Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/08—Synthesising holograms, i.e. holograms synthesized from objects or objects from holograms
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/0443—Digital holography, i.e. recording holograms with digital recording means
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
  • G03H1/0406—Image plane or focused image holograms, i.e. an image of the object or holobject is formed on, in or across the recording plane
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
  • G03H2001/0033—Adaptation of holography to specific applications in hologrammetry for measuring or analysing
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/0443—Digital holography, i.e. recording holograms with digital recording means
  • G03H2001/0447—In-line recording arrangement
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/0443—Digital holography, i.e. recording holograms with digital recording means
  • G03H2001/0454—Arrangement for recovering hologram complex amplitude
  • G03H2001/0458—Temporal or spatial phase shifting, e.g. parallel phase shifting method
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/0465—Particular recording light; Beam shape or geometry
  • G03H2001/0469—Object light being reflected by the object
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/0465—Particular recording light; Beam shape or geometry
  • G03H2001/0471—Object light being transmitted through the object, e.g. illumination through living cells
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H2222/00—Light sources or light beam properties
  • G03H2222/10—Spectral composition
  • G03H2222/13—Multi-wavelengths wave with discontinuous wavelength ranges
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H2226/00—Electro-optic or electronic components relating to digital holography
  • G03H2226/11—Electro-optic recording means, e.g. CCD, pyroelectric sensors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H3/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves for obtaining holograms; Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from them

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a system and method for three-dimensional imaging utilizing a broadband, coherent energy source with varying frequency and phase .
• Holography is a well established methodology for producing a three-dimensional image of an object.
• the generated interference pattern is recorded in a photographic emulsion or by a two-dimensional detector array.
• the photographic emulsion media is not amenable to computer processing.
• a conventional two-dimensional detector captures the intensity of the interference pattern and transduces the interference pattern into electrical signals which are, of course, more easily operated on by a computer.
• a recently developed technique combines in- phase and quadrature detection with a conventional two- dimensional detector array to capture the complex amplitude and phase information of the interference pattern.
• the technique includes computing a three- dimensional Fourier transform of a stored array representative of a plurality of holograms recorded at different source frequencies and phases. This computation is complex and may require considerable processing time on a typical mini-computer.
• an object of the present invention to provide a system for three-dimensional imaging which utilizes a lens to perform a two- dimensional Fourier transform thereby reducing the computational requirements of generating a three- dimensional image.
• a method for forming a three-dimensional image of an object including the steps of transforming an interference pattern with a lens and detecting a discernible image for previewing and positioning the object .
• the present invention provides a method and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional image of an object.
• the invention utilizes a lens to perform a two- dimensional Fourier transform of an interference pattern while focusing the pattern on a two-dimensional detector array which is positioned in the image plane of the lens. This allows immediate previewing of the imaged object for proper positioning while reducing the computational requirements of previous systems.
• a series of image-plane holograms are projected onto the detector array, each hologram being at a different source frequency.
• In-phase and quadrature detection techniques are utilized to capture the complex values associated with the interference patterns.
• a computer After capturing and storing the various interference patterns, a computer performs a one- dimensional Fourier transform to generate a three- dimensional image of the object.
• FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of a three-dimensional optical imaging system for reflection imaging according to the present invention
• FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of a three-dimensional optical imaging system for transmission imaging according to the present invention
• FIGURE 3 is an alternative embodiment of a three-dimensional optical imaging system for reflection imaging according to the present invention.
• FIGURE 4 is an alternative embodiment of a three-dimensional optical imaging system for reflection imaging utilizing fewer optical elements according to the present invention
• FIGURE 5 is another alternative embodiment of a three-dimensional optical imaging system particularly useful for imaging large objects according to the present invention.
• FIGURE 6 is an alternative embodiment of a three-dimensional optical imaging system particularly useful for imaging through transmissive media according to the present invention.
• FIGURE 7 is a flow chart illustrating a method for forming a three-dimensional image of an object according to the present invention. Best Mode For Carrying Out The Invention
• a tunable laser 10 such as a dye laser, Alexandrite laser, or semiconductor diode laser
• energy beam 12 is redirected by reflective mirror 14 before propagating through beam expander 16. It is desirable, of course, for reflective mirrors such as mirror 14 to have a reflectivity near 100% so as to minimize system losses. However, a lower reflectivity would have a similar result, as is known
• Beam expander 16 radially expands the beam before the beam propagates through collimating lens 18.
• the beam emerges from collimating lens 18 having a substantially planar wavefront.
• the collimated beam then propagates to a partially-reflective beam splitter 20 where it is divided into an object beam 22 and a reference beam 24.
• energy beam 12 is divided so as to balance the reflected energy from object 26 incident on beam splitter 20 with the energy of reference beam 24.
• object beam 24 impinges upon and interacts with object 26 which scatters the energy thereby forming scattered energy rays, indicated generally by reference numeral 28.
• object beam 24 impinges upon and interacts with object 26 which scatters the energy thereby forming scattered energy rays, indicated generally by reference numeral 28.
• a portion of the scattered energy rays propagate back toward beam splitter 20 where they combine with the phase-shifted reference beam as described below.
• Reference beam 22 propagates to reflective phase shifting mirror 30 which may impart a phase shift to reference beam 22 while changing its direction of propagation back toward beam splitter 20.
• the phase shifter may be any of a number of known devices, such as an electro-optic, piezo-electric, or acousto-optic device or even an appropriately chosen waveplate .
• the phase-shifted reference beam impinges upon beam splitter
• Lenses 32 and 34 form a telecentric imaging system.
• a circular aperture 36 is disposed between lenses 32 and 34 to expand the spatial bandwidth of the system while imposing an "aperture function" on the transmitted light, as is well known in the art .
• the telecentric imaging system allows aperture
• lens 32 essentially focuses the reference beam to a point source located in the plane of aperture 36.
• the interference pattern formed at beam splitter 20 propagates through the telecentric imaging system.
• Lens 34 performs a two- dimensional Fourier transform while focusing the interference pattern at image plane 38.
• a two-dimensional detector array 40 is positioned adjacent image plane 38 for detecting the discernible image.
• the detector array may be any of a variety of detectors known in the art, such as a charge- coupled-device (CCD) array.
• Detector array 40 is connected to a computer 42 for storing and processing data representative of the focused interference pattern. Generally, the detector array responds to the intensity of the incident energy and produces electrical signals which are easily processed by computer 42.
• phase shifter 30 may be used to compensate for a mismatch or the final image may be digitally corrected to remove the aberration.
• tunable laser 10 is allowed to stabilize and is tuned to the first operating frequency.
• An interference pattern is focused on detector array 40 as explained above, and recorded by computer 42.
• Phase shifting mirror 30 is used to change the phase of the object beam relative to the reference beam. Preferably, the phase is shifted by 7r/2.
• the new interference pattern is then recorded by computer 42 in a similar fashion.
• Conventional in-phase and quadrature detection used in the present invention repeats the above procedure changing the phase by ⁇ /2 for each repetition with a total of four repetitions at each frequency. However, it is possible to obtain images with fewer phase variations depending upon the physical characteristics of the object being imaged.
• tunable laser 10 is tuned to a second frequency and the above process is repeated.
• a number of equally spaced laser frequencies are utilized to produce a three- dimensional image. For example, sixty-four equally spaced frequencies may be used to produce a single three-dimensional image.
• phase processing which does not require Fourier processing by computer 42 as detailed below.
• a series of equations can be used to determine the range with each equation applying to a different source frequency of tunable laser 10. The phase is given by:
• ⁇ is the difference between the phase values and ⁇ v is the frequency separation of the laser frequencies.
• the complex values detected are recorded and arranged in a one-dimensional array by computer 42.
• a one-dimensional Fourier transformation of these one-dimensional arrays gives the complex reflectivity of the object as a function of range.
• a three-dimensional image of object 26 is formed.
• the three-dimensional image is in digital form and can be easily manipulated by computer 46 for analysis and viewing.
• the digital image created by this system has a number of useful applications. For example, the image can easily be utilized in CAD/CAM applications or for computer vision applications, such as object recognition and optical inspection.
• the three-dimensional images are stored in conjunction with a coordinate system to facilitate precise dimensioning of the object as well as measurements relative to a reference position, such as the origin.
• the computer may calculate distances, tolerances, and other dimensional parameters pertinent to an inspection process based on the digital image.
• the image may also be compared to previously stored images for object recognition applications.
• the resolution of the imaging system of the present invention depends upon a number of factors including the frequency separation between recordings, the width of the frequency band over which the laser is tuned, the size of the apertures used, and the focal length of the lenses.
• the range resolution is given by:
• ⁇ is the nominal wavelength
• F# is the "f/number" of the imaging system
• f is the focal length of collecting lens 32
• D is the diameter of aperture 36.
• the unambiguous range must exceed the range depth of the object being imaged. The unambiguous range is given by:
• c is the speed of light and ⁇ v inc is the frequency increment or separation.
• the optical imaging system of the present invention is calibrated by imaging an object 26 which is flat.
• the three-dimensional image produced would, likewise be flat.
• the optical elements of the system are incrementally repositioned until the desired result is achieved.
• calibration can be accomplished with post-processing algorithms performed by computer 46.
• digital refocussing can be performed by computer 46. Since the recorded image is complex-valued, refocussing is accomplished by applying a quadratic phase field to each range bin. For many applications, the quadratic phase curvature will be a function of the range of the particular range bin being focussed.
• tunable laser 50 provides a temporally and spatially coherent energy beam 52.
• Energy beam 52 is redirected by reflecting mirror 54 and propagates toward beam expander 56 and beam collimator 58 before striking beam splitter 60 which divides the beam into object beam 62 and reference beam 64.
• Object beam 62 is redirected by reflective mirror 66 before passing through transmissive object 68.
• the beam interacts with and is scattered by transmissive object 68 thereby forming scattered energy rays 70 with a portion of the scattered rays 70 impinging upon beam- merging element 72.
• Reference beam 64 propagates to phase shifting mirror 74 which may impart a relative phase shift between reference beam 64 and object beam 62 as explained below.
• the phase-shifted beam is redirected to impinge upon beam-merging element 72 where it combines with the scattered rays 70 to form an interference pattern.
• a telecentric imaging system formed by lenses 76 and 78 is used in combination with circular aperture 80 for the reasons described above.
• the interference pattern propagates through transforming lens 78 which performs a two-dimensional Fourier transform on the interference pattern while focusing the pattern at image plane 82.
• Detector array 84 is positioned adjacent image plane 82 for detecting and transducing the focused interference pattern.
• Computer 86 communicates with detector array 84 for recording and processing signals representative of the focused interference pattern so as to form a three-dimensional image as described above.
• tunable laser 90 provides an optical energy beam 92 which is spatially and temporally coherent.
• Energy beam 92 propagates to a partially-reflective beam splitter 94 where it is divided into an object beam 96 and a reference beam 98.
• Object beam 96 propagates through a phase modulator 100 which may shift the phase of object beam 96 relative to reference beam 98, as previously explained.
• the phase shifter may be any of a number of known devices, such as an electro-optic, acousto-optic, or piezoelectric device.
• the phase- shifted reference beam propagates through a diverging lens 102 which radially expands the beam and then through a collimating lens 104.
• the beam emerges from collimating lens 104 having a substantially planar wavefront.
• the collimated beam strikes mirror 106 and is reflected so as to impinge upon object 108.
• the incident energy beam impinges upon and interacts with object 108 which scatters the energy thereby forming scattered energy rays, indicated generally by reference numeral 110.
• a portion of the scattered energy rays propagate toward collecting lens 112 which focuses the rays to form an object point source 114.
• a circular aperture 116 is positioned in the focal plane of collecting lens 112 to expand the spatial bandwidth of the system while imposing an aperture function on the transmitted light, as previously described.
• object point source 114 is positioned at the center of aperture 116.
• the rays diverge and strike a unidirectionally transmissive beam-merging element 118 where they combine with reference beam 98.
• the beam-merging element 118 transmits substantially all incident light propagating in one direction while reflecting substantially all incident light propagating in the opposite direction, as is well known in the art.
• reference beam 98 propagates through converging lens 120 which focuses the beam to a reference point source 122.
• the reference beam 98 then diverges before striking beam-merging element 118 which reflects preferably all of the incident reference beam energy in a direction coincident with the diverging rays emanating from object point source 114.
• the reference and object energy beams combine at beam-merging element 118 to form an interference pattern.
• beam-merging element 118 is positioned so that reference beam 98 and rays emanating from object point source 114 illuminate an equal area on beam-merging element 118.
• the interference pattern propagates through transforming lens 124 which performs a two-dimensional Fourier transform while focusing the interference pattern at image plane 126.
• a two-dimensional detector array 128 is positioned adjacent image plane 126 for detecting the discernible image.
• the detector array may be any of a variety of detectors known in the art, such as a charge-coupled-device (CCD) array.
• Detector array 128 is connected to a computer 130 for storing and processing data representative of the focused interference pattern. Generally, the detector array responds to the intensity of the incident energy and produces electrical signals which are easily processed by computer 130.
• tunable laser 140 provides a temporally and spatially coherent energy beam 142.
• Beam splitter 144 divides the energy beam into an object beam 146 and a reference beam 148.
• the object beam 146 propagates through phase shifter 150 and diverging lens 152 before striking mirror 154 which redirects object beam 146 toward object lens 156.
• object beam 142 after passing through object lens 156, object beam 142 impinges upon and interacts with object 158 which scatters object beam 142.
• Object 158 reflects a portion of the incident energy toward aperture 160.
• Energy passing through aperture 160 propagates through beam-merging element 162.
• Reference beam 148 propagates through converging lens 162 forming reference point source 164.
• Reference beam 148 then expands radially and impinges upon beam- merging member 166 where it combines with energy passing through aperture 160 to form an interference pattern.
• the interference pattern propagates through transforming lens 168 which performs a two-dimensional Fourier transform while focusing the interference pattern at image plane 170.
• Detector array 172 is located adjacent image plane 170 for detecting and transducing the focused interference pattern.
• Detector array 172 is connected to computer 174 for recording and processing as previously described.
• tunable laser 180 produces a temporally and spatially coherent energy beam 182 which impinges upon beam splitter 184 thereby dividing it into object beam 186 and reference beam 188.
• Object beam 186 passes through phase shifter 190 before being redirected by mirror 192.
• phase shifter 190 may change the phase of object beam 186 relative to reference beam 188 for conventional in-phase and quadrature detection.
• object beam propagates through diverging lens 194 which disperses the beam changing the substantially planar wavefronts to substantially spherical wavefronts, indicated generally by reference numeral 196.
• the spherical wavefronts 196 fully illuminate large object 198 which interacts with and scatters the incident energy.
• a portion of the scattered energy propagates through aperture 200 before striking beam-merging element 202.
• Reference beam 188 propagates through converging lens 204 and is focused to reference point source 206 from which point it diverges and strikes beam-merging element 202.
• the reference beam 188 then combines with reflected energy from large object 198 to form an interference pattern.
• transforming lens 208 performs a two-dimensional Fourier transform while focusing the interference pattern at image plane 210.
• Detector array 212 is positioned adjacent image plane 210 for detecting and transducing the focused interference pattern as before.
• Computer 214 is connected to detector array 212 for recording and processing the holographic information to produce a three-dimensional image.
• the detected image present at image plane 210 requires processing with a standard digital remapping algorithm due to the spherical wavefronts 196 produced by diverging lens 194. Digital remapping is performed by computer 214 while generating the three-dimensional image .
• Figure 6 another alternative embodiment of the present invention particularly useful for imaging through transmissive media is shown.
• tunable laser 220 provides a temporally and spatially coherent energy beam 222.
• Energy beam 222 propagates toward beam splitter 224 which divides the beam into object beam 226 and reference beam 228.
• Object beam 226 passes through phase shifter 230 and then through expanding lens 232 which radially expands the beam.
• the expanded beam passes through collimating lens 234 so that the emerging rays are substantially parallel with planar wavefronts.
• the collimated beam is redirected by mirrors 236 and 238 so that it passes through transmissive object 240.
• the beam interacts with and is scattered by transmissive object 240 with a portion of the energy impinging upon collecting lens 242.
• Collecting lens 242 focuses the transmitted energy to form object point source 244.
• object point source 244 is positioned at the center of circular aperture 246.
• the transmitted beam passing through aperture 246 strikes beam-merging element 248.
• Reference beam 228 passes through converging lens 250 to form reference point source 252, thereafter expanding and also striking beam-merging element 248.
• the expanding reference beam combines with the reflected object beam to form an interference pattern.
• Transforming lens 254 performs a two- dimensional Fourier transform on the interference pattern while focusing the pattern at image plane 256.
• Detector array 258 is positioned adjacent image plane 256 for detecting and transducing the focused interference pattern.
• Computer 260 communicates with detector array 258 for recording and processing signals representative of the focused interference pattern so as to form a three-dimensional image as previously described.
• Step 280 comprises directing a temporally and spatially coherent object energy beam to impinge upon and interact with an object to be imaged.
• the object will scatter the energy beam thereby forming scattered energy rays.
• Step 282 includes directing a temporally and spatially coherent reference beam to combine with the scattered rays produced in step 280 thereby forming an interference pattern.
• a two-dimensional Fourier transform of the interference pattern is produced at step 284 by interposing a lens in the path of propagation of the evolving interference pattern. The lens focuses the pattern to produce a discernible image in the likeness of the object.
• step 286 includes detecting the focused interference pattern which is recognizable as a likeness of the object, preferably with a two-dimensional detector array. Once detected, a numerical representation of the image is stored at 288 for processing by a computer. Step 290 represents a test to determine if all the phase increments have been completed. The number of incremental phase changes is predetermined by the system operator but is preferably four phases with an increment of ⁇ r/2 for conventional in-phase and quadrature detection. If an interference pattern has not been recorded for each of the predetermined phases, the relative phase between the object and reference beams is changed at step 292 and the process is repeated beginning with step 280.
• the method continues in a similar fashion at step 294 by determining if a pattern has been recorded for all of the predetermined frequencies. As previously explained, the number of frequencies utilized depends on the particular object being imaged. Some objects may require as few as three distinct source frequencies while others may require up to sixty-four source frequencies. If an interference pattern has not been recorded for all of the predetermined frequencies, the source frequency is changed at step 296 and the method is repeated beginning with step 280. After completing recording at all of the predetermined source frequencies, the stored numerical representations are processed by a computer at step 298. The processing includes computing a one-dimensional Fourier transform of the complex values detected by the two-dimensional detector array thereby generating a three-dimensional image in digital form for analysis and viewing.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computing Systems (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
• Holo Graphy (AREA)
• Image Processing (AREA)
• Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-09-03 AU AU41773/97A patent/AU4177397A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-09-03 JP JP2000509018A patent/JP2001515227A/ja not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-09-03 WO PCT/US1997/015447 patent/WO1999012079A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1997-09-03 EP EP97939753A patent/EP1010042A1/en not_active Withdrawn

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