector (36) is sealingly fixed to the internal wall (18) of the heating body (6), the end thereof located outside the tank (1), and comprises in its periphery said outlet orifice (1 1) for the burnt gases and, in its lower part, an axial opening (37) which is closed in a gas-tight manner by a removable closing plate (38).
9. Chauffe-eau selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (8, 9, 42) qui amènent le mélange air/gaz combustible au brûleur (7) comprennent un tube (42) qui passe à travers ladite plaque de fermeture (38) et s'étend coaxialement à l'intérieur du corps de chauffe (6) jusqu'à la chambre de combustion (24), où le tube (42) est raccordé au brûleur (7) .9. Water heater according to claim 8, characterized in that the means (8, 9, 42) which bring the air / combustible gas mixture to the burner (7) comprise a tube (42) which passes through said closure plate (38) and extends coaxially inside the heating body (6) to the combustion chamber (24), where the tube (42) is connected to the burner (7).
10. Chauffe-eau selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la partie du premier tube (42) qui est située entre la plaque de fermeture (38) et le brûleur (7), est entourée, sur au moins une partie de sa longueur, par un manchon (47) en une matière réfractaire, dont la surface extérieure cylindrique est proche de la crête des ailettes ou nervures (23).10. Water heater according to claim 9, characterized in that the part of the first tube (42) which is located between the closure plate (38) and the burner (7), is surrounded, on at least part of its length, by a sleeve (47) of a refractory material, the cylindrical outer surface of which is close to the crest of the fins or ribs (23).
1 1. Chauffe-eau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le corps de chauffe (6) est constitué par un profilé filé en un métal léger tel que l'aluminium ou un alliage d'aluminium, et en ce que ledit élément annulaire creux (25) et ledit collecteur de gaz brûlés (36) sont constitués d'une seule pièce de fonderie coulée ou moulée en un métal léger tel que l'aluminium ou un alliage d'aluminium, qui est fixée par soudage au corps de chauffe (6).1 1. Water heater according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the heating body (6) consists of a profile spun from a light metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and in that said hollow annular element (25) and said flue gas collector (36) consist of a single piece of foundry cast or molded from a light metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which is fixed by welding to the heating body (6).
12. Chauffe-eau selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le nombre des canaux longitudinaux (22a à 22f) du premier groupe est plus grand que le nombre des canaux longitudinaux (22g et 22h) du second groupe. 12. Water heater according to claim 4, characterized in that the number of longitudinal channels (22a to 22f) of the first group is greater than the number of longitudinal channels (22g and 22h) of the second group.
EP98950087A 1997-10-07 1998-09-29 Gas water heater Expired - Lifetime EP1021687B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9712464A FR2769355B1 (en) 1997-10-07 1997-10-07 GAS WATER HEATER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DOMESTIC HOT WATER AND HOT WATER FOR A HEATING CIRCUIT
FR9712464 1997-10-07
PCT/EP1998/006158 WO1999018397A1 (en) 1997-10-07 1998-09-29 Mixed gas water heater

Publications (2)

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EP1021687A1 true EP1021687A1 (en) 2000-07-26
EP1021687B1 EP1021687B1 (en) 2002-04-10

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EP98950087A Expired - Lifetime EP1021687B1 (en) 1997-10-07 1998-09-29 Gas water heater

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EP (1) EP1021687B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE216056T1 (en)
AU (1) AU9628698A (en)
DE (1) DE69804836D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2769355B1 (en)
HU (1) HUP0004014A3 (en)
PL (1) PL339702A1 (en)
SK (1) SK4552000A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1999018397A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8903078A (en) * 1989-12-15 1991-07-01 Daalderop Bv HEAT EXCHANGER FOR A HOSPITAL, AND HOSPITAL EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A HEAT EXCHANGER.
DE9116438U1 (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-10-01 Viessmann, Hans, Dr., 3559 Battenberg, De
NL9301274A (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-02-16 Dejatech Bv High-efficiency combination boiler.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9918397A1 *

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AU9628698A (en) 1999-04-27
PL339702A1 (en) 2001-01-02
FR2769355B1 (en) 1999-11-26
ATE216056T1 (en) 2002-04-15
EP1021687B1 (en) 2002-04-10
FR2769355A1 (en) 1999-04-09
WO1999018397A1 (en) 1999-04-15
SK4552000A3 (en) 2000-11-07
DE69804836D1 (en) 2002-05-16
HUP0004014A2 (en) 2001-04-28
HUP0004014A3 (en) 2002-02-28

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