EP1019275A1 - Hydraulic automobile brake system - Google Patents

Hydraulic automobile brake system

Info

Publication number
EP1019275A1
EP1019275A1 EP98952654A EP98952654A EP1019275A1 EP 1019275 A1 EP1019275 A1 EP 1019275A1 EP 98952654 A EP98952654 A EP 98952654A EP 98952654 A EP98952654 A EP 98952654A EP 1019275 A1 EP1019275 A1 EP 1019275A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake system
motor vehicle
hydraulic motor
vehicle brake
heating device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98952654A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Harald KÖNIG
Günther VOGEL
Joachim Böing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19754163A external-priority patent/DE19754163A1/en
Application filed by Continental Teves AG and Co OHG filed Critical Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Publication of EP1019275A1 publication Critical patent/EP1019275A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/48—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
    • B60T8/4809—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
    • B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • B60T11/16—Master control, e.g. master cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/04—Arrangements of piping, valves in the piping, e.g. cut-off valves, couplings or air hoses
    • B60T17/043—Brake line couplings, air hoses and stopcocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
    • F16L11/127—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting electrically conducting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/35—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/35—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • F16L53/38—Ohmic-resistance heating using elongate electric heating elements, e.g. wires or ribbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic, motor vehicle brake system filled with a fluid, in particular with an anti-lock function and / or driving stability control function, with at least one master brake cylinder which is connected to at least one brake cylinder in a liquid-tight manner by means of at least one pipe.
  • Such motor vehicle brake systems have been known for a long time, are widely used and basically perform their function satisfactorily.
  • problems can occur. It is problematic if brake fluid, for example as part of a driving stability control function, that is to say without a driver's request, is to be shifted particularly quickly from a brake fluid reservoir, namely a brake fluid reservoir, to a wheel brake with the brake cylinder. With falling temperatures, the viscosity of the brake fluid increases disproportionately. At very low temperatures, this means that the brake fluid cannot be sucked in quickly enough, with the fact that the pressure loss in the pipeline increases with increasing viscosity. These obstacles lead to a slow braking intervention.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to ensure the function of a hydraulic motor vehicle brake system with all its subfunctions such as anti-blocking function and driving stability function with little effort, even at very low outside temperatures.
  • the device is an electrical resistance heater, which can be operated simply and inexpensively with the aid of electrical current and, in a further development of the invention, can be integrated into the suction line in a space-saving manner.
  • An electrical resistance heating device has no moving parts, so that no wear occurs and no maintenance is necessary.
  • the electrical resistance heating device is assigned to the master brake cylinder.
  • Fig. 1 intake line according to the invention according to a first embodiment in longitudinal section;
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment in section as in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment as in Fig. 2;
  • Figure 4 shows the third embodiment in section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 shows a master cylinder in longitudinal section with electrical resistance heating devices.
  • a hydraulic motor vehicle brake system comprises at least one master brake cylinder which is connected to at least one brake cylinder by means of a pipeline.
  • a pump with a pressure module tion device may be necessary.
  • the pump is connected to the brake fluid reservoir with at least one suction line 1 according to FIG. 1, namely, for example, an expansion tank or a reserve tank.
  • the pump draws brake fluid from the brake fluid reservoir and shifts this sucked-in volume in the direction of the wheel brake with the help of control valves and pressure lines that are of no further interest here.
  • the intake line 1 is provided with means for introducing thermal energy into the brake fluid.
  • the intake line 1 has an electric heating device 2 with which the brake fluid can be heated, so that the viscosity of the brake fluid is reduced and this leads to an improved and faster pumping capacity of the brake fluid at low temperatures. Whenever there is talk of a reduction in viscosity in the following, this means the effect that the flowability improves at a low outside temperature.
  • the electrical resistance heating device 2 is integrated in the suction line 1 and is operated with the aid of electric current. A three-layer structure of the intake line 1 is used.
  • the intake line 1 has a heating layer 5, which comes into contact with the brake fluid with its inner wall 4, to which there is a radially outer side Insulating layer 6 connects and finally a casing 7 on the outer circumference for protection against external influences.
  • the heating layer 5 can be implemented by various means. On the one hand, an electrically conductive plastic is conceivable, with conductive particles being added to a carrier material, so that layer 5 becomes conductive overall. It is also conceivable to pass electrical heating wires through a plastic layer. However, all of these variants are subject to the principle claimed by the invention.
  • An advantage of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is that the suctioned brake fluid is in direct contact with the inner wall 4 of the heating layer 5, so that hardly any thermal losses occur.
  • the heating layer 5 ' is located on the outer circumference of the suction line 1' without it having direct liquid contact.
  • This embodiment is characterized by simple manufacturability, because the Entire pipe 1 'can be done simply by dip coating the outer clothing 8 in a plastic bath.
  • the intake line 1 has a radially inner insulating layer 6" which has direct contact with the brake fluid.
  • a sheath 7 connects radially outwards to protect against external stresses.
  • This variant has a heating element 11 which is at least partially arranged in the intake cross section 3" and extends through at least part of the length of the intake line 1 ".
  • the heating element 11 is in the Arranged inside a cross-shaped holding element 12, which abuts the inner wall 17 of the insulating layer 6 ′′ via legs 13, 14, 15, 16.
  • This variant also has the advantage that the heating element 11 has almost direct contact with the brake fluid, so that low heat losses occur.
  • the assembly takes place, for example, in that the heating element 11 is pressed together with the holding element 12 into the suction line 1 ".
  • the invention allows the viscosity of the brake fluid to be reduced in a simple manner over the entire length of the intake line 1, 1 ', 1 ".
  • the advantage here is the unrestricted flexibility, ie flexibility of the intake line 1, 1', 1", the small space requirement and the simple, inexpensive producibility.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to dispense with a separate precharge pump next to the actual pump, even at the lowest external temperatures, the proper functioning of the motor vehicle brake system is guaranteed.
  • the invention is not limited to the suction line alone. In principle, other sections of the brake fluid line can also be provided with a device according to the invention.
  • an electrical resistance heating device 20, 21 can alternatively be arranged on or in a brake fluid reservoir or in a master brake cylinder 22 without departing from the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a master brake cylinder 22 in a plunger design, which is suitable for the fact that brake fluid can be sucked in through the master brake cylinder during driver-independent braking.
  • An electrical resistance heating device 20, 21 with heating coils 23, 24 is arranged in the master brake cylinder 22.
  • the helix 24 to at least partially engage in the interior 27 of a piston 28.
  • the heating coil 24 lies outside the range of movement of the piston 28.
  • Combinations of the construction types mentioned are also possible. Of course, this also applies to combinations of a line heating device 2, 2 ', 2 "with a heating device 20, 21 on or in the master cylinder 22 or on or in a brake fluid container.
  • the supply lines 31, 32 of the heating device 20 are preferably injected into the housing 29 in a liquid-tight manner with an insulating material, as a result of which the manufacturing process is accelerated and simplified.
  • the heating device 21 is screwed into the housing 29 with a connector 30 and then the ends of the heating coil 23 are inserted into the connector 30.
  • This design allows simple replacement of the heating coil 23 and a simple modification of the series production, the main brake cylinders with heating device differing from the main brake cylinders without heating device by the inserted heating coil 23.
  • heating of the brake fluid has been mentioned in the above text, this must always be seen in terms of an improvement in flowability in the low-temperature range below 0 ° C. For example, good results are achieved with brake fluid temperatures in the range of 4 ° C and more. In any case, heating does not mean that the brake fluid is additionally heated, for example in summer, at temperatures above 20 ° C.
  • a corresponding control using an outside temperature door sensors are provided so that the heating device 2,2 ', 2 ", 20,21 is only put into operation when required and consequently only loads the vehicle electrical system in these cases.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic brake system filled with a fluid, especially for an automobile, comprising at least one master brake cylinder (22) which is connected in a liquid-sealed manner to at least one brake cylinder with the assistance of at least one tube (1, 1', 1') and/or one hose. The invention is characterized in such a way that at least one means is provided for introducing thermal energy into the brake fluid. According to the invention, said means guarantee the operation sequence of an automobile brake system without requiring a separate pre-charge pump when brake fluid thickens as a result of especially low outside temperatures. The inventive automobile brake system can thus be produced especially easily and cost effectively.

Description

Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-BremsanlageHydraulic motor vehicle brake system
Die Erfindung betrifft eine hydraulische, mit einem Fluid gefüllte, Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage, insbesondere mit Anti- blockierfunktion und/oder Fahrstabilitätsregelfunktion, mit mindestens einem Hauptbremszylinder welcher mittels wenigstens einer Rohrleitung mit wenigstens einem Bremszylinder flüssigkeitsdicht verbunden ist.The invention relates to a hydraulic, motor vehicle brake system filled with a fluid, in particular with an anti-lock function and / or driving stability control function, with at least one master brake cylinder which is connected to at least one brake cylinder in a liquid-tight manner by means of at least one pipe.
Derartige Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlagen sind seit langem bekannt, vielfach im Einsatz und erfüllen ihre Funktion grundsätzlich zufriedenstellend. Im Winterbetrieb d.h. bei Tieftemperaturen können allerdings Probleme auftreten. Problematisch ist, wenn Bremsflüssigkeit, beispielsweise im Rahmen einer Fahrstabilitätsregelfunktion das heißt ohne Fahrerwunsch, besonders schnell von einem Bremsflüssigkeitsreservoir, nämlich einem Bremsflüssigkeitsbehälter zu einer Radbremse mit dem Bremszylinder verlagert werden soll. Bei sinkenden Temperaturen steigt die Viskosität der Bremsflüssigkeit überproportional an. Dies führt bei sehr niedrigen Temperaturen dazu, daß die Bremsflüssigkeit nicht schnell genug ansaugt werden kann, wobei noch hinzukommt, daß mit steigender Viskosität der Druckverlust in der Rohrleitung zunimmt. Diese Hemmnisse führen zu einem verlangsamten Bremseingriff. Das Problem wird noch dadurch verstärkt, daß oftmals Hauptbremszylinder mit geringen Durchflußquerschnitten zum Einsatz kommen, durch die bei fahrerunabhängiger Bremsbetätigung Bremsflüssigkeit nachgesaugt werden soll. Bei der Fahr- Stabilitätsregelung besteht allerdings die generelle Anforderung, einen schnellen Bremseneingriff zu bewirken. Zur Lösung des Problems wurde bereits daran gedacht, eine separate Vorladepumpe vorzusehen. Dies würde allerdings zu erheblichen Mehrkosten führen.Such motor vehicle brake systems have been known for a long time, are widely used and basically perform their function satisfactorily. In winter operation, ie at low temperatures, problems can occur. It is problematic if brake fluid, for example as part of a driving stability control function, that is to say without a driver's request, is to be shifted particularly quickly from a brake fluid reservoir, namely a brake fluid reservoir, to a wheel brake with the brake cylinder. With falling temperatures, the viscosity of the brake fluid increases disproportionately. At very low temperatures, this means that the brake fluid cannot be sucked in quickly enough, with the fact that the pressure loss in the pipeline increases with increasing viscosity. These obstacles lead to a slow braking intervention. The problem is exacerbated by the fact that master brake cylinders with small flow cross-sections are often used, through which brake fluid is to be sucked in when the brake is actuated independently of the driver. When driving Stability control, however, has the general requirement to effect a quick brake intervention. To solve the problem, it has already been considered to provide a separate precharge pump. However, this would lead to considerable additional costs.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, die Funktion einer hydraulischen Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage mit all ihren Teilfunktionen wie Antiblockerfunktion und Fahrstabi- litätsfunktion auch bei sehr niedrigen Außentemperaturen mit geringem Aufwand zu gewährleisten.The object of the present invention is therefore to ensure the function of a hydraulic motor vehicle brake system with all its subfunctions such as anti-blocking function and driving stability function with little effort, even at very low outside temperatures.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens ein Mittel zum Einbringen von Wärmeenergie in die Bremsflüssigkeit vorgesehen ist. Mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 ist der Vorteil verbunden, daß unmittelbar auf die Fließfähigkeit der Bremsflüssigkeit Einfluß genommen wird, ohne eine kostenaufwendige Zusatzpumpe vorsehen zu müssen.This object is achieved in that at least one means for introducing thermal energy into the brake fluid is provided. With the characterizing features of claim 1, there is the advantage that the fluidity of the brake fluid is directly influenced without having to provide a costly additional pump.
In vorteilhafter Weise handelt es sich bei der Einrichtung um eine elektrische Widerstandsheizung, welche einfach und kostengünstig mit Hilfe elektrischen Stroms betreibbar ist und in Weiterbildung der Erfindung platzsparend in die Ansaugleitung integrierbar ist. Eine elektrische Widerstandsheizeinrichtung weist keine beweglichen Teile auf, so daß kein Verschleiß auftritt und auch keine Wartung notwendig ist. Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die elektrische Widerstandsheizeinrichtung dem Hauptbremszylinder zugeordnet.Advantageously, the device is an electrical resistance heater, which can be operated simply and inexpensively with the aid of electrical current and, in a further development of the invention, can be integrated into the suction line in a space-saving manner. An electrical resistance heating device has no moving parts, so that no wear occurs and no maintenance is necessary. In another embodiment of the invention, the electrical resistance heating device is assigned to the master brake cylinder.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gehen aus Unteransprüchen im Zusammenhang mit der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung hervor. Diese Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von mehreren Ausführungsbeispielen, die in der Zeichnung dargestellt sind, näher beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigt:Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims in connection with the description and the drawing. This invention is described in more detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1 erfindungsgemäße Ansaugleitung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel im Längsschnitt;Fig. 1 intake line according to the invention according to a first embodiment in longitudinal section;
Fig. 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel im Schnitt wie in Fig. 1;Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment in section as in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel wie in Fig. 2;Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment as in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 das dritte Ausführungsbeispiel im Schnitt entlang der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3 ;Figure 4 shows the third embodiment in section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 einen Hauptbremszylinder im Längsschnitt mit elektrischen Widerstandsheizeinrichtungen.Fig. 5 shows a master cylinder in longitudinal section with electrical resistance heating devices.
Eine hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage umfasst zumindest einen Hauptbremszylinder, welcher mittels einer Rohrleitung mit mindestens einem Bremszylinder verbunden ist. Für die zusätzliche Antiblockier- bzw. Fahrstabilitätsregelfunktion kann ferner noch eine Pumpe mit einer Druckmodula- tionseinrichtung notwendig sein. Beispielsweise ist die Pumpe ist mit mindestens einer Ansaugleitung 1 gemäß Fig. 1 an das Bremsflüssigkeitsreservoir, nämlich beispielsweise einem Ausgleichsbehälter oder einem Reservebehälter angeschlossen. Bei bestimmten Konstellationen im Antiblockierbetrieb bzw. im Fahrstabilitätsregelbetrieb saugt die Pumpe Bremsflüssigkeit aus dem Bremsflüssigkeitsreservoir an und verlagert dieses angesaugte Volumen unter Mitwirkung von hier nicht weiter interessierenden Steuerventilen und Druckleitungen in Richtung Radbremse.A hydraulic motor vehicle brake system comprises at least one master brake cylinder which is connected to at least one brake cylinder by means of a pipeline. For the additional anti-lock or driving stability control function, a pump with a pressure module tion device may be necessary. For example, the pump is connected to the brake fluid reservoir with at least one suction line 1 according to FIG. 1, namely, for example, an expansion tank or a reserve tank. In certain constellations in anti-lock braking mode or in driving stability control mode, the pump draws brake fluid from the brake fluid reservoir and shifts this sucked-in volume in the direction of the wheel brake with the help of control valves and pressure lines that are of no further interest here.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist die Ansaugleitung 1 mit Mitteln zum Einbringen von Wärmeenergie in die Bremsflüssigkeit versehen. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 weist die Ansaugleitung 1 eine elektrische Heizeinrichtung 2 auf, mit der die Bremsflüssigkeit erwärmt werden kann, so daß sich dadurch die Viskosität der Bremsflüssigkeit verringert und dies zu einer verbesserten und schnelleren Förderfähigkeit der Bremsflüssigkeit bei tiefen Temperaturen führt. Immer wenn im folgenden von einer Verringerung der Viskosität die Rede ist, dann ist damit die Wirkung gemeint, daß sich die Fließfähigkeit bei niedriger Außentemperatur verbessert. Die elektrische Widerstandsheizeinrichtung 2 ist in die Ansaugleitung 1 integriert und wird mit Hilfe von elektrischem Strom betrieben. Zum Einsatz kommt ein dreischichtiger Aufbau der Ansaugleitung 1. Ausgehend von dem inneren, freien Ansaugquerschnitt 3 besitzt die Ansaugleitung 1 eine, mit ihrer Innenwandung 4 mit der Bremsflüssigkeit in Kontakt tretende Heizschicht 5, an die sich nach radial außen eine Isolierschicht 6 anschließt und abschließend am Außenumfang eine Ummantelung 7 zum Schutz gegen äußere Einwirkungen. Die Heizschicht 5 kann durch verschiedene Mittel ausgeführt werden. Zum einen ist ein elektrisch leitfähiger Kunststoff denkbar, wobei leitfähige Partikel einem Trägermaterial zugesetzt sind, so daß die Schicht 5 insgesamt leitfähig wird. Es ist ebenso denkbar, elektrische Heizdrähte durch eine KunststoffSchicht hindurchzuführen. All diese Varianten unterfallen allerdings dem durch die Erfindung beanspruchten Prinzip. Ein Vorteil der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß die angesaugte Bremsflüssigkeit unmittelbar Kontakt mit der Innenwandung 4 der Heizschicht 5 hat, so daß kaum thermische Verluste auftreten.According to the invention, the intake line 1 is provided with means for introducing thermal energy into the brake fluid. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the intake line 1 has an electric heating device 2 with which the brake fluid can be heated, so that the viscosity of the brake fluid is reduced and this leads to an improved and faster pumping capacity of the brake fluid at low temperatures. Whenever there is talk of a reduction in viscosity in the following, this means the effect that the flowability improves at a low outside temperature. The electrical resistance heating device 2 is integrated in the suction line 1 and is operated with the aid of electric current. A three-layer structure of the intake line 1 is used. Starting from the inner, free intake cross-section 3, the intake line 1 has a heating layer 5, which comes into contact with the brake fluid with its inner wall 4, to which there is a radially outer side Insulating layer 6 connects and finally a casing 7 on the outer circumference for protection against external influences. The heating layer 5 can be implemented by various means. On the one hand, an electrically conductive plastic is conceivable, with conductive particles being added to a carrier material, so that layer 5 becomes conductive overall. It is also conceivable to pass electrical heating wires through a plastic layer. However, all of these variants are subject to the principle claimed by the invention. An advantage of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is that the suctioned brake fluid is in direct contact with the inner wall 4 of the heating layer 5, so that hardly any thermal losses occur.
Bei der in Fig. 2 gezeichneten Ausführungsform sind übereinstimmende Merkmale mit gleichen Bezugsziffern und zusätzlich mit einem Aufstrich versehen. Hierbei befindet sich die Heizschicht 5 ' am Außenumfang der Ansaugleitung 1 ' , ohne daß sie unmittelbaren Flüssigkeitskontakt hat. Zwischen der Heizschicht 5' und einer Innenauskleidung 8 befindet sich eine Isolierschicht 6'. Aus der Fig. 2 geht in Übereinstimmung mit den Fig. 1 und 3 hervor, daß die Isolierschicht 6' an einer Stelle 9 unterbrochen ist, damit die elektrisch leitende Heizschicht 5' eine Masseverbindung 10 mit der als eigentliche Rohrleitung fungierenden Auskleidung 8 eingehen kann. Es versteht sich also, daß die Auskleidung 8 an Masse geschaltet ist und die Heizschicht 5' an einen positiven Pol eines elektrischen Stromkreises. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel zeichnet sich durch einfache Herstellbarkeit aus, denn die gesamte Rohrleitung 1 ' kann einfach durch Tauchbeschichtung der Aukleidung 8 in einem Kunststoffbad erfolgen.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, matching features are provided with the same reference numbers and additionally with a spread. In this case, the heating layer 5 'is located on the outer circumference of the suction line 1' without it having direct liquid contact. There is an insulating layer 6 'between the heating layer 5' and an inner lining 8. 2 in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 3 that the insulating layer 6 'is interrupted at a point 9 so that the electrically conductive heating layer 5' can make a ground connection 10 with the lining 8 which acts as the actual pipeline. It is therefore understood that the liner 8 is connected to ground and the heating layer 5 'to a positive pole of an electrical circuit. This embodiment is characterized by simple manufacturability, because the Entire pipe 1 'can be done simply by dip coating the outer clothing 8 in a plastic bath.
Hinsichtlich eines dritten Ausführungsbeispieles gemäß Fig. 3 gilt bezüglich der Bezugsziffern das zu Fig. 2 Gesagte. Die Ansaugleitung 1" besitzt eine radial innere Isolierschicht 6", welche unmittelbar Kontakt mit der Bremsflüssigkeit besitzt. Nach radial außen schließt sich eine Ummantelung 7" zum Schutz gegen äußere Beanspruchungen an. Diese Variante besitzt ein Heizelement 11, welches zumindest teilweise in dem Ansaugquerschnitt 3" angeordnet ist und zumindest einen Teil der Länge der Ansaugleitung 1" durchgreift. Das Heizelement 11 ist im Inneren eines kreuzförmigen Halteelementes 12 angeordnet, das über Schenkel 13,14,15,16 an der Innenwandung 17 der Isolierschicht 6" anliegt. Auch diese Variante besitzt den Vorteil, daß das Heizelement 11 nahezu direkten Kontakt zur Bremsflüssigkeit hat, so daß geringe Wärmeverluste auftreten. Die Montage erfolgt beispielsweise dadurch, daß das Heizelement 11 zusammen mit dem Halteelement 12 in die Ansaugleitung 1" eingepreßt wird.With regard to a third exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, what has been said regarding FIG. 2 applies to the reference numerals. The intake line 1 "has a radially inner insulating layer 6" which has direct contact with the brake fluid. A sheath 7 "connects radially outwards to protect against external stresses. This variant has a heating element 11 which is at least partially arranged in the intake cross section 3" and extends through at least part of the length of the intake line 1 ". The heating element 11 is in the Arranged inside a cross-shaped holding element 12, which abuts the inner wall 17 of the insulating layer 6 ″ via legs 13, 14, 15, 16. This variant also has the advantage that the heating element 11 has almost direct contact with the brake fluid, so that low heat losses occur. The assembly takes place, for example, in that the heating element 11 is pressed together with the holding element 12 into the suction line 1 ".
Die Erfindung erlaubt es auf einfache Art und Weise, die Viskosität der Bremsflüssigkeit über die gesamte Länge der Ansaugleitung 1, 1', 1" zu verringern. Von Vorteil ist dabei die uneingeschränkte Flexibilität, d.h. Biegbarkeit der Ansaugleitung 1, 1', 1", der geringe Platzbedarf und die einfache, kostengünstige Herstellbarkeit. Durch diese Anordnung kann auf eine separate Vorladepumpe neben der eigentlichen Pumpe verzichtet werden, wobei selbst bei niedrigsten Außen- temperaturen die ordnungsgemäße Funktion der Kraftfahrzeug- Bremsanlage gewährleistet ist. Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht allein auf die Ansaugleitung beschränkt. Prinzipiell können auch andere Abschnitte der Bremsflüssigkeitsleitung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung versehen werden.The invention allows the viscosity of the brake fluid to be reduced in a simple manner over the entire length of the intake line 1, 1 ', 1 ". The advantage here is the unrestricted flexibility, ie flexibility of the intake line 1, 1', 1", the small space requirement and the simple, inexpensive producibility. This arrangement makes it possible to dispense with a separate precharge pump next to the actual pump, even at the lowest external temperatures, the proper functioning of the motor vehicle brake system is guaranteed. Of course, the invention is not limited to the suction line alone. In principle, other sections of the brake fluid line can also be provided with a device according to the invention.
Es versteht sich, daß eine elektrische Widerstandsheizeinri- chung 20,21 alternativ an oder in einem Bremsflüssigkeitsbehälter oder in einem Hauptbremszylinder 22 angeordnet sein kann, ohne die Erfindung zu verlassen. Stellvertretend für alle denkbaren Arten von Hauptbremszylindern zeigt Fig. 5 einen Hauptbremszylinder 22 in Plunger-Bauweise, welcher dazu geeignet ist, daß Bremsflüssigkeit bei einer fahrerunabhängigen Bremsung durch den Hauptbremszylinder hindurch nachgesaugt werden kann. In dem Hauptbremszylinder 22 ist eine elektrische Widerstandsheizeinrichtung 20,21 mit Heizwendeln 23,24 angeordnet. Es ist einerseits möglich die Heizwendel 23 derart um einen napfförmigen Kolben 25 zu legen, daß die Wendel einen Mantel 26 des Kolbens 25 umgreifen und die Kolbenbewegung nicht behindern. Andererseits ist es denkbar, die Wendel 24 zumindest teilweise in das Innere 27 eines Kolbens 28 eingreifen zu lassen. Auch bei dieser Bauweise liegen die Heizwendel 24 außerhalb des Bewegungsbereichs des Kolbens 28. Ferner sind auch Kombinationen der genannten Bauweisen möglich. Dies gilt selbstverständlich auch für Kombinationen einer Leitungsheizeinrichtung 2, 2 ',2" mit einer Heizeinrichtung 20,21 an oder im Hauptzylinder 22 beziehungsweise an oder in einem Bremsflüssigkeitsbehälter. Vorzugsweise sind die Versorgungsleitungen 31, 32 der Heizeinrichtung 20 mit einem Isolierwerkstoff flüssigkeitsdicht in das Gehäuse 29 eingespritzt, wodurch der Herstellungsvorgang beschleunigt und vereinfacht wird. Gemäß einer anderen Variante wird die Heizeinrichtung 21 mit einem Stutzen 30 in das Gehäuse 29 eingeschraubt und sodann die Enden der Heizwendel 23 in den Stutzen 30 eingesteckt. Diese Bauweise erlaubt einen einfachen Austausch der Heizwendel 23 und eine einfache Abwandlung der Serienfertigung, wobei sich die Hauptbremszylinder mit Heizeinrichtung von den Hauptbremszylindern ohne Heizeinrichtung durch die eingesteckten Heizwendel 23 unterscheiden.It goes without saying that an electrical resistance heating device 20, 21 can alternatively be arranged on or in a brake fluid reservoir or in a master brake cylinder 22 without departing from the invention. Representing all conceivable types of master brake cylinders, FIG. 5 shows a master brake cylinder 22 in a plunger design, which is suitable for the fact that brake fluid can be sucked in through the master brake cylinder during driver-independent braking. An electrical resistance heating device 20, 21 with heating coils 23, 24 is arranged in the master brake cylinder 22. On the one hand, it is possible to place the heating coil 23 around a cup-shaped piston 25 in such a way that the coil engages around a jacket 26 of the piston 25 and does not hinder the piston movement. On the other hand, it is conceivable for the helix 24 to at least partially engage in the interior 27 of a piston 28. In this construction too, the heating coil 24 lies outside the range of movement of the piston 28. Combinations of the construction types mentioned are also possible. Of course, this also applies to combinations of a line heating device 2, 2 ', 2 "with a heating device 20, 21 on or in the master cylinder 22 or on or in a brake fluid container. The supply lines 31, 32 of the heating device 20 are preferably injected into the housing 29 in a liquid-tight manner with an insulating material, as a result of which the manufacturing process is accelerated and simplified. According to another variant, the heating device 21 is screwed into the housing 29 with a connector 30 and then the ends of the heating coil 23 are inserted into the connector 30. This design allows simple replacement of the heating coil 23 and a simple modification of the series production, the main brake cylinders with heating device differing from the main brake cylinders without heating device by the inserted heating coil 23.
Es ist noch hinzuzufügen, daß es ferner möglich ist, die Wäremeenergie der Abgase eines Verbrennungsmotors zur Erwärmung der Bremsflüssigkeit heranzuziehen, was eine entsprechende gerichtete Führung des Abgases erfordert.It should also be added that it is also possible to use the thermal energy of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine to heat the brake fluid, which requires appropriate directional guidance of the exhaust gas.
Sofern in dem vorstehenden Text eine Erwärmung der Bremsflüssigkeit angesprochen worden ist, so ist dies immer in Hinblick auf eine Verbesserung der Fließfähigkeit im Tieftemperaturbereich unterhalb von 0°C zu sehen. Beispielsweise werden gute Ergebnisse mit Bremsflüssigkeitstemperaturen im Bereich von 4°C und mehr erzielt. Mit einer Erwärmung ist in keinem Falle gemeint, daß die Bremsflüssigkeit, beispielsweise im Sommer, bei Temperaturen oberhalb 20 °C zusätzlich angewärmt wird. Um den Eingriff der Heizeinrichtung 2,2 ' ,2" ,20,21 zu automatisieren kann beispielsweise eine entsprechende Steuerung unter Verwendung eines Außentempera- turfühlers vorgesehen werden, so daß die Heizeinrichtung 2,2 ' ,2" ,20,21 nur im Bedarfsfall in Betrieb gesetzt wird und folglich nur in diesen Fällen das Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz belastet. If heating of the brake fluid has been mentioned in the above text, this must always be seen in terms of an improvement in flowability in the low-temperature range below 0 ° C. For example, good results are achieved with brake fluid temperatures in the range of 4 ° C and more. In any case, heating does not mean that the brake fluid is additionally heated, for example in summer, at temperatures above 20 ° C. In order to automate the intervention of the heating device 2, 2 ', 2 ", 20, 21, for example, a corresponding control using an outside temperature door sensors are provided so that the heating device 2,2 ', 2 ", 20,21 is only put into operation when required and consequently only loads the vehicle electrical system in these cases.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Hydraulische, mit einem Fluid gefüllte Bremsvorrichtung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge mit mindestens einem Hauptbremszylinder (22), welcher mit Hilfe wenigstens einer Rohrleitung ( 1 , 1 ' , 1" ) und/oder einem Schlauch mit wenigstens einem Bremszylinder flüssigkeitsdicht verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Mittel zum Einbringen von Wärmeenergie in die Bremsflüssigkeit vorgesehen ist.1. Hydraulic brake device filled with a fluid, in particular for motor vehicles, with at least one master brake cylinder (22), which is connected to at least one brake cylinder in a liquid-tight manner by means of at least one pipe (1, 1 ', 1 ") and / or a hose, thereby characterized in that at least one means for introducing thermal energy into the brake fluid is provided.
2. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Mittel eine elektrische Widerstandsheizeinrichtung (2 ,2 ' ,2" ,20,21 ) vorgesehen ist.2. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that an electrical resistance heating device (2, 2 ', 2 ", 20, 21) is provided as the means.
3. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohrleitung (1,1',1") eine elektrische Widerstandsheizeinrichtung (2, 2 ',2") aufweist.3. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that the pipeline (1,1 ', 1 ") has an electrical resistance heating device (2, 2', 2").
4. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizeinrichtung (2,2') in die Ansaugleitung (1,1') integriert ist.4. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating device (2,2 ') is integrated in the intake line (1,1').
5. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ansaugleitung (1,1') mehrere Schichten (5, 5', 6, 6', 7,) aufweist, wobei mindestens eine Schicht (5,5') als heizbare KunststoffSchicht ausgebildet ist.5. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intake line (1,1 ') has several layers (5, 5 ', 6, 6', 7,), at least one layer (5,5 ') being designed as a heatable plastic layer.
6. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach einem oder mehreren der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen einer Innenwandung (4, 4 ',17) und einer Ummantelung (7,7") mindestens eine Isolierschicht6. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that between an inner wall (4, 4 ', 17) and a casing (7,7 ") at least one insulating layer
(6, 6 ',6") vorgesehen ist.(6, 6 ', 6 ") is provided.
7. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ansaugleitung (1") mindestens ein Heizelement (11) aufweist, welches den Ansaugquerschnitt (3") zumindest teilweise durchgreift.7. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intake line (1 ") has at least one heating element (11) which extends through the intake cross-section (3") at least partially.
8. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Heizelement (11) im Inneren eines kreuzförmigen Halteelementes (12) angeordnet ist.8. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating element (11) is arranged in the interior of a cross-shaped holding element (12).
9. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung einer beheizbaren Ansaugleitung (1,1',1") zwischen Pumpe und Bremsflüssigkeitsreservoir zur Verbesserung der Bremsflüssigkeitsfließfähigkeit.9. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system, characterized by the use of a heatable suction line (1,1 ', 1 ") between the pump and the brake fluid reservoir to improve the fluidity of the brake fluid.
10. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Heizeinrichtung an oder in einem Bremsflüssigkeitsbehälter vorgesehen ist. 10. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that the electric heating device is provided on or in a brake fluid container.
11. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Widerstandsheizeinrichtung (20,21) an oder in dem Hauptbremszylinder (22) vorgesehen ist.11. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrical resistance heating device (20,21) is provided on or in the master brake cylinder (22).
12. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Heizeinrichtung (20,21) Heizwendel (23,24) aufweist, welche in dem Hauptbremszylinders (22) angeordnet sind.12. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to claim 11, characterized in that the electric heating device (20,21) heating coil (23,24) which are arranged in the master brake cylinder (22).
13. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizwendel (23) in radialer Richtung im Bereich von einem napfförmigen Kolben (25) angeordnet sind und einen Mantel (26) des Kolbens (25) umgreifen.13. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to claim 12, characterized in that the heating coil (23) are arranged in the radial direction in the region of a cup-shaped piston (25) and encompass a jacket (26) of the piston (25).
14. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizwendel (24) zumindest teilweise in das Innere des napfförmigen Kolbens (28) eingreifen.14. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to claim 12, characterized in that the heating coil (24) at least partially engage in the interior of the cup-shaped piston (28).
15. Hydraulische Kraftfahrzeug-Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung der Abgaswärme eines Verbrennungsmotors als Wärmeträger für eine Heizeinrichtung (2, 2 ',2 ",20, 21). 15. Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system according to claim 1, characterized by the use of the exhaust gas heat of an internal combustion engine as a heat transfer medium for a heating device (2, 2 ', 2 ", 20, 21).
EP98952654A 1997-10-01 1998-09-28 Hydraulic automobile brake system Withdrawn EP1019275A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19743462 1997-10-01
DE19743462 1997-10-01
DE19754163 1997-12-06
DE19754163A DE19754163A1 (en) 1997-10-01 1997-12-06 Hydraulic motor vehicle brake system
PCT/EP1998/006150 WO1999016651A1 (en) 1997-10-01 1998-09-28 Hydraulic automobile brake system

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EP1019275A1 true EP1019275A1 (en) 2000-07-19

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WO (1) WO1999016651A1 (en)

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US6416141B1 (en) 1999-02-25 2002-07-09 Kelsey-Hayes Company Methods for improving braking performance in electronically-controlled hydraulic brake systems
US20140361099A1 (en) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-11 Finishing Brands Holdings Inc. System and Method for Thermal Control of Flow Through a Conduit

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DE3171359D1 (en) * 1981-01-17 1985-08-22 Kugelfischer G Schaefer & Co Method and apparatus for determining the boiling point of brake fluids
DE3709189A1 (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-09-29 Teves Gmbh Alfred Hydraulic brake system with antilock and/or traction control
DE3741971A1 (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-22 Kieninger & Obergfell Device for determining the proportion of a liquid component of low boiling point in a liquid mixture
DE3900821C1 (en) * 1989-01-13 1990-04-19 Technoform Caprano + Brunnhofer Kg, 3501 Fuldabrueck, De Fluid-carrying hose line for a motor vehicle
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