EP1001075B1 - Sheathless conveyor cable for cable or municipal railways - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a sheath-free rope according to the introductory Part of claim 1.

Such a rope is generally known from GB 2 320 933 A, wherein according to one embodiment, the shaped strands approximately triangular cross section, with more or less strong rounded corners, and together have a round cross-section of the rope. Accordingly, in this known Wire rope strung with form strands, the strands close to attach to each other so that there is a line contact between comes the wires of adjacent strands.

With regard to a suitability of a rope for use as Föderseil for cable cars or light rail vehicles are specific requirements to put on the rope, and the invention is looking for here to design a generic rope in such a way that it can be used as a Such rope is suitable.

A problem with known hoisting ropes for cable cars or Light rail often lies in the fact that the strands on the rope outer circumference can not ensure a sufficiently round surface as they do would be needed for a smooth run over roles. It comes rather to strand-induced oscillations and thus to sound Rolling noise, particularly undesirable in city cable cars are. A more round surface could be at an appropriate large number of - thin - strands can be achieved, then one Circumference can be better approximated, however, brings the increase the number of hubs has the disadvantage of being inside the stranded core insert space thereby comparatively has large cross section, which in turn means that for a given rope diameter, the metallic one. cross-section Such a rope with more strands compared to a Rope is reduced with fewer strands. In addition, by a high number of strands makes splicing of the cable difficult or even impossible made.

To achieve round surfaces was therefore already proposed, together with the steel strands also plastic tapes, in particular with a more or less dumbbell-shaped Cross section, to be stranded, cf. for example CH 688 915 A, which corresponds to EP 685 592 A, or even DE 31 49 783 A and EP 707 108 A. Studies have shown, however, that with these ropes with the plastic tape deposits though initially a round surface can be achieved, however, that in the Operation after a relatively short time the plastic belts between the strands are chafed through, and that the bands on the Outside of the rope - according to an unavoidable in operation Elongation of the plastic strips compared to the steel strands - stand in front of and tear down. The plastic bands are released from the Rope out, so that again the non-circular surface, with the Result of rolling noise, results. In addition, there is the danger a hanging of the dissolving plastic tapes on rollers or roll mounts, resulting in a pop out of the conveyor Ropes out of the roles and lead to serious cable car accidents can. These known ropes could therefore no practical Use lead.

From DE 1 029 627 C is further a wire rope with triangular strands known, in which a star-shaped in cross-section Insert made of rubber or plastic is provided, wherein the Star tips should protrude over the circumference. Such a thing Wire rope would be for use as a hoisting rope in cable cars or light rail vehicles unsuitable, especially since the deposit with the protruding star tips in operation when running over rollers deformed and torn up and ultimately on the roles could impose.

In GB 1 394 362 A a tensioning element for Prestressed concrete described, with approximately trapezoidal cross sections for individual elements are shown, but it is not wires, but wires. It also lies a wrapper that is used as a ropeway for cable cars etc. is contrary.

GB 2 126 613 A describes shaped strands with trapezoidal Cross sections, but in a rope, in which the strands in one Plastic or rubber shell are included, and in which the Strands are preferably also constructed of plastic. Moreover, the entire rope is additionally in a tubular casing contain. A suitability as a rope for cable cars or light rail vehicles is therefore also not given.

It is now an object of the invention to provide a generic rope for Use as a hoisting cable for cable cars and urban railways with comparatively to provide little strands, nevertheless a has round surface with good approximation, and this at large metallic cross sections. It will also be an education aimed at, in which the strands are not against each other (or against plastic bands) can scrub so that a trouble-free Operation can be ensured over long periods.

To solve this problem, the invention provides a rope like defined in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and Further developments are specified in the subclaims.

An advantage of the invention is the stranded rope with trapezoidal in cross-section strands that comparatively large metallic cross-sections and thus achieved high breaking forces be able to do this, providing a comparatively round one Surface, and while ensuring an air gap between the Strands, so that the strands can not rub against each other. In a further consequence, the so-executed hoisting rope is also over long operating times and it becomes an essential Reduction of the strand-induced vibrations and thus of the Reached rolling noise. In that the number of strands is relative may remain low, with preferably six, possibly seven or eight strands are used, this is also ensured that the rope remains spliceable, whereas ropes remain with a higher number of strands in practice no longer spliced can be.

In a hoisting rope according to the invention, the shaped strands can in a conventional manner by means of rollers, with the aid of Drawing dies or compressed by means of a hammer mechanism, etc. whereby the final shaping is achieved. Of course, combinations of these known Techniques, such as a combination of a drawing and rolling tool, be applied.

To the air gap between the Formlitzen, the one against To prevent side chafing of the form strands, in operation too secure, the shaped strands in the hoisting rope in addition to a lateral slipping (in the circumferential direction of the hoisting rope) secured be, and this can be done in a particularly advantageous manner be achieved by the fact that provided within the form of strands, in cross-section substantially round core radially projecting, Material areas formed by deformation during stranding that points into the air gaps between the shaped strands protruding Form spacers. In this training, thus the Spacers easy in the course of manufacture by deformation formed by circumferential material areas of the core.

On the other hand, it is for a very good backup the position of the shaped strands low, if in the air gaps Spacers in the form of Trensen or support strands are inserted. The spacers, i.e. Trensen or support strands, can be made of compact plastic, such as polypropylene or polyamide, they exist however, may also be made from processed synthetic fibers, e.g. made of polypropylene, Polyamide or polyester fibers to be produced. On It would also be conceivable here, particularly durable fibers, such as about kevlar, to use for the support strands.

The Formlitzen can have different deposits; for example, it is advantageous for ease of manufacture, when the trapezoidal shaped strands core inserts made of compact Plastic or made of processed synthetic fibers. As plastic materials come in turn polypropylene, Polyamide and polyester, etc. in question. For especially high Strengths can also be provided that the trapezoidal shaped strands have metallic core inserts.

For a more or less positive storage of the Cross-section trapezoidal shaped strands, it is also advantageous if the core is softer with respect to its core insert Plastic encapsulation is provided.

Fig. 1 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Förderseil, wobei zu Vergleichszwecken zusätzlich zu den im Querschnitt trapezförmigen Formlitzen auch einige im Querschnitt kreisförmige, herkömmliche Litzen eingezeichnet sind; und

die Fig. 2 bis 5 mehr im Detail Querschnittsdarstellungen von vier Ausführungsbeispielen des vorliegenden Förderseils.

The invention will be explained below with reference to illustrated in the drawings, particularly preferred embodiments, to which, however, it should not be limited. They show in detail:

Figure 1 shows a schematic cross section through a conveyor rope according to the invention, wherein for comparison purposes, in addition to the trapezoidal in cross-section shaped strands also some circular cross-section, conventional strands are shown. and

Figs. 2 to 5 in more detail cross-sectional views of four embodiments of the present hoisting rope.

The in the drawing in the individual Figs. 1 to 5 shown Ropes 1 are each constructed with strands 2, the under Leaving radial air gaps 4 arranged around a core 3 around are, and instead of hitherto on ropes for Ropeways and light railways usual circular cross section one have approximately trapezoidal cross-section. For example For each rope six such shaped strands 2 are provided, which As studies have shown, an optimal compromise between the contradictory demands on the one hand the largest possible metallic cross section (in terms of on high breaking forces) and on the other hand a possible round outside or surface of the rope too achieve. For such a round surface it would be in itself favorable, for better adaptation of the circular shape as many as possible Strand 2 to install, but then naturally a small Should have cross-section; On the other hand, strands with large secure Cross section, although the desired large metallic cross section and thus the high strength, but then can the circular shape of the cross section are not so well approximated. It has shown that for the present purpose six to eight strands 2 around the core 3 around are the most favorable, in particular six strands 2 are preferable. It should also be mentioned here that at a higher number of strands a splicing of the rope. 1 becomes practically impossible, so that also by the number of strands is limited to the top.

Due to the formation of the strands 2 as Formlitzen with approximately trapezoidal cross section is, even if comparatively there are few strands per rope, improved roundness of the rope Rope achieves, as in particular from the presentation in Fig. 1, where with 2 'in cross section circular strands indicating that the outermost points the circles of adjacent circular strands 2 'accordingly a central angle of 60 ° apart, whereas in the case the trapezoidal shaped strands 2 those adjacent to each other Points where the trapezoidal cross-section lines into the outer thought Circular line 5 of the hoisting rope 1 open, for example only according to a central angle of 15 ° or 20 ° apart lie as shown in Fig. 1 at x.

Another advantage of the trapezoidal cross section of the shaped strands 2 results from the fact that on the radially inner side of the shaped strands 2 a comparatively large, stable bearing surface or Contact surface to the core 3 is received, which is a move the strands 2 counteracts in the circumferential direction relative to the core 3. As a result, the free column 4 can be kept better even if these gaps 4 are free, i. in them seen at least substantially over the radial extent no plastic inserts or the like. Are present, the have proven to be disadvantageous for the purposes of a hoisting rope. Compliance with the air gaps 4 is also during operation on the other hand important that the strands 2 in operation do not rub against each other and get damaged.

In Figs. 2 to 5 are four different, concrete embodiments for hoisting ropes 1 with a trapezoidal cross section Formed strands 2 illustrated. Here are all four Exemplary plastic or synthetic fiber inserts 6 im Core 3 provided, these plastic or synthetic fiber inserts 6 each with a softer plastic coating 7 are provided.

Around the core 3, in the embodiments according to FIG. 2 to 5, as mentioned, in each case six shaped strands 2 with one substantially Trapezoidal cross-section attached, this being Formlitzen 2 in the embodiments of FIG. 2 and 4 with a own plastic or synthetic fiber insert 8 are provided to around which the wires 9 of the shaped strands 2 are attached.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 5, however, are in the form of strands 2 each metal inserts 10 are provided to the the stranded wires 9 are arranged around. The metal inserts 10 the strands 2 according to FIGS. 3 and 5 can be made of steel wires according to ÖNORM N 9502 or 9503 exist, but they can also be made of wires be carried out of other metals or metal alloys.

The stranded wires 9 themselves can be made in a comparable manner Steel wires or from wires of other metals or metal alloys be formed.

The trapezoidal shaped strands 2 are separated with a Drawing or rolling tool or a combination of drawing and Rolling tool produced, with an example of such a Making and compacting shaped strands, albeit in context with a triangular strand, for example in the No. 5,765,357 A is shown in a very specific form. A more detailed description of the production of the shaped strands 2 can therefore be unnecessary here.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3 are the Molded strands 2 are pressed into the plastic of the encapsulation 7, wherein between the trapezoidal shaped strands 2 material areas 11 are pushed out by the deformation. These material areas 11 form spacers for the shaped strands 2, wherein these spacers or material regions 11 radially inward Piece protrude into the air gaps 4 between the form of strands 2. The shaped strands 2 are characterized inside more or less form-fitting fixed relative to the core 3, so that a mutual Rubbing or scouring the shaped strands 2 despite the presence the air gaps 4 is reliably prevented.

In the embodiments of the hoisting rope 1 according to FIG. 4 and 5, however, are separate spacers in the form of so-called. Trensen or support strands 12 present, the radially in between lie the shaped strands 2 and are stranded together with them. These bridles or support strands 12 are for example also made of compact plastic or processed Synthetic fibers, similar to the "soft" core inserts 6 and 8 of the Kerns 3 or Formlitzen 2. As a material for these support strands or bridles 12 and for the said "soft" core inserts 6 or 8 may be a compact plastic, such as polypropylene or polyamide, but it can also be used processed synthetic fibers, such as polypropylene, polyamide or Polyester fibers; be used. Of course you can also other fiber materials, such as e.g. Kevlar material, used depending on the desired characteristics of the product to be produced Rope 1.

The material of the core encapsulation 7 of the hoist core 3 For example, it may be a so-called lo-stretch material, for example a polypropylene, or a polyamide, polyethylene u. like.

In the production of the trapezoidal shaped strands 2 is a Degree of compaction of a maximum of 10% is sufficient, and thus can also the usual demands of authorities are met.

As mentioned, the hoisting rope 1 described has a comparatively large metallic cross section and therefore high Strength or high breaking forces; nonetheless despite the relatively low number of wires (six, seven or eight - Strands) by the trapezoidal shape of the strands 2 a surface with Good roundness achievable, whereby the suitability as a hoisting rope Cable cars or city cable cars is secured. The episode of well-approximated roundness of the surface is essential Reduction of the strand-induced vibrations during operation, wherein Moreover, the rolling noise is significantly reduced. The shaped strands 2 are only through the air gaps 4 - at least over their significant radial extent - separated from each other, so that no deposits between the strands 2 can fall out, which pose a high accident risk in the company; nichstdestoweniger can the strands 2, with appropriate dimensioning of the air gap widths, do not scrub against each other, and all the more if through the spacers in the form of plastic material areas 11 or bridles or support strands 12 in their position relative secured to each other.

Claims (11)

1. A sheathless rope comprising wire strands (2) which are formed as sectional strands (2), and are arranged mutually spaced around a core (3) of synthetic material or synthetic fibres, characterised in that for designing the rope as a conveyor cable (1) for cable ways or urban ropeways, the sectional strands (2) have a substantially trapezoidal cross-section and an air gap (4) is provided between the sectional strands (2).
2. A rope according to claim 1, characterised in that six to eight sectional strands (2), preferably six sectional strands (2), having trapezoidal cross-sections are provided.
3. A rope according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the core (3), having a substantially round cross-section and provided internally of the sectional strands (2), comprises radially projecting material regions (11) formed by a deformation during stranding, which projecting material regions form spacers extending into the air gaps (4) between the sectional strands (2).
4. A rope according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that spacers in the form of worms or supporting strands (12) are radially inwardly inserted in the air gaps (4) between the sectional strands (2).
5. A rope according to claim 4, characterised in that the supporting strands (12) are made of compact synthetic material.
6. A rope according to claim 4, characterised in that the supporting strands (12) are made of processed synthetic fibres.
7. A rope according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the trapezoidal sectional strands (2) are compressed.
8. A rope according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the trapezoidal sectional strands (2) have core inserts (8) of a compact synthetic material.
9. A rope according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the trapezoidal sectional strands (2) have core inserts (8) of processed synthetic fibres.
10. A rope according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the trapezoidal sectional strands (2) have metallic core inserts (8).
11. A rope according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the core (3) is surrounded by an injection-moulded synthetic material (7) that is softer than its core insert (6).

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