EP1021423A1 - MACROCYCLIC INHIBITORS OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES AND TNF$g(a) SECRETION - Google Patents
MACROCYCLIC INHIBITORS OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES AND TNF$g(a) SECRETIONInfo
- Publication number
- EP1021423A1 EP1021423A1 EP98901696A EP98901696A EP1021423A1 EP 1021423 A1 EP1021423 A1 EP 1021423A1 EP 98901696 A EP98901696 A EP 98901696A EP 98901696 A EP98901696 A EP 98901696A EP 1021423 A1 EP1021423 A1 EP 1021423A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- alkyl
- group
- substituted
- haloalkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 102000002274 Matrix Metalloproteinases Human genes 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 108010000684 Matrix Metalloproteinases Proteins 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 242
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 178
- -1 2-tetrazolyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 127
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 115
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 54
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 50
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 24
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004966 cyanoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910006074 SO2NH2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005724 cycloalkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005083 alkoxyalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzodioxole Chemical group C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000389 2-pyrrolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- IKUMWXFHSNMROL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-thiomorpholin-3-ylsulfonylthiomorpholine Chemical compound C1SCCNC1S(=O)(=O)C1CSCCN1 IKUMWXFHSNMROL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004851 cyclopentylmethyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC1)C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006222 dimethylaminomethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- KIWSYRHAAPLJFJ-DNZSEPECSA-N n-[(e,2z)-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyimino-5-nitrohex-3-enyl]pyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C(C)C(/CC)=C/C(=N/O)/CNC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 KIWSYRHAAPLJFJ-DNZSEPECSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 5
- IWELDVXSEVIIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CNCCN1 IWELDVXSEVIIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002678 macrocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 135
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 129
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 117
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 111
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 84
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 80
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 79
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 63
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 59
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 39
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 36
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 36
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 22
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 20
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- FXNSVEQMUYPYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FXNSVEQMUYPYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 16
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 16
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 16
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 15
- OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC.CCOC(C)=O OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 13
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Substances CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 12
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 12
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WGLUMOCWFMKWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;methanol Chemical compound OC.ClCCl WGLUMOCWFMKWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 10
- YEDUAINPPJYDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybenzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(O)=NC2=C1 YEDUAINPPJYDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- DMAYBPBPEUFIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromobut-1-ene Chemical compound BrCCC=C DMAYBPBPEUFIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 102000000422 Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 108091007196 stromelysin Proteins 0.000 description 8
- UIMBPPIDXFUNIU-QFIPXVFZSA-N (2s)-2-(benzylamino)-3-[4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxyphenyl]propanoic acid Chemical class C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NCC1=CC=CC=C1 UIMBPPIDXFUNIU-QFIPXVFZSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012359 Methanesulfonyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical class NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- YEUYZNNBXLMFCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-methylsulfanylbenzene Chemical compound CSC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 YEUYZNNBXLMFCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KLDLRDSRCMJKGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[chloro-(2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)phosphoryl]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound C1COC(=O)N1P(=O)(Cl)N1CCOC1=O KLDLRDSRCMJKGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- PBGGNZZGJIKBMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N di(propan-2-yl)azanide Chemical compound CC(C)[N-]C(C)C PBGGNZZGJIKBMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- NQMRYBIKMRVZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH3+]C NQMRYBIKMRVZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- LPNANKDXVBMDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromopent-1-ene Chemical group BrCCCC=C LPNANKDXVBMDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940043279 diisopropylamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HJAQLIVSMXUHPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hydroxy-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutylsulfonylamino)acetamide Chemical compound ONC(=O)CNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F HJAQLIVSMXUHPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006798 ring closing metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- DJASZHFLBWUJAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hydroxy-2-[(4-nitrophenyl)methyl-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)sulfonylamino]propanamide Chemical compound FC=1C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1S(=O)(=O)N(C(C)C(=O)NO)CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 DJASZHFLBWUJAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007922 nasal spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940097496 nasal spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012457 nonaqueous media Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMRZSTCPUPJPOJ-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornane Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1C2 UMRZSTCPUPJPOJ-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XYEOALKITRFCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-benzylhydroxylamine Chemical compound NOCC1=CC=CC=C1 XYEOALKITRFCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000668 oral spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041678 oral spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000001245 periodontitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CVXGFPPAIUELDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenacylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH3+]CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CVXGFPPAIUELDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117803 phenethylamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NHKJPPKXDNZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyllithium Chemical compound [Li]C1=CC=CC=C1 NHKJPPKXDNZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001095 phosphatidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940075930 picrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-M picrate anion Chemical compound [O-]C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950010765 pivalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001993 poloxamer 188 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKBMCNHOEMXPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium peroxymonosulfate Chemical compound [K+].OOS([O-])(=O)=O OKBMCNHOEMXPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006337 proteolytic cleavage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010015255 protransforming growth factor alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036303 septic shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([Na])[Si](C)(C)C WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003206 sterilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FRACPXUHUTXLCX-BELIEFIBSA-N tert-butyl N-{1-[(1S)-1-{[(1R,2S)-1-(benzylcarbamoyl)-1-hydroxy-3-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]propan-2-yl]carbamoyl}-2-cyclopropylethyl]-2-oxopyridin-3-yl}carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC1=CC=CN(C1=O)[C@@H](CC2CC2)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]3CCNC3=O)[C@H](C(=O)NCC4=CC=CC=C4)O FRACPXUHUTXLCX-BELIEFIBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1CCCO1 BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004797 therapeutic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WCNFFKHKJLERFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholinyl sulfone group Chemical group N1(CCSCC1)S(=O)(=O)N1CCSCC1 WCNFFKHKJLERFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010072415 tumor necrosis factor precursor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960003732 tyramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036269 ulceration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical class CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
- A61P19/10—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D225/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D225/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D225/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D245/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D245/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D245/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D245/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D245/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D267/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/08—Bridged systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/06—Dipeptides
- C07K5/06139—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being heterocyclic
Definitions
- This invention relates to compounds having activity to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases and TNF ⁇ secretion, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and to a medical method of treatment. More particularly, this invention concerns macrocyclic compounds which inhibit matrix metalloproteinases and TNF ⁇ secretion, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and to a method of inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases and TNF ⁇ secretion.
- MMP's matrix metalloproteinases
- collagenase stromelysin
- gelatinase which are believed to be involved in the tissue destruction which accompanies a large number of disease states varying from arthritis to cancer.
- Typical connective tissue cells are embedded within an extracellular matrix of high molecular weight proteins and glycoproteins.
- healthy tissue there is a continual and delicately- balanced series of processes which include cell division, matrix synthesis, and matrix degradation.
- an imbalance of these three processes can lead to improper tissue restructuring.
- joint mobility can be lost when there is improper remodelling of load-bearing joint cartilage.
- lack of coordination of cell division and the two processes of matrix synthesis and degradation can lead to conversion of transformed cells to invasive phenotypes in which increased matrix turnover permits tumor cells to penetrate basement membranes surrounding capillaries leading to subsequent metastasis.
- Tumor Necrosis Factor ⁇ is a potent proinflammatory mediator which has been implicated in inflammatory conditions including arthritis, asthma, septic shock, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease.
- TNF ⁇ is originally expressed as a membrane- bound protein of about 26 kD, which is proteolytically cleaved to release a soluble 17 kD fragment (TNF ⁇ processing) which combines with two other secreted TNF ⁇ molecules to form a circulating 51 kD homotrimer.
- TNF ⁇ processing a soluble 17 kD fragment
- MMP inhibitors were found to inhibit TNF ⁇ processing (see Mohler, et al., Nature, 1994, 370, 218; Gearing, et al.
- TGF ⁇ Transfoirning growth factor alpha
- EGF epidermal growth factor
- the present invention provides a novel class of macrocyclic inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases and/or TNF ⁇ secretion.
- the present invention provides a macrocyclic compound of formula I
- W is NHOH or OH.
- R 1 and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen or alkyl of one to four carbon atoms.
- R 2 is selected from the group consisting of (a) alkyl of one to ten carbon atoms, (b) alkenyl of two to ten carbon atoms,
- phenyl (h) phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substutuents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R 4 wherein R 4 is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and -CONR R 5 wherein R 4 is defined above and and R 5 is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
- phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to six carbon atoms
- phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to six carbon atoms and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkoxyalkyloxy, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R 4 , -CONR R 5 , phenyl, and phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substutuents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, - CO R 4 , and -CONR 4 R 5
- fluorenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms.
- Y is absent or -O-.
- L 1 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms.
- L 2 is selected from the group consisting of
- D is CH or N
- L 3 is absent or is alkylene of one to four carbon atoms
- R a , R b and R c are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, -SO2R 6 wherein R 6 is alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, -SO2NH2, - CO2R 4 , 2-tetrazolyl, and -CONR 7 R 8 wherein R 7 and R 8 are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, or R 7 and R 8 together with the N atom to which they are attached define a a 5-or 6-membered heterocychc ring selected from the group consisting of morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl. thiomorpholinyl sulfone, pyrrolidinyl, piperaz
- A is absent or is selected from the group consisting of (a) -O-, (b) -NR 9 - wherein R 9 is selected from the group consisting of
- R 10 is independently selected at each occurrence from the group consisting of alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, phenyl, phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, nitro, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -SO2NH2, -CO2R 4 , and -CONR R 5 , phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloal
- V wherein V is O or NOR 4 ,
- J is O or NR 4 ,
- J K wherein J is defined above and K is selected from O and NR 4 , provided that J and K are not simultaneously O,
- L 4 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms
- L 5 is alkylene of one to three carbon atoms
- R 4 is defined above and R 12 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, -COR 10 , -CO2R 10 , and -SO2R 10 ,
- T and V are independently selected from O and S and R a is defined above, (bb) RC wherein R a , R b , and R c are defined above,
- R e wherein R d and R e are independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and (ff)
- R e provided that when A is selected from (aa), (bb), (cc), (dd) and (ff) above, L 2 is alkylene, and further provided that when both Y and A are absent, LI is alkylene of three to six carbon atoms.
- Z is absent or is selected from the group consisting of (a) -CO 2 H, (b) -CO 2 R 10 ,
- R 13 is hydrogen or alkyl of one to six carbon atoms
- R 14 is selected from the group consisting of (1) hydrogen, (2) alkyl of one to six carbon atoms
- aryl wherein the aryl group is selected from (a) phenyl, (b) phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, -C(O)R 4 , -NR R 5 , -CO2R 4 , - SO2R 4 , -SO2NR 4 R 5 , (c) naphthyl, (d) naphthyl substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, -C(O)R 4 , -NR R 5 , -CO2R 4 , - SO 2 R 4 , -SO 2 NR 4
- heteroarylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms and the heteroaryl group is defined above,
- R 15 is selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, and alkoxyalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and
- R x is the side chain of a naturally occurring amino acid
- R 13 and R 14 together with the N atom to which they are attached define a 5-or 6-membered heterocychc ring selected the group consisting of
- R 16 is hydrogen or benzyl
- R 17 is selected from the group consisting of
- phenyl (4) phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, amino. cyano, -NR 4 R 5 , -SO2NR 4 R 5 . -SO2R 4 , -CH2NR 7 R 8 , -CONR 7 R 8 .
- phenyl wherein the phenyl ring may be substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
- R 18 and R 19 are independently selected from the group consisting of
- alkoxyalkyl wherein the alkoxy and alkylene portions are independently of one to six carbon atoms
- the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions which comprise a therapeutically effective amount of compound of formula I in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the present invention provides a method of inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases and/or TNF ⁇ secretion in a host mammal in need of such treatment comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I.
- alkyl refers to a monovalent group derived from a straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon by the removal of a single hydrogen atom.
- Alkyl groups are exemplified by methyl, ethyl, n- and wo-propyl, n-. sec-, iso- and tert-butyl, and the like.
- alkanoyl represents an alkyl group, as defined above, attached to the parent molecular moiety through a carbonyl group. Alkanoyl groups are exemplified by formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butanoyl and the like.
- alkoxy and alkoxyl denote an alkyl group, as defined above, attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen atom.
- Representative alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, and the like.
- alkoxycarbonyl represents an ester group; i.e. an alkoxy group, attached to the parent molecular moiety through a carbonyl group such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, and the like.
- alkenyl refers to monovalent straight or branched chain groups of 2 to 6 carbon atoms containing a carbon-carbon double bond, derived from an alkene by the removal of one hydrogen atom and include, but are not limited to groups such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2- propenyl, 2-methyl- 1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl and the like.
- alkylene denotes a saturated divalent hydrocarbon group derived from a straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon containing by the removal of two hydrogen atoms, for example -CH2-, -CH2CH2-. -CH(CH3)CH2- and the like.
- alkenylene denotes a divalent group derived from a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
- alkynylene refers to a divalent group derived by the removal of two hydrogen atoms from a straight or branched chain acychc hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon- carbon triple bond.
- alkynylene include -CH ⁇ CH-, -CH ⁇ C-CH 2 -, -CH ⁇ CH- CH(CH 3 )- and the like.
- benzyloxy refers to -O-(CH2)-phenyl.
- cycloalkyl refers to a monovalent saturated cyclic hydrocarbon group. Representative cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane and the like. Cycloalkylene denotes a divalent radical derived from a cycloalkane by the removal of two hydrogen atoms.
- (cycloalkyl)alkyl and "(cycloalkenylene)alkyl” refer, respectively, to a cycloalkyl group or cycloalkenylene group as defined above attached to the parent molecular moiety through an alkylene group.
- cyanoalkyl denotes an alkyl group, as defined above, substituted by a cyano group and includes, for example, cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl, cyanopropyl and the like.
- haloalkyl denotes an alkyl group, as defined above, having one, two, or three halogen atoms attached thereto and is exemplified by such groups as chloromethyl, bromoethyl, trifluorornethyl, and the like.
- hydroxy alkyl represents an alkyl group, as defined above, substituted by one to three hydroxyl groups with the proviso that no more than one hydroxy group may be attached to a single carbon atom of the alkyl group.
- phenoxy refers to a phenyl group attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen atom.
- salt By pharmaceutically acceptable salt is meant those salts which are, within the scope of sound medical judgement, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response and the like, and are commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known in the art . For example, S. M Berge, et al. describe pharmaceutically acceptable salts in detail in J.
- the salts can be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds of the invention, or separately by reacting the free base function with a suitable organic acid.
- Representative acid addition salts include acetate, adipate, alginate, ascorbate, aspartate, benzenesulfonate, benzoate, bisulfate, borate, butyrate, camphorate, camphersulfonate, citrate, cyclopentanepropionate, digluconate, dodecylsulfate, ethanesuLfonate, fumarate, glucoheptonate, glycerophosphate, hemisulfate, heptonate, hexanoate, hydrobromide, hydrochloride, hydroiodide, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate, lactobionate, lactate, laurate, lauryl sulfate, malate, maleate, malonate,
- alkali or alkaline earth metal salts include sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the like, as well as nontoxic ammonium, quaternary ammonium, and amine cations, including, but not limited to ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethylamine, and the like.
- ester refers to esters which hydrolyze in vivo and include those that break down readily in the human body to leave the parent compound or a salt thereof.
- Suitable ester groups include, for example, those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable aliphatic carboxylic acids, particularly alkanoic, alkenoic, cycloalkanoic and alkanedioic acids, in which each alkyl or alkenyl moiety advantageously has not more than 6 carbon atoms.
- Examples of particular esters includes formates, acetates, propionates, butyates. acrylates and ethyl succinates.
- prodrugs refers to those prodrugs of the compounds of the present invention which are, within the scope of sound medical judgement, suitable for use in contact with with the tissues of humans and lower animals with undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio, and effective for their intended use, as well as the zwitterionic forms, where possible, of the compounds of the invention.
- prodrug refers to compounds that are rapidly transformed in vivo to yield the parent compound of the above formula, for example by hydrolysis in blood. A thorough discussion is provided in T. Higuchi and V. Stella, Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems, Vol. 14 of the A.C.S. Symposium Series, and in Edward B. Roche, ed., Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Asymmetric centers may exist in the compounds of the present invention.
- the present invention contemplates the various stereoisomers and mixtures thereof.
- Individual stereoisomers of compounds of the present invention are made by synthesis from starting materials containing the chiral centers or by preparation of mixtures of enantiomeric products followed by separation as, for example, by conversion to a mixture of diastereomers followed by separation by recrystallization or chromatographic techniques, or by direct separation of the optical enantiomers on chiral chromatographic columns.
- Starting compounds of particular stereochemistry are either commercially available or are made by the methods detailed below and resolved by techniques well known in the organic chemical arts.
- W and L 2 are defined above, Y is absent or -O-; R 1 and R 3 are H;
- L 1 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms;
- A is selected from the group consisting of (a) -O-, (b) -NR 9 - wherein R 9 is selected from the group consisting of
- R 10 is independently selected at each occurrence from the group consisting of alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, phenyl, phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, nitro, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -SO2NH2, - CO2R 4 , and -CONR 4 R 5 , phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano
- R wherein R d and R e are independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, provided that when A is (f) above, L 2 is alkylene; R 2 is selected from the group consisting of isobutyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentylmethyl, phenyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl, 3- benzyloxypropyl, 4-phenoxybutyl, 4-(4-butylphenoxy)butyl, 4-biphenyloxy, and 2-(4-(4'cyano)biphenyloxy)ethyl; and
- Z is absent or is selected from the group consisting of
- R 13 is hydrogen or alkyl of one to six carbon atoms
- R 14 is selected from the group consisting of
- R 15 is hydrogen
- CH 3 or R 13 and R 14 together with the N atom to which they are attached define a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic ring selected the group consisting of morpholinyl, pyrroUdinyl, piperidinyl, and wherein R 16 is hydrogen or benzyl,
- R 17 is selected from the group consisting of (1) phenyl, (2) phenyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, methanesulfonyl or dimethylaminomethyl,
- More preferred compounds of the present invention have formula II wherein W is -NHOH.
- Still more preferred compounds have formula ⁇ wherein Y, R 1 , R 3 , L 1 and A are defined above; R 2 is selected from isobutyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl; and Z is absent or is selected from the group consisting of -CO2H, -CO2CH3, -CO2benzyl, -CONHCH3, - CON(CH 3 ) 2 ,
- Still yet more preferred compounds have the formula ⁇ wherein W is -NHOH and Z is
- W is NHOH
- L 1 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms
- L 3 is absent or methylene
- A is selected from the group consisting of
- R 2 is selected from isobutyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl;
- Z is is selected from the group consisting of -CONHCH3, -CON(CH3)2,
- the efficacy of the compounds of this invention as matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors was determined by measuring the inhibition of stromelysin.
- the inhibition of stromelysin by the compounds of this invention was determined as follows: Recombinant truncated stromelysin (human sequence) produced in E. coli was prepared by expression and purification of the protein as described by Ye et al., Biochemistry , 1992, 37, 11231-11235.
- the enzyme was assayed by its cleavage of the thiopeptide ester substrate Ac-Pro-Leu-Gly-[2-mercapto-4-methyl-pentanoyl]- Leu-Gly-OEt described by Weingarten and Feder, Anal. Biochem. , 1985, 747, 437-440 (1985), as a substrate of vertebrate collagenase.
- the reported conditions were modified to allow assays to be carried out in a microtiter plate.
- DTNB 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
- the rates of cleavage of the substrate by stromelysin in the presence or absence of inhibitors are measured in a 30 min assay at ambient temperature. Solutions of the compounds in DMSO are prepared, and these are diluted at various concentrations into the assay buffer (50 mM MES/NaOH pH 6.5 with 10 mM CaCl2 and 0.2% Pluronic F-68), which is also used for dilution of the enzyme and substrate.
- the potency of the compounds [IC50] are calculated from the inhibition/inhibitor concentration data.
- the compounds of this invention inhibit stromelysin as shown by the data for representative examples in Table 1.
- the present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions which comprise compounds of the present invention formulated together with one or more non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
- the pharmaceutical compositions may be specially formulated for oral administration in solid or liquid form, for parenteral injection, or for rectal administration.
- compositions of this invention can be administered to humans and other animals orally, rectally, parenterally , intracisternally, intravaginally, intraperitoneally, topically (as by powders, ointments, or drops), bucally. or as an oral or nasal spray.
- parenteral administration refers to modes of administration which include intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intrasternal, subcutaneous and intraarticular injection and infusion.
- Pharmaceutical compositions of this invention for parenteral injection comprise pharmaceutically acceptable sterile aqueous or nonaqueous solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions as well as sterile powders for reconstitution into sterile injectable solutions or dispersions just prior to use.
- aqueous and nonaqueous carriers, diluents, solvents or vehicles examples include water, ethanol, polyols (such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like), and suitable mixtures thereof, vegetable oils (such as olive oil), and injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate.
- polyols such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like
- vegetable oils such as olive oil
- injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate.
- Proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of coating materials such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersions, and by the use of surfactants.
- compositions may also contain adjuvants such as preservative, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, and dispersing agents. Prevention of the action of microorganisms may be ensured by the inclusion of various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, paraben, chlorobutanol, phenol sorbic acid, and the like. It may also be desirable to include isotonic agents such as sugars, sodium chloride, and the like, Prolonged absorption of the injectable pharmaceutical form may be brought about by the inclusion of agents which delay absorption such as aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
- adjuvants such as preservative, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, and dispersing agents.
- the absorption of the drug in order to prolong the effect of the drug, it is desirable to slow the absorption of the drug from subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. This may be accomplished by the use of a liquid suspension of crystalline or amorphous material with poor water solubility. The rate of absorption of the drug then depends upon its rate of dissolution which, in turn, may depend upon crystal size and crystalhne form. Alternatively, delayed absorption of a parenteraUy administered drug form is accompUshed by dissolving or suspending the drug in an oil vehicle.
- Injectable depot forms are made by forming microencapsule matrices of the drug in biodegradable polymers such as polylactide-polyglycolide. Depending upon the ratio of drug to polymer and the nature of the particular polymer employed, the rate of drug release can be controlled. Examples of other biodegradable polymers include poly(orthoesters) and poly(anhydrides) Depot injectable formulations are also prepared by entrapping the drug in liposomes or microemulsions which are compatible with body tissues.
- biodegradable polymers such as polylactide-polyglycolide.
- Depot injectable formulations are also prepared by entrapping the drug in liposomes or microemulsions which are compatible with body tissues.
- the injectable formulations can be sterilized, for example, by filtration through a bacterial- retaining filter, or by incorporating sterilizing agents in the form of sterUe soUd compositions which can be dissolved or dispersed in sterile water or other sterile injectable medium just prior to use.
- Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets, piUs, powders, and granules.
- the active compound is mixed with at least one inert, pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate and/or a) fillers or extenders such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and sUicic acid, b) binders such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, and acacia, c) humectants such as glycerol, d) disintegrating agents such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain sUicates, and sodium carbonate, e) solution retarding agents such as paraffin, f) absorption accelerators such as quaternary ammonium compounds, g) wetting agents such as, for example, cetyl alcohol and glycerol monostearate, h) absorbents such as kaoUn and
- SoUd compositions of a simUar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard-fiUed gelatin capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugar as weU as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols and the like.
- soUd dosage forms of tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings and other coatings weU known in the pharmaceutical formulating art They may optionaUy contain opacifying agents and can also be of a composition that they release the active ingredient(s) only, or preferentially, in a certain part of the intestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner.
- coatings and shells such as enteric coatings and other coatings weU known in the pharmaceutical formulating art
- They may optionaUy contain opacifying agents and can also be of a composition that they release the active ingredient(s) only, or preferentially, in a certain part of the intestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner.
- embedding compositions which can be used include polymeric substances and waxes.
- the active compounds can also be in micro-encapsulated form, if appropriate, with one or more of the above-mentioned excipients.
- Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include pharmaceuticaUy acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups and eUxirs.
- the liquid dosage forms may contain inert dUuents commonly used in the art such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubihzing agents and emulsifiers such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, dimethyl formamide, oils (in particular, cottonseed, groundnut, corn, germ, olive, castor, and sesame oils), glycerol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fatty acid esters of sorbitan, and mixtures thereof.
- inert dUuents commonly used in the art such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubihzing agents and
- the oral compositions can also include adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweetening, flavoring, and perfuming agents.
- adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweetening, flavoring, and perfuming agents.
- Suspensions in addition to the active compounds, may contain suspending agents as, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystaUine cellulose, aluminum metahydroxide, bentonite, agar-agar, and tragacanth, and mixtures thereof.
- Compositions for rectal or vaginal administration are preferably suppositories which can be prepared by mixing the compounds of this invention with suitable non-irritating excipients or carriers such as cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol or a suppository wax which are solid at room temperature but liquid at body temperature and therefore melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity and release the active compound.
- hposomes are generally derived from phospholipids or other lipid substances. Liposomes are formed by mono- or multi-lamellar hydrated hquid crystals that are dispersed in an aqueous medium. Any non-toxic, physiologically acceptable and metabolizable lipid capable of forming liposomes can be used.
- the present compositions in liposome form can contain, in addition to a compound of the present invention, stabiUzers, preservatives, excipients, and the like.
- the preferred lipids are the phosphohpids and the phosphatidyl choUnes (lecithins), both natural and synthetic.
- Dosage forms for topical administration of a compound of this invention include powders, sprays, ointments and inhalants.
- the active compound is mixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceuticaUy acceptable carrier and any needed preservatives, buffers, or propellants which may be required.
- Opthalmic formulations, eye ointments, powders and solutions are also contemplated as being within the scope of this invention.
- Actual dosage levels of active ingredients in the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention may be varied so as to obtain an amount of the active compound(s) that is effective to achieve the desired therapeutic response for a particular patient, compositions, and mode of administration.
- the selected dosage level wUl depend upon the activity of the particular compound, the route of administration, the severity of the condition being treated, and the condition and prior medical history of the patient being treated. However, it is within the skill of the art to start doses of the compound at levels lower than required for to achieve the desired therapeutic effect and to graduaUy increase the dosage until the desired effect is achieved.
- dosage levels of about 1 to about 50, more preferably of about 5 to about 20 mg of active compound per kilogram of body weight per day are administered orally to a mammahan patient.
- the effective daily dose may be divided into multiple doses for purposes of administration, e.g. two to four separate doses per day.
- the compounds of this invention may be prepared by a variety of synthetic routes.
- CycUzation of 4 can be achieved using Mitsunobu conditions (Mitsunobu et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1972, 94. 679).
- Mitsunobu et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1972, 94. 679.
- addition of 4 to a solution of triphenylphosphine and diethylazodicarboxylate gives macrocycle 5.
- Conversion of 5 to the corresponding carboxylic acid 6 is accomplished by acidic removal of the tert-butyl ester with, for example, trifluoroacetic acid or hydrogen chloride in dioxane.
- Preparation of intermediate 2 is accomptished by treating commercially avaUable acid K) with the requisite amine of general formula HNR 13 R 14 using, for example, EDCI»HC1, HOBt, and 7V-methylmorpholine as shown in Scheme 2.
- the resulting amide ⁇ is subjected to acidic removal of the /V-t-butoxycarbonyl nitrogen protecting group using trifluoroacetic acid or hydrogen chloride in dioaxane giving amide 2.
- Amino ketones of the general formula 15_ are prepared by treating acid 12 with ethereal diazomethane to produce methyl ester 13.
- This compound is subsequently reacted with a anion such as R 17 MgX wherein X is Br, Cl or I, or R 17 Li to generate ketone .14.
- a anion such as R 17 MgX wherein X is Br, Cl or I, or R 17 Li to generate ketone .14.
- Acidic removal of the te/ -butyl protecting groups gives amino ketone 15.
- carboxyUc acid 12 can be treated with a carbon anion such as phenylUthium which gives J4 directly.
- Benzimidazole-containing macrocycles are prepared according to Scheme 5.
- o-Amino amide 25 prepared as described in Scheme 1 wherein HNR 13 R 14 is 1 ,2-phenylenediamine, is heated with an acid such as camphor sulfonic acid to generate benzimidazole 26.
- Conversion of this compound to the corresponding carboxyUc acid 27 and hydroxamate 28 is accomphshed by analogy with the sequence shown in Scheme 1.
- Macrocyclic olefins such as 30 are prepared by treating aryl iodide 29 with a suitable palladium catalyst, for instance tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)pallaium (0), and an amine base such as triethylamine and heating in a solvent such as acetonitrile. Olefin 30 is converted to the corresponding acid 31 and hydroxamate 32 according to the sequence outhned in Scheme 1.
- a suitable palladium catalyst for instance tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)pallaium (0)
- an amine base such as triethylamine
- Tryptophan-derived macrocycles are prepared according to Scheme 7.
- Alcohol 3_3_ is converted to a suitable leaving group, for example by reaction with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a tertiary base such as pyridine to give tosylate 24.
- This compound is subjected to phase-transfer alkylation conditions using, for example, potassium hydroxide and benzyltrimethyl ammonium chloride in a mixture of water and methylene chloride.
- the resulting macrocyclic ester 35 is converted to the corresponding acid 3_6 and hydroxamate 37 according to the sequence outhned in Scheme 1.
- /7-Aminophenylalanine-derived compounds of this invention are prepared as outlined in Scheme 8.
- Alcohol 38 . is first converted to its mesylate using methanesulfonyl chloride and a tertiary amine base such as triethylamine. Hydrogenation of this material using 10% palladium on carbon and triethylamine in a solvent such as wo-propanol generates macrocycUc ester 39 directly. Conversion to acid 40 and hydroxamate 41 is accompUshed by the reaction sequence shown in Scheme 1.
- Alcohol 3_8 can also be oxidized to acid 42 using, for example, chromic acid in sulfuric acid. Hydrogenation of the aromatic nitro group is achieved using hydrogen over a paUadium catalyst.
- Lactam formation is completed by treatment with a coupling agent such as bis(2-oxo-3- oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride (BOP-C1) in the presence of a tertiary amine base such as triethylamine giving 43 which is converted to the corresponding acid 44 and hydroxamate 45 as outlined in Scheme 1.
- a coupling agent such as bis(2-oxo-3- oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride (BOP-C1) in the presence of a tertiary amine base such as triethylamine giving 43 which is converted to the corresponding acid 44 and hydroxamate 45 as outlined in Scheme 1.
- Carbamate and urea-derived macrocycles can be prepared according to Scheme 9.
- Alcohol 46 is treated with bromoacetyl bromide in the presence of sodium carbonate.
- the resulting ester 47 is subjected to hydrogenation conditions using, for example 10% paUadium on carbon in the presence of a tertiary amine base such as triethylamine which gives macrocycle 48.
- the tert-butyl ester group of 48 can be converted to acid 49 and to hydroxamate 50 under the conditions illustrated in Scheme 1.
- Alcohol 46 is converted to the corresponding methanesulfonate 5 . by reaction with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine.
- Mesylate 5 is converted to the corresponding methanesulfonate 5 .
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method used to prepare succinate ester 1, except substituting allyl bromide for 4-bromo-l-butene.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method used to prepare succinate ester 1, except substituting 5-bromo-l-pentene for 4-bromo-l-butene.
- the filtrate was concentrated to a small volume and the residue was partitioned between aqueous 1 M sodium carbonate and ether.
- the aqueous phase was extracted with ether.
- the combined ether layers were extracted with aqueous 1 M sodium carbonate.
- the basic solution was treated with charcoal and filtered.
- the filtrate was acidified with 3 M hydrochloric acid. After cooling in an ice bath, the soft sohd was filtered, washed with ice water, and dried over sodium hydroxide to give yji (45 g) as a mixture of isomers which was used without further purification.
- the mixtureof isomers yji was hydrogenated in 600 mL THF over 9 g of 10% paUadium on carbon at 4 atmospheres of hydrogen for 18 hours. After filtration and concentration of the solution, the residue was crystalUzed from hexane to yield 5-(4-tolyl)pentanoic acid (vi ⁇ . 33 g, mp 77-78 °C).
- the desired compound was prepared using Steps 4, 5 and 6 of the preparation of succinate ester 1 , except substituting x for iii and substituting 5-bromo- 1 -pentene for 4-bromo- 1 -butene.
- the desired compound was prepared using step 5 of the procedure for the preparation of succinate ester 4, except substituting TBDMS0(CH2) (10.8g, 34.5mmol), prepared as described by Helquist et al., Tetrahedron Lett., 1985, 26, 5393, for 5-bromo- 1 -pentene.
- the desired compound was prepared by hydroysis of ester xtij, foUowed by conversion of the carboxyUc acid to succinate ester 6 according to steps 3, 4 and 5 of the preparation of succinate ester 4, substituting TBDMS0(CH2)4l, for 5-bromo- 1 -pentene.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare succinate ester 1, except substituting TBDMS0(CH2)4l, for 4-bromo-l-butene.
- the desired compound was prepared in the same manner as succinate ester 5, except replacing acid viii with 6-benzyloxy hexanoic acid.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1E-G, except substituting cyclopropylamine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 270 °C. *H
- the desired compound was prepared using the procedure described for example IE, except substituting 1,2-phenylenediamine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide.
- Step 1 To a -78 °C solution in THF (8 mL) of diisopropylamine (541 mg, 5.35 mmol) was added butylUthium (2 ml, 5 mmol, 2.5M in hexanes) dropwise and the solution was stirred for 15 minutes. A mixture of (R)-wo-butylsuccinic acid tert-butylester (0.5g, 2.17 mmol) in DMPU (1 mL) and THF (3 mL) was added dropwise.
- Step 2 To a -78 °C solution in THF (7 mL) of diisopropylamine (523 mg, 5.17 mmol) was added butylUthium (1.93 ml, 4.83 mmol, 2.5M in hexanes) dropwise and the solution was stirred for 15 minutes. A solution of Sb (611 mg, 2.15 mmol) in THF (8 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was warmed to -20°C and stirred for 15 minutes before being cooled to -78C and quenched with a solution of methanol(356 mg, 11 mmol) in 2 ml THF.
- the desired compound 8d was prepared from 8c by hydroboration/oxidation according to the method of Example IC.
- Example 8E
- the desired compound ⁇ £ was prepared by saponification of 8e using trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane according to the method of Example IF.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 8C-F, except substituting aUyl bromide for 4-bromo-l-butene in Example 8B.
- the desired compound 12a was prepared according to the method of Example 8B, except substituting 6-bromo-l-hexene for 4-bromo-l-butene.
- the crude material was triturated in 5:1 ether/methanol and the sohd coUected by filtration to give 109mg of the (9-benzylhydroxamate.
- This material was dissolved in 75ml of 70:30 THF/MeOH and treated with lOmg of 10% Pd/C under 1 arm of H2 for 2hours.
- the catalyst was filtered off and the solution concentrated to give the desired anti isomer (35mg) as a white solid.
- the desired compound 3a was prepared by coupling of 12a and p-iodo-phenylalanine-N- methylamide hydrochloride using the described above for the preparation of ja.
- reaction mixture was extracted with CH2CI2 (3x), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and the solvent was evaporated.
- the crude product was purified by flash chromatography (30% ethyl acetate-hexanes) to give the desired compound 15a (2.46 g, 56%) as a light brown foam.
- Example 16C The desired compound was prepared by deprotection of 16j
- Example 16C
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1 A-C, F and G, except substituting commerciaUy succinate ester 3. for succinate ester 1, and substituting commerciaUy-available O-benzyl-(L)-proline hydrochloride for 4-(2- aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 250 °C.
- the desired compound was prepared as an off-white solid according to the method of Examples 1 A-E, except substituting succinate ester 3 for succinate ester 1 and omitting 4-(2- aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide and substituting methanol for DMF in Example IE. mp > 250°C.
- the desired compound was prepared as a white sohd according to the method of Example 1 , except substituting succinate ester 3. for succinate ester 1 and substituting dimethylamine hydrochloride for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 250 °C.
- Example 29A l-tert-butyldimethylsUyl-3-bromoindole
- indole 4.0g, 34mmol
- THF 120mL
- nBuLi 2.5M/Hexanes
- TBDMS-Cl 5.8g, 38mmol
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IA, B, C and F, except substituting succinate ester 4 for succinate ester 1, and substituting L-tyrosine N- methylamide hydrochloride for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt, mp >270°C.
- Example 32B The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IA, except substituting succinate ester 5 for succinate ester 1.
- Example 32B Example 32B
- the desired compound was prepared from 32c by ring closure, hydrolysis of the tert-butyl ester, conversion to the hydroxamic acid and debenzylation according to the method of Examples IC, F, G and D.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IA, except substituting succinate ester 6 for succinate ester 1, and substituting L-tyrosine N-methylamide hydrochloride for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt.
- the desired compound was prepared from 33e by desUylation according to the method of
- Example 32D followed by ring closure and saponification of the tert-butyl ester according to the method of Examples IC and F. mp 193-195°C.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 8A, C and D except substituting N- ⁇ -t-BOC-N- ⁇ -Cbz-L-lysine for BOC-L-tyrosine in Example 8A and substituting succinate ester 2 for 8b.
- the desired compound was prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of 35b (methanol, palladium hydroxide on carbon, 1 atm. H2) for 3 days.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 18, except substituting 35c for the compound of Example 17.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 19, except substituting the compound of Example 35 for the compound of Example 18.
- the desired compound was prepared by hydrogenation of 37a (methanol, 10% paUadium on carbon, 1 atm H2) for 3 days.
- reaction mixture was dUuted with 40ml water and extracted 1 X 400ml with ether.
- the organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and the filtrate concenttated to a yeUow solid which was purified using flash chromatography eluting with 30% EtOAc/CH2Cl2 to give a white sohd (166mg, 33% yield).
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IE, F and G, except substituting 38b for If and substituting N,N-dimethylethylenediamine for 4-(2- aminoethyDbenzenesulphonamide. mp >250 °C.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IE, except substituting methylamine hydrochloride for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 1 A, except substituting succinate ester 3 for succintate ester 1, and substituting 41c for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1 A-C, F and G, except substituting tyramine for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt, mp > 270 °C.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 40 A, except substituting 4-bromo-tert-butyl benzene for 4-bromothioanisole.
- the desired compound is prepared by coupUng of 43a and 7, and deprotection using tettabutylammonium fluoride according to the method of Examples 32B and C.
- the desired compound was prepared by ring closure according to the method of Example 8E, foUowed by saponification of the tert-butyl ester and conversion to the hydroxamate according to the method of Examples IF and G, except substituting 43c for lc. mp 220-221°C.
- the desired compound was prepared as a white foam according to the method of Examples IE and F, except substituting piperidine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide, substituting 32a for le and substituting methanol for DMF in Example IE.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IE and F, except subsituting 38b for le, and substituting 2-aminothiazole for 4-(2- aminoethyDbenzenesulphonamide.
- l H NMR 300 MHz, DMSO-d6) ⁇ -0.34-(-0.20) (m, IH), 0.60-0.74 (m, IH), 0.81-0.97 (m, 2H), 1.13-1.25 (m, 2H), 1.36-1.45 (m, 2H), 1.55-1.67 (m, 2H), 1.90-2.01 (m.
- the desired compound was prepared as a white sohd according to the method of Examples IF and G, except substituting 48a for If. mp 242-244 °C (dec). l H NMR (DMSO-D6) ⁇ -0.118
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 48, except substituting p-toluenesuifonyl chloride for methanesulfonyl chloride, mp: 235-237 °C (dec).
- Example 50E The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IB, except substituting 50c for _lb.
- Example 50E
- the desired compound was prepared by following the procedures described in Examples 1A-C and IF starting with succinate ester 7 and ketone 14b.
- the desired compound was prepared by according to the method of Example IG, except substituting acid 52_for la. *H NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) ⁇ 10.1 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH), 7.92- 7.85 (m, 3H), 7.52-7.47 (m, IH), 7.39-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.27-7.24 (m, IH), 7.09-7.06 (m, IH), 6.82-6.74 (m, IH), 3.95-3.90 (m, IH), 3.00-2.92 (m, IH), 2.72-2.64 (m, IH), 1.88-1.80 (m, IH), 1.59-1.52 (m, 3H), 0.94-0.47 (bm, 5H), 0.46-0.23 (mm, 6H), (-)0.55-(-)0.57 (m, IH).
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 40A except substituting 4-bromo- l,2-(methylenedioxy)benzene for 4-bromothioanisole.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 40A, except substituting 4-bromofluorobenze for 4-bromothioanisole.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of example 40A except substituting
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 40A, except substituting 4-benzyloxymethyl bromobenzene for 4-bromothioanisole.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples IA, couphng succinate 5 with ketone 60 A, followed by deprotection of the silyl ether as in Example 32B and subsequent cyclization as in Example IC. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 720 (M+H).
- ester 60b (0.050 g, 7.0 x IO- 2 mmol) in 4: 1 CH3CN/H2O (5 mL) was treated with eerie ammonium nitrate (0.19 g, 3.5 x 10" 1 mmol) and stirred and 1.5 h. The solution was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water, the organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and concenttated to a soUd. The solid was purified on sUica gel with 25% ethyl acetate/hexane ramped to 60% to provide 0.01 g(26%) of 60c.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples IF, except substituting 60c for If.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples 1A-C, coupling succinate 1 with ketone 60A, followed by deprotection of the benzyl ether as in Example 60C.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples IF-G, substituting ester 6Q_c for If.
- Example 62B The desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples 1 A, coupUng succinate 9 with ketone 14b, followed by deprotection of the silyl ether as in Example 32B and subsequent cychzation as in Example IC.
- Example 62B
- Example IG The desired compound was prepared by according to the method of Example IG, except substituting Example 62 62 for fa.
- the desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 62-63, except substituting 3,5-dimethoxy-bromobenzene for 3,4,5-ttimethoxy-bromobenzene in Example 62B.
- Example 67c (1.67 g, 3.65 mmole) in THF (40 mL) at -78 °C was treated with phenyllithium (1.8 M in Et2 ⁇ and cyclohexane, 7.0 mL, 36.6 g, 1.08 mole). The mixture was warmed to -15 °C, stirred for 2 hours, and then quenched with saturated ammonium chloride. The mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and brine, the aqueous layer was separated and exttacted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic exttacts (100 mL) were dried (MgSO4), and concenttated to an oil.
- the desired compound 67e was prepared according to the methods of Examples 1 A, coupling succinate 9 with ketone 67d.
- Example 67e A mixture of Example 67e (0.46 g, 0.608 mmol), P(o-tol)3 (37.0 mg, 0.122 mmol),
- the desired compound was prepared according to the previous methods. Deprotecion of the sUyl ether as in Example 32B and subsequent cyclization as in Example 17 A-B.
- Example 67g (65.3 mg, 0.099 mole) hi CH2CI2 (4 mL) at 0 °C was treated with pyridine (0.032 mL, 0.39 mmol) followed by (0.018 mL, 0.24 mol), warmed to room temperature for 7 hours. The mixture was poured into CH2CI2 and washed with brine and saturated aqueous NaHCO3. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and concentrated to give 73 mg of 67h as an oU.
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Abstract
Macrocyclic compounds of formula (I) are potent inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase and are useful in the treatment of diseases in which matrix metalloproteinase play a role. Also disclosed are matrix metalloproteinase inhibiting compositions and a method of inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase in a mammal.
Description
Macrocyclic Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinases and TNFα Secretion
Technical Field This invention relates to compounds having activity to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases and TNFα secretion, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and to a medical method of treatment. More particularly, this invention concerns macrocyclic compounds which inhibit matrix metalloproteinases and TNFα secretion, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and to a method of inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases and TNFα secretion.
Background of the Invention
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP's) are a class of extracellular enzymes including collagenase, stromelysin, and gelatinase which are believed to be involved in the tissue destruction which accompanies a large number of disease states varying from arthritis to cancer.
Typical connective tissue cells are embedded within an extracellular matrix of high molecular weight proteins and glycoproteins. In healthy tissue, there is a continual and delicately- balanced series of processes which include cell division, matrix synthesis, and matrix degradation. In certain pathological conditions, an imbalance of these three processes can lead to improper tissue restructuring. For example, in arthritis, joint mobility can be lost when there is improper remodelling of load-bearing joint cartilage. In the case of cancer, lack of coordination of cell division and the two processes of matrix synthesis and degradation can lead to conversion of transformed cells to invasive phenotypes in which increased matrix turnover permits tumor cells to penetrate basement membranes surrounding capillaries leading to subsequent metastasis.
There has been hightened interest in discovering therapeutic agents which bind to and inhibit MMP's. The discovery of new therapeutic agents possessing this activity will lead to new drugs having a novel mechanism of action for combatting disease states involving tissue degenerative processes including, for example, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteopenias such as osteoporosis, periodontitis, gingivitis, corneal, epidermal or gastric ulceration, and tumor growth and metastasis or invasion.
Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) is a potent proinflammatory mediator which has been implicated in inflammatory conditions including arthritis, asthma, septic shock, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease. TNFα is originally expressed as a membrane- bound protein of about 26 kD, which is proteolytically cleaved to release a soluble 17 kD fragment (TNFα processing) which combines with two other secreted TNFα molecules to form a circulating 51 kD homotrimer. Recently, several MMP inhibitors were found to inhibit
TNFα processing (see Mohler, et al., Nature, 1994, 370, 218; Gearing, et al. Nature, 1994, 370, 555; and McGeehan, et al., Nature, 1994, 370, 558), leading to the hypothesis that TNFα processing is caused by an as yet uncharacterized metalloproteinase residing in the plasma membrane of cells producing TNFα. Inhibitors of this metalloproteinase would therefore be useful as therapeutics to treat disease states involving TNFα secretion.
Transfoirning growth factor alpha (TGFα) is a potent mitogen which ellicites its biological activity by binding to cell surface receptors, in particular epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. It is known to promote angiogenesis and to stimulate epithelial cell migration and therefore has been implicated in a number of malignant disorders such as breast cancer and ovarian carcinoma. TGFα is produced by proteolytic cleavage of a 160 amino acid membrane bound precursor.
Several cleavage sites have been identified including Ala38-Val39, similar to the cleavage site of proTNFα (Ala-76-Val77). This common cleavage site suggests that inhibitors of TNFα processing may also block the cleavage of proTGFα and therefore would be therapeutically useful in diseases mediated by TGFα.
Summary of the Invention The present invention provides a novel class of macrocyclic inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases and/or TNFα secretion. In its principle embodiment, the present invention provides a macrocyclic compound of formula I
I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof wherein
W is NHOH or OH.
R1 and R3 are independently selected from hydrogen or alkyl of one to four carbon atoms.
R2 is selected from the group consisting of (a) alkyl of one to ten carbon atoms, (b) alkenyl of two to ten carbon atoms,
(c) cycloalkyl of three to eight carbon atoms,
(d) (cycloalkyl)alkyl wherein the cycloalkyl portion is of three to eight carbon atoms, and the alklene portion is of one to six carbon atoms,
(e) cycloalkenylene of five to eight carbon atoms,
(f) (cycloalkenylene)alkyl wherein the cycloalkenylene portion is of five to eight carbon atoms, and the alklene portion is of one to six carbon atoms,
(g) phenyl, (h) phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substutuents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R4 wherein R4 is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and -CONR R5 wherein R4 is defined above and and R5 is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(i) phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to six carbon atoms, (j) phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to six carbon atoms and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkoxyalkyloxy, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R4, -CONR R5, phenyl, and phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substutuents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, - CO R4, and -CONR4R5, (k) -(CH2)m-T-(CH2)n-R6 wherein m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, T is O or S, and R6 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, phenyl, and phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R4, -CONR4R5, phenyl, and phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substutuents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R4, and - CONR R5, and
(1) fluorenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms. Y is absent or -O-. L1 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms. L2 is selected from the group consisting of
(a) alkylene of one to six carbon atoms, and
wherein D is CH or N, L3 is absent or is alkylene of one to four carbon atoms, and Ra, Rb and Rc are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl of one to four
carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, -SO2R6 wherein R6 is alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, -SO2NH2, - CO2R4, 2-tetrazolyl, and -CONR7R8 wherein R7 and R8 are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, or R7 and R8 together with the N atom to which they are attached define a a 5-or 6-membered heterocychc ring selected from the group consisting of morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl. thiomorpholinyl sulfone, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, and 3-ketopiperazinyl.
A is absent or is selected from the group consisting of (a) -O-, (b) -NR9- wherein R9 is selected from the group consisting of
(1) hydrogen,
(2) alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(3) -CO2R10 wherein R10 is independently selected at each occurrence from the group consisting of alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, phenyl, phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, nitro, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -SO2NH2, -CO2R4, and -CONR R5, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -SO2NH2, -CO2R4, and -CONR4R5, heteroarylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, and the heteroaryl group is selected from furyl, pyridyl, thienyl, benzimidazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, and benzothiazolyl wherein the heteroaryl group is unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, (4) -CONR7R8, (5) -COR1*), and (6) -SO2R10,
(c) -S(O)n- wherein n is 0, 1, or 2,
(d) -S-S- (e) -CH=CH-, ( )
V wherein V is O or NOR4,
wherein J is O or NR4,
0) o
J K wherein J is defined above and K is selected from O and NR4, provided that J and K are not simultaneously O,
wherein L4 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms,
, wherein L5 is alkylene of one to three carbon atoms,
wherein R4 is defined above and R12 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, -COR10, -CO2R10, and -SO2R10,
(w) -J'-L4-K'- wherein J' and K' are independently selected from O and NR12, (x) -NR4SO2-,
(y) -SO2NR4-,
(z) -NR4SO2NR5-,
(aa)
wherein T and V are independently selected from O and S and Ra is defined above, (bb)
RC wherein Ra, Rb, and Rc are defined above,
Re , wherein Rd and Re are independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and (ff)
Rd
Re , provided that when A is selected from (aa), (bb), (cc), (dd) and (ff) above, L2 is alkylene, and further provided that when both Y and A are absent, LI is alkylene of three to six carbon atoms.
Z is absent or is selected from the group consisting of (a) -CO2H, (b) -CO2R10,
NR13R14 wherein R13 is hydrogen or alkyl of one to six carbon atoms, and R14 is selected from the group consisting of (1) hydrogen,
(2) alkyl of one to six carbon atoms,
(3) cycloalkyl of three to eight carbon atoms,
(4) (cycloalkyl)alkyl wherein the cycloalkyl portion is of three to eight carbon atoms and the alkyl portion is of one to four carbon atoms, (5) cycloalkenyl of five to eight carbon atoms,
(6) (cycloalkenyl)alkyl wherein the cycloalkenyl portion is of five to eight carbon atoms and the alkyl portion is of one to four carbon atoms,
(7) -SO2R10,
(8) -CH2CH2M(L3M)p-R4 wherein p is 1, 2 or 3, L3 is alkylene of from one to four carbon atoms and M is selected at each occurrence from O and S,
(9) -L4-(NR4L4)q-NR7R8 wherein q is 0, 1 or 2,
(10) -L -(NR4L )q-NR SO2NR7R°\
(11) aryl wherein the aryl group is selected from (a) phenyl, (b) phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, -C(O)R4, -NR R5, -CO2R4, - SO2R4, -SO2NR4R5, (c) naphthyl, (d) naphthyl substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, -C(O)R4, -NR R5, -CO2R4, - SO2R4, -SO2NR4R5, (12) heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of (a) pyridyl, (b) thiazolyl, (c) furyl, (d) thienyl, (e) pyrrolyl, (f) tetrahydrofuryl, (g) imidazolyl, (h) phenylthiazolyl, (i) benzothiazolyl, (j) benzimidazolyl, (k) pyrazinyl, (1) pyrimidyl, (m) quinolyl, (n) piperazinyl, and (o) indolyl wherein the heteroaryl group is unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(13) arylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms and the aryl group is defined above,
(14) heteroarylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms and the heteroaryl group is defined above,
(15)
(16)
wherein R15 is selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, and alkoxyalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and
(17)
wherein Rx is the side chain of a naturally occurring amino acid,
or R13 and R14, together with the N atom to which they are attached define a 5-or 6-membered heterocychc ring selected the group consisting of
(1) morpholinyl,
(2) thiomorpholinyl,
(3) thiomorpholinyl sulfone, (4) pyrrolidinyl,
(5) piperazinyl,
(6) piperidinyl,
(7) 3-ketopiperazinyl, and (8)
wherein R16 is hydrogen or benzyl, and
(d)
V
R wherein V is defined above and R17 is selected from the group
consisting of
(1 ) alkyl of one to six carbon atoms,
(2) carboxyalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of two to six carbon atoms,
(3) phenyl, (4) phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, amino. cyano, -NR4R5, -SO2NR4R5. -SO2R4, -CH2NR7R8, -CONR7R8. -CO2R4, and phenyl, wherein the phenyl ring may be substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(5) 1,3-benzodioxole,
(6) indolyl,
(7) indolyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, -SO2NR4R5, -CO2R10, and phenyl, wherein the phenyl ring may be substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms,
(8) pyrrolyl,
(9) pyrrolyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, (lθ) imidazolyl,
(11) imidazolyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, provided that in (6)-(l 1) above, when the heterocycle is attached at a carbon atom, the N atom may bear a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkyl of one to six carbon atoms -CONR7R8, -SO2NR7R8 and -SO2R10,
(12) pyridyl, (13) pyridyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(14) thienyl,
(15) thienyl substituted with halogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(16) thiazolyl, (17) thiazolyl substituted with halogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(18) oxazolyl,
(19) oxazolyl substituted with halogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, (20) furyl,
(21) furyl substituted with halogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms.
(22) benzofuryl,
(23) benzofuryl substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(24) benzothiazolyl, (25) benzothiazolyl substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(26) benzimidazolyl and
(27) benzimidazolyl substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
wherein R18 and R19 are independently selected from the group consisting of
(1 ) alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(2) halogen, (3) haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(4) alkoxyalkyl wherein the alkoxy and alkylene portions are independently of one to six carbon atoms,
(5) alkanoyl of one to six carbon atoms,
(6) -CH(OH)R4, (7) -CONR R5,
(8) -CO2R4,
(9) phenyl,
(10) phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, hydroxy, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, amino, cyano, -SO2NR4R5, -SO2R4, -CH2NR4R5, -CONR4R5, and -CO2R4 or R18 and R19 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached define a fused 5-7 membered carbocyclic aryl or heterocychc aryl ring wherein the ring may be substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms or haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms.
In another aspect, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions which comprise a therapeutically effective amount of compound of formula I in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method of inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases and/or TNFα secretion in a host mammal in need of such treatment comprising
administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I.
Detailed Description As used throughout this specification and the appended claims, the following terms have the meanings specified.
The term alkyl refers to a monovalent group derived from a straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon by the removal of a single hydrogen atom. Alkyl groups are exemplified by methyl, ethyl, n- and wo-propyl, n-. sec-, iso- and tert-butyl, and the like. The term "alkanoyl" represents an alkyl group, as defined above, attached to the parent molecular moiety through a carbonyl group. Alkanoyl groups are exemplified by formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butanoyl and the like.
The terms alkoxy and alkoxyl denote an alkyl group, as defined above, attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen atom. Representative alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, and the like.
The term "alkoxycarbonyl" represents an ester group; i.e. an alkoxy group, attached to the parent molecular moiety through a carbonyl group such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, and the like.
The term alkenyl as used herein refer to monovalent straight or branched chain groups of 2 to 6 carbon atoms containing a carbon-carbon double bond, derived from an alkene by the removal of one hydrogen atom and include, but are not limited to groups such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2- propenyl, 2-methyl- 1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl and the like.
The term alkylene denotes a saturated divalent hydrocarbon group derived from a straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon containing by the removal of two hydrogen atoms, for example -CH2-, -CH2CH2-. -CH(CH3)CH2- and the like.
The term alkenylene denotes a divalent group derived from a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Examples of alkenylene include - CH=CH-, -CH2CH=CH-, -C(CH3)=CH-, -CH2CH=CHCH2-, and the like.
The terms alkynylene refers to a divalent group derived by the removal of two hydrogen atoms from a straight or branched chain acychc hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon- carbon triple bond. Examples of alkynylene include -CH≡CH-, -CH≡C-CH2-, -CH≡CH- CH(CH3)- and the like.
The term "benzyloxy" as used herein refers to -O-(CH2)-phenyl. The term cycloalkyl as used herein refers to a monovalent saturated cyclic hydrocarbon group. Representative cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane and the like.
Cycloalkylene denotes a divalent radical derived from a cycloalkane by the removal of two hydrogen atoms.
The terms "(cycloalkyl)alkyl" and "(cycloalkenylene)alkyl" refer, respectively, to a cycloalkyl group or cycloalkenylene group as defined above attached to the parent molecular moiety through an alkylene group.
The term cyanoalkyl denotes an alkyl group, as defined above, substituted by a cyano group and includes, for example, cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl, cyanopropyl and the like.
The term haloalkyl denotes an alkyl group, as defined above, having one, two, or three halogen atoms attached thereto and is exemplified by such groups as chloromethyl, bromoethyl, trifluorornethyl, and the like.
The term "hydroxy alkyl" represents an alkyl group, as defined above, substituted by one to three hydroxyl groups with the proviso that no more than one hydroxy group may be attached to a single carbon atom of the alkyl group.
The term "phenoxy" refers to a phenyl group attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen atom.
By pharmaceutically acceptable salt is meant those salts which are, within the scope of sound medical judgement, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response and the like, and are commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known in the art . For example, S. M Berge, et al. describe pharmaceutically acceptable salts in detail in J.
Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1977, 66:1 - 19 . The salts can be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds of the invention, or separately by reacting the free base function with a suitable organic acid. Representative acid addition salts include acetate, adipate, alginate, ascorbate, aspartate, benzenesulfonate, benzoate, bisulfate, borate, butyrate, camphorate, camphersulfonate, citrate, cyclopentanepropionate, digluconate, dodecylsulfate, ethanesuLfonate, fumarate, glucoheptonate, glycerophosphate, hemisulfate, heptonate, hexanoate, hydrobromide, hydrochloride, hydroiodide, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate, lactobionate, lactate, laurate, lauryl sulfate, malate, maleate, malonate, methanesulfonate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, nitrate, oleate, oxalate, palmitate, pamoate, pectinate, persulfate, 3-phenylpropionate, phosphate, picrate, pivalate, propionate, stearate, succinate, sulfate, tartrate, thiocyanate, toluenesulfonate, undecanoate, valerate salts, and the like. Representative alkali or alkaline earth metal salts include sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the like, as well as nontoxic ammonium, quaternary ammonium, and amine cations, including, but not limited to ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethylamine, and the like.
As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable ester" refers to esters which hydrolyze in vivo and include those that break down readily in the human body to leave the parent
compound or a salt thereof. Suitable ester groups include, for example, those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable aliphatic carboxylic acids, particularly alkanoic, alkenoic, cycloalkanoic and alkanedioic acids, in which each alkyl or alkenyl moiety advantageously has not more than 6 carbon atoms. Examples of particular esters includes formates, acetates, propionates, butyates. acrylates and ethyl succinates.
The term "pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs" as used herein refers to those prodrugs of the compounds of the present invention which are, within the scope of sound medical judgement, suitable for use in contact with with the tissues of humans and lower animals with undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio, and effective for their intended use, as well as the zwitterionic forms, where possible, of the compounds of the invention. The term "prodrug" refers to compounds that are rapidly transformed in vivo to yield the parent compound of the above formula, for example by hydrolysis in blood. A thorough discussion is provided in T. Higuchi and V. Stella, Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems, Vol. 14 of the A.C.S. Symposium Series, and in Edward B. Roche, ed., Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Asymmetric centers may exist in the compounds of the present invention. The present invention contemplates the various stereoisomers and mixtures thereof. Individual stereoisomers of compounds of the present invention are made by synthesis from starting materials containing the chiral centers or by preparation of mixtures of enantiomeric products followed by separation as, for example, by conversion to a mixture of diastereomers followed by separation by recrystallization or chromatographic techniques, or by direct separation of the optical enantiomers on chiral chromatographic columns. Starting compounds of particular stereochemistry are either commercially available or are made by the methods detailed below and resolved by techniques well known in the organic chemical arts.
Preferred Embodiments Preferred compounds of the present invention have formula II
II wherein W and L2 are defined above, Y is absent or -O-;
R1 and R3 are H;
L1 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms; A is selected from the group consisting of (a) -O-, (b) -NR9- wherein R9 is selected from the group consisting of
(1) hydrogen,
(2) alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(3) -CO2R10 wherein R10 is independently selected at each occurrence from the group consisting of alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, phenyl, phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, nitro, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -SO2NH2, - CO2R4, and -CONR4R5, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -SO2NH2, -CO2R4, and -CONR4R5, and
(4) -SO2R10,
(c) -CH=CH-,
R , wherein Rd and Re are independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, provided that when A is (f) above, L2 is alkylene;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of isobutyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentylmethyl, phenyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl, 3- benzyloxypropyl, 4-phenoxybutyl, 4-(4-butylphenoxy)butyl, 4-biphenyloxy, and 2-(4-(4'cyano)biphenyloxy)ethyl; and
Z is absent or is selected from the group consisting of
(a) -CO2H,
(b) -CO2R10, (c)
A, NR wherein R13 is hydrogen or alkyl of one to six carbon atoms, and R14 is selected from the group consisting of
(1) hydrogen,
(2) alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(3) 2-phenylethyl,
(4) 2-(4-aminosulfonyl)phenylethyl, (5) cyclopropyl,
(6) phenyl,
(7) phenylsulfonyl,
(8) 2-thiomethylethyl,
(9) 2-dimethylaminoethyl, (10) -(CH2)2θCH2O(CH2)2θCH3,
(11) 2-morpholinylethyl,
(12) 4-pyridinylethyl,
(13) 2-furylmethyl,
(14) 2-pyridyl,
wherein R15 is hydrogen, and
(17) CH3 or R13 and R14, together with the N atom to which they are attached define a 5-or 6-membered heterocyclic ring selected the group consisting of morpholinyl, pyrroUdinyl, piperidinyl, and
wherein R16 is hydrogen or benzyl,
(d)
V
R wherein V is defined above and R17 is selected from the group consisting of (1) phenyl, (2) phenyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, methanesulfonyl or dimethylaminomethyl,
(3) 3-indolyl,
(4) 2-pyrrolyl, and
(5) l-dimethylaminocarbamoyhndol-3-yl, (e)
(f)
More preferred compounds of the present invention have formula II wherein W is -NHOH.
Still more preferred compounds have formula π wherein Y, R1, R3, L1 and A are defined above; R2 is selected from isobutyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl; and Z is absent or is selected from the group consisting of -CO2H, -CO2CH3, -CO2benzyl, -CONHCH3, - CON(CH3)2,
Still yet more preferred compounds have the formula π wherein W is -NHOH and Z is
CONHCH3.
The most preferred compounds of the present invention have formula HI
m wherein
W is NHOH;
L1 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms;
L3 is absent or methylene;
A is selected from the group consisting of
(a) -O-, (b) -NR9- wherein R9 is selected from hydrogen, -CO2benzyl,-SO2CH3, -SO2-(4-tolyl), (c) -CH=CH-, and (d) -C(O)NH-;
R2 is selected from isobutyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl; and
Z is is selected from the group consisting of -CONHCH3, -CON(CH3)2,
Determination of Stromelysin Inhibition The efficacy of the compounds of this invention as matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors was determined by measuring the inhibition of stromelysin. The inhibition of stromelysin by the compounds of this invention was determined as follows: Recombinant truncated stromelysin (human sequence) produced in E. coli was prepared by expression and purification of the protein as described by Ye et al., Biochemistry , 1992, 37, 11231-11235. The enzyme was assayed by its cleavage of the thiopeptide ester substrate Ac-Pro-Leu-Gly-[2-mercapto-4-methyl-pentanoyl]- Leu-Gly-OEt described by Weingarten and Feder, Anal. Biochem. , 1985, 747, 437-440 (1985), as a substrate of vertebrate collagenase. The reported conditions were modified to allow assays to be carried out in a microtiter plate. Upon hydrolysis of the thioester bond, the released thiol group reacts rapidly with 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), producing a yellow color which is measured by a microtiter plate reader set at 405 nm. The rates of cleavage of the substrate by stromelysin in the presence or absence of inhibitors are measured in a 30 min assay at ambient temperature. Solutions of the compounds in DMSO are prepared, and these are diluted at various concentrations into the assay buffer (50 mM MES/NaOH pH 6.5 with 10 mM CaCl2 and 0.2% Pluronic F-68), which is also used for dilution of the enzyme and substrate. The potency of the compounds [IC50] are calculated from the inhibition/inhibitor concentration data. The compounds of this invention inhibit stromelysin as shown by the data for representative examples in Table 1.
Table 1
Inhibitory Potencies against Stromelysin of Representative Compounds
Pharmaceutical Compositions
The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions which comprise compounds of the present invention formulated together with one or more non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. The pharmaceutical compositions may be specially formulated for oral administration in solid or liquid form, for parenteral injection, or for rectal administration.
The pharmaceutical compositions of this invention can be administered to humans and other animals orally, rectally, parenterally , intracisternally, intravaginally, intraperitoneally,
topically (as by powders, ointments, or drops), bucally. or as an oral or nasal spray. The term "parenteral" administration as used herein refers to modes of administration which include intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intrasternal, subcutaneous and intraarticular injection and infusion. Pharmaceutical compositions of this invention for parenteral injection comprise pharmaceutically acceptable sterile aqueous or nonaqueous solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions as well as sterile powders for reconstitution into sterile injectable solutions or dispersions just prior to use. Examples of suitable aqueous and nonaqueous carriers, diluents, solvents or vehicles include water, ethanol, polyols (such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like), and suitable mixtures thereof, vegetable oils (such as olive oil), and injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate. Proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of coating materials such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersions, and by the use of surfactants.
These compositions may also contain adjuvants such as preservative, wetting agents, emulsifying agents, and dispersing agents. Prevention of the action of microorganisms may be ensured by the inclusion of various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, paraben, chlorobutanol, phenol sorbic acid, and the like. It may also be desirable to include isotonic agents such as sugars, sodium chloride, and the like, Prolonged absorption of the injectable pharmaceutical form may be brought about by the inclusion of agents which delay absorption such as aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
In some cases, in order to prolong the effect of the drug, it is desirable to slow the absorption of the drug from subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. This may be accomplished by the use of a liquid suspension of crystalline or amorphous material with poor water solubility. The rate of absorption of the drug then depends upon its rate of dissolution which, in turn, may depend upon crystal size and crystalhne form. Alternatively, delayed absorption of a parenteraUy administered drug form is accompUshed by dissolving or suspending the drug in an oil vehicle.
Injectable depot forms are made by forming microencapsule matrices of the drug in biodegradable polymers such as polylactide-polyglycolide. Depending upon the ratio of drug to polymer and the nature of the particular polymer employed, the rate of drug release can be controlled. Examples of other biodegradable polymers include poly(orthoesters) and poly(anhydrides) Depot injectable formulations are also prepared by entrapping the drug in liposomes or microemulsions which are compatible with body tissues.
The injectable formulations can be sterilized, for example, by filtration through a bacterial- retaining filter, or by incorporating sterilizing agents in the form of sterUe soUd compositions which can be dissolved or dispersed in sterile water or other sterile injectable medium just prior to use.
Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets, piUs, powders, and granules. In such solid dosage forms, the active compound is mixed with at least one inert, pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate and/or a) fillers or extenders such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and sUicic acid, b) binders such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, and acacia, c) humectants such as glycerol, d) disintegrating agents such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain sUicates, and sodium carbonate, e) solution retarding agents such as paraffin, f) absorption accelerators such as quaternary ammonium compounds, g) wetting agents such as, for example, cetyl alcohol and glycerol monostearate, h) absorbents such as kaoUn and bentonite clay, and i) lubricants such as talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, soUd polyethylene glycols, sodium lauryl sulfate, and mixtures thereof. In the case of capsules, tablets and piUs, the dosage form may also comprise buffering agents.
SoUd compositions of a simUar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard-fiUed gelatin capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugar as weU as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols and the like.
The soUd dosage forms of tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings and other coatings weU known in the pharmaceutical formulating art They may optionaUy contain opacifying agents and can also be of a composition that they release the active ingredient(s) only, or preferentially, in a certain part of the intestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner. Examples of embedding compositions which can be used include polymeric substances and waxes.
The active compounds can also be in micro-encapsulated form, if appropriate, with one or more of the above-mentioned excipients.
Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include pharmaceuticaUy acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups and eUxirs. In addition to the active compounds, the liquid dosage forms may contain inert dUuents commonly used in the art such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubihzing agents and emulsifiers such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, dimethyl formamide, oils (in particular, cottonseed, groundnut, corn, germ, olive, castor, and sesame oils), glycerol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fatty acid esters of sorbitan, and mixtures thereof.
Besides inert dUuents, the oral compositions can also include adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, sweetening, flavoring, and perfuming agents.
Suspensions, in addition to the active compounds, may contain suspending agents as, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols, polyoxyethylene sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystaUine cellulose, aluminum metahydroxide, bentonite, agar-agar, and tragacanth, and mixtures thereof.
Compositions for rectal or vaginal administration are preferably suppositories which can be prepared by mixing the compounds of this invention with suitable non-irritating excipients or carriers such as cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol or a suppository wax which are solid at room temperature but liquid at body temperature and therefore melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity and release the active compound.
Compounds of the present invention can also be administered in the form of hposomes. As is known in the art, hposomes are generally derived from phospholipids or other lipid substances. Liposomes are formed by mono- or multi-lamellar hydrated hquid crystals that are dispersed in an aqueous medium. Any non-toxic, physiologically acceptable and metabolizable lipid capable of forming liposomes can be used. The present compositions in liposome form can contain, in addition to a compound of the present invention, stabiUzers, preservatives, excipients, and the like. The preferred lipids are the phosphohpids and the phosphatidyl choUnes (lecithins), both natural and synthetic.
Methods to form liposomes are known in the art. See, for example, Prescott, Ed., Methods in CeU Biology, Volume XIV, Academic Press, New York, N.Y. (1976), p. 33 et seq.
Dosage forms for topical administration of a compound of this invention include powders, sprays, ointments and inhalants. The active compound is mixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceuticaUy acceptable carrier and any needed preservatives, buffers, or propellants which may be required. Opthalmic formulations, eye ointments, powders and solutions are also contemplated as being within the scope of this invention.
Actual dosage levels of active ingredients in the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention may be varied so as to obtain an amount of the active compound(s) that is effective to achieve the desired therapeutic response for a particular patient, compositions, and mode of administration. The selected dosage level wUl depend upon the activity of the particular compound, the route of administration, the severity of the condition being treated, and the condition and prior medical history of the patient being treated. However, it is within the skill of the art to start doses of the compound at levels lower than required for to achieve the desired therapeutic effect and to graduaUy increase the dosage until the desired effect is achieved.
Generally dosage levels of about 1 to about 50, more preferably of about 5 to about 20 mg of active compound per kilogram of body weight per day are administered orally to a mammahan patient. If desired, the effective daily dose may be divided into multiple doses for purposes of administration, e.g. two to four separate doses per day.
Preparation of Compounds of this Invention The compounds of this invention may be prepared by a variety of synthetic routes.
Representative procedures are outUned in the following Schemes 1-10. It is understood that while the following schemes describe the preparation of macrocycles predominately derived from
tyrosine, the substitution of any of a number of both natural and unnatural amino acids whl result in the formation of the desired macrocycles.
Abbreviations which have been used in the descriptions of the schemes and the examples that follow are: THF for tetrahydrofuran; DMF for TV jV-dimethylformamide; ETOAc for ethyl acetate; Et2θ for diethyl ether, EPA for isopropanol; ETOH for ethanol; MeOH for methanol; AcOH for acetic acid; HOBT for 1 -hydroxybenzotriazole hydrdate; EDC for l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)- 3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride; NMM for N-methylmorpholine; Bu3P for tributylphosphine; ADDP for l,l'-(azodicarbonyl)dipiperidine; and DMPU for l,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro- 2( lH)-pyrimidinone. The preparation of compounds of formula 6, wherein W is -OH and 7, wherein W is -
NHOH and R1, R2, R3, R13 and R14 are defined above is described in Schemes la and b. According to Scheme la, couphng of acid 1 with amino amide 2 in the presence of an tertiary amine base, hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), and a suitable coupling agent such as l-(3- dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodhmide hydrochloride (EDCI'HCl) provides amide 3. Hydroboration of 3 using, for example, a tetrahydrofuran solution of borane followed by work up with aqueous hydrogen peroxide gives alcohol 4. CycUzation of 4 can be achieved using Mitsunobu conditions (Mitsunobu et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1972, 94. 679). For example addition of 4 to a solution of triphenylphosphine and diethylazodicarboxylate gives macrocycle 5. Conversion of 5 to the corresponding carboxylic acid 6 is accomplished by acidic removal of the tert-butyl ester with, for example, trifluoroacetic acid or hydrogen chloride in dioxane. Treatment of this acid with hydroxylamine or a hydroxylamine equivalent such as O-tert- butyldimethylsUylhydroxylamine in the presence of a suitable coupling agent such as EDCIΗC1 gives hydroxamate 7. O-Benzylhydroxylamine can also be employed in this coupUng reaction. The resultingO-benzylhydroxamate can then be treated with hydrogen and a paUadium catalyst such as 10% palladium on carbon to produce hydroxamate 7.
Scheme la
An alternative route to hydroxamate 7, as outlined in Scheme lb, involves reaction of acid 1 with the benzyl ester analog of 2 under the conditions used to prepare 3. The resulting amide is subjected to the cychzation conditions described above foUowed by hydrogenolytic removal of the benzyl ester giving carboxylic acid 9. Treatment of 9 with EDCI»HC1, HOBt, 7V- methylmorphoUne, and a primary or secondary amine of the formula HNR13R14 gives amide 5 which can be converted to hydroxamate 7 as described above.
Scheme lb
8
Preparation of intermediate 2 is accomptished by treating commercially avaUable acid K) with the requisite amine of general formula HNR13R14 using, for example, EDCI»HC1, HOBt, and
7V-methylmorpholine as shown in Scheme 2. The resulting amide ϋ is subjected to acidic removal of the /V-t-butoxycarbonyl nitrogen protecting group using trifluoroacetic acid or hydrogen chloride in dioaxane giving amide 2. Amino ketones of the general formula 15_ are prepared by treating acid 12 with ethereal diazomethane to produce methyl ester 13. This compound is subsequently reacted with a anion such as R17MgX wherein X is Br, Cl or I, or R17Li to generate ketone .14. Acidic removal of the te/ -butyl protecting groups gives amino ketone 15. Alternatively, carboxyUc acid 12 can be treated with a carbon anion such as phenylUthium which gives J4 directly. Amino ketone 15 can be used in place of amino amide 2 in Scheme 1 for the preparation of macrocyclic compounds where "Z" = -COR17.
Scheme 2
The preparation of intermediate 1 is shown in Scheme 3. Treatment of oxazolidinone I , with a suitable base such as Uthium diisopropylamide foUowed by addition of tert-butyl bromoacetate and basic hydrolysis gives carboxylic acid \1_. This acid is treated with at least two equivalents of a strong base such as Uthium diisopropylamide foUowed by an alkenyl hahde such as 4-bromo-l-butene. The resulting dialkyl succinate J_8 is again treated with a strong base such as Uthium diisopropylamide followed by either methanol (R1 = H) or an alkyl halide (R1 = alkyl) such as methyl iodide giving substituted succinate 1.
Scheme 3
Preparation of compounds of this invention where "Y" is -O- is shown in Scheme 4. The known acetonide 19 (British Biotechnology PCT application WO 94/02446) is first treated with a base such as potassium carbonate then with an alkenyl hahde such as aUyl bromide. Acidic removal of the acetonide group using, for instance, aqueous hydrogen chloride gives the corresponding hydroxy acid which is subjected to treatment with a base such as potassium carbonate and benzyl bromide giving alcohol 20. (9-Alkylation of 20 using sodium hydride and aUyl bromide foUowed by paUadium catalyzed ester deprotection using, for instance, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)paUadium (0) gives aUyl ether 2L CoupUng of 21 with 2, followed by hybroboration and cychzation as described in Scheme 1 above provides macrocycle 22. Hydrogenolytic removed of the benzyl ester using, for instance, hydrogen and 10% palladium on carbon gives acid 23 which can be converted to macrocyclic hydroxamate 24 as described above.
Scheme 4
Benzimidazole-containing macrocycles are prepared according to Scheme 5. o-Amino amide 25, prepared as described in Scheme 1 wherein HNR13R14 is 1 ,2-phenylenediamine, is heated with an acid such as camphor sulfonic acid to generate benzimidazole 26. Conversion of this compound to the corresponding carboxyUc acid 27 and hydroxamate 28 is accomphshed by analogy with the sequence shown in Scheme 1.
Scheme 5
l
Macrocyclic olefins such as 30 are prepared by treating aryl iodide 29 with a suitable palladium catalyst, for instance tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)pallaium (0), and an amine base such as triethylamine and heating in a solvent such as acetonitrile. Olefin 30 is converted to the corresponding acid 31 and hydroxamate 32 according to the sequence outhned in Scheme 1.
Scheme 6
l
Tryptophan-derived macrocycles are prepared according to Scheme 7. Alcohol 3_3_ is converted to a suitable leaving group, for example by reaction with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a tertiary base such as pyridine to give tosylate 24. This compound is subjected to phase-transfer alkylation conditions using, for example, potassium hydroxide and benzyltrimethyl ammonium chloride in a mixture of water and methylene chloride. The resulting macrocyclic ester 35 is converted to the corresponding acid 3_6 and hydroxamate 37 according to the sequence outhned in Scheme 1.
Scheme 7
l
/7-Aminophenylalanine-derived compounds of this invention are prepared as outlined in Scheme 8. Alcohol 38. is first converted to its mesylate using methanesulfonyl chloride and a tertiary amine base such as triethylamine. Hydrogenation of this material using 10% palladium on carbon and triethylamine in a solvent such as wo-propanol generates macrocycUc ester 39 directly. Conversion to acid 40 and hydroxamate 41 is accompUshed by the reaction sequence shown in Scheme 1. Alcohol 3_8 can also be oxidized to acid 42 using, for example, chromic acid in sulfuric acid. Hydrogenation of the aromatic nitro group is achieved using hydrogen over a paUadium catalyst. Lactam formation is completed by treatment with a coupling agent such as bis(2-oxo-3- oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride (BOP-C1) in the presence of a tertiary amine base such as triethylamine giving 43 which is converted to the corresponding acid 44 and hydroxamate 45 as outlined in Scheme 1.
Scheme 8
l
Carbamate and urea-derived macrocycles can be prepared according to Scheme 9. Alcohol 46 is treated with bromoacetyl bromide in the presence of sodium carbonate. The resulting ester 47 is subjected to hydrogenation conditions using, for example 10% paUadium on carbon in the presence of a tertiary amine base such as triethylamine which gives macrocycle 48. The tert-butyl ester group of 48 can be converted to acid 49 and to hydroxamate 50 under the conditions illustrated in Scheme 1. Alcohol 46 is converted to the corresponding methanesulfonate 5 . by reaction with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine. Mesylate 5 . is reacted with trimethylsUyl azide in the presence of tri-n-butylammonium fluoride to produce azide 52. This compound can be subjected to hydrogen over a palladium catalyst and the resulting diamine treated with a phosgene derivative such as carbonyldnmidazole to generate urea 5_3_. Conversion of
this ester to the corresponding acid 54 and hydroxamate 55 is accomplished as described in Scheme 1.
Scheme 9
The preparation of macrocyclic lactones is shown in Scheme 10. Hydrogenolysis of the benzyl ester of 55 is achieved using hydrogen over a palladium catalyst. The resulting hydroxy acid is treated with l,l'-(azodicarbonyl)dipiperdine and tributylphosphine in a suitable solvent such as tetrahydrofuran to produce 56. This ester can be converted to the corresponding acid 57 and hydroxamate 58 as described in Scheme 1.
Scheme 10
l
The foregoing may be better understood by reference to the following examples which are presented for iUustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Preparation of Succinate Ester 1
A mixture of 4-methylvaleric acid (50.7 g, 0.43 mmol) and thionyl chloride (40 mL, 65.2 g, 0.54 mole) was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours. The mixture was heated to distill the excess reagent through a 10 cm Vigreux column. The acid chloride was then distiUed to give i (48.43 g, 84 %), bp 135-138 °C.
To a -78 °C solution of 45'-benzyl-2-oxazolidinone (62.2 g, 0.35 mole) in THF (600 mL) was addedn-butylhthium (140 mL, 2.5 M in hexane) over 1 hour. After 30 minutes i (0.359 mole) was added over 10 minutes during which time the temperature rose to -60 °C. After 1 hour the bath was removed and the reaction mixture was warmed to 0 °C. The reaction was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride, the mixture was aUowed to settle, and the supernatant was decanted and concentrated. The combined residues were partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, IM sodium bicarbonate, water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The residue was distiUed discarding a smaU forerun to give ϋ (92.9 g, 96%), bp 154-156 °C / 0.15 mm.
To a mechanicaUy-stirred -78 °C solution of ϋ (92.9 g, 0.337 mole) in THF (IL) was added sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (375 mL. IM in THF) over 40 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and t-butyl bromoacetate (55 mL, 72.6 g, 0.372 mole)was added over 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and then the cold bath was removed and the mixture was warmed to 0 °C. The reaction was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride. After mixing weU, the mixture was allowed to settle and the supernatant was decanted, concentrated, and recombined with the residue. This mixture was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, 1 M sodium bicarbonate, water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated by distillation to about 250 mL. After dilution with 750 mL hexane and cooling in an ice bath the resulting crystals were coUected and washed with hexane to provide in (104.6 g) mp 101-102 °C. The mother liquors were concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (5 - 10% ethyl acetate - hexane) and the product fraction crystalhzed to yield 7.6 g more for a total of 112.2 g (85 %).
To a 0 °C solution of iϋ (112.2 g, 0.288 mole) in THF (1.2 L) was added water (100 mL) and 30 % hydrogen peroxide (110 mL, 36.6 g, 1.08 mole). A solution of lithium hydroxide monohydrate (17.8 g, 0.424 mole) in water (400 mL) was added in portions over 25 minutes and the resulting solution was stirred for 1 hour. The mixture was concentrated under a slow nitrogen stream to about 800 mL. After seeding with the chiral oxazohdinone the mixture was chUled and filtered removing a portion of the auxUiary which was washed weU with water. The filtrate was extracted with dichloromethane (3x) to remove the balance of the chiral oxazohdinone. The combined organic extracts were washed with aqueous 0.5 N sodium hydroxide. The base layers were acidified with IM sulfuric acid to pH 3 and extracted with ethyl acetate. After washing with water and brine, drying over sodium sulfate, and evaporation of solvents the residue amounted to 64.9 g (98%) of R-2-( -butyl)-succinic acid-4-t-butyl ester.
Step 5
To a -78 °C solution of Uthium diisopropylamide, prepared by the addition of n- butylUthium (11.4 ml, 28.4 mmol, 2.5M in hexanes) to a solution of diisopropylamine (3.7 ml, 28.4 mmol) in 60 ml THF at -78 °C, was added a solution of iy (2.7 g, 11.8 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at -78 °C by cannula in a stream. The resulting clear, yeUow solution was stirred at -78 °C for lhour and then butenyl iodide (2.58 g, 14.2 mmol) was added by syringe. This mixture was aUowed to warm to ambient temperature and stir overnight. The reaction mixture was poured into 1 :1 ether- water and the separated aqueous layer was extracted with ether (2x). The combined organic layers were washed with aq IM NaHSO and brine, dried with MgSO , filtered and concentrated. Flash chromatography (2%-5% isopropanol-hexane) gave epimeric succinates v (2.30 g, >9:1 syn/anti) as a clear liquid.
To a -78 °C solution of Uthium diisopropylamide, prepared by the addition of n- butyllitbium (7.8 ml, 19.5 mmol, 2.5M in hexanes) to a solution of diisopropylamine (2.6 ml, 19.5 mmol) in 30 ml THF at -78 °C, was added a solution of epimeric isobutyl succinate v (2.3 g, 8.1 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at -78 °C by cannula in a stream. The resulting clear, yeUow solution was stirred at -78 °C for 1 hour, warmed to 0 °C and recooled to -78 °C. Methanol (1 ml) was added and the solution was warmed to 0 °C. The reaction mixture was poured into 1 : 1 ether-water and the separated aqueous layer was extracted with ether (2x). The combined organic layers were washed with aq IM NaHSO and brine, dried with MgSO4, fUtered and concentrated to give an epimeric mixture (2:1 anti/syn) of succinates yi which could be separated by flash chromatography (10-50% ethyl acetate-hexanes).
Preparation of Succinate Ester 2
The desired compound was prepared according to the method used to prepare succinate ester 1, except substituting allyl bromide for 4-bromo-l-butene.
Preparation of Succinate Ester 3
The desired compound was prepared according to the method used to prepare succinate ester 1, except substituting 5-bromo-l-pentene for 4-bromo-l-butene.
Preparation of Succinate Ester 4
Step l
A mixture under nitrogen of 4-bromotoluene (36.9 mL, 51.3 g, 0.3 mole), 4-pentenoic acid (30.6 mL, 30.0 g, 0.3 mole), acetonitrile (500 mL), triethylamine (126 mL, 91.5 g, 0.90 mole), palladium acetate (1.35 g, 6 mmole) and tri-(o-tolyl)phosphine (4.65 g, 15 mmole) was heated slowly to a gentle reflux. (A mild exotherm was observed as reflux begins.) After 18 hours at reflux, the mixture was cooled in an ice bath and the solid was removed by filtration and rinsed well with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was concentrated to a small volume and the residue was
partitioned between aqueous 1 M sodium carbonate and ether. The aqueous phase was extracted with ether. The combined ether layers were extracted with aqueous 1 M sodium carbonate. The basic solution was treated with charcoal and filtered. The filtrate was acidified with 3 M hydrochloric acid. After cooling in an ice bath, the soft sohd was filtered, washed with ice water, and dried over sodium hydroxide to give yji (45 g) as a mixture of isomers which was used without further purification.
Step 2
The mixtureof isomers yji was hydrogenated in 600 mL THF over 9 g of 10% paUadium on carbon at 4 atmospheres of hydrogen for 18 hours. After filtration and concentration of the solution, the residue was crystalUzed from hexane to yield 5-(4-tolyl)pentanoic acid (viϋ. 33 g, mp 77-78 °C).
Step 3
A mixture of 30b (11.02 g, 57 mmole) and 12 mL thionyl chloride was stirred at 24 °C for 18 hours and then heated to distill most of the excess thionyl chloride. Short path distUlation gave 11.74 g (97 %) of 5-(4-tolyl)pentanoyl chloride (30c, bp ~ 110 °C at 0.35 mm).
To a -78 °C solution of 45-benzyl-2-oxazolidinone (10.36 g, 58 mmole) in THF (150 mL) was added n-butyllithium (23.5 mL 2.5 M) over 25 minutes. After 30 minutes, 20c (55.7 mmole) was added quickly, during which time the reaction temperature rose to -45 °C. The reaction mixture was warmed to 0 °C and the reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride. The mixture was aUowed to settle and the supernatant was decanted and concentrated.
The residue was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, aqueous IM sodium bicarbonate, water and brine. After drying over sodium sulfate the solution was concentrated and the residue was chromatographed (10-20 % ethyl acetate-hexane) to give 30d (17.83 g, 89%).
The desired compound was prepared using Steps 4, 5 and 6 of the preparation of succinate ester 1 , except substituting x for iii and substituting 5-bromo- 1 -pentene for 4-bromo- 1 -butene.
Preparation of Succinate Ester 5
The desired compound was prepared using step 5 of the procedure for the preparation of succinate ester 4, except substituting TBDMS0(CH2) (10.8g, 34.5mmol), prepared as described by Helquist et al., Tetrahedron Lett., 1985, 26, 5393, for 5-bromo- 1 -pentene.
Preparation of Succinate Ester 6
Step 1
To a 0 °C solution in anhydrous THF (100 mL) of methyl 3-butenoate (97%, 10.0 g, 96.9 mmol)was added 9-BBN (0.5 M in THF, 194 mL, 97 mmol) dropwise via dropping funnel. After the addition was completed, the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 5 hours. To the resulting solution was added anhydrous THF (300 mL), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (3.03 g, 2.62 mmol), l-bromo-4-propylbenzene (98%, 13.8 mL, 87 mmol), and powdered sodium methoxide (95%, 7.72 g, 136 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and ported into saturated aqueous ammonium chloride. The mixture was extracted twice with ether. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried with MgSO4 and concentrated to afford crude product as a light brown oil. Flash chromatography (CH2Cl2-hexane, 1 :4) afforded xϋ (6.4 g).
Step 2
The desired compound was prepared by hydroysis of ester xtij, foUowed by conversion of the carboxyUc acid to succinate ester 6 according to steps 3, 4 and 5 of the preparation of succinate ester 4, substituting TBDMS0(CH2)4l, for 5-bromo- 1 -pentene.
Preparation of Succinate Ester 7
The desired compound was prepared according to the procedure used to prepare succinate ester 1, except substituting TBDMS0(CH2)4l, for 4-bromo-l-butene.
Preparation of Succinate Ester 8
The desired compound was prepared in the same manner as succinate ester 5, except replacing acid viii with 6-benzyloxy hexanoic acid.
Preparation of Succinate Ester 9
The desired compound was prepared in the same manner as succinate ester 5, except replacing acid vin with 4-pentenoic acid.
Example 1
Example IA
To a solution of succinate ester 1, benzyltyrosine tosylate salt (8.1 g, 18.4 mmol, Aldrich Chemical Co.), HOBT (2.5 g, 18.4 mmol) and NMM (4 mL, 36.8 mmol) in 80 mL DMF at 0 °C was added EDC (3.5 g, 18.4 mmol) in a single portion. The resulting solution was aUowed to slowly warm to ambient temperature and was stirred for 3 days at which time it was poured into a sepratory funnel containing water and ethyl acetate. The separated aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3x) and the combined organic layers were washed with aqueous IM NaHSO4, aqueous IM NaHCU3 and brine, dried over MgSO4, fUtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was flash chromatographed (CH2CI2 to 2% methanol-CH2C 2) to afford 8.26 g of intermediate lb as a white foam.
Example IB
To a solution of lb (8.25 g, 15.4 mmol) dissolved in 77 mL THF at 0 °C was added BH3 solution (1 M in THF, 51.3 mL, 51.3 mmol) dropwise by syringe over 10 minutes. The resulting solution was stirred at 0 °C for 1.5 hours. Ethanol (15.4 mL) was added over 5 minutes followed by pH 7 buffer (30 mL) and 30% H2O2 solution (30 mL). After 10 minutes, the cooUng bath was
removed and the cloudy mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2.5 hours at which time it was concentrated to half the original volume and added to a mixture of brine and and ethyl acetate. The separated aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3x) and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried with MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography (2% methanol-CH2Cl2 then 5% methanol-CH2θ2) gave 7.62 g of intermediate ic as a white foam.
Example 1 C
To a solution of lc (4.54 g, 8.19 mmol) and BU3P (4.1 mL, 16.4 mmol) in 800 mL benzene at ambient temperature was added ADDP (4.13 g, 16.4 mmol) in a single portion. The solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 hours and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was suspended in a minimal amount of CH2CI2 and flash chromatographed (30% ethyl acetate-hexane) to give cycUc intermediate Id (3.1 g) as a white solid.
Exa mple ID
A mixture of Id (3.1 g, 5.77 mmol) and 10% Pd/C catalyst (620 mg) in 30 mL methanol was stirred under a positive hydrogen pressure for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then filtered through Cehte with methanol washings. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give cyclic intermediate Is (2.54 g) as a white soUd which was used without further purification.
Example IE
To a solution of le (510 mg, 1.14 mmol) dissolved in 6 mL DMF at 0 °C was added NMM (150 μL, 1.37 mmol), HOBT (185 mg, 1.37 mmol), EDC (263 mg, 1.37 mmol) and 4-(2- aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide (274 mg, 1.37 mmol, Aldrich Chemical Co.). The resulting clear solution was stirred overnight at ambient temperature and then poured into a mixture of water and ethyl acetate. The separated aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried with MgSO4. filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography (3% methanol-CH2Cl2) afforded If (758 mg) as a white solid.
Example IF
A mixture of If (717 mg, 1.14 mmol), trifluoroacetic acid (5 mL) and CH2CI2 (1 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour and then concentrated under a stream of nitrogen. The residue was dissolved in 1:1 mix of CH2Cl2- ethanol and concentrated in vacuo. This was repeated until a white soUd formed to give 630 mg la which was used without purification.
Example IG
To a 0 °C solution in DMF (8 mL) of ja (630 mg, 1.1 mmol) was added NMM (242 μL, 2.2 mmol), HOBT (178 mg, 1.32 mmol) and EDC (253 mg, 1.32 mmol). After 15 minutes at 0
°C, O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)hydroxyl amine (194 mg, 1.32 mmol) was added in a single portion and the mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stir overnight. The solution was then poured into a mixture of brine and CH2CI2. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with CH2CI2 and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried with Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude sohd was flash chromatographed (5% methanol-CH2Cl2) to give 183 mg of the desired compound as a white solid, mp > 270 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.6-(-0.4) (m, IH), 0.6-1.0 (m, 5H), 0.71 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.80 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 1.1-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.5-1.7 (m, 3H), 2.1 (dt, IH, J = 10.8, 2.7 Hz), 2.5-2.6 (m, IH), 2.75-2.85 (m, 2H), 3.02 (dd, IH, J = 12.9,4.8 Hz), 3.3-3.4 (m, 2H), 3.9-4.1 (m, 2H), 4.5-4.7 (m, IH), 6.90 (d, 2H, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.21 (t, 2H, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.29 (br s, 2H), 7.40 (d, 2H, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.75 (d, 2H, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.80 (d, IH, J = 9.6 Hz), 7.89 (t, IH, J = 5.7 Hz), 8.66 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). "C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.9, 24.5, 25.0, 25.3, 28.4, 28.7, 35.1, 37.0, 39.8, 41.1, 46.3, 46.9, 53.8, 73.2, 121.3, 121.5, 125.9, 129.0, 129.4, 132.4, 132.7, 142.4, 143.8, 157.4, 170.4, 171.5, 173.0. MS (Cl) m/e 589 (M+l). Anal. Calcd for: C29H4oN4O7S.0.4H2O: C, 58.45; H, 6.90; N, 9.40. Found: C, 58.49; H, 6.94; N, 9.20. [α] +55° (c 0.5, DMF).
Example 2
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1E-G, except substituting phenethylamine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 270 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.6-(-0.4) (m, IH), 0.6-1.0 (m, 4H), 0.70 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.80 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 1.1-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.5-1.7 (m, 3H), 2.0-2.1 (m, IH), 2.5-2.6 (m, IH), 2.7-2.8 (m, 2H), 3.0-3.1 (m, IH), 3.2-3.4 (m, 2H), 3.9-4.1 (m, 2H), 4.55-4.65 (m, IH), 6.90 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.15-7.35 (m, 7H), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.68 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). 13C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.6, 24.2, 24.7, 24.9, 28.0, 28.4, 35.1, 36.7, 40.0, 40.8, 46.0, 46.6, 53.5, 72.9, 120.9, 121.1, 126.0, 128.2, 128.5, 128.7, 132.0, 132.4, 139.2, 157.0, 170.0, 171.1, 172.7. MS (Cl) m/e 510 (M+l). Anal. Calcd for: C29H39N3O5: C, 68.34; H, 7.71; N, 8.24. Found: C, 68.00; H, 7.78; N, 8.05. [a] +18° (c 0.5, DMF).
Example 3
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1E-G, except substituting cyclopropylamine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 270 °C. *H
NMR (DMSO) δ -0.6-(-0.4) (m, IH), 0.3-0.4 (m, 2H), 0.6-0.7 (m, 2H), 0.71 (d, 3H, J = 6 Hz), 0.8 (d, 3H, J = 6 Hz), 0.7-1.0 (m, 5H), 1.1-1.3 (m, 2H), 1.5-1.7 (m, 3H), 2.04 (apparent t, IH, J = 12 Hz), 2.5-2.7 (m, 2H), 3.04 (dd, IH, J = 12.8,4.1 Hz), 3.9-4.1 (m, 2H), 4.5-4.6 (m, IH), 6.90 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.15-7.25 (m, 2H), 7.7-7.85 (m, 2H), 8.69 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). 13C NMR (DMSO) δ 5.60, 5.83, 21.6, 22.2, 24.2. 24.7, 24.9, 28.0, 28.4, 36.5, 40.8, 46.0, 46.5, 53.4, 72.9, 120.9, 121.2, 128.6, 132.0, 132.4, 157.0, 170.0, 172.2, 172.6. MS (Cl) m/e 446 (M+l). Anal. Calcd for C24H35N3O5 «0.3H2O: C, 63.92; H, 7.96: N, 9.32. Found: C, 63.86; H, 7.96; N, 9.39. [a] +17° (c 0.5, DMF).
Example 4
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1E-G, except substituting aniline for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 270 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.5-(-0.4) (m, IH), 0.6-1.0 (m, 4H), 0.67 (d, 3H, J = 6.3), 0.81 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 1.1-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.5-1.65 (m, 2H), 1.69 (dt, IH, J = 10.8, 2.4 Hz), 2.12 (dt, IH, J = 10.5, 2.7 Hz), 2.69 (br t, IH, J = 12.6 Hz), 3.9-4.0 (m, IH), 4.0-4.1 (m, IH), 4.75-4.90 (m, IH), 6.9-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.07 (t, IH, J = 7.2 Hz), 7.25-7.40 (m, 4H), 7.60 (d, 2H, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.98 (d, IH, J = 9.6 Hz), 8.70 (s, IH), 10.0 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). "c NMR (DMSO) δ 21.6, 24.2, 24.7, 25.0, 28.1, 28.4, 36.7, 40.8, 46.0, 46.6, 54.4, 73.0, 1 19.1, 121.0, 121.3, 123.3, 128.8, 132.1, 132.3, 138.8, 157.1, 170.0, 170.1, 172.9. MS (Cl) m/e 482 (M+l). Anal. Calcd for
C27H35N3O5Η2O: C, 64.91; H, 7.46; N, 8.41. Found: C, 64.85; H, 7.16; N, 8.29. [a] +38° (c 0.4, MeOH).
Example 5
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1E-G, except substituting morpholine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 270 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.6-(-0.4) (m, IH), 0.6-1.0 (m, 4H), 0.71 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.78 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz),1.14 (dt, IH, J = 10.8, 2.7 Hz), 1.2-1.4 (m, IH), 1.45-1.55 (m, 2H), 1.68 (dt, IH, J = 11.1, 3.0 Hz), 2.10 (dt, IH, J = 11.4, 3.3 Hz), 2.79 (t, IH, J = 12.6 Hz), 2.9-3.0 (m, IH), 3.4-3.8 (complex m, 8H), 3.9-4.1 (m, 2H), 5.0-5.1 (m, IH), 6.89 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.27 (t, 2H, J = 7.3 Hz),8.00 (d, IH, J = 9.6 Hz), 8.67 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). 1 C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.6, 24.0, 24.8, 25.0, 28.2, 28.5, 40.3, 40.9, 45.7, 46.5, 48.9, 66.1, 72.8, 120.7, 120.8, 129.1, 131.9, 132.2, 157.1, 169.7, 170.0, 172.5. MS (Cl) m/e 476 (M+l). Anal. Calcd for C25H37N3O6*0.5H2O: C, 61.96; H, 7.90; N, 8.67. Found: C, 61.86; H, 7.68; N, 7.24. [a] +65° (c 0.4, MeOH).
Example 6
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1E-G, except substituting 2-aminopyridine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 270 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.6-(-0.4) (m„ IH), 0.6-1.0 (m, 4H), 0.68 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.83 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 1.1-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.5-1.8 (m, 3H), 2.13 (dt, IH, J = 10.8, 2.7 Hz), 2.66 (t, IH, J = 12.0
Hz), 3.28 (dd, IH, J = 12.3, 6.0 Hz), 3.9-4.0 (m. IH), 4.0-4.1 (m, IH), 4.8-5.0 (m, IH), 6.9- 7.0 (m, 2H), 7.1-7.2 (m, IH), 7.25-7.40 (m, 2H). 7.83 (dt, IH, J = 8.1, 1.8 Hz), 7.99 (d, IH, J = 9.6 Hz), 8.06 (d, IH, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.35 (dd, IH, J = 5.4, 2.1 Hz), 10.3 (br s, IH), 10.5 (s, IH). 13c NMR (DMSO) δ 21.6, 24.2. 24.8, 25.0, 28.1, 28.4, 36.3, 40.8, 46.1, 46.7, 54.6, 73.1 , 113.6, 1 19.6, 121.1, 121.6, 128.8, 132.2, 132.4, 139.0, 147.4, 151.4, 157.3, 170.0, 171.1, 173.2. MS (Cl) m/e 483 (M+l). Anal. Calcd for C26H34N4O5Η2O: C, 62.38; H, 7.24; N, 11.19. Found: C, 62.04; H, 7.44; N, 9.70. [a] +34° (c 0.6, MeOH).
Example 7
Example 7A
The desired compound was prepared using the procedure described for example IE, except substituting 1,2-phenylenediamine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide.
Example 7B
A solution of 7b and camphorsulfonic acid (60 mg) in 15 mL toluene and 5 mL THF was stirred at reflux for 3 hours. The resulting brown solution was cooled, concentrated and flash chromatographed (3% methanol-CH2θ2) to afford 7c (1.0 g) as a light tan solid.
Example 7C
The desired compound was prepared from 7c according to the method of Examples IF and G. mp > 270 °C. JH NMR (DMSO) δ -0.5-(-0.3) (m, IH), 0.6-1.0 (m, 4H), 0.59 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.64 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 1.1-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.6-1.8 (m, 3H), 2.0-2.1 (m, IH), 3.07 (t, IH, J = 12.9 Hz), 4.0-4.2 (m, 2H), 5.4-5.5 (m, IH), 6.96 (apparent d, 2H, J = 6.3 Hz), 7.1-7.2 (m, 2H), 7.32 (br t, 2H, J = 6.9 Hz), 7.4-7.5 (m, 2H), 8.18 (d, IH, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.69 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH), 12.2 (s, IH). 13C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.6, 24.1, 24.7, 28.1, 28.5, 38.0, 40.9, 46.1, 46.6, 47.9, 72.9, 111.3, 1 18.5, 121.1 , 121.2, 121.9, 128.8, 132.2, 132.5, 154.9, 157.2, 170.1, 172.6. MS (Cl) m/e 479 (M+l). Anal. Calcd for C27H34N4O4-1.4H2O: C, 64.37; H, 7.36; N, 11.12. Found: C. 64.47; H, 7.41: N, 10.35. [a] -39° (c 0.5, DMF).
Example 8
To a 0 °C solution in DMF (40 mL) of BOC-L-tyrosine (2.81 g. 10 mmol) and HOBT (3.70 g, 27 mmol) was added methylamine hydrochloride (675 mg, 10 mmol) and NMM (3.16 mL, 2.9 mmol) and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. EDC (2.76 g, 14 mmol) was added and stirring was continued for 2 hours in the ice bath and then at room temperature for 3 days. The reaction mixture was dUuted with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic extracts were combined, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate concentrated to a yellow oU. A minimum amount of ethyl acetate was added and the suspension heated until a solution resulted. CrystaUization was allowed to occur at room temperature and 8a as a white solid was collected by filtration (1.97g, 67% yield).
Example 8B
Step 1 : To a -78 °C solution in THF (8 mL) of diisopropylamine (541 mg, 5.35 mmol) was added butylUthium (2 ml, 5 mmol, 2.5M in hexanes) dropwise and the solution was stirred for 15 minutes. A mixture of (R)-wo-butylsuccinic acid tert-butylester (0.5g, 2.17 mmol) in DMPU (1 mL) and THF (3 mL) was added dropwise. The resulting yellow solution was stirred for one hour at -70 °C and a solution of 4-bromo-l-butene (354 mg, 2.62 mmol) in THF (3 mL) was added dropwise over 8 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at -70 °C and a solution of Lil (35 mg, 2.62 mmol) in THF (1 mL) was added dropwise. The cold bath was removed and stirring was continued overnight at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was poured into saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and ethyl acetate and the organic layer set aside. The aqueous layer was washed once with ethyl acetate and the organics combined, dried over MgSO4, filtered and the filtrate concentrated to a yellow oU which was purified by flash chromatography on sUica gel (15% ethyl acetate-hexanes) to yield 244 mg of 8b as a yellow gum(40% yield). Isomer ratio approximately 6:1.
Step 2: To a -78 °C solution in THF (7 mL) of diisopropylamine (523 mg, 5.17 mmol) was added butylUthium (1.93 ml, 4.83 mmol, 2.5M in hexanes) dropwise and the solution was stirred for 15 minutes. A solution of Sb (611 mg, 2.15 mmol) in THF (8 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was warmed to -20°C and stirred for 15 minutes before being cooled to -78C and quenched with a solution of methanol(356 mg, 11 mmol) in 2 ml THF. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and mixed with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and the pH
was adjusted to 4 with added dilute HCl. The solution was extracted twice with ethyl acetate and the organic extracts were combined, dried over MgSO4, filtered and the filtrate concentrated to a to give 8b (594 mg) as a yeUow gum having an isomer ratio determined by CMR to be 1:1.5 syn : anti.
Example 8C
To a solution of BOC-L-tyrosine-N-methyl amide (8a, 627 mg, 2.13 mmol) in THF (2 ml) was added 4M HCl-dioxane (6 mL) dropwise. The resulting yellow solution was stirred for 4 hours at ambient temperature and then concentrated to dryness. The residue was azeotroped twice with toluene and once with ether leaving an off-white sohd which was added to an ice-bath-cooled flask containing compound 8b (561 mg, 1.97 mmol), HOBT (716 mg, 5.3 mmol), NMM (562 mg, 5.6 mmol) and DMF (8 mL). The resulting orange solution was stirred for 30 and EDC (534 mg, 2.79 mmol) was added as a solid. Stirring in the ice bath was continued for 2 hours and then at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was dUuted with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic extracts were combined, dried, filtered and the filtrate concentrated to a yellow oil which was purified by flash chromatography(4% methanol-methylene chloride) to give 8c (783 mg, 86% yield) as a white powder.
Example 8D
The desired compound 8d was prepared from 8c by hydroboration/oxidation according to the method of Example IC.
Example 8E
To a -5 °C solution of triphenylphosphine (419 mg, 1.6 mmol) in methylene chloride (20 mL) was added dropwise a solution of diethylazodicarboxylate (249 mg, 1.43 mmol) in methylene chloride (20 mL) and the solution stirred for 30 minutes. A solution of 8d (465 mg, 0.97 mmol) in methylene chloride (120 mL) was added dropwise and the solution was stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was poured into brine and the organic layer set aside. The aqueous phase was washed with ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined, dried and concentrated to a yellow gum which was purified by flash chromatography (50% ethyl acetate-hexanes) to give the desired compound 8e (75 mg).
Example 8F
The desired compound ≤£ was prepared by saponification of 8e using trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane according to the method of Example IF.
Example 8G
To a 0 °C solution of 8g (50 mg, 0.125 mmol) in DMF (0.8 mL) was added NMM(19 mg, 0.19 mmol),a solution of HOBT (19 mg, 0.14 mmol) in DMF (0.2 mL) and EDC (27 mg, 0.14 mmol). After stirring for 15 minutes, a solution of O-tert-butyldimethylsilylhydroxylamine (21 mg, 0.14 mmol) in DMF (0.2 mL) was added and stirring was continued for 30 minutes in the ice bath and then at ambient temperature for 3 days. The reaction mixture was diluted with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were dried and concentrated to a clear gum. The gum was mixed with diethyl ether and the resulting suspension fUtered to give 32 mg of a white solid (61% yield). A portion (9.8 mg) of this material was dissolved in a mixture of 1.5 ml acetonitrile, 0.5 ml methanol and 2.0 ml water and loaded onto a C-l 8 reverse phase HPLC column and eluted with a gradient from 10% acetonitrile/90% water to 70% acetonitrile/30% water. The faster eluting peak was coUected and concentrated to give the anti compound as a white powder (3.1 mg) and the slower eluting peak was collected and concentrated to give the syn compound as a white powder (3.4 mg).
Anti: ]H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.41 (s, IH), 8.69 (s, IH), 7.79-7.87 (c, IH), 7.69-7.76 (c, IH), 7.51-7.67 (c, IH), 7.16-7.28 (c, IH), 6.87-6.96 (c, 2H), 4.53-4.64 (c, IH), 3.88-4.13 (c, 2H), 3.01-3.11 (c, IH), 2.54-2.69 (c, 4H), 2.00-2.13 (c, IH), 1.51-1.73 (c, 3H), 1.12-1.36 (c, 2H), 0.84-0.95 (c, IH), 0.80 (d, 3H, J = 6Hz), 0.71 (d, 3H, J = 6Hz), 0.50-0.67 (c, IH). i3C NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 172.68, 172.65, 171.56, 157.03, 132.05, 128.64, 121.26, 120.99, 97.75, 72.97, 53.49, 46.61, 45.97, 40.83, 36.75, 28.38, 28.04, 25.45, 24.93, 24.75, 24.22, 21.60. IR, (KBr) 3300, 2950, 2940, 1640, 1530, 1510, 1210, 1190 cm"1. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 420(m+H)+.
SynM- i NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.90 (bs IH), 7.94-8.01 (c, IH), 7.40 (d, IH, J = 6 Hz), 7.05 (dd, IH, J = 1.5, 4.5 Hz), 6.73-6.79 (c, 2H), 6.66-6.71 (c, IH), 5.66-5.74 (c, IH), 3.96-4.03 (c, IH), 3.81-3.90 (c, IH), 2.91 (dd, IH, J = 3, 9 Hz), 2.45 (d, 3H, J = 3 Hz), 2.23- 2.29 (c, IH), 1.94 (d, IH, J = 6 Hz), 1.60-1.70 (c, IH), 1.21-1.31 (c, 2H), 1.00-1.10 (c, IH), 0.88-1.00 (c, 2H), 0.72-0.82 (c, IH), 0.49 (d, 3H, J = 3 Hz), 0.43 (d, 3H, J = 3 Hz), -0.01-(- 0.09) (c, IH). 13C NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 171.8, 171.2, 170.5, 159.5, 130.8, 130.6, 130.0, 119.2, 119.1, 70.3, 52.0, 49, 45.7, 38.5, 33.4, 30.2, 25.9, 25.4, 23.4, 22.5, 21.5, 21.4. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 420 (M+H)+.
Example 9
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 8C-F, except substituting aUyl bromide for 4-bromo-l-butene in Example 8B.
Example 10
The desired compound was prepared from the compound of Example 9 according to the method of Example 8G. !H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.30 (s, IH). 8.69 (bs, IH), 7.81 (d, IH, J = 6 Hz), 7.62 (dd, IH, J = 3, 3 Hz), 7.05-7.17 (c, 3H), 6.81 (dd, IH, J = 4.5, 1.5 Hz), 4.65-4.73 (c, IH), 4.08-4.15 (c, IH), 3.98-4.05 (c, IH), 3.15 (dd, IH, J = 3, 4.5 Hz), 2.62 (d, 3H, J = 3 Hz), 2.54 (d, IH, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.00 (dt, IH, J = 6, 1.5 Hz), 1.59 (dt, IH, J = 7.5, 1.5 Hz), 1.10-1.27 (c, 4H), 0.73-0.79 (c, 7H), 0.70 (d, 2H, J = 3 Hz), 0.57-0.68 (c, IH), 0.61--0.72 (c, IH). 13C NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 172.7, 171.5, 169.6, 158.3, 132.7, 132.5, 128.9, 122.0, 120.0, 72.9, 53.0, 46.7, 46.1, 39.9, 36.7, 29.9, 29.3, 25.4, 25.1, 24.0, 21.2. IR (KBr) 3300, 2960, 2920, 1660, 1640, 1530, 1510, 1220 cm"1. MS(FAB(+)) m/e 428(M+Na)+, 406(M+H)+.
Example 11
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 1 A-C, F and G, except substituting succinate ester 3. for succinate ester 1, and substituting 8e for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt, mp > 300C. !H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.25-(-0.1) (m, IH), 0.6-0.71 (m, IH), 0.72 (d, 3H, J = 6.9 Hz), 0.82 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.85-1.39 (m, 8H), 1.4-1.59 (m, IH), 1.6-1.75 (m, IH), 2.14-2.24 (m, IH), 2.58-2.60 (m, IH), 2.61 (d, 3H, J = 4.8 Hz), 2.86-2.91 (m, IH), 4.08-4.22 (m, 2H), 4.4-4.55 (m, IH), 6.81 (d, IH, J = 8.1 Hz), 6.92 (1, 8.1H), 7.2- 7.24 (m, 2H), 7.71 (d, IH, J = 4.8 Hz), 7.93 (d, IH, J = 9 Hz), 8.69 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). MS
(DCI/NH3) m/e 434 (M+H)+. Anal, calcd for C23H35N3θ5»0.5H2O: C, 62.42; H. 8.19; N, 9.49. Found: C, 62.69; H, 8.12; N, 9.45. [ α ] + 31° (c 0.3, DMF).
Example 12
Example 12A
The desired compound 12a was prepared according to the method of Example 8B, except substituting 6-bromo-l-hexene for 4-bromo-l-butene.
Example 12B
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1A-F, except substituting 12a for succinate ester L
Example 12C
To a 0 °C solution of 12b (0.21, 0.49 mmol) in DMF (4 mL), was added NMM ( 200 μl, 1.8 mmol), HOBT (80mg, 0.59 mmol) and EDC (113mg, 0.59 mmol). After 15 minutes at 0 C ( -benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (95mg, 0.59 mmol) was added in a single portion and the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature with stirring overnight The turbid solution was added to water and 5% methanol/CH2Cl2. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with CH2CI2 and the combined organic layers were concentrated. The crude material was triturated in 5:1 ether/methanol and the sohd coUected by filtration to give 109mg of the (9-benzylhydroxamate. This material was dissolved in 75ml of 70:30 THF/MeOH and treated with lOmg of 10% Pd/C under 1 arm of H2 for 2hours. The catalyst was filtered off and the solution concentrated to give the desired anti isomer (35mg) as a white solid. *H NMR (DMSO) δ 0.1-0.2 (m, IH), 0.73 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.75-1.15 (m, 6H), 0.85 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 1.2-1.44 (m, 3H), 1.5-1.8 (m, 4H), 2.2-2.32 (m, IH), 2.60 (d, 3H, J = 4.8 Hz), 2.62-2.73 (m, IH), 2.80-2.90 (m, IH), 4.15- 4.23 (m, 2H), 4.33-4.50 (m, IH), 6.92 (d, 2H, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.23 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.93 (d, IH, J = 4.2 Hz), 8.10 (d, IH, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.72 (s, IH), 10.38 (s, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 448 (M+H)+. Anal, calcd for C24H37N3O5»0.25H2O: C, 63.76; H, 8.36; N, 9.29. Found: C, 63.74; H, 8.32; N, 8.43. [α] +2° (c 0.2, DMF).
Example 13
Example 1 A
The desired compound 3a was prepared by coupling of 12a and p-iodo-phenylalanine-N- methylamide hydrochloride using the described above for the preparation of ja.
Example 13B
To a solution of the compound of 13a (0.65g, 1.93 mmol) in acetonitrile (25 mL) in a glass bomb was added triethylamine (1.63 ml, 16 mmol). Argon was bubbled through the solution for five minutes foUowed by rapid addition of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (127mg, 10 mol%). The bomb was then sealed and heated at 80 C for 2hours. After cooling, the solution was concentrated and purified by flash chromatography (40% ethyl acetate-hexanes) to give the desired compound 13b (146mg) as a white sohd.
Example 13C
The desired compound was prepared from 13b according to the method of Examples IF and G. 'H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.7-(-0.4) (m, IH). 0.42-2.2 (series of m, 12H), 0.6-0.7 (narrow m, 3H). 0.8-0.9 (narrow m. 3H), 2.6-2.7 (narrow m. 3H), 3.0-3.2 (m. 3H), 4.2-5.0 (m, 3H), 7.0-8.0 (m, 6H), 8.6-8.7 (m, IH). MS (DCI NH3) m/e 430 (M+H)+.
Example 14
Bu
To a 0 °C solution of nBuLi (2.5M/Hexanes, 14.25 mL) in diethyl ether (5mL) was added bromobenzene (5.55g, 35.6mmol) over a few minutes. The resulting yellow solution aUowed to stir cold for 45 minutes and then was cannulated into a -78 °C solution of N-Boc-O-tBu-L-tyrosine (3.0g, 8.9mmol) in diethyl ether (75mL). The reaction mixture was warmed to 0 °C over 1.5 hours and then was quenched with 2N citric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with diethyl ether and the combined organic extracts were washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate 9:1) afforded the desired compound 14a (1-84 g) which was carried on without further purification.
Example 14B
A solution of the 14a (1.8 g, 4.7mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid was stirred at 0C for 30 minutes. The excess trifluoroacetic acid was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was taken up in I N HCl in ether and stirred for 30 minutes. The mixture was diluted with diethyl ether (70mL) and the resulting soUd fUtered. The extremely hygroscopic solid was dried in a vacuum oven for several hours, transferred into a round bottom flask and dried under high vacuum for 16 hours to give the desired compound 14b (0.48 g) as a hygroscopic, white HCl salt.
Example 14C
The desired compound was prepared from 14b and succinate ester 3 according to the method of Examples lA-C. mp 210-220° (Dec). >H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.30 (s, IH), 8.63 (s, IH), 8.17-8.14 (d, 9.2H), 8.10-8.07 (d, 2H, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.66-7.63 (t, IH, J =
7.3 Hz), 7.56-7.51 (t, 2H, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.43-7.40 (d, IH, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.25-7.22 (d, IH, J =
8.4 Hz), 6.96-6.94 (d, IH, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.85-6.83 (d, IH, J = 8.5 Hz), 5.68-5.61 (m, 2H), 3.09-3.03 (m, IH), 2.77-2.68 (m, IH), 2.17-2.13 (m, IH), 1.71-1.69 (m, IH), 1.50-1.49 (m, IH), 1.34-1.31 (m, 2H), 1.16-1.05 (m, 3H), 0.78-0.62 (m, 5H), 0.47-0.45 (d, 3H. J = 7.3 Hz). 0.00-(-)0.08 (m, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 481 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C28H36N2O5 «0.5H2O: C, 68.68; H, 7.61; N, 5.72. Found: C, 68.88; H, 7.88; N, 5.10. [CC]D: +21.3°(c = 0.46, DMF).
Example 15
To a solution of methylmagnesium bromide (35ml, 3.0M in Et2θ, 105.6 mmol) in dry toluene( 140ml) was added pyrrole (12ml, 171.9mmol) dropwise at -40 °C under nitrogen. The resulting solution was then stirred at -10 °C for 10 minutes and then was cannulated into a solution of BOC-L-tyrosine methyl ester (3.9g, 13.2mmol) in dry toluene (40ml) at -65 °C. The temperature was allowed to warm to - 10 °C over 4 hours and the reaction was quenched by addition of 2N citric acid. The reaction mixture was extracted with CH2CI2 (3x), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (30% ethyl acetate-hexanes) to give the desired compound 15a (2.46 g, 56%) as a light brown foam.
Example 15B
Compound 15a (720mg, 2.18mmol) was dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid (5ml) and stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes. The solvent was evaporated to give 15b (900mg) as a brown oU which was used without further purification.
Example 15C
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 14C, except substituting 15b for 14b. m.p. 242 °C (dec). lH NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.02-(-0.15) (m, IH), 0.53-0.88 (m, 4H), 0.61 (d, 3H, J = 3 Hz), 0.79 (d, 3H, J = 3 Hz), 0.90-1.04 (m, IH), 1.07-1.40 (m, 5H), 1.42-1.60 (broad, IH), 1.65- 1.76 (dt, IH, J = 3, 9 Hz), 2.19-2.30 (dt, IH, J = 3, 12 Hz), 2.65-2.78 (IH), 3.0-3.1 (dd, IH, J = 3, 15 Hz), 4.04-4.07 (m, 2H), 5.21- 5.32 (m, IH), 6.24-6.28 (m, IH), 6.81-6.88 (dd, IH, J = 3, 9 Hz), 6.91-6.99 (dd, IH, J = 3, 9 Hz), 7.14 (IH), 7.25-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.39-7.46 (dd, IH, J = 3, 9 Hz), 8.12 (d, IH, J = 9 Hz), 8.69 (s, IH), 10.31 (s, IH), 11.93 (s, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 470 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for
C26H35N3O5Η2O: C, 64.04; H, 7.64; N, 8.61. Found: C, 64.00; H, 7.61; N, 8.44. [CC]D: +97.3°(c = 0.26, EtOH).
Example 16
To a solution of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl p-nitro-phenylalanine (Sigma) (0.78g, 2.51 mmol) in DMF (12.5 mL) was added EDC (0.53 g, 2.77 mmol), HOBT (0.37 g, 2.77 mmol), NMM (0.30 g, 2.77 mmol) and methylamine hydrochloride (0.19 g, 2.77 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and brine. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate extracts were washed with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude material was purified by flash chromatography (60% ethyl acetate-hexanes) to give 16a (0.8 g, 98%).
Example 16B
The desired compound was prepared by deprotection of 16j| by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid according to the procedure of Example 15B, followed by coupUng with succinate ester 3_ and hydroboration/oxidation using the method of Examples 1 A and B.
Example 16C
To a solution of the compound 16b (207 mg, 0.397 mmol) in CH2CI2 was added Jones' reagent dropwise until the orange color of the reagent was preserved, then ethyl alcohol was added dropwise to quench the excess Jones' reagent (the color changed to green). The mixture was evaporated to a small volume and partitioned between CH2CI2 and brine. The aqueous phase pH was adjusted to 2. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 (3x). The combined CH2CI2 extracts were dried (MgSO4), filtered and evaporated to give the desired compound 16c (209 mg) which was used without further purification.
Example 16D
A mixture of j^c (205 mg, 0.383 mmol) and 10% Pd/C (40 mg) in EtOH was stirred under H2 (latm) for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was fUtered through Celite and the residue was washed thoroughly with 10% methanol-CH2θ2. The filtrate and washings were collected and evaporated to dryness to give 16d (193 mg) as a pale brown solid which was used without further purification.
Example 16E
To a solution of I (190 mg, 0.376 mmol) in CH2CI2 (4 mL) was added triethylamine (156.9 mL, 1.13 mmol) followed by bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride (143.7 mg, 0.564 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, the mixture was poured into CH2CI2 and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and brine. The aqueous layer was then extracted twice with CH2CI2. The combined CH2CI2 layers were dried (MgSO4), filtered and evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography (2%-5% methanol- CH2CI2) gave jϋe (87.7 mg).
Example 16F
The desired compound was prepared from 16e according to the method of Examples IF and G. mp: >250 °C. lH NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.09 (m, IH), 0.78 (d, 3H, J = 6.2 Hz), 0.85 (d, 3H, J = 6.2 Hz), 0.78-0.85 (m, 2H), 1.10-1.40 (m, 6H), 1.60-1.75 (m, 2H), 2.12 (m, IH), 2.22 (m, IH), 2.63 (d, 3H, J = 4.5 Hz), 2.74 (t, IH, J = 13.2 Hz), 2.99 (dd, IH, J = 13.2, 3 Hz), 4.5 (m, IH), 7.10 (m, 2H), 7.37 (m, 2H), 7.84 (bs, IH), 8.08 (bs, 2H), 9.09 (s, IH), 10.15 (bs, IH). MS (DCI-NH3) 447 (M+H)+, 429, 403, 283. [α] = +50.0 ° (c=0.11, CH3OH).
Example 17
Example 17 A
To a solution of 16b (449 mg, 0.863 mmol) in CH2CI2 was added triethylamine (0.18 mL, 1.29 mmol) and methanesulfonyl chloride (0.080 mL, 1.04 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 0.5 hours, the mixture was poured into CH2CI2 and washed with NaHCO3 and brine. The CH2CI2 was dried (MgSO4), filtered and evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography (40-80% ethyl acetate-hexanes) gave jTa (428 mg, 83%) as white crystals.
Example 17B
A mixture of 12a (420 mg, 0.701 mmol), 10%Pd/C (50 mg) and triethylamine (0.098 mL, 0.701 mmol) in isopropanol (4 mL) was stirred under H2 (latm) for 10 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through CeUte and the residue was washed thoroughly with 10% methanol- CH2CI2. The filtrate and washings were combined and evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography (2-5% methanol-CH2Cl2) provided 17b (280.4 mg, 84.4%) as white crystals.
Example 17C
The desired compound was prepared from 17b according to the method of Example IF. mp 194-196 °C (dec). lH NMR (500 MHZ, DMSO-d6, 30 °C) δ 0.03 (t, IH, J = 11 Hz), 0.74 (d, 3H, J = 6.1 Hz), 0.67-0.84 (m, 3H), 0.85 (d, 3H, J = 6.1 Hz), 1.03-1.08 (m, 4H), 1.32- 1.38 (m, 3H), 1.89 (dt, IH, J = 11.2, 3.4 Hz), 3.0 (dt, IH, J = 11.1, 3.4 Hz), 2.62 (d, 3H, J = 4.8 Hz), 2.66 (t, IH, J = 12.5 Hz), 2.98 (dd, IH, J = 12.5, 4.2 Hz), 3.17 (m, 2H), 4.5 (m, IH), 7 (bs. IH), 7.09 (bs, IH), 7.18 (bs, IH), 7.31 (bs, IH), 7.76 (q, IH, J = 4.8 Hz), 8.05 (d, IH, J = 9.1 Hz), 12.07 (bs, IH). MS (DCI-NH3) 418 (M+H)+, 401, 229. Anal calcd for C23H35N3O4-l.8CF3COOI-M.8H2O: C, 48.83; H, 6.22; N, 6.42. Found: C, 48.68; H, 6.30; N, 6.73. [α] = -10.7 ° (c=0.14, CH3OH)
Example 18
Example 18 A
To a solution of 17b (230mg, 0.486 mmol) in THF (4 mL) was added saturated NaHCO3 (3 mL) followed by benzyl chloroformate (0.083 mL, 0.583 mmol). The mixture was stirrined at ambient temperature for 2 hours and then was evaporated to a smaU volume. The residue was partitioned between CH2CI2 and brine. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted with twice with CH2CI2 and the combined CH2CI2 layers were dried, filtered and evaporated to dryness. Rash chromatography (60%-80% ethyl acetate-hexanes) yielded 18a (264 mg, 89.7%) as a white solid.
Example 18B
The desired compound was prepared from 18a according to the procedure of Examples IF and G. mp: >250 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ 0.0 (m, IH), 0.65-0.90 (m, 3H), 0.79 (d, 3H, J = 6.2 Hz), 0.89 (d, 3H, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.02-1.40 (m, 7H),1.73 (dt, IH, J = 11.4, 3.0 Hz), 2.30 (dt, IH, J = 11.5, 3.0 Hz), 2.68 (d. 3H, J = 4.8 Hz), 2.77 (d, IH, J = 13.2 Hz), 3.02 (dd, IH, J = 13.2, 3 Hz), 3.71 (m, IH), 3.93 (m, IH), 4.57 (m, IH), 5.14 (s, 2H), 7.16 (dd, IH, J = 7.5, 0.6 Hz), 7.26 (m, IH), 7.37-7.41 (m, 7H), 7.83 (q, IH, J = 4.8 Hz), 8.13 (d, IH, J = 9 Hz), 8.76 (s, IH), 10.36 (s, IH). MS (DCI-NH3) m/e 567 (M+H)+, 523, 356. Anal, calcd for C31H42N4O6O.4H2O: C, 64.87; H, 7.51; N, 9.76. Found: C, 64.79; H, 7.32; N, 9.8. [α] = - 42.4 ° (c=0.13, CH3OH)
Example 19
A mixture of the compound of Example 18 (27.0 mg, 0.048 mmol) and 10% Pd/C (5 mg) in TΗF-MeOH (10:1, 22 mL) was stirred under H2 (latm) for 4 hours. The mixture was filtered through CeUte, and the residue was washed thoroughly with 10% MeOH/CH2θ2. The filtrate and washings were combined and evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography (5%-8%-10% methanol-CH2Cl2) gave the desired compound (10.3 mg, 50%). mp 258-260 °C (dec). *H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.06 (t, IH, J = 11 Hz), 0.72 (d, 3H, J = 6.5 Hz), 0.82 (d, 3H, J = 6.5 Hz), 0.72-0.82 (m, 4H), 0.88-1.10 (m, 3H), 1.18-1.32 (m, 2H), 1.52 (bs, IH), 1.69 (m, IH), 2.18 (m, IH), 2.53 (d, IH, J = 13 Hz), 2.60 (d, 3H, J = 4.5 Hz), 2.17 (dd, IH, J = 13, 2.5 Hz), 3.08 (bs, 2H), 4.42 (m, IH), 5.11 (m, IH), 6.50 (d, IH, J = 7.5 Hz), 6.59 (d, IH, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.02 (t, 2H, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.60 (q, IH, J = 4.5 Hz), 7.81 (d, IH, J = 9 Hz), 8.64 (s, IH), 10.27 (s, IH). MS (DCI-NH3) m/e 433 (M+H)+, 415, 389. Anal calcd for C23H36N4O4-0.8 CF3COOH O.8 CH3COOH O.8 THF: C, 56.60; H, 7.70; N, 9.23. Found: C, 56.37; H, 7.79; N, 9.09.
Example 20
Example 20A
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1 A-C, F and G, except substituting succinate ester 3_ for succinate ester 1. mp > 270 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ - 0.3-(-0.1) (m, IH), 0.6-0.9 (m, 3H), 0.63 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.72 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz). 0.9- 1.0 (m, IH), 1.0-1.6 (m, 6H), 0.6-0.7 (m, IH), 2.19 (dt, IH, J = 11.1, 3.3 Hz), 2.67 (t, IH, J = 13.2 Hz), 3.2 (dd, IH, J = 13.2, 3.3 Hz), 4.1-4.3 (m, 2H), 4.7-4.8 (m, IH), 5.15 (apparent AB, 2H, J = 12.6 Hz), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.22 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (m, 5H), 8.12 (d, IH, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.69 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) 511 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for
C29H38N2θ6»0.5H2O: C, 67.03; H, 7.56; N, 5.39. Found: C, 67.18; H, 7.57; N, 5.32. [α] +9° (c 0.4, MeOH).
Example 21
The desired compound was prepared by hydrogenation of the compound of Example 20 using the procedure of Example ID except substituting THF for methanol. mp > 250 °C. lH NMR (DMSO) δ -0.2-(-0.1) (m, IH), 0.6-1.4 (m, 9H), 0.72 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.83 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 1.4-1.6 (m, 2H), 1.6-1.75 (m, IH), 2.15-2.3 (m, IH), 2.62 (t, IH, J = 12.9 Hz),
3.1-3.2 (m, IH), 4.1-4.25 (m, 2H), 4.5-4.6 (m, IH), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.20 (apparent t, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.99 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.70 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). 13C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.45, 21.53, 22.0, 22.1, 24.1 , 24.3, 24.5, 25.4, 28.1, 35.7, 40.9, 46.1, 46.2, 53.3, 65.9, 1 14.7, 117.7, 1 18.5, 128.3, 129.7, 130.4, 131.1, 154.0, 170.0, 173.0, 173.1. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 421 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C22H32N2O6»1.4H2O: C. 59.28; H, 7.87; N, 6.28. Found: C, 59.36; H, 7.51; N, 6.13. [cc] +28° (c 0.3, MeOH).
Example 22
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IE, F and G, except substituting N,N-dimethylethylenediamine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp 121-124°C. IH NMR (DMSO) δ -0.6-(-0.4) (m, IH), 0.6-1.0 (m, 3H), 0.71 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.79 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 1.1-1.4 (m, 3H), 1.5-1.7 (m, 3H), 2.0-2.2 (m, IH), 2.62 (t, IH, J = 13.5 Hz), 3.0-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.3-3.6 (m, 2H), 3.9-4.1 (m, 2H), 4.4 (br s, IH), 4.6-4.7 (m, IH), 6.92 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.15-7.30 (m, 2H), 7.84 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.15 (t, IH, J =
5.7 Hz), 9.50 (br s, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 477 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C25H4oN4O5»1.5 TFA»0.3H2O: C, 51.50; H, 6.50; N, 8.58. Found: C, 51.53; H, 6.62; N, 8.39. [α] +41° (c 0.3, H2O).
Example 23
Example 23A
A solution of 23a (1.19g, 2.06 mmol, prepared according to the method of Examples 1A- E, except substituting succinate ester 3 for succinate ester 1, and substituting commercially avaUable 2-aminoacetophenone hydrochloride for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide) and ammonium acetate (4.56g, 59.4 mmol) in 10 mL acetic acid at 115 °C was stirred for 6 hours and then cooled to ambient temperature. The acetic acid was removed under vacuum and the orange sohd was redissolved in 100 mL ethyl acetate and 50 mL H2O. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2x) and the combined organic layers were washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and brine, dried with MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. This material was flash chromatographed (CH2CI2 then 2% MeOH/C^Ctø to give 23b (856 mg) as a brick-red foam.
Example 23B
The desired compound was prepared as a white soUd from 23b using the procedure of Examples IF and G. mp > 250°C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.1-0 (m, IH), 0.6-0.9 (m, IH), 0.68 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.85 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.9-1.4 (m, 7H), 1.4-1.8 (m, 3H), 2.2-2.3 (m, IH), 2.88 (t, IH, J = 12.9 Hz), 3.22 (dd, IH, J = 13.5,4.2 Hz), 4.1-4.3 (m, 2H), 5.1-5.3 (m, IH), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.1-7.2 (m, IH), 7.25-7.35 (m, 4H), 7.53 (d, IH, J = 1.8 Hz), 7.76 (d, 2H, J = 6.9 Hz), 8.01 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.66 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH), 11.8 (s, IH). MS (DC1/NH3) m/e 519 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C30H38N4O.rl.3H2O: C, 66.47; H, 7.55; N, 10.34. Found: C, 66.60; H, 7.60; N, 10.23. [α] -35° (c 0.8, MeOH).
Example 24
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1 A-C, F and G, except substituting commerciaUy succinate ester 3. for succinate ester 1, and substituting commerciaUy-available O-benzyl-(L)-proline hydrochloride for 4-(2- aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 250 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.3-(-0.1) (m, IH), 0.6- 0.9 (m, 3H), 0.70 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.81 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.9-1.0 (m, IH), 1.0-1.4 (m, 5H), 1.4-1.6 (m, IH), 1.6- 1.7 (m, IH), 1.8-2.1 (m, 3H), 2.1-2.3 (m, 2H), 2.60 (t, IH, J = 13.2 Hz), 2.8-2.9 (m, IH), 3.75-3.85 (m, 2H), 4.1-4.3 (m, 2H), 4.37 (dd, IH, J = 8.7, 5.1 Hz), 4.7- 4.8 (m, IH), 5.13 (AB pattern, 2H), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.26 (d, 2H, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (m,
5H), 8.07 (d, IH, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.69 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 608 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for: C34H45N3O7O.8H2O: C, 65.64; H, 7.55; N. 6.75. Found: C, 65.69; H, 7.09; N, 6.68. [α] -9 ° (c 0.3, MeOH).
Example 25
The desired compound was prepared as an off-white sohd from the compound of Example 24 using the hydrogenolysis procedure of Example 21. mp > 250 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.2-(- 0.1) (m, IH), 0.6-0.8 (m, 3H), 0.70 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.81 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.9-1.0 (m, IH), 1.0-1.4 (m, 5H), 1.4-1.6 (m, IH), 1.6-1.7 (m, IH), 1.8-2.1 (m, 3H), 2.1-2.3 (m, 2H), 2.65 (t, IH, J = 13.2 Hz), 2.9-3.0 (m, IH), 3.7-3.9 (m, 2H), 4.1-4.3 (m, 3H), 4.6-4.7 (m, IH), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.2-7.3 (m. 2H), 8.06 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.68 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH), 12.1- 12.4 (br s, IH). *3C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.7, 22.2, 24.2, 24.7, 24.9, 25.5, 28.3, 28.7, 35.1, 40.8, 46.1 , 46.3, 46.6, 52.4, 58.7, 66.1, 1 17.9, 118.6, 128.7, 130.4, 131.4, 154.1, 169.8, 170.1, 173.0, 173.4. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 518 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for 027^9^07* 1.0H2O: C, 60.54; H, 7.71; N, 7.84. Found: C, 60.53; H, 7.73; N, 7.51. [α] +16° (c 0.3, MeOH).
Example 26
The desired compound was prepared as an off-white solid according to the method of Examples 1 A-E, except substituting succinate ester 3 for succinate ester 1 and omitting 4-(2- aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide and substituting methanol for DMF in Example IE. mp > 250°C. JH NMR (DMSO) δ -0.25-(-0.1) (m, IH), 0.6-1.0 (m, 4H), 0.75 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz),
0.84 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 1.0-1.2 (m, 2H), 1.2-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.4-1.6 (m, 2H), 1.6-1.7 (m, IH), 2.22 (dt, IH, J = 11.4, 3.3 Hz), 2.64 (t, IH, J = 13.2 Hz), 3.1-3.2 (m, IH), 3.65 (s, 3H), 4.1- 4.3 (m, 2H), 4.6-4.7 (m, IH), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.2-7.25 (m, 2H), 8.10 (d, IH, J = 9.6 Hz), 8.71 (s, IH), 10.33 (s, IH). 13C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.4, 22.1, 24.0, 24.3, 24.6, 25.4, 28.1, 35.4, 40.9, 46.15, 46.24, 51.8, 52.9, 65.9, 117.8, 118.6, 128.3, 129.9, 131.2, 154.1, 169.9, 172.0, 173.2. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 435 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C23H34N2O6O.4H2O: C, 62.54; H, 7.94; N, 6.34. Found: C, 62.59; H, 7.81; N, 6.22. [α] +24° (c 0.3, MeOH).
Example 27
The desired compound was prepared as a white sohd according to the method of Example 1, except substituting succinate ester 3 for succinate ester 1 and substituting piperidine for 4-(2- aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 250°C. 2H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.2-0 (m, IH), 0.6-0.8 (m, IH), 0.71 (d. 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.81 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.9-1.05 (m, IH), 1.05-1.8 (m, 14H). 2.1-2.2 (m, IH), 2.7-2.8 (m, 2H). 3.2-3.3 (m, IH), 3.5-3.7 (m, 3H), 3.75-3.85 (m, IH), 4.0-4.3 (m, 2H), 4.9-5.0 (m, IH), 6.8-6.9 (m, IH), 6.9-7.0 (m, IH), 7.2-7.3 (m, 2H), 8.03 (d, IH, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.67 (d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz), 10.29 (d. IH, J = 1.5 Hz). 1 C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.7, 22.1, 24.1, 24.2, 24.9, 25.3, 25.5, 26.3, 28.2, 35.9, 40.9, 42.5, 46.0, 46.3, 49.8, 66.0, 117.9, 1 18.3, 118.4, 128.8, 130.5, 131.4, 154.1, 169.5, 170.1, 172.7. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 488 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C27H4iN3O5.0.4H2O: C, 65.54; H, 8.51; N, 8.49. Found: C, 65.64; H, 8.49; N, 8.39. [α] +78 ° (c 0.25, MeOH).
Example 28
The desired compound was prepared as a white sohd according to the method of Example 1 , except substituting succinate ester 3. for succinate ester 1 and substituting dimethylamine hydrochloride for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 250 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ - 0.2-0.0 (m, IH), 0.6-0.8 (m, 2H), 0.71 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.81 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.9-1.0 (m, IH), 1.1-1.6 ( , 6H), 1.65-1.75 (m, IH), 2.20 (dt, IH, J = 11.1, 3.0 Hz), 2.66 (t, IH, J = 12.9 Hz), 2.84 (s, 3H), 2.8-2.9 (m, IH), 3.19 (s, 3H), 4.05-4.25 (m, 2H), 4.9-5.0 (m, IH), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.2-7.3 (m, 2H), 8.03 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.67 (d, IH, J = 2.1 Hz), 10.30 (d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 448 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C24H37N3O5O.7H2O: C, 62.64; H, 8.41; N, 9.13. Found: C, 62.80; H, 8.30; N, 8.87. [α] +53° (c 0.3, MeOH).
Example 29
Example 29A l-tert-butyldimethylsUyl-3-bromoindole To a cold (-78°) solution of indole (4.0g, 34mmol) in THF (120mL) was added nBuLi (2.5M/Hexanes) over 5 minutes. The solution was warmed to -10° (ice/salt bath) for 15 minutes, re-cooled to -78° and TBDMS-Cl (5.8g, 38mmol) was added in THF (30mL). The solution was held at 0° for 3 hours, cooled to -78° and N-Bromosuccinimide (6.0g, 34mmol) was added in one portion. The solution was stirred coldfor 2 hours and then was allowed to warm to ambient temperature at which time hexane/pyridine (lOOmL/lmL) was added to the solution and the resulting suspension was filtered over CeUte. The organics were evaporated and the residue quickly purified by flash chromatography (hexanes/methylene chloride 2: 1) giving 8.5g of the desired compound as a slightly purple solid.
To a 0 °C solution of nBuLi (2.5M/hexanes, 9.6 mL) in diethyl ether (10 mL) was added l^ tert-butyldimethylsilyl-3-bromoindole (7.4g, 24mmol) in diethyl ether (5 mL). The resulting pale yellow solution was stirred cold for 25 minutes then was added to a -78 °C solution of N-tert- butoxycarbony-O-tert-butyl-L-tyrosine (2.0g, 6mmol) in diethyl ether (150 mL). The solution was warmed to 0°, held for lhour, and quenched with saturated aqueous NH4CI (25mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether (3x), and the combined organics washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated. Flash chromatography (gradient elution; 0.5-2% acetone/hexane) gave 0.5g of 29b as a reddish foam.
Example 29C
To a solution of 29b (1.41g, 2.56mmol) in 30mL dry THF was added 2.6mL tetrabutylammonium fluoride (IM in THF) over 1 minute. The greenish solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour and diluted with diethyl ether. The organics were washed with water (2x) and brine, dried (MgSO4), fUtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 29c (1.3 g) as a reddish foam.
Example 29D
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 14B and C, except substituting 29c for 14a. mp 250° (dec). lH NMR (DMSO-dό) δ 12.00 (s, IH), 10.28 (s, IH), 8.65 (s, IH), 8.59 (s, IH), 8.21-8.15 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.44 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.16 (m, 3H), 6.91-6.82 (m, 2H), 5.41-5.38 (m, IH), 4.31-4.05 (m, 2H), 3.06-3.01 (m, IH), 2.88-2.80 (m, IH), 2.25-2.17 (m, IH), 1.72-1.71 (m, IH), 1.81-1.67 (m, IH), 1.35-1.23 (m, IH), 1.16-106 (m, 4H), 0.77-0.43 (m, 8H), 0.01-(-)0.06 (m, IH). MS (DC1 NH3) m/e 520 (M+H)+. [CC]D: +12.5°(C = 0.12, DMF).
Example 30
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IA, B, C and F, except substituting succinate ester 4 for succinate ester 1, and substituting L-tyrosine N- methylamide hydrochloride for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt, mp >270°C. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.02-(-0.11) (complex, IH), 0.56-0.85 (complex, 2H), 0.91-1.56 (complex, 10H), 1.86-1.97 (m, IH), 2.08-2.19 (m, IH), 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.30-2.64 (complex, 3H), 2.57 (d, 3H, J = 5.1 Hz), 2.95 (dd, IH, J = 12.9, 3.0 Hz), 4.05-4.16 (m, IH), 4.16-4.26 (m, IH), 4.50 (m, IH), 6.81 (dd, IH, J = 2.1, 8.4 Hz), 6.93 (dd, IH, J = 2.1, 8.4 Hz), 6.98-7.07 (complex, 4H), 7.15 (m, IH), 7.22 (m, IH), 7.75 (m, IH), 8.12 (d, IH, J = 9.0 Hz), 12.08 (s, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) 495 (M+H)\ 391. Anal calcd for C29H38N2O5: C, 70.41; H, 7.74; N, 5.66. Found: C, 70.19; H, 7.66; N, 5.85.
Example 31
The desired compound was prepared from the compound of Example 30 according to the procedure of Example IG. mp >270°C. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.22-(-0.12) (complex, IH), 0.62-0.73 (complex, 2H), 0.88-1.57 (complex, 9H), 1.68-1.79 (complex, IH), 2.14 (m, IH), 2.23-2.37 (m, IH), 2.25 (s, 3H), 2.41-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.54 (d, 3H, J = 4.2 Hz), 2.94 (m, IH), 4.06-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.47 (m, IH), 6.81 (dd, IH, J = 2.4, 7.8 Hz), 6.92 (dd, IH, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz), 6.99-7.07 (complex, 4H), 7.16 (dd, IH, J = 2.4, 8.7 Hz), 7.22 (dd, IH, J = 2.4, 8.7 Hz), 7.66 (m, IH), 8.05 (d, IH, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.70 (s, IH), 10.33 (s, IH). MS (APCI) 510 (M+H)+, 492, 477, 461. Anal. Calcd for C29H39N3O5: C, 68.34; H, 7.71; N, 8.24. Found: C, 68.07; H, 8.00; N, 8.16.
Example 32
Example 32A
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IA, except substituting succinate ester 5 for succinate ester 1.
Example 32B
To a 0 °C solution of epimeric amides 3_2b_ (1.67g, 2.24 mmol) in THF (15 mL) was added tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1.0M in THF, 6.5 mL, 6.5 mmol) dropwise via syringe over 5 minutes. After 30 minutes the cooUng bath was removed and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours at which time it was poured into a separatory funnel containing H2O and ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic layers were dried with Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. Flash chromatography (50-80% EtOAc-hexanes) afforded 32c (1.23 g) as an epimeric mixture of diols as a colorless foam.
Example 32D
The desired compound was prepared from 32c by ring closure, hydrolysis of the tert-butyl ester, conversion to the hydroxamic acid and debenzylation according to the method of Examples IC, F, G and D. lH NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.4-(-0.51) (m, IH), 0.52-0.93 (m, 3H), 1.12-1.20 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.42 (m, IH), 1.44-1.63 (m, 3H), 1.68-1.80 (m, IH), 1.98-2.08 (m, IH), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.31-2.39 (m, IH), 2.40-2.51 (m, IH), 2.52-2.63 (m, IH), 3.24 (dd, 2H, J = 4.5, 4.8 Hz), 3.91-4.14 (m, 2H), 4.58-4.7 (m, IH), 6.89 (d, 2H, J=8.1 Hz), 7.01 (s, 4H), 7.18 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.96 (d, IH, J = 9.9 Hz), 8.70 (bs, IH), 10.4 (s, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 483 (m+H)+. [α ] (MeOH) = +24° (MeOH).
Example 33
Example 33A
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IA, except substituting succinate ester 6 for succinate ester 1, and substituting L-tyrosine N-methylamide hydrochloride for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt.
Example 33B
The desired compound was prepared from 33e by desUylation according to the method of
Example 32D, followed by ring closure and saponification of the tert-butyl ester according to the method of Examples IC and F. mp 193-195°C. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ -0.30-(-0.17) (complex, IH), 0.61-0.78 (complex, 1 H), 0.79-0.98 (complex, 2H), 0.96 (t, 3H, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.30-1.66
(complex, 6H), 1.96-2.17 (complex, 2H), 2.37 (m, 2H), 2.44-2.60 (complex, 3H), 2.64 (d, 3H, J = 5.1 Hz), 3.10 (m, IH), 4.05 (m, 2H), 4.66 (m, IH), 6.89-6.96 (complex, 4H), 7.05 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.89 (m, IH), 8.02 (d, IH, J = 9.6 Hz), 12.07 (s, IH). MS (ESI+) 495 (M+H), 464, 436. Anal calcd for C29H38N2O5» 0.75 H2O: C, 68.54; H, 7.83; N, 5.51. Found: C, 68.63; H, 7.73; N, 5.40.
Example 34
The desired compound was prepared from the product of Example 33 according to the method of Example IG. mp >260 °C. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ -0.30-(0.17) (complex, IH), 0.61- 0.95 (complex, 3H), 0.86 (t, 3H, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.28-1.40 (complex, 2H), 1.47-1.63 (complex, 4H), 1.73-1.85 (m, IH), 2.06-2.16 (complex, IH), 2.26-2.40 (complex, 2H), 2.24-2.59 (complex, 3H), 2.63 (d, 3H, J = 4.7 Hz). 3.09 (m, IH), 3.91-4.18 (m, 2H), 4.62 (m, IH), 6.89- 6.96 (m, 4H), 7.05 (d, 2H, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.18-7.24 (complex, 2H), 7.88 (m, IH), 8.01 (d, IH, J = 9.1 Hz), 8.66 (s, IH), 10.33 (s, IH). MS (ES1+) m/e 510 (M+H)+, 477. Anal calcd for C29H39N3O5: C, 68.34; H, 7.71; N, 8.24. Found: C, 68.06; H, 7.41; N, 8.14.
Example 35
Example 35A
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 8A, C and D except substituting N-α-t-BOC-N-ε-Cbz-L-lysine for BOC-L-tyrosine in Example 8A and substituting succinate ester 2 for 8b.
Example 35B
To a -78 °C solution of oxalyl chloride (154 ul, 224 mg, 1.765 mmol) in anhydrous CH2CI2 (3 mL) was added a solution of anhydrous DMSO (251 ul, 276 mg, 3.54 mmol) in anhydrous CH2CI2 (3 mL) dropwise. The suspension was stirred for lhour at -70 °C and a solution of 25a (500 mg, 0.887 mmol) in anhydrous CH2CI2 (3 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 6 hours at -70 °C and triethylamine (390 ul, 283 mg, 2.80 mmol) was added and the resulting yellow solution was stirred for lhour at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with saturated aqueous NH4CI and CH2CI2. The aqueous phase was washed with 10% isopropanol-CHCl3. the combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4 and filtered and the filtrate was concentrated leaving a yeUow gum which was purified using flash chromatography (3% methanol-CH2Cl2) to give 35b (411 mg) as a foamy white solid (82% yield).
Example 35C
The desired compound was prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of 35b (methanol, palladium hydroxide on carbon, 1 atm. H2) for 3 days.
Example 35D
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 18, except substituting 35c for the compound of Example 17.
Example 35E
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IF and G, except substituting 35d for 8e. JH NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.55 (s, IH), 8.80 (s, IH), 8.31 (d, IH, J = 12 Hz), 7.65 (d, IH, J = 12 Hz), 7.24-7.39 (c, 5H), 4.91-5.04 (c, 2H), 4.20- 4.30 (c, IH), 2.99-3.35 (c, 5H), 2.76-2.85 (c, IH), 2.73 (d, 3H, J = 3 Hz), 1.94-2.04 (c, IH), 1.06-1.72 (c, 12H), 0.72-0.95 (c, 6H). 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 173.1, 172.0, 169.7, 155.1, 136.2, 127.7, 127.0, 126.7, 65.4, 49.9, 49.4, 48.8, 48.7, 45.0, 28.8, 28.5, 27.1, 26.8, 26.6, 24.71, 24.70, 23.4, 22.1, 20.9. MS (ESI) m/e 527(M+Na), 522(M+NH4), 505(M+H). IR
(KBr) 3420, 2940, 1630, 1540 cm-1. HRMS (ESI) Theory: 505.3026. Found: 505.3023.
Example 36
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 19, except substituting the compound of Example 35 for the compound of Example 18.
Example 37
Example 37A
To a 0 °C solution in dichloromethane (18 mL) of 35a (1.0 g, 1.77 mmol) was added triethylamine (697 μl, 506 mg, 5.0 mmol) followed by the dropwise addition of methanesulfonyl chloride (310 ul, 458 mg, 4.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 minutes and then at ambient temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2CI2 and water. The aqueous phase was washed once with CH2CI2. The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 37a as a yeUow gum (1.13 g) which was used without further purification.
Example 37B
M
The desired compound was prepared by hydrogenation of 37a (methanol, 10% paUadium on carbon, 1 atm H2) for 3 days.
Example 37 C
To a solution of 37b (732 mg, 1.44 mmol) in dichloromethane (40 mL) was added triethylamine (418 μL, 304 mg, 3.0 mmol) and a solution of 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride (335 mg, 1.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (8 mL) was added dropwise and stirring at was continued for 3 hours. The reaction solution was washed with water, saturated NaHCO3 and brine. The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and the filtrate concenttated to give a green-brown soUd which was purified using flash chromatography (3% MeOH-dichloromethane) to give 37c as a white solid (591mg, 59% yield).
Example 37D
Compound 27 (590mg. 0.85mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous DMF (45ml) and to that solution was added K2CO3 (235mg, 1.7mmol) as a solid and the suspension stirred at RT over 3 days.
The reaction mixture was dUuted with 40ml water and extracted 1 X 400ml with ether. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and the filtrate concenttated to a yeUow solid which was purified using flash chromatography eluting with 30% EtOAc/CH2Cl2 to give a white sohd (166mg, 33% yield).
Example 37E
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IF and G, except substituting 37d for If. *H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.46(d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz), 8.78 (d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz), 8.29 (bd, IH, J = 9 Hz), 7.77-7.97 (c, 4H), 7.45-7.54 (c, IH), 4.20-4.33 (c, IH), 2.93-3.16 (c, 2H), 2.61-2.85(c. 2H), 2.56 (d, 3H, J = 4.5 Hz), 1.97-2.07 (c, IH),
1.21-1.81 (c, 13H), 0.81-0.94 (c, 4H), 0.78 (d. 3H, J = 6 Hz). MS (APCI) m/e 573 (M+NH4)+, 556 (M+H)+.
Example 38A
To a methanol solution (150 mL) of 38a (3.39 g, 5.52 mmol), prepared by ring closure of 32c using the method of Example IC, was added dry 10%Pd/C (340 mg) and the mixture was stirred under 4 atm of hydrogen in a pressurized reaction vessel for 2 hours at room temperature. The mixture was filtered through a CeUte pad with methanol washings. The filtrate was concenttated to provide 38b (2.83 g) as a white foam.
Example 38B
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IE, F and G, except substituting 38b for If and substituting N,N-dimethylethylenediamine for 4-(2- aminoethyDbenzenesulphonamide. mp >250 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ-0.4-(-0.46) (m, IH), 0.52-0.97 (m, 3H), 1.08-1.20 (m, 2H), 1.31-1.40 (m, 2H), 1.52-1.61 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.75 (m, IH), 2.0-2.08 (m, IH), 2.12 (s, 6H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.24-2.45 ( , 2H), 2.52-2.61 (m, IH),
3.03-3.20 (m, 3H), 3.3-3.39 (m, 2H), 3.90-4.10 (m, 2H), 4.52-4.64 (m, IH), 6.90 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 6.98-7.04 (m, 4H), 7.17-7.22 (m, 2H), 7.63-7.66 (m, IH), 7.95 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.69 (s, IH), 10.34 (s, IH). MS (ESI) m/e 553 (M+H). Anal calcd for C3iH44N4θ5»0.75H2θ: C, 65.75; H, 8.09; N, 9.89. Found: C, 65.72; H, 8.28; N, 9.80. [α] +28° ( c 1.04, MeOH).
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1E-G, except substituting 2-(methylthio)ethylamine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide. mp > 270 °C. lH NMR (DMSO) δ -0.6-(-0.4) (m, IH), 0.5-1.0 (m, 5H), 0.71 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.80 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 1.1-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.5-1.7 (m, 3H), 2.0-2.1 (m, IH), 2.07 (s, 3H), 2.5-2.7 (m, 3H), 3.05-3.4 (m, 2H), 3.9-4.1 (m, 2H), 4.55-4.7 (m, IH), 6.90 (d, 8.4H), 7.2-7.3 (m, 2H), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.68 (d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz), 10.3 (d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz). 13C NMR (DMSO) δ
14.5, 21.6, 24.2. 24.7, 24.9, 28.0, 28.4, 32.8, 37.8, 40.3, 40.8, 46.0, 46.6, 53.5, 72.9, 121.0, 121.2, 128.7, 132.0, 132.4, 157.1. 170.0, 171.1, 172.7. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 480 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C24H37N3O5S»0.5H2O: C, 58.99; H, 7.84; N, 8.60. Found: C, 59.05; H, 7.65; N, 8.45. [α] +41° (c 0.5, MeOH).
Example 40
SOzMθ
Example 40A
To a 0 °C solution of nBuLi (2.5M/hexanes, 14.2 mL) in diethyl ether (50 mL) was added 4-bromothioanisole (7.2g, 35.6mmol) over a few minutes. The resulting solution was allowed to stir cold for 25 minutes and then was added to a -78 °C solution of N-BOC-tBu(OH) tyrosine (3g, 8.9mmol) in diethyl ether (200 mL). The solution was stirred at -78 °C for 25 minutes, warmed to 0° over 1 hour and quenched with an aqueous solution of NH4CI. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with diether ether and the combined organics were washed with brine, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concenttated in vacuo. Flash chromatography (8:1 hexane-ethyl acetate) gave 2.5g of product which was immediately taken up in lOmL 4N HCl-dioxane and stirred for 30 minutes. The resulting slurry was dUuted with diethyl ether, filtered and dried for 16 hours under high vacuum, to give 40a (1.4 g) as a chalky- white solid.
Example 40B
The desired compound was prepared as a mixture of the sulfide (n=0) and sulfone (n=2) using the procedure of Examples 1 A and B, except substituting 40_a for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt.
Example 40C
To a solution of 40b (l.Og, 1.7mmol) in acetone (50 mL) was added OXONE™ (potassium peroxymonosulfate, 5g, 8mmol). The resulting slurry was stirred for 3 days. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate and water and the aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organics were washed with brine, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concenttated in vacuo. Flash chromatography (2-4% methanol-methylene chlorid) gave 40c (0.9 g) as a white foam.
Example 40D
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IC, F and G, except substituting 40c for J . mp 250-250 °C (dec). *H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 10.28 (s, IH), 8.65 (s, IH), 8.28-8.25 (d, 2H, J = 6.8 Hz), 8.19-8.16 (d, IH, J = 9.5 Hz), 8.07-8.04 (d, 2H, J = 6.8 Hz). 7.42-7.39 (d, IH, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.24-7.20 (d, IH, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.97-6.93 (d, IH, J = 8.1 Hz), 6.87-6.83 (d, IH, J = 8.2 Hz), 5.60-5.47 (m, IH), 4.21-4.13 (m, 2H), 3.12 (s, 3H), 3.12-3.06 (m, IH), 2.81-2.73 (m, IH), 2.15-2.12 (m, IH), 1.70-1.69 (m, IH), 1.47-1.40 (m, IH), 1.33-1.30 (m, IH), 1.15-0.99 (m, 4H), 0.71-0.68 (m, 3H), 0.50-0.38 (m, 7H), (-)0.02-(- )0.09 (m, IH). Anal calcd for C29H38N2O7S»0.5H2O: C, 61.35; H, 6.92; N, 4.93. Found: C, 61.26; H, 6.83; N, 4.61. [OC]D: +H.4°(c = 0.21, DMF).
Example 41
Example 41 A
To a solution of (L)-p-hydroxyphenylglycine (5 g, 29.9 mmol, Sigma) in 50% aqueous dioxane (100 mL) and triethylamine (8.3 mL, 59.8 mmol) at ambient temperature was added a solution of Boc-anhydride (13.7 g, 59.8 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) over 1 minute. The resulting solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 2.5 days and then was poured into a mixture of aqueous IM HCl (100 mL) and ether (75 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted twice with ether and the combined organic layers were washed with aqueous IM HCl and brine, dried with MgSO4, filtered and concenttated to afford 41a (10.8 g) as a white foam which was used without further purification.
Example 4 IB
H t-Bu t-BuO. - OH Υ ^ NHMe
O
41a *" 41b
OH OH
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IE, except substituting methylamine hydrochloride for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide.
A mixture of 41b (1.13 g, 4.02 mmol), trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) and CH2CI2 (2 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour and then concenttated under a stream of nitrogen. The residue was dissolved in a 1 : 1 mix of CH2CI2 and methanol (40 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The dissolving-concentration sequence was repeated until a white foam formed to give 41c (1.2 g) which was used without purification.
Example 41D
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 1 A, except substituting succinate ester 3 for succintate ester 1, and substituting 41c for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt.
Example 41 E
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IB, C, F and G, except substituting Hd for lb. mp > 270 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.65-(-0.5) (m, IH), 0.4- 1.1 (m, 6H), 0.77 (apparent t, 6H, J = 6.6 Hz), 1.2-1.5 (m, 4H), 1.6-1.7 (m, IH), 2.3-2.5 (m, IH), 2.65 (d, 3H, J = 4.5 Hz), 4.1-4.2 (m, 2H), 5.30 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 6.87 (dd, IH, J = 8.1, 2.4 Hz), 6.96 (dd, IH, J = 8.1, 2.4 Hz), 7.24 (dd, IH, J = 8.1, 2.4 Hz), 7.38 (dd, IH, J = 8.1, 2.4 Hz), 8.0-8.1 (m, IH), 8.19 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.64 (d, IH, J = 1.2 Hz), 10.24 (d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz). MS (DCVNH3) m/e 420 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C22H33N3O5»0. lH2O: C, 62.72; H, 7.94; N, 9.97. Found: C, 62.61; H, 7.73; N, 9.73. [α] +186° (c 0.25, DMF).
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 1 A-C, F and G, except substituting tyramine for benzyltyrosine tosylate salt, mp > 270 °C. *H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.5-(-0.4) (m, IH), 0.5-1.0 (m, 4H), 0.73 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 0.77 (d, 3H, J = 6.3 Hz), 1.1-1.3 (m, 2H), 1.4-1.7 (m, 3H), 1.98 (dd, IH, J = 10.5, 3.3 Hz), 2.5-2.6 (m, IH), 2.8-3.0 (m, 2H), 3.8-4.1 (m, 3H), 6.85-6.95 (m, 2H), 7.1-7.2 (m, 2H), 7.40 (d, 9.3H), 8.67 (s, IH), 10.3 (s, IH). 1 C NMR (DMSO) δ 21.5, 24.1, 24.6, 25.2, 28.1, 28.5, 33.5, 38.3, 40.6, 46.6, 46.7, 72.7, 120.6, 120.9, 129.0, 131.6, 133.3, 156.9, 170.3, 172.6. MS (Cl NH3) m/e
363 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C20H30N2O4O.8H2O: C, 63.74; H, 8.45; N, 7.43. Found: C, 63.90; H, 8.53; N, 7.33. [a] +103° (c 0.3, MeOH).
Example 43
Example 43A
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 40 A, except substituting 4-bromo-tert-butyl benzene for 4-bromothioanisole.
Example 43B
TB
The desired compound is prepared by coupUng of 43a and 7, and deprotection using tettabutylammonium fluoride according to the method of Examples 32B and C.
Example 43D
The desired compound was prepared by ring closure according to the method of Example 8E, foUowed by saponification of the tert-butyl ester and conversion to the hydroxamate according to the method of Examples IF and G, except substituting 43c for lc. mp 220-221°C. 1H NMR (CD3OD) δ -0.26 (m, IH), 0.50 (d, 3H, J = 5.7 Hz), 0.64 (d, 3H, J = 5.8 Hz), 0.85 (m, 4H),
1.18 (m, 3H), 1.35 (s, 9H), 1.63 (m, IH), 1.79 (m, 2H), 2.89 (t, IH, J = 12.9 Hz), 3.21 (dd, IH, J = 4.7, 12.9 Hz), 4.08 (m, IH), 4.18 (m, IH), 5.93 (dd, IH, J = 4.4, 12.2 Hz), 6.90 (dd, IH, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz), 6.96 (dd, IH, J = 2.7, 8.4 Hz), 7.19 (dd, IH, J = 2.4, 8.1 Hz), 7.41 (dd, IH, J = 1.7, 8.1 Hz), 7.55 (d, 2H, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.05 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.38 (d, IH, J = 12.2 Hz). 13C NMR (CD3OD) δ 21.35, 24.75, 25.99, 29.49, 30.24, 30.67, 31.48, 36.03, 36.83,
42.44, 47.90, 48.45, 55.04, 74.40, 122.14, 122.37, 126.77, 129.80, 130.55, 133.17, 133.23, 134.16, 158.65, 159.01, 173.25, 175.52, 199.27. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 523 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C3iH42N2θ5»H2O: C. 68.86: H, 8.20; N, 5.18. Found: C, 68.57; H, 8.05; N, 5.45.
Example 44
The desired compound was prepared as a white foam according to the method of Examples IE and F, except substituting piperidine for 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonamide, substituting 32a for le and substituting methanol for DMF in Example IE. {H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.40-(-0.24) (m, IH), 0.52-0.72 (m, IH), 0.73-1.0 (m, 2H), 1.10-1.43 (m, 7H), 1.44-1.70 (m, 6H), 1.92- 2.08 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.24-2.37 (m, IH), 2.39-2.50 (m, IH), 2.71-2.93 (m, 2H), 3.32- 3.40 (m, 2H), 3.51-3.58 (m, 2H), 4.0-4.08 (m, 2H), 5.0-5.12 (m, IH), 6.88 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz), 6.97 (d, 2H, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.03 (d, 2H, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.15 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 7.24 (d, IH, J = 9.2 Hz), 8.13 (d, IH, J = 9.9 Hz). MS (DCI NH3) 535 (M+H)+.
The desired compound was prepared as a white sohd according to the method of Example IG, except substituting the compound of Example 44 for la. mp > 250 °C. *H NMR (DMSO) δ -0.50-C-0.38) (m, IH), 0.53-1.0 (m, 3H), 1.07-1.20 (m, 2H), 1.22-1.43 (m, 5H), 1.45-1.64 (m, 5H), 1.65-1.81 (m, IH), 1.98-2.10 (m, IH), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.25-2.31 (m, IH), 2.38-2.45 (m, IH), 2.71-2.90 (m, 2H), 3.30-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.50-3.62 (m, 2H), 3.94-4.10 (m, 2H), 4.97-5.10 (m, IH), 6.87 (d, 2H, J = 9.0 Hz), 6.93-7.07 (m, 4H), 7.15 (d, IH, J = 7.2 Hz), 7.24 (d, IH, J = 7.1 Hz), 8.05 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.69 (s, IH), 10.36 (s, IH). MS (ESI-) m/e 548 (M-l). Anal calcd for C32H43N3O5: C, 69.91; H, 7.88; N, 7.64. Found: C, 69.85; H, 7.77; N, 7.57. [α] + 56° ( c = 1.0, MeOH).
Example 46
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IE and F, except subsituting 38b for le, and substituting 2-aminothiazole for 4-(2- aminoethyDbenzenesulphonamide. lH NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.34-(-0.20) (m, IH), 0.60-0.74 (m, IH), 0.81-0.97 (m, 2H), 1.13-1.25 (m, 2H), 1.36-1.45 (m, 2H), 1.55-1.67 (m, 2H), 1.90-2.01 (m. IH), 2.05-2.16 (m, IH), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.24-2.38 (m, IH), 2.40-2.45 (m, IH), 2.57-2.65 (m, IH), 3.24-3.34 (m, IH), 3.94-4.05 (m, IH), 4.07-4.16 ( , IH), 4.95-5.03 (m, IH), 6.93-7.04 (m, 7H), 7.20-7.27 (m, IH), 7.31 (d, IH, J = 3.6 Hz), 7.35-7.38 ( , IH),
7.53 (d, IH, J = 3.6 Hz), 8.22 (d, IH, J = 9.6 Hz), 12.40 (bs, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 550
(M+H)+.
Example 47
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IG, except substituting the compound of Example 46 for la. mp>250 °C. *H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.48-(-0.33) (m, IH), 0.60-0.93 (cm, 3H), 1.10-1.23 (m, 2H), 1.28-1.50 (m, 2H), 1.52-1.67 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.81 (m, IH), 2.04-2.18 (m, IH), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.23-2.31 (m, IH), 2.40-2.48 (m, IH), 2.58-2.67 (m, IH), 3.23-3.25 (m, IH), 3.90-4.00 (m, IH), 4.04-4.16 (m, IH), 4.88- 4.98 (m, IH), 6.90-7.01 (m, 6H), 7.22-7.28 (m, IH), 7.29 (d, IH, J = 3.9 Hz), 7.31-7.36 (m, IH), 7.50 (d, IH, J = 3.3 Hz), 8.12 (d, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.68 (s, IH), 10.35 (s, IH), 12.30 (s, IH). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 565 (M+H)+. Anal calcd for C30H36N4O5S»0.5 H2O: C, 62.80; H, 6.50; N, 9.76. Found: C, 62.95; H, 6.33: N, 9.76. [α] + 26° ( c = 0.9, MeOH).
Example 48
Example 48A
To a solution of 17b (142mg, 0.300mmol) in CH2CI2 (4 mL) was added triethylamine (0.059 mL, 0.420 mmol) foUowed by methanesulfonyl chloride (0.028 mL, 0.360 mmol). The mixture was left stirring at room temperature for 2 hours and then was poured into brine. The biphasic mixture was extracted with CH2CI2 (3x) and the combined CH2CI2 layers were dried (MgSO4), fUtered and evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography (2%-5% MeOH/CH2θ2) yielded 157.7 mg (95.2%) of 48a as pale yeUow crystals.
The desired compound was prepared as a white sohd according to the method of Examples IF and G, except substituting 48a for If. mp 242-244 °C (dec). lH NMR (DMSO-D6) δ -0.118
(m, IH), 0.63 (m, 2H), 0.73 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.83 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.79-1.40 (m, 7H), 1.66 (m, IH), 2.24 (m, IH), 2.44-2.56 (m, IH), 2.62 (d, 3H, J = 4.5 Hz), 2.50-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.93 (s, 3H), 3.01 (dd, IH, J = 2.7, 12 Hz), 3.60 (m, 2H), 4.52 (m, IH), 7.17 (dd, IH, J = 8.1, 1.8 Hz), 7.32 (dd, IH, J = 8.1, 1.8 Hz), 7.41 (dd, IH, J = 8.1, 1.8 Hz), 7.38 (dd, IH, J = 8.1, 1.8 Hz), 7.76 (q, IH, J = 4.5 Hz), 7.06 (s, IH, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.70 (s, IH), 10.30 (s, IH). MS (ESI) 1043 (M+Na)+, 1021 (2M+H)+, 533 (M+Na)+, 511 (M+H)+, 478, 215. Anal calcd for C24H38N4O6S'1.75 H2O: C, 53.16; H, 7.71: N, 10.33. Found: C, 53.14; H, 7.32; N, 9.90. [a] = +14.6° (c=0.205, CH3OH).
Example 49
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 48, except substituting p-toluenesuifonyl chloride for methanesulfonyl chloride, mp: 235-237 °C (dec). *H NMR (DMSO-D6) δ -0.16 (m, IH), 0.59 (m, 3H), 0.72 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.82 (d, 3H, J = 6.6 Hz), 0.95-1.26 (m, 7H), 1.64 (m, IH), 2.22 (m, IH), 2.61 (d, 3H, J = 4.5 Hz), 2.69 (t, IH, J = 13.2 Hz), 2.97 (dd, IH, J = 13.2, 2.4 Hz), 3.36 (m, IH), 3.51 (m, IH), 4.47 (m, IH), 6.82 (dd, IH, J = 1.8, 8.1 Hz), 6.97 (dd, IH, J = 1.8, 8.1 Hz), 7.28 (m, IH, J = 1.2, 8.1 Hz), 7.33- 7.447.33-7.44 (m, 5H), 7.72 (q, IH, J = 4.5 Hz), 8.05 (d, IH, J = 8.7 Hz), 8.70 (s, IH), 10.30 (s, IH). MS (DCI-NH3) m/e 587 (M+H)+, 543, 447, 391, 302, 258, 215. Anal calcd for C3oH42N4O6S-0.75 MeOH: C, 60.46; H. 7.42; N, 9.17. Found: C. 60.33; H, 7.40; N, 8.90. [a] = +41.5° (c=0.065, CH3OH).
Example 50
To a 0 °C solution of N-Boc-imidazolyl-tosyl-L-histidine (5.0g, 12.2mmol) in dichloromethane (125ml) was added methylamine hydrochloride (990mg, 14.7mmol), BOP-C1 (3.7g, 14.7mmol) and TEA (4ml, 29.4mmol) under nitrogen, the ice-bath was removed and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 23 hours. The reaction mixture was dUuted with brine and exttacted with three portions of dichloromethane, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concenttated in vacuo. The crude mixture was purified by flash chromatography( 60% ethyl acetate-hexanes, then 10% MeOH/CH2Cl2) to provide 50a (1.67g, 32%) as a white solid.
Example 50B
A solution of 50a in trifluoroacetic acid was stirred for 10 minutes. The trifluoroacetic acid was evaporated and the mixture was partitioned between CH2CI2 and saturated aqueous NaHCO3. The aqueous phase was exttacted with three portions of CH2CI2 and the combined extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to give 50b (1.09g, 85%) as an off-white solid.
Example 50C
To a 0 °C solution of succinate ester 3 (772mg, 2.59mmol) and 50b (l.Og, 3. lmmol) in dichloromethane (20ml) was added BOP-Cl (789mg, 3. lmmol) and triethylamine (862μl, 6.2mmol) under nitrogen, the ice-bath was removed, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 23 hours. Additional 50b. BOP-Cl and triethylamine (0.8 equivalent) were then added and stirring was continued for another 48 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with brine and exttacted with three portions of dichloromethane. The combined organic exttacts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concenttated in vacuo. The crude mixture was purified by flash chromatography( 5% MeOH-CH2θ2) and (80% ethyl acetate-hexanes)to provide 5Qc
(l.Olg, 65%) as a yellow foam.
Example 50D
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example IB, except substituting 50c for _lb.
Example 50E
To a 0 °C solution of 50d (156mg, 0.25mmol) in CH2Cl2(4ml) under nitrogen was added methanesulfonyl chloride(25μl, 0.325mmol), followed by NMM(41μl, 0.375mmol), the resulting mixture was stirred at 09c for 2hr and diluted with CH2Cl2/brine, exttacted with two portions of CH2CI2, dried over sodium sulfate, fUtered, solvent was evaporated and the crude mixture was purified by flash chromatography(5% MeOH/CH2θ2) to afford 50e (113 mg, 65%) as a white foam.
Example 50F
A mixture of 5fje (166mg, 0.24mmol) and HOBT (64.8mg, 0.48mmol) in THF (4ml) was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, the solvent was evaporated, and the crude product was purified by flash chromatography (5% -10% MeOH-CH2Cl2) to afford 50f (116 mg, 89%) as a white solid.
Example 50G
A mixture of 50f (137mg, 0.25mmol), Lil (50mg, 0.375mmol) and Na2CO3 (27 mg, 0.25 mmol) in acetone(5ml) was heated at 50 °C for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled to ambient temperature and stirring was continued for 17 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by flash chromatography(10% MeOH-CH2θ2) to afford 50g (71mg,
63%) as a white soUd.
Example 50H
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples IF and G, except substituting 50g for If. iH NMR(300 MHZ, DMSO-d6) δ 0.75 (d, 3H, J = 6.2 Hz), 0.81 (d, 3H, J = 6.2 Hz), 0.80 (m, overlaped, 4H), 1.14 (m, IH), 1.22-1.52 (m, 4H),1.56-1.80 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.47 (m, 2H), 2.58 (d, 3H, J = 5.1 Hz), 2.63-2.79 (m, 2H), 3.63-3.76 (m, IH ), 3.87-3.96 (m, IH), 4.35-4.48 (m, IH), 6.92 (s, IH), 7.46 (bs, 2H), 8.12 (d, IH, J = 15 Hz), 8.735 (d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz), 10.36(d, IH, J = 1.5 Hz). MS(DCI/NH3), m/e 408 (M+H)+.
[a]D=+10.4e.(c=0.25, EtOH).
The compound was prepared using the method of Example 43, except substituting succinate ester 5 for 7 and substituting ketone 14b for 43a. mp 211-212 °C. *H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.38 (m, IH), 0.64 (m, IH), 0.81 (m, IH), 0.98 (m, 4H), 1.58 (m, IH), 1.62 (m, IH), 1.80 (dt, IH), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.18 (m, IH), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.81 (t, IH), 3.07 (dd, IH), 4.04 (m, 2H), 5.73 (m, IH), 6.69 (d, 2H), 6.93 (m, 4H), 7.17 (dd, IH), 7.38 (dd, IH), 7.51 (t, 2H), 7.64 (t, IH), 8.11 (m, 3H), 8.68 (s, IH). 10.38 (s, IH) . MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 543 (M+H)+.
Anal, calcd for C33H38N2O5»0.75 H2O: C, 71.26; H, 7.16; N, 5.04. Found: C, 71.03; H, 7.09; N, 5.16.
Example 52
The desired compound was prepared by following the procedures described in Examples 1A-C and IF starting with succinate ester 7 and ketone 14b.
IH NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.14-8.11 (d, IH, J=9.8 Hz), 8.05-8.03 (d, 2H, J=7.2 Hz), 7.66-7.64 (m, IH), 7.54-7.51 (m, 2H), 7.41-7.38 (m, IH), 7.21-7.18 (m, IH), 6.98-6.89 (m, 2H), 5.82-5.75 (m, IH), 4.13-3.99 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.09 (m, IH), 2.87-2.79 (m, IH), 2.00-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.67 ( , IH), 1.59-1.58 (m, IH), 1.3-.06 (mm, 7H), 0.55-0.37 (m, 7H), (- )0.25-(-)0.33 (m, IH). MS (APCI) m/e 450 (M-H)-, 452 (M+H)+, 486 (M+Cl)-.
Example 53
The desired compound was prepared by according to the method of Example IG, except substituting acid 52_for la. *H NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.1 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH), 7.92- 7.85 (m, 3H), 7.52-7.47 (m, IH), 7.39-7.34 (m, 2H), 7.27-7.24 (m, IH), 7.09-7.06 (m, IH), 6.82-6.74 (m, IH), 3.95-3.90 (m, IH), 3.00-2.92 (m, IH), 2.72-2.64 (m, IH), 1.88-1.80 (m, IH), 1.59-1.52 (m, 3H), 0.94-0.47 (bm, 5H), 0.46-0.23 (mm, 6H), (-)0.55-(-)0.57 (m, IH). MS (DCI/NH4) m/e 467 (M+H)+-. Anal. Calcd for: C27H34N2O5»0.25H2O: C, 68.84; H, 7.38; N, 5.94. Found: C, 68.53; H, 7.38; N, 5.66.
Example 54
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 40A except substituting 4-bromo- l,2-(methylenedioxy)benzene for 4-bromothioanisole.
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 43, except substituting succinate 5 for 7 and ketone 54a for 43a. 1H NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.36 (s, IH), 8.70
(s, IH), 8.16-8.13 (d, IH, J=9.5 Hz), 7.80-7.77 (d, IH, J=7.7), 7.55 (s, IH), 7.36-7.33 (d, IH, J=6.6 Hz), 7.11-7.13 (d, IH, J=8.1 Hz), 7.02-6.99 (d, IH, J=8.4 Hz), 6.96-6.87 (m, 4H), 6.62-6.60 (d, 2H, J=8.1 Hz), 6.10-6.08 (d, 2H, J=4.1 Hz), 5.64-5.60 (m, IH), 4.06-4.03 (m, 2 H), 3.04-2.98 (m, IH), 2.87-2.78 (m, IH), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-1.96 (m, 3H), 1.84-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.60 (m, IH), 1.60-1.52 (m, IH), 1.05-0.96 (bm, 4H), 0.87-0.80 (m, IH), 0.64-0.60 (m, IH), (-)0.37-(-) 0.38 (m, IH). MS (ESI) m/e 587 (M+H)+, 585 (M-H)\ Anal. Calcd for: C34H38N2θ7»0.25H2θ: C, 69.07; H, 6.59; N, 4.70. Found: C, 68.72; H, 6.41; N, 4.64.
Example 55
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 40A, except substituting 4-bromofluorobenze for 4-bromothioanisole.
Example 55B
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 43, except substituting succinate 5 for 7 and ketone 55a for 43a. lH NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.38 (s, IH), 8.71
(s, IH), 8.19-8.13 (m, 3H), 7.37-7.28 (m, 3H), 7.17-7.11 (d, IH, J=7.3 Hz), 6.95-6.88 (m, 4H), 6.59-6.57 (d, 2H, J=7.1 Hz), 5.73-5.65 (m, 2H), 4.06-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.03 (m, IH), 2.89-2.73 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.18-2.17 (m, IH), 2.06-1.99 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.76 (m, IH), 1.64-1.55 (m, 2H), 1.09-0.59 (bm, 9H), (-)0.382-(-)0.385 (m, IH). MS (ESI) m/e 561 (M+H)+, 559 (M-H)-. Anal. Calcd for: C33H37FN2θ5»0.25H2O: C, 70.13; H, 6.68; N, 4.95. Found: C, 70.01; H, 6.59; N, 5.05.
Example 56
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of example 40A except substituting
4-benzyloxybromobenzene for 4-bromothioanisole.
Example 56B
The desired compound was prepared by following the procedures described in Examples 1A-C and IF starting with succinate ester 5 and ketone 56a. H NMR (300MHz, DMSO-dβ) δ 8.21-8.18 (d, IH, J=9.6 Hz), 8.10-8.07 (d, 2H, J=9.1 Hz), 7.44-7.31 (m, 6H), 7.16-7.11 (m, 3H), 6.96-6.88 (m, 4H), 6.64-6.61 (d, 2H, J=7.8 Hz), 5.69-5.65 (m, IH), 5.18 (s, 2H), 4.08-4.07 (m, 2H), 3.07-3.01 (m, IH), 2.87-2.78 (m, IH), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.20-1.98 (m, 3H), 1.71-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.17-0.86 (mm, 7H), -0.20- (-) 0.41 (m, IH). MS (DCI/NH4) m/e 634 (M+H)+.
Example 57
The desired compound was prepared by according to the method of Example IG, except substituting acid 56 for la. JH NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.38 (s, IH), 8.70 (s, IH), 8.16- 8.14 (m, 3H), 7.47-7.38 (m, 6H), 7.21-7.18 (m, 3H), 6.96-6.91 (m, 3H), 6.65-6.63 (d, 2H, J=7.8 Hz), 5.75-5.65 (m, IH), 5.21 (s, 2H), 4.11-4.08 (m, 2H), 3.10-3.04 (m, IH), 2.90-2.81 (m, IH), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.13-2.01 (m, 2H), 1.88-1.87 (m, IH), 1.77-1.65 (m, 2H), 1.07-0.96 (m, 6H), 0.70-0.66 (m, 2H), (-)0.29-(-)0.32 (m, IH).
Example 58
The desired compound was prepared by removing the benzyl group of example 57 using to the procedure described in Example ID. lH NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.42 (s, IH), 10.35 (s,
IH), 8.69 (s, IH), 8.11-8.08 (d, IH, J=9.6 Hz), 8.03-8.00 (d, 2H, J=8.4 Hz), 7.36-7.33 (d, IH, J=8.4 Hz), 7.17-7.11 (d, IH, J=8 Hz), 6.94-6.84 (m, 6H), 6.63-6.61 (d, 2H, J=8.1 Hz), 5.66-5.59 (m, IH), 4.06-4.00 (m, 2H), 3.03-2.97 (m, IH), 2.84-2.76 (m, IH), 2.12 (s, 3H), 2.08-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.78 (m, IH), 1.63-1.55 (m, 2H), 1.04-0.61 (mm, 6H), (-)0.21-(- )0.41 (m, IH).
MS (DCI/NH4) m/e 559 (M+H). Anal. Calcd for: C33H38N2O6»0.25H2O: C, 70.37; H, 6.89; N, 4.97. Found: C, 70.20; H, 6.94; N, 4.86.
Example 59
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 43, except substituting succinate 8 for 7 and ketone 14b for 43a. ιH NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.31 (s, IH), 8.65
(s, IH), 8.12-8.08 (d, 2H, J=9.8 Hz), 8.06-8.03 (d, 2H, J=7.1 Hz), 7.59-7.54 (m, IH), 7.48- 7. 43 (m, 2H), 7.38-7.22 (m, 7H), 7.18-7.14 (m, IH), 6.95-6.87 (m, 2H), 5.75-5.69 (m. IH), 4.29 (s, 2H), 4.07-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.13-3.07 (m, IH), 2.98-2.75 (m, 3H), 1.93-1.88 (m, IH), 1.82-0.56 (mm, 15H), (-) 0.036-(-) 0.030 (m, IH). MS (ESI) 573 (M+H)+, 571 (M-H)-. Anal. Calcd for: C34H40N2O6: C, 71.30; H, 7.04: N, 4.89. Found: C, 71.16; H, 7.14; N, 4.85.
Example 60
Example 60A
6i
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Example 40A, except substituting 4-benzyloxymethyl bromobenzene for 4-bromothioanisole.
Example 60B
The desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples IA, couphng succinate 5 with ketone 60 A, followed by deprotection of the silyl ether as in Example 32B and subsequent cyclization as in Example IC. MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 720 (M+H).
A solution of ester 60b (0.050 g, 7.0 x IO-2 mmol) in 4: 1 CH3CN/H2O (5 mL) was treated with eerie ammonium nitrate (0.19 g, 3.5 x 10"1 mmol) and stirred and 1.5 h. The solution was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water, the organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and concenttated to a soUd. The solid was purified on sUica gel with 25% ethyl acetate/hexane ramped to 60% to provide 0.01 g(26%) of 60c.
Example 60D
The desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples IF, except substituting 60c for If.
! H NMR (d6-DMSO) δ 8.21 (d, IH, J=10.3 Hz), 8.13 (d, 2H, J=8.5 Hz), 7.59 (d, 2H, J=8.1 Hz), 7.38 (dd, IH, J=1.4, 8.1 Hz), 7.15 (dd, IH, J=1.8, 8.1 Hz), 7.02-6.87 (m, 4H), 6.61 (d, 2H, J=8.1 Hz), 5.83-5.69 (m, IH), 5.48 (s, 2H), 4.07 (t, IH, J=1.5 Hz), 3.10 (dd, 2H, J=3.7, 13.6 Hz), 2.86-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.30-1.93 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1.77-1.49 (m, 2H), 1.20-0.79 (m, 7H), 0.70-0.55 (m, 2H), -0.16-0.32 (m, IH). MS (ESI) m/e 558 (M+H).
Example 61
The desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples 1A-C, coupling succinate 1 with ketone 60A, followed by deprotection of the benzyl ether as in Example 60C.
Example 6 IB
The desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples IF-G, substituting ester 6Q_c for If.
!H NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.29 (d, IH, J=1.7 Hz), 8.64 (d, IH, J=1.7 Hz), 8.02-7.98
(m, 3H), 7.46-7.38 (m, 3H), 7.22 (dd, IH, J=8.1, 2 Hz), 6.96-6.88 (m, 2H), 5.80-5.68 (m,
IH), 5.34 (t, IH, J=5.8 Hz), 4.57 (d, 2H, J=5.4 Hz), 4.05 (t, 2H, J=4.7 Hz), 3.10 (dd, IH, J=13.5, 4.4 Hz), 2.79 (t, IH, J=12.9 Hz), 2.05-1.94 (m, IH), 1.77-1.46 (m, 3H), 1.13-0.54 (m, 6H), 0.48 (dd, 6H, J=45.1, 5 Hz), -0.34-0.50 (m, IH). MS (ESI) m/e 497 (M + H)+. Anal. Calcd for: C28H36N2θ6'1.25H2θ: C, 64.78; H, 7.47; N, 5.39. Found: C, 64.44; H,
7.23; N, 5.43.
Example 62
Example 62A
The desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Examples 1 A, coupUng succinate 9 with ketone 14b, followed by deprotection of the silyl ether as in Example 32B and subsequent cychzation as in Example IC.
Example 62B
62a 62b
A solution of macrocycle olefin 62a (1.544 g, 3.14 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at 0°C under argon atmosphere was treated with 9-BBN (19.5 mL of 0.5 M solution in THF, 9.75 mmol) dropwise and stirred at 0°C for 0.2 h then at ambient temperature for 5.0 h. The resulting solution was treated with DMF (80 mL), [l, -Bis(diphenylphosphino)-ferrocene]dichloropaUadium(II), complex with dichloromethane (1:1) (0.30 g, 0.37 mmol), 3,4,5-trimethoxy-bromobenzene (2.41 g, 9.75 mmol), and cesium carbonate (6.14 g, 18.84 mmol) and stirred at 60°C for 6 h then at ambient temperature for 10 h. The solution was partitioned between ether and water, the organic layer was dried (MgSO4), and concenttated to an oU. The oU was purified on silica gel with ethyl acetate/hexane, 1:2 to provide 0.86 g (42%) of 62b. MS (ESI) m/e 660 (M+H)+.
Example 62C
The desired compound was prepared according to the methods of Example IF, except substituting 62b for If. IH NMR (300 MHz DMSO-de) δ 12.08 (s,lH), 8.25 (d, IH, J=9.3 Hz), 8.07 (d, 2H, J=7.4 Hz), 7.66-7.61 (m, IH), 7.53-7.48 (m,2H), 7.42 (d, IH, J=8.1 Hz), 7.18 (d, I H,
J=8.1 Hz), 6.99-6.91 (m, 2H), 6.22 (s, 2H), 5.76 (m, IH), 4.04-4.1 1 (m, 2H), 3.69 (s, 6H), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.10-3.18 (m, IH), 2.75 (t, IH, J=12.3 Hz), 1.98-2.30 (m, 4H), 1.53-1.74 (m, 2H), 0.80-1.21 (m, 6H), 0.58-0.74 (m, IH), -0.16- -0.30 (m, IH). MS (ESI) m/e 604 (M+H)+. Anal. Calcd for: C35H41NO8O.25H2O: C, 69.11; H, 6.87; N, 2.30. Found: C,
69.01; H, 6.90; N, 2.22.
Example 63
The desired compound was prepared by according to the method of Example IG, except substituting Example 62 62 for fa. *H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.38 (s, IH), 8.71 (s, IH), 8.20 (d, IH, J=9.6 Hz), 8.08 (d, 2H, J=7.3 Hz), 7.60-7.67 (m, IH), 7.47-7.52 (m, 2H). 7.42 (d, IH, J=8.5 Hz), 7.20 (d, IH, J=8.1 Hz), 6.90-6.97 (m, 2H), 6.21 (s, 2H), 5.66-5.77 (m, IH), 3.99-4.1 1 (m, 2H), 3.69 (s, 6H), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.09-3.17 (m, IH), 2.73 (t, IH, J=12.9 Hz), 1.98-2.29 (m, 3H), 1.74-1.84 (m, IH), 1.50-1.70 (m, 2H), 0.59-1.13 (m, 7H), - 0.31- -0.44 (m, 1H).MS (ESI) m/e 619 (M+H)+. Anal. Calcd for:C35H42N2θ8: C, 67.94; H . 6.84; N, 4.52. Found: C, 67.65; H, 6.75; N, 4.43.
Example 64
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 62-63, except substituting 3,5-dimethoxy-bromobenzene for 3,4,5-ttimethoxy-bromobenzene in Example 62B.
*H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.37 (s, IH), 8.70 (s, IH), 8.17 (d, IH, J=9.9 Hz), 8.07 (d, 2H, J=7.4 Hz), 7.58-7.66 (m, IH), 7.44-7.51 (m, 2H), 7.40 (dd, IH, J=8.4, 2 Hz), 7.18 (dd, IH, J=8.1, 2 Hz), 6.88-6.97 (m, 2H), 6.23 (t, IH, J=2 Hz), 6.05 (d, 2H, J=2.3 Hz), 5.66-5.77 (m, IH), 4.02-4.08 (m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 6H), 3.07-3.16 (m, IH), 2.76 (t, IH, J=12.6 Hz), 2.14- 2.28 (m, IH), 1.95-2.10 (m, 2H), 1.75-1.85 (m, IH), 1.49-1.72 (m, 2H), 0.56-1.11 (m, 7H), - 0.31- -0.44 (m, IH). MS (ESI) m/e 589 (M + H)+. Anal. Calcd for: C34H40N2O7: C, 69.36;
H, 6.84; N, 4.75. Found: C, 69.27; H, 6.63; N, 4.61.
Example 65
The desired compound was prepare accor ng to the method of Examples 62-63, except substituting 1,3,5-tribromobenzene for 3,4,5-ttimethoxy-bromobenzene in Example 62B. *H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.38 (s, IH), 8.72 (s, IH), 8.17 (d, IH, J=9.6 Hz), 8.07 (d, 2H, J=7.7 Hz), 7.55-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.47 (m, 3H), 7.13-7.19 (m, IH), 7.06 (d, 2H, J=1.8 Hz), 6.88-6.97 (m, 2H), 5.68-5.79 (m, IH), 4.03-4.10 (m, 2H), 3.08-3.16 (m, IH), 2.85 (t, IH, J=12.7 Hz), 2.22-2.35 (m, IH), 1.91-2.10 (m, 2H), 1.75-1.85 (m. IH), 1.46-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.57-1.16 (m, 7H), -0.30- -0.43 (m, IH). MS (ESI) m/e 687 (M + H)+. Anal. Calcd for: C32H34N2O5Br2: C, 55.99; H, 4.99; N, 4.08. Found: C, 56.14; H, 4.97; N, 4.01.
Example 66
A solution of 5-methoxyresorcinol (2.52 g, 18 mmol) in DMF (25 mL) at ambient temperature was treated with K2CO3 (9.94 g, 72 mmol) and 2-bromoethyl methyl ether (1.72 mL, 18 mmol) and heated at 50°C for 16 h. The suspension was partioned between Et2O and water, the organic layer was dried (MgSO4), and concenttated to the crude product. Purification on silica gel with ethyl acetate/hexane, 1 :4 provided 1.26 g (35%) of the title compound. MS (ESI) m/e 199 (M + H)+.
Example 66B
The desired compound was synthesized foUowing the procedure described in J.Org. Chem. 141, 4102 (1976). MS (DCI/NH3) m/e 287 (M + H)+.
Example 66C
The desired compound was prepared according to the method of Examples 62-63, except substituting 66b for 3,4,5-trimethoxy-bromobenzene in Example 62B.1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.35 (s, IH), 8.66 (s, IH), 8.13 (d, IH, J=9.6 Hz), 8.07 (d, 2H, J=7.5 Hz),
7.57-7.66 (m, IH), 7.46-7.51 (m, 3H), 7.15-7.21 (m, IH), 6.87-6.97 (m, 2H), 6.22-6.25 (m, IH), 6.02-6.07 (m, 2H), 5.65-5.75 (m, IH), 4.02-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.96-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.59-3.64 (m, 2H), 3.30 (s, 3H), 3.07-3.16 (m, IH), 2.76 (t, IH, 12.9 Hz), 2.1 1-2.38 (m, IH), 1.94-2.10 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.85 (m, IH), 1.48-1.72 (m, 2H), 0.58-1.10 (m, 7H), -0.30- - 0.44 (m, IH). MS )ESI) m/e 633 (M + H)+. Anal. Calcd for: C36H44N2O8* H2O: C, 66.44; H, 7.12; N, 4.30. Found: C, 66.40; H, 6.97; N, 4.31.
Example 67
Example 67A
67a The described compound 67a was prepared according to the method of Example 16A except substituted methylamine hydrochloride with N,O-dimetheylhydroxyamine hydrochloride.
Example 67B
67a 67b
A solution of 67a (0.52 g, 0.35 mole) and Pd/C (52 mg) in EtOH (10 mL) was stirred under H2 for 2 hours, stirred for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and
the residue was washed thoroughly with 10% methanol-CH2Cl2. The filtrate and washings were coUected and evaporated to dryness to give 0.47 g of 67b as a off white solid (99%).
Example 67C
67c
A solution of 67b (0.47 g, 1.46 mmole) in Et2θ (10 mL) at room temperature was treated with saturated aqeoud NaHCO3 (10 mL), stirred for 10 minutes, treated with benzyl chloroformate (0.25 mL, 1.75 mmol), stirred for 2 hours. The mixture was partitioned between water and ether, the aqueous layer was separated and exttacted twice with ether. The etheral layer (50 mL) were combined, dried (MgSO4) and concenttated to provide 610.7 mg (92%) of 67c.
Example 67D
67c 67d
A solution of Example 67c (1.67 g, 3.65 mmole) in THF (40 mL) at -78 °C was treated with phenyllithium (1.8 M in Et2θ and cyclohexane, 7.0 mL, 36.6 g, 1.08 mole). The mixture was warmed to -15 °C, stirred for 2 hours, and then quenched with saturated ammonium chloride. The mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and brine, the aqueous layer was separated and exttacted three times with EtOAc. The combined organic exttacts (100 mL) were dried (MgSO4), and concenttated to an oil. The oU was purified on silica gel with 10-40% EtOAc/hexane to provide 1.17 g (67%) product which was taken up in HCl-dioxane (4N, 10 mL) and stirred for 3 hours. The resulting slurry was diluted with Et2θ (200 mL), filtered and dried under vaccum to give 1.0 g 67d as a white solid (98%).
Example 67E
67d 67e
The desired compound 67e was prepared according to the methods of Examples 1 A, coupling succinate 9 with ketone 67d.
Example 67F
A mixture of Example 67e (0.46 g, 0.608 mmol), P(o-tol)3 (37.0 mg, 0.122 mmol),
Pd(OAc)2 (14.7 mg, 0.061 mmol) and 3,4,5-ttimethoxy bromobenzene (224.4 mg, 0.912 mmol) in acetonitrile (8 mL) under Ar was heated at 75 °C for 14 hours. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and purified on sUica gel with 10-40% EtOAc/hexane to provide 51 1 mg (91%) of 67f.
Example 67G
The desired compound was prepared according to the previous methods. Deprotecion of the sUyl ether as in Example 32B and subsequent cyclization as in Example 17 A-B.
Example 67H
A solution of Example 67g (65.3 mg, 0.099 mole) hi CH2CI2 (4 mL) at 0 °C was treated with pyridine (0.032 mL, 0.39 mmol) followed by (0.018 mL, 0.24 mol), warmed to room temperature for 7 hours. The mixture was poured into CH2CI2 and washed with brine and saturated aqueous NaHCO3. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and concentrated to give 73 mg of 67h as an oU.
Example 671
£Zh i
A solution of 67 h (73 mg, 0.099 mmol) in CH2 2 (10 mL) room temperature was treated with Dess-Martin reagent (46.1 mg) stirred for 1 hour. The mixture was partitioned between water and CH2CI2, the aqueous layer was separated and extracted twice with CH2CI2. The combined organic exttacts were washed with aqueous NaHCO3 and brine, dried (MgSO4), and concenttated to an oil. The oil was purified on siUca gel with 10-40% EtOAc/hexane to provide 39.1 mg (53.7% for the last two steps) product.
Example 67J
The desired compound was prepared by the methods of Examples IF and G, except substituting for IF. *H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ -0.48 (m, IH), 0.6-0.8 (m, 5H), 1.35 - 1.81 (m, 3H), 2.0-2.62 (m, 4H), 2.73 (m, IH), 2.80 (t, IH, J = 12.5 Hz), 3.05 (s, 3H), 3.19 (dd, IH, Jl= 12.5 Hz, J2 = 4.5 Hz), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 6H), 3.73-3.77 (m, 2H), 5.73 (m, IH), 6.23 (s, 2H), 7.45 (d, IH, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.32-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.51 (t, 2H, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.56 (d, IH, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.64 (t, IH, J = 7.6 Hz ), 8.08 (d, 2H, J = 7.6 Hz), 8.29 (d, IH, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.71 (s, IH), 10.37 (s, IH); MS (ESI) m/e 718 (M+Na)+, 696 (M+H)+.
Claims
1. A compound of formula
or a pharmaceuticaUy acceptable salt, prodrug or ester thereof wherein
W is NHOH or OH;
R1 and R3 are independently selected from hydrogen or alkyl of one to four carbon atoms;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of
(a) alkyl of one to ten carbon atoms,
(b) alkenyl of two to ten carbon atoms,
(c) cycloalkyl of three to eight carbon atoms,
(d) (cycloalkyl)alkyl wherein the cycloalkyl portion is of three to eight carbon atoms, and the alklene portion is of one to six carbon atoms,
(e) cycloalkenylene of five to eight carbon atoms,
(f) (cycloalkenylene)alkyl wherein the cycloalkenylene portion is of five to eight carbon atoms, and the alklene portion is of one to six carbon atoms,
(g) phenyl, (h) phenyl substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substutuents independently selected from alkoxyalkyloxy, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl,
-CO2R4 wherein R4 is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and -CONR R5 wherein R4 is defined above and and R5 is independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(i) phenylalkyl wherein the aUcylene portion is of one to six carbon atoms, (j) phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to six carbon atoms and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkoxyalkyloxy, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R4, -CONR4R5, phenyl, and phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substutuents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R4, and -CONR4R5,
(k) -(CH2)m-T-(CH2)n-R6 wherein m and n are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,
T is O or S, and
R6 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, phenyl, and phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkoxyalkyloxy, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R4, -CONR4R5, phenyl, and phenyl substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substutuents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -CO2R4,
-CONR4R5, and (1) fluorenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms.
Y is absent or -O-;
L1 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms,
L2 is selected from the group consisting of
(a) alkylene of one to six carbon atoms, and
90
wherein D is CH or N,
L3 is absent or is alkylene of one to four carbon atoms, and Ra, Rb and Rc are independently selected from hydrogen, 95 alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, 100 cyano,
-SO2R6 wherein R6 is alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, -SO2NH2, -CO2R4, 2-tetrazolyl, and 105 -CONR7R8 wherein R7 and R8 are independently selected at each occurrence from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, or R7 and R8 together with the N atom to which they are attached define a a 5-or 6-membered heterocychc ring selected 110 from the group consisting of
(1) morpholinyl,
(2) thiomorpholinyl,
(3) thiomorpholinyl sulfone,
(4) pyrrolidinyl, 115 (5) piperazinyl,
(6) piperidinyl, and
(7) 3-ketopiperazine;
120 A is absent or is selected from the group consisting of
(a) -O-,
(b) -NR9- wherein R9 is selected from the group consisting of
(1) hydrogen,
(2) alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
125 (3) -CO2R10 wherein R10 is independently selected at each occurrence from the group consisting of alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, phenyl, 130 phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, 135 nitro, cyano, cyanoalkyl,
-SO2NH2,
-CO2R4, and 140 -CONR4R5, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 145 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, 150 cyano, cyanoalkyl,
-SO2NH2,
-CO R4. and
-CONR4R5,
155 heteroarylaUcyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, and the heteroaryl group is selected from furyl, pyridyl, thienyl, 160 benzimidazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, and benzothiazolyl wherein the heteroaryl group is unsubstituted or substituted with 165 alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(4) -CONR7R8,
(5) -COR10, and
(6) -SO2R10,
(c) -S(O)n- wherein n is 0, 1, or 2, 170 (d) -S-S-
(e) -CH=CH-,
(f)
V wherein V is O or NOR4,
(g)
175 vT ^ wherein J is O or NR4,
(i) o
' J κ/ wherein J is defined above and K is selected from O and NR4,
180 provided that J and K are not simultaneously O,
R wherein L4 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms,
(n)
R
12
190 ^ wherein R4 is defined above and R12 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
-COR10,
-CO R10, and 195 -SO2R10,
200
(w) -J'-L4-K'- wherein J' and K' are independently selected from O and NR12,
(x) -NR4SO2-,
(y) -SO2NR4-,
215 (z) -NR4SO2NR5-,
(aa)
wherein T and V are independently selected from O and S and Ra is defined above, (bb)
220 herein Ra, Rb, and Rc are defined above,
(cc)
225
Re , wherein Rd and Re are independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, (ff)
Rd
Re
230 provided that when A is selected from (aa), (bb), (cc), (dd) and (ff) above, L2 is aUcylene, and further provided that when both Y and A are absent, LI is alkylene of three to six carbon atoms;
235 Z is
O
^R17 wherein R17 is selected from the group consisting of
( 1 ) alkyl of one to six carbon atoms,
(2) carboxyalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of two to six carbon atoms,
(3) phenyl,
240 (4) phenyl substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 substituents selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, 245 haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, amino, cyano,
-NR4R5, 250 -SO2NR4R5,
-SO2R4,
-CH2NR7R8,
-CONR7R8,
-CO2R4, 255 phenyl, wherein the phenyl ring may be substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and 260 benzyloxy, wherein the alkylene group is of one to four carbon atoms,
(5) 1,3-benzodioxole,
(6) indolyl,
(7) indolyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, 265 halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, -SO2NR4R5, -CO2R10, and 270 phenyl, wherein the phenyl ring may be substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and 275 alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms,
(8) pyrrolyl,
(9) pyrrolyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(10) imidazolyl,
(11) imidazolyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
280 provided that in (6)-(l 1) above, when the heterocycle is attached at a carbon atom, the N atom may bear a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkyl of one to six carbon atoms
-CONR7R8,
-SO NR7R8 and 285 -SO2R10,
(12) pyridyl,
(13) pyridyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(14) thienyl,
(15) thienyl substituted with 290 halogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(16) thiazolyl,
(17) thiazolyl substituted with 295 halogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(18) oxazolyl,
(19) oxazolyl substituted with 300 halogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(20) furyl,
(21) furyl substituted with 305 halogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(22) benzofuryl,
(23) benzofuryl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from 310 alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(24) benzothiazolyl,
(25) benzothiazolyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents selected from 315 alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(26) benzimidazolyl and
(27) benzimidazolyl substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from 320 alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, and haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms.
2. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 1 of formula
wherein W, R2, L2 and Z are defined therein,
Y is absent or -O-,
10 R1 and R3 are H,
L1 is alkylene of two to six carbon atoms, and
A is selected from the group consisting of (a) -O-,
(b) -NR9- wherein R9 is selected from the group consisting of
(1) hydrogen,
(2) alkyl of one to four carbon atoms,
(3) -CO2R10 wherein R10 is independently selected at each occurrence from the group consisting of alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, phenyl, phenyl substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, nitro, cyano, cyanoalkyl,
-SO2NH2, -CO R4, and -CONR4R5, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, phenylalkyl wherein the alkylene portion is of one to four carbon atoms, and the phenyl ring is substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents independently selected from alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, cyano, cyanoalkyl, -SO2NH2,
-CO R4, and -CONR R5, and
(4) -SO2R10,
(c) -CH=CH-.
R wherein Rd and Re are independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, provided that when A is (f) above, L2 is alkylene,
3. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 2 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of isobutyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentylmethyl, phenyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl, 3-benzyloxypropyl, 4-phenoxybutyl, 4-(4-butylphenoxy)butyl, 4-biphenyloxy, 2-(4-(4'cyano)biphenyloxy)ethyl, 4-benzyloxybutyl, 3-(3,4,5-ttimethoxyphenyl)propyl, 3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propyl, 3-(3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)propyl, 3-(3,5-dibromophenyl)propyl, and 3-(3-(2-methoxy)ethoxy-5- methoxy)propyl.
4. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 3 wherein O
Z is R wherein R17 is selected from the group consisting of
(1) phenyl.
(2) phenyl substituted with alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, methanesulfonyl, dimethylaminomethyl, halogen, benzyloxy wherein the alkylene group is of one to four carbon atoms, hydroxy, or hydroxyalkyl,
(3) 3-indolyl,
(4) 2-pyrrolyl, (5) l-dimethylaminocarbamoytindol-3-yl
(6) 1,3-benzodioxole,
5. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 4 of formula
wherein
L3 is absent or methylene and
A is selected from the group consisting of
(a) -O-,
(b) -NR9- wherein R9 is selected from hydrogen,
-CO2benzyl,
-SO2CH3,
-SO2-(4-tolyl) ,
(c) -CH=CH-, and
(d) -C(O)NH-.
A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 5 wherein
R2 is selected from isobutyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl, 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propyl, and 3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propyl, 3-(3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)propyl, 3-(3,5-dibromophenyl)propyl, and 3-(3-(2-methoxy)ethoxy-5- methoxy)propyl;
Z is selected from the group consisting of
7. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 6 wherein
W is -NHOH and
8. . A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 4 of formula
wherein W, R2, and Z are defined therein, L1 is alkylene of 3-5 carbon atoms, L2 is alkylene of 1-4 carbon atoms, and A is selected from the group consisting of (a) -NR9- wherein R9 is selected from hydrogen, -CO2benzyl and -Sθ2-(2-nittophenyl), (b) -NHCONH-, and (c)
provided that when A is (c), L2 is methylene.
9. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 8 wherein
R2 is selected from isobutyl, 3-(4-tolyl)propyl, 2-(4-propylphenyl)ethyl,
4-benzyloxybutyl, 3-(3,4,5-ttimethoxyphenyl)propyl, 3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propyl, 3- (3,5-dibromophenyl)propyl, and 3-(3-(2-methoxy)ethoxy-5-methoxy)propyl;
Z is selected from the group consisting of
10. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 9 wherein
W is -NHOH and
1 1. A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or prodrug thereof as defined by claim 1 selected from the group consisting of
12. A method for inhibiting matrix metaUoprotemases in a mammal in need of such treatment, comprising administering to the mammal a therapeuticaUy effective amount of a compound of Claim 1.
13. A composition for inhibiting matrix metaUoprotemases comprising a pharmaceutical carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Claim 1.
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