EP1008828A1 - Echangeur de chaleur à plaques pour un appareil de séparation d'air - Google Patents
Echangeur de chaleur à plaques pour un appareil de séparation d'air Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1008828A1 EP1008828A1 EP99403009A EP99403009A EP1008828A1 EP 1008828 A1 EP1008828 A1 EP 1008828A1 EP 99403009 A EP99403009 A EP 99403009A EP 99403009 A EP99403009 A EP 99403009A EP 1008828 A1 EP1008828 A1 EP 1008828A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- exchanger
- plates
- nickel
- stainless steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
- F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
- F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
- F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
- F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
- F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
- F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/087—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from nickel or nickel alloys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/40—One fluid being air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/20—Particular dimensions; Small scale or microdevices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
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- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
- F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
- F28F2250/108—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with combined cross flow and parallel flow
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchanger and, more in particular, a plate heat exchanger, allowing the exchange of the heat between at least two fluids of an air separation device.
- An air separation device includes several types of exchanger heat.
- a main heat exchanger is used to cool the supply air to the apparatus at distillation temperature by heat exchange with one or several fluids from the distillation apparatus. In some cases, this are pressurized liquids from the device that vaporize against the air to be distilled in the exchanger.
- the apparatus also comprises at least one vaporizer-condenser which is a heat exchanger placed inside or outside the column.
- vaporizers are usually made entirely of copper, steel stainless, nickel or aluminum and consist of at least two circuits which are connected to the rest of the installation by means of pipes welded to equipment.
- An object of the present invention is to reduce the cost of construction exchangers by eliminating mixed junctions.
- All elements provided in stainless steel can be steel austenitic. They can also be made of a stainless steel alloy with at least one other metal.
- the exchanger may include pipes, connected to the semi-cylindrical heads, stainless steel or aluminum.
- the dividers and / or the side bars are made of steel stainless.
- the exchanger can fulfill one of the roles described above in a air separation device.
- it can be the main exchanger which is used to cool the air to its distillation temperature or a sub-cooler.
- a heat exchanger can make it possible to heat the tank of the second column with the head gas from the first column. Only two different flows circulate in the exchanger.
- the heat exchanger according to the invention can be an exchanger intermediate of the second column or a single overhead condenser column.
- a heat exchanger 20 comprises a series of parallel copper plates brazed together which define a multitude passages intended alternately for one of the three fluid flow rates, by example, a gaseous air flow, a nitrogen-enriched gas flow at about 5 bars and a liquid flow enriched with oxygen at around 1.5 bars.
- the pressures can take other values.
- the gas or liquid enters the exchanger by means of a pipe 2 in stainless steel welded in the middle of a head 1 (sometimes called “box” or in English “header”) semi-cylindrical and stainless steel which distributes the gas over the entire height of the exchanger 20 to send it to a passage entrance defined by the stainless steel separator bar 12.
- the heads of distribution 1 will be made of nickel or stainless steel or an alloy comprising one of these two metals.
- the waves would be in the same metal or alloy. Above waves 9, the passages are closed by bars 12.
- an air flow is cooled in an exchanger 20A according to the invention by heat exchange with waste gases, liquid nitrogen and nitrogen gas before being sent to a double column.
- This includes a medium pressure column thermally connected with a low pressure column by a vaporizer-condenser 20C according to the invention.
- a flow of oxygen-rich liquid is drawn from the tank of the low pressure column and vaporizes by heat exchange with a flow of compressed air in a dedicated exchanger 20B according to the invention.
- the exchanger comprises a stack of plates vertical and parallel rectangulars between which are interposed spacer waves also forming thermal fins.
- Each pair of plates delimits a passage of generally flat shape.
- the passages are closed by bars.
- the bars corresponding to the treated fluid are however removed on the face upper 3 of the body 1, and also on its lower face.
- the exchanger works like a thermosiphon, with an upward circulation of oxygen vaporized, causing liquid oxygen.
- the two-phase mixture leaves the body 2 by its upper face 3.
- the closing bars are moreover arranged so as to leave free, on the vertical lateral faces of the body 1, horizontal rows of nitrogen input / output windows. These windows are capped by boxes input / output of generally cylindrical shape, such as the box 4 shown in the drawing, provided at the upper part of the body and used for the entry of nitrogen gas in the nitrogen passages, which box is supplied by a driving 5.
- the ball constituting the fluid inlet / outlet chamber can be in stainless steel or nickel or an alloy comprising one of these two metals.
- the exchangers according to the invention can be co-current exchangers or against the tide. They can be bath type vaporizers (to thermosiphon) or film or tubular.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- une pluralité de plaques métalliques en cuivre, en nickel, ou en un alliage comprenant au moins 80 % de cuivre ou au moins 80 % de nickel ayant un contour substantiellement similaire, parallèles et espacées les unes des autres afin de former des passages ;
- des ondes d'échange placées entre les plaques ;
- un moyen d'obturation constitué par des barres latérales reliées de façon étanche aux bords des plaques ;
- deux tôles extérieures parallèles aux plaques et ayant un contour substantiellement similaire à ceux des plaques ;
- des têtes semi-cylindriques reliées aux passages entre les plaques
caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des tôles extérieures et/ou au moins une des têtes semi-cylindriques et/ou une chambre d'entrée et/ou de sortie de fluide est (sont) en acier inoxydable ou en nickel ou un alliage comprenant au moins 80 % de nickel.
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique de l'extérieur d'un échangeur selon l'invention,
- les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues schématiques de l'intérieur d'un échangeur selon l'invention,
- la figure 4 est un appareil de séparation d'air comprenant plusieurs échangeurs selon l'invention,
- la figure 5 est une vue partielle de côté de l'extérieur d'un autre échangeur selon l'invention,
- et la figure 6 est une vue de dessus de cet échangeur.
- une colonne moyenne pression,
- une colonne basse pression reliée thermiquement avec la colonne moyenne pression,
- un échangeur de chaleur,
- des moyens pour envoyer à l'échangeur de chaleur un débit d'air, un débit d'azote liquide soutiré de la colonne moyenne pression et au moins un autre débit provenant d'une des colonnes,
- un échangeur auxiliaire,
- des moyens pour envoyer un autre débit d'air, éventuellement surpressé, et un débit liquide riche en oxygène à l'échangeur auxiliaire,
- et des moyens pour sortir un débit d'azote gazeux de l'échangeur de chaleur et des moyens pour sortir un débit gazeux riche en oxygène de l'échangeur auxiliaire.
Claims (8)
- Echangeur de chaleur à plaques comprenant :une pluralité de plaques métalliques (8) en cuivre, en nickel ou en un alliage comprenant au moins 80 % de cuivre ou au moins 80 % de nickel ayant un contour substantiellement similaire, parallèles et espacées les unes des autres afin de former des passages ;des ondes d'échange (6) placées entre les plaques,un moyen d'obturation (11) constitué par des barres latérales reliées de façon étanche aux bords des plaques ;deux tôles extérieures (7) parallèles aux plaques et ayant un contour substantiellement similaire à ceux des plaques;des têtes semi-cylindriques (1) reliées aux passages entre les plaques
caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des tôles extérieures et/ou au moins une des têtes semi-cylindriques et/ou une chambre d'entrée ou de sortie de fluide est en acier inoxydable ou en nickel ou un alliage comprenant au moins 80 % de nickel. - Echangeur selon la revendication 1 comprenant des tuyauteries (2), reliées aux têtes semi-cylindriques, en acier inoxydable ou en aluminium.
- Echangeur selon la revendication 1 ou 2 dans lequel les barres latérales (11) sont en acier inoxydable.
- Echangeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel les séparatrices sont en acier inoxydable.
- Appareil de séparation d'air comprenant au moins un échangeur de chaleur (20) selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
- Appareil selon la revendication 5 dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur est l'échangeur principal qui sert à refroidir l'air à sa température de distillation.
- Appareil selon la revendication 5 ou 6 dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur est un sous-refroidisseur.
- Appareil selon la revendication 5, 6 ou 7 comprenant une première colonne alimentée par de l'air et reliée thermiquement à une deuxième colonne au moyen d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9815423 | 1998-12-07 | ||
FR9815423A FR2786859B1 (fr) | 1998-12-07 | 1998-12-07 | Echangeur de chaleur a plaques pour un appareil de separation d'air |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1008828A1 true EP1008828A1 (fr) | 2000-06-14 |
Family
ID=9533665
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99403009A Withdrawn EP1008828A1 (fr) | 1998-12-07 | 1999-12-02 | Echangeur de chaleur à plaques pour un appareil de séparation d'air |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1008828A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2786859B1 (fr) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1154218A1 (fr) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Echangeur de chaleur à plaques |
DE10302948A1 (de) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-05 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere Abgaskühler für Kraftfahrzeuge |
WO2005059464A1 (fr) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Echangeur thermique a base de titane a ailettes-plaques bimetalliques |
EP1746374A3 (fr) * | 2005-07-21 | 2011-12-21 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation cryogénique d'air |
EP3114421A4 (fr) * | 2014-03-04 | 2017-09-13 | Conoco Phillips Company | Échangeur de chaleur pour une installation de gaz naturel liquéfié |
EP3327394A3 (fr) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-11-07 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procédé d'augmentation de la production d'azote pur à basse pression par transformation d'un appareil d'origine de séparation d'air cryogénique |
WO2018206886A1 (fr) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Appareil d'échange de chaleur |
WO2019025689A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-07 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Élément intercalaire en alliage d'aluminium de fonderie pour un échangeur de chaleur |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2073395A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-10-14 | Chausson Usines Sa | A heat exchanger for cooling a high temperature fluid |
US4715433A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1987-12-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Reboiler-condenser with doubly-enhanced plates |
WO1995028610A1 (fr) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-26 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Echangeur thermique perfectionne dote de plaques brasees |
EP0718582A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-06-26 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Appareil à circulation de fluide |
US5644840A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1997-07-08 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of producing a plate-type heat exchanger |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2728670B1 (fr) | 1994-12-23 | 1997-03-21 | Air Liquide | Chambre d'entree/sortie de fluide, et appareil a circulation de fluide correspondant |
-
1998
- 1998-12-07 FR FR9815423A patent/FR2786859B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-12-02 EP EP99403009A patent/EP1008828A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2073395A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-10-14 | Chausson Usines Sa | A heat exchanger for cooling a high temperature fluid |
US4715433A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1987-12-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Reboiler-condenser with doubly-enhanced plates |
US5644840A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1997-07-08 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of producing a plate-type heat exchanger |
WO1995028610A1 (fr) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-26 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Echangeur thermique perfectionne dote de plaques brasees |
EP0718582A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-06-26 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Appareil à circulation de fluide |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1154218A1 (fr) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Echangeur de chaleur à plaques |
US6886629B2 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2005-05-03 | Linde Akiengesellschaft | Plate heat exchanger |
DE10302948A1 (de) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-05 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere Abgaskühler für Kraftfahrzeuge |
WO2005059464A1 (fr) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Echangeur thermique a base de titane a ailettes-plaques bimetalliques |
US7201973B2 (en) | 2003-12-10 | 2007-04-10 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Bimetallic plate-fin titanium based heat exchanger |
EP1746374A3 (fr) * | 2005-07-21 | 2011-12-21 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation cryogénique d'air |
EP3114421A4 (fr) * | 2014-03-04 | 2017-09-13 | Conoco Phillips Company | Échangeur de chaleur pour une installation de gaz naturel liquéfié |
US11435138B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2022-09-06 | Conocophillips Company | Heat exchanger for a liquefied natural gas facility |
EP3327394A3 (fr) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-11-07 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procédé d'augmentation de la production d'azote pur à basse pression par transformation d'un appareil d'origine de séparation d'air cryogénique |
WO2018206886A1 (fr) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Appareil d'échange de chaleur |
FR3066265A1 (fr) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-16 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Appareil d'echange de chaleur |
WO2019025689A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-07 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Élément intercalaire en alliage d'aluminium de fonderie pour un échangeur de chaleur |
FR3069919A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-08 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Element intercalaire en alliage d'aluminium de fonderie pour un echangeur de chaleur |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2786859A1 (fr) | 2000-06-09 |
FR2786859B1 (fr) | 2001-01-19 |
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