Technical Field
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The present invention relates to a structure for attaching
panels to the wall surface of the building body of a
construction, and more particularly to a structure for
attaching, for instance, a plurality of panels with holding
frame which form an inner wall or an outer wall to the wall
surface of the building body of a construction.
Background Art
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In recent years, the outer wall of a construction such as
a building has been frequently constituted of the attachment
of panels with holding frame, which have been previously
manufactured in factories or the like, from the viewpoint of
their mass, weather resistance, workability, etc. This can be
done because extremely excellent panels with holding frame
disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
No. Hei 9-291649 has been proposed. The above-mentioned
panels with holding frame have been further improved
afterward. As a result, a high evaluation has been given to
the improved panels with holding frame as outer wall materials
of a construction from various aspects especially in view of
the weather resistance, the workability and appearance or the
like.
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Now, the structure of the above panel with holding frame
will be briefly described hereinafter. The panel with holding
frame designated by reference numeral 1 in Fig. 16 comprises a
panel main body 4 formed into a square and flat plate shape by
laminating metal sheets 3 on both the surfaces of a base 2
made of a non-metallic material, and a holding frame 5
attached to the peripheral edge of the panel main body 4 to
protect the peripheral edge of the panel main body 4 and cover
an end surface thereof.
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The above-mentioned holding frame 5 comprises a support
portion 5a connected and fixed to the back surface of the
panel main body 4, a rim portion 5b for surrounding and
catching the peripheral edge of the panel main body 4, an
attaching leg portion 5c to the construction which stands up
substantially perpendicularly from the above described support
portion 5a, and an attaching flange 5d formed by bending the
end part of the attaching leg portion 5c outward of the panel
main body 4. Then, the holding frame 5 is attached to the
panel main body under a state in which the peripheral edge of
the panel main body 4 is sandwiched between the support
portion 5a and the frame edge of the rim portion 5b.
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The panel with holding frames 1 having such a structure are
ordinarily attached to the wall surface of the building body
of the construction in a below mentioned manner. Specifically,
as shown in Fig. 16, on the wall surface of the building body
of the construction are previously arranged angle materials 6
in the shape of a grating in order to attach the panels with
holding frames 1 to the wall surface of the building body of
the construction. Thus, one of the panels with holding frames
1 is arranged in one block of the grating.
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At that time, both the flanges 5d of the opposing holding
frames 5 of the two panels with holding frame 1 which are
adjacently arranged come into tight contact with the surface
6a of one angle material 6 and are fixed to the surface by
means of screws 7 or the like. The space part between the
adjacent panels with holding frame 1 serves as a joint
portion. In this joint portion, a back-up material 8 and a
water-proof sealing material 9 laid thereon are provided as
measures for stopping water and improving an appearance. As
shown in Fig.16, a gasket 10 for a joint portion may be
sometimes provided on the water-proof sealing material 9.
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However, according to the conventional method for attaching
the panels with holding frame to the wall surface of the
building body of the construction, since the angle materials 6
have been previously arranged in the shape of a grating on the
wall surface of the building body of the construction, and the
flanges 5d of the attaching leg portions 5c standing up
substantially perpendicularly from the support portions 5a in
the holding frames 5 have been attached to the angle materials
6 by means of the screws 7, there have been encountered
problems that preparation works are needed for attaching the
panels with holding frame 1 to the wall surface of the
building body of the construction, that is to say, many works
for disposing many angle materials 6 on the wall surface of
the building body are required, etc. and hence excessive time
and labor are required.
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Therefore, various kinds of panel attaching structures have
been considered to overcome the above-described problems and
to make easy the preparation works for attaching the panels
with holding frame to the wall surface of the building body of
the construction. However, it has been very difficult to
replace many panels with holding frame attached to the wall
surface of the building body of the construction by new panels
for partly reforming them. Accordingly, it has been difficult
to satisfy the both requirements.
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Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to
solve the problems of the prior art and to provide a structure
for attaching panels to the wall surface of a building body of
a construction in which a preparation work for attaching a
plurality of panels which constitute, for instance, an inner
wall or an outer wall to the wall surface of the building body
of the construction can be carried out easily and any panel in
any place after the completion of installment of the panel can
be partly removed and replaced by a new panel with ease.
Disclosure of Invention
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The present invention concerns a structure for attaching
panels to the wall surface of the building body of a
construction and has a following constitution in order to
solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Specifically,
according to the present invention, a structure for attaching
panels that are attached to the building body of a
construction to form a wall surface to the wall surface of the
building body of the construction comprises: two reinforcing
members provided at least the upper part and the lower part of
a back surface opposed to the wall surface of the building
body when the panels are attached to the wall surface of the
building body of the construction; a plurality of attaching
brackets transversely attached at intervals to the wall
surfaces of the building body corresponding to joint portions
between the panels when a plurality of the panels are
vertically arranged and disposed on the wall surface of the
building body of the construction; a receiving plate supported
by the attaching brackets and regulating in movement the lower
end of the upper panel of two vertically adjacent panels; and
an adjusting plate, supported by the attaching brackets, for
supporting the upper end of the lower panel, and is
characterized in that the lower end of the upper panel is
restricted in movement by inserting the lower ends of pins
suspended from the lower reinforcing member into holes formed
in the receiving plate, and the upper end of the lower panel
is fixed to the adjusting plate by detachably fastening the
upper reinforcing member to the adjusting plate.
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A structure for attaching panels to the wall surface of the
building body of a construction according to the present
invention comprises the above-mentioned essential components.
However, the structure may be specifically composed of such
essential components as mentioned below. More specifically,
the above described structure for attaching panels to the wall
surface of the building body of the construction is
characterized in that the adjusting plate supported by the
attaching brackets is attached so as to be movable along the
wall surface of the building body of the construction.
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Further, according to the present invention, a structure
for attaching panels to the wall surface of the building body
of a construction is characterized in that the receiving plate
is supported by the attaching brackets is attached so as to be
movable relative to the attaching brackets. Still further,
according to the present invention, a structure for attaching
panels to the wall surface of the building body of a
construction is characterized in that support portions of the
attaching brackets for supporting the adjusting plate are
located in the joint portion between the panels, and fastening
means for detachably fastening the upper reinforcing member to
the adjusting plate can be fastened and unfastened through the
joint portion from an outside of the panels.
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Still further, according to the present invention, a
structure for attaching panels to the wall surface of the
building body of a construction is characterized in that the
above described panel is a panel with holding frame comprising
a panel main body made of a laminated composite material, a
support portion connected and fixed to the back surface of the
panel main body, and a rim portion for surrounding and
catching the peripheral edge of the panel main body, and
further comprising a plurality of holding frames,
respectively, attached to peripheral edges of the panel main
body to support the panel main body.
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In this case, as the "panel main body" of the panel with
holding frame may be employed a composite plate formed by
laminating metallic sheets on both the surfaces of a base made
of a non-metallic material, or a composite plate formed by
laminating metallic sheets on both the surfaces of a honeycomb
structure formed or a metallic material, a fiber material,
etc. Further, it is desirable to form a holding frame and
reinforcing members for protecting the peripheral edge part of
the panel main body with an extruded metallic material,
preferably with an aluminum material.
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In accordance with the structure for attaching panels to
the wall surface of the building body of a construction of the
present invention, a plurality of attaching brackets in pieces
are fixed to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction by means of anchor bolts or the like and the
reinforcing members provided in the upper part and the lower
part of the back surfaces of the panels are connected to the
attaching brackets so as to be detachable, which is different
from the structure of the prior art in which attaching steel
members such as the angle materials are installed on the wall
surface of the building body of the construction and the leg
portions standing up perpendicularly from the support portions
of the holding frames are fixed to the angle materials.
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At that time, when a plurality of panels are arranged
vertically on the wall surface of the building body of the
construction, the respective attaching brackets are attached
transversely at prescribed intervals to the wall surface of
the building body corresponding to joint portions between the
panels. Further, each attaching bracket connects the lower
end of the upper panel and the upper end of the lower panel of
the two vertically adjacent panels to each other with the
attaching brackets and supports them.
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A method for connecting and supporting the upper and lower
ends of the two vertically adjacent panels to one attaching
bracket will be specifically described below. The attaching
bracket is provided with horizontal flanges respectively in
its upper and lower parts, and the receiving plate and the
adjusting plate are, respectively, attached to the surfaces of
the horizontal flanges so as to be movable. Then, the lower
end of the upper panel is restricted in movement by inserting
the lower ends of pins suspended from the lower reinforcing
member into the holes formed in the receiving plate. The
upper end of the lower adjusting panel is fixed to the
adjusting plate by detachably fastening the upper reinforcing
member to the adjusting plate by means of bolts.
Brief Description of the Drawings
-
- Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a structure
for attaching panels with holding frame to the wall surface of
the building body of a construction according to one
embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing panels with holding
frame attached by a structure for attaching panels with
holding frame to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction shown in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a rear view showing the back surface of the panel
with holding frame attached by the structure for attaching
panels with holding frame to the wall surface of the building
body of the construction illustrated in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 4 as well as Figs. 4 to 6 is an explanatory view of
attaching processes showing a procedure for attaching the
panels with holding frame to the wall surface of the building
body of the construction by using the structure for attaching
panels to the wall surface, that is to say, the attaching
structure.
- Fig. 5 is an explanatory view of attaching processes
showing a procedure for attaching the panels with holding
frame to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction by using the attaching structure.
- Fig. 6 is an explanatory view of attaching processes
showing a procedure for attaching the panels with holding
frame to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction by using the attaching structure.
- Fig. 7 is a process explanatory view illustrating an
attaching process for removing and replacing the panel with
holding frame attached by the attaching structure of the
present invention to a suitable position on the wall surface
of the building body of the construction by a new panel with
holding frame.
- Fig. 8 is a process explanatory view illustrating an
attaching process for removing and replacing the panel with
holding frame attached by the attaching structure of the
present invention to a suitable position on the wall surface
of the building body of the construction by a new panel with
holding frame.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing a structure
for attaching panels with holding frame to the wall surface of
the building body of a construction according to another
embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a structure
for attaching panels with holding frame to the wall surface of
the building body of a construction according to still another
embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 11 is a sectional view showing the structure for
attaching panels with holding frame to the wall surface of the
building body of the construction shown in Fig. 10.
- Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view showing a structure
for attaching panels with holding frame to the wall surface of
the building body of a construction according to still another
embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 13 is a partly sectional view taken along the line
13-13 in Fig. 12 which clearly shows a state that a cap is
threadedly attached to an attaching bolt employed in the
structure for attaching panels with holding frame to the wall
surface of the building body of the construction.
- Fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view showing a structure
for attaching panels with holding frame to the wall surface of
the building body of a construction according to still another
embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 15 is a perspective view showing an adjusting plate
with bent parts employed in the structure for attaching panels
with holding frame shown in Fig. 14.
- Fig. 16 is a partly enlarged sectional view showing a
conventional structure for attaching panels with holding frame
to a wall surface.
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Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
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Now, a structure for attaching panels to the wall surface
of the building body of a construction according to the
present invention will be described in more detail by way of
embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Fig. 1 is a
sectional view showing a structure 20 for attaching panels
with holding frame (hereinafter, referred to as "panel") to
the wall surface of the building body of a construction
(hereinafter, simply referred to as "an attaching structure")
according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2
is a sectional view showing panels attached to the wall
surface of the building body of the construction by the
attaching structure of this embodiment.
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Further, Fig. 3 is a rear view showing the back surfaces of
the panels attached by the attaching structure of panels to
the wall surface of the building body of the construction
according to the present embodiment. Figs. 4 to 6 are process
explanatory views showing the procedure for attaching the
panels to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction by using the attaching structure. Figs. 7 and 8
are process explanatory views showing attaching processes for
removing and replacing the panels attached at a suitable
position to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction by the attaching structure of the present
invention by new panels.
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This attaching structure 20 includes many panels with
holding frame 40. The panel 40 comprises, as shown in Fig. 2,
a panel main body 43 formed into a square flat plate shape by
laminating metallic sheets 42 on both the surfaces of a base
41 made of a non-metallic material, and a holding frame 44
attached to the peripheral edge of the panel main body 43 to
protect the peripheral edge of the panel main body 43 and
cover an end surface thereof.
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The holding frame 44 is formed of an aluminum material and
comprises a support portion 44a connected and fixed to the
back surface of the panel main body 43 and a rim portion 44b
for surrounding and catching the peripheral edge of the panel
main body 43 which is formed integrally with the support
portion 44a. The holding frame 44 is further provided with a
joint groove forming wall portion 44c protruding beyond the
support portion 44a in the direction substantially opposite to
the rim portion 44b. The joint groove forming wall portion
44c defines and forms a joint groove portion in cooperation
with an opposed joint forming wall part in the holding frame
44 of a panel 40 disposed adjacently to the above panel.
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The holding frame 44 is fixed to the panel main body 43 by
means of an adhesive agent and blind rivets (not shown) while
the peripheral edge of the panel main body 43 is sandwiched
between the support portion 44a and the peripheral edge of the
rim portion 44b. As described above, the holding frame 44 is
not provided with a relatively long leg portion standing up
substantially perpendicularly from the support portion 44a as
in the case of prior art. Therefore, since the holding frame
made of an expensive material can be manufactured in a
relatively small size, the cost can be lowered.
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Further, as illustrated in Fig. 3, upper, lower, right and
left reinforcing members 45 are fixed by means of blind rivets
(not shown) to the back surface of the panel 40 along the edge
parts of the periphery thereof. Other three reinforcing
members 45 are fixed in parallel to the back surface of the
panel 40 between the right and left reinforcing members 45 in
a similar manner to the above.
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As apparent from Fig. 3, these reinforcing members 45
entirely constitute a ladder shape viewed in plan. The
reinforcing members 45 are fixed together in their connecting
parts by using screws 46 or the like. The reinforcing members
45 formed into such a ladder shape are provided in order to
enhance the surface strength of the panel 40. In particular,
the reinforcing members 45 located in the upper part and the
lower part when the panel 40 is installed on the wall surface
of the building body of the construction serve as important
elements employed also when the panel is attached to the wall
surface of the building body of the construction.
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These reinforcing members 45 are made of an aluminum
material. As clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2, each reinforcing
member 45 is formed into a U-shape in section and comprises
side walls 45b and 45c erected substantially perpendicularly
from both the side ends of a fixing wall 45a tightly fixed to
the back surface of the panel 40. Two reinforcing ribs 47 are
formed in the longitudinal direction at prescribed intervals
on the inner surfaces of the side walls 45b and 45c. The free
ends of the side walls 45b and 45c (side edge parts opposite
to the fixing wall) in the reinforcing member 45 are provided
with flanges 45d which slightly protrude inward substantially
perpendicularly therefrom.
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In the above described reinforcing member 45, small groove
parts 48 to which screws are threaded or threadedly attached
are formed in the longitudinal direction inside the
intersecting parts of the respective side walls 45b and 45c
and the fixing wall 45a and inside the intersecting parts of
the respective side walls 45b and 45c and the respective
flanges 45d. Accordingly, when the reinforcing members 45 are
assembled into a ladder shape and fixed together as shown in
Fig. 3, the ends of the machine screws 46 are inserted,
screwed and fixed into the groove parts 48.
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On the other hand, when many panels 40 are vertically and
horizontally aligned and attached to the wall surface of the
building body of the construction, as illustrated in Fig. 1, a
plurality of attaching brackets 21 are attached by means of
anchor bolts 22 transversely at prescribed intervals to
positions substantially corresponding to the joint portions
between the upper and lower panel 40.
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The attaching bracket 21 is formed of a piece of U-shaped
steel having flanges 21b and 21c respectively protruding
horizontally from the upper edge and the lower edge of a
square base 21a in close contact with the wall surface of the
building body of the construction. On the base 21a of the
attaching bracket 21 are formed longitudinally long slots 23
in the central portions thereof. The attaching bracket 21
abuts on the wall surface of the building body so as to insert
the anchor bolts 22 relatively into the slots 23, washers or
the like are fitted to the anchor bolts 22 as required and
then nuts 24 are threadedly attached to the anchor bolts to
fix the anchor bolts to the slots.
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The slots 23 are formed on the base 21a of the attaching
bracket 21 because of reasons mentioned below. Specifically,
in order to attain the attachment and detachment of the panels
40, the center of each of the attaching brackets 21 needs to
correspond to the center of the joint portion (joint portion
in the transverse direction) between the vertically aligned
upper and lower panels 40 as much as possible. Therefore, it
is necessary to precisely drive the anchor bolts 22 at the
prescribed positions described above.
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However, when the anchor bolts 22 are driven to the wall
surface of the building body of the construction, reinforcing
bars in the building body may possibly interfere with the
anchor bolts 22 so that the anchor bolts 22 cannot be driven
at the prescribed positions. At such a time, the anchor bolts
are driven at slightly shifting positions upward and downward.
Even in this case, since the vertical position of each
attaching bracket 21 can be adjusted within a range of the
length of the slots 23, the attaching bracket 21 can be
attached to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction so that the center of the attaching bracket 21
may substantially correspond to the center of the transverse
joint portion.
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The upper flange 21b of the attaching bracket 21 has two
transversely long slots 25 formed there. A flat plate shaped
receiving plate 26 having substantially the same dimension of
width as that of the upper flange 21b is provided on the upper
surface thereof. The length of the receiving plate 26 is
larger than that of the upper flange 21b. Therefore, when one
end part of the receiving plate is aligned with one end part
of the upper flange 21b, the other end part of the receiving
plate protrudes from the other end part of the upper flange
21b.
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On the receiving plate 26 are formed slots 26a at positions
corresponding to those of the slots 25 of the upper flange 21b
in the direction intersecting the slots 25, which are
widthwise long as seen in Fig.1, when the receiving plate 26
is provided on the upper flange 21b while the respective end
portions are aligned with each other. Further, on the part of
the receiving plate 26 which protrudes from the upper flange
21b, a lengthwise or transversely long slot 26b is formed.
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Then, after the receiving plate 26 is disposed on the upper
flange 21b, bolts 27 are inserted into both the slots 25 and
26a intersecting each other, nuts are threadedly attached
thereto from the underside and they are fastened and fixed
thereto. Further, the lower flange 21c of the attaching
bracket 21 also has two transversely long slots 28 formed
therein. On the surface of the lower flange 21c, an adjusting
plate 29 having substantially the same dimension of width as
that of the lower flange 21c is mounted and attached.
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The length of the adjusting plate 29 is larger than that of
the lower flange 21c. Therefore, the adjusting plate 29 is
attached to the lower flange 21c in such a manner that both
the end portions of the adjusting plate are projected from the
lower flange 21c. In the adjusting plate 29 are formed slots
30 at positions corresponding to those of the slots 28 in the
lower flange 21c in the direction intersecting the slots 28,
which are widthwise long as seen in Fig. 1, when the adjusting
plate 29 is attached to the lower surface of the lower flange
21c while both the ends of the adjusting plate are projected
from the lower flange. A bolt thread hole 31 is formed in one
of the end portions of the adjusting plate projected from the
lower flange 21c, and a bolt through hole 32 is formed in the
other end portion thereof.
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The bolt thread hole 31 provided in one protruding part
which protrudes from one end part of the lower flange 21c when
the adjusting plate 29 is attached to the lower flange 21c is
formed by welding a nut thereto so as to align it with a hole
opened in the adjusting plate 29. Then, after the adjusting
plate 29 is provided on the upper surface of the lower flange
21c, bolts 33a are inserted into both the slots 28 and 30
intersecting each other from the underside, nuts 33b are
screwed thereto from the upside and they are fastened and
fixed thereto.
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In such a way, the receiving plate 26 and the adjusting
plate 29 attached to the surfaces of the upper flange 21b and
the lower flange 21c of each attaching bracket 21 can move in
all directions within horizontal planes on the surfaces of the
respective flanges due to the existence of slots 25 and 28
formed in the respective flanges and the slots 26a and 30
formed in the receiving plate 26 and the adjusting plate 29.
Consequently, a fine positional adjustment can be carried out
upon accurate positioning.
-
Now, an explanation will be given to a procedure for
attaching the above described panels 40 to a wall surface of
the building body of a construction by the attaching structure
20 according to the present embodiment. When many panels 40
are aligned with and attached to the wall surface of the
building body of the construction, the attaching positions
thereof are previously specifically designed. On the basis of
the design drawing, the anchor bolts 22 are driven at
positions corresponding to the central parts of the space
parts, that is to say, transverse joint portions between the
vertically adjacent panels 40 at prescribed transverse
intervals.
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Then, the U-shaped attaching brackets 21 are fixed to the
wall surface of the building body of the construction by using
the respective anchor bolts 22. At the same time, the
receiving plate 26 and the adjusting plate 29 are,
respectively, fixed to the upper and lower flanges 21b and 21c
of each bracket 21 in such a manner as mentioned above. On
the other hand, on the reinforcing members 45 of the panel 40
attached to the back surface of the panel main body 43 in the
shape of a ladder, as shown in Fig. 2, particularly, on the
reinforcing members 45 located in the upper part and the lower
part when the panels 40 are installed on the wall surface of
the building body of the construction, bolts 34 and 35, the
number of which each corresponds to each attaching bracket 21,
are attached.
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The attaching bolt 34 is attached to the upper reinforcing
member 45 so as to pass through the side walls 45b and 45c
erected substantially perpendicularly from both the side ends
of the fixing wall 45a of the reinforcing member 45. At that
time, a bolt through hole opened in the lower side wall 45c is
located in the groove part between the two parallel
reinforcing ribs 47 formed on the inner surface thereof.
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In addition, on the inner surface of the lower side wall
45c, a rotation stopper tightly fitted between the reinforcing
ribs 47 is arranged at a position in which the bolt through
hole formed in the groove part is aligned with the rotation
stopper of the lower side wall 45c. Then, the attaching bolt
34 is threadedly attached to the bolt through hole and the
tapped hole of the rotation stopper from the underside of the
side wall 45c, threadedly attached to a nut in the reinforcing
member 45, and then passes upward through a bolt through hole
formed in the upper side wall 45b. The attaching bolt 34 is
firmly fixed to the lower side wall 45c by fastening the nut
threadedly attached to the attaching bolt 34.
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On the other hand, the attaching bolt 35 to be attached to
the lower reinforcing member 45 is fixed to the lower
reinforcing member in a completely equal manner to the above
described attaching bolt 34 except for in the direction
opposite to that of the attaching bolt 34. Specifically, the
attaching bolt 35 passes through a bolt through hole opened in
the upper side wall 45b and the tapped hole of the rotation
stopper tightly fitted between the two parallel reinforcing
ribs 47 formed on the inner surface thereof, is threadedly
attached to a nut in the reinforcing member 45, and then
passes downward through a bolt through hole formed in the
lower side wall 45c. The attaching bolt 35 is firmly fixed to
the upper side wall 45b by fastening the nut threadedly
attached to the attaching bolt 35.
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The panels 40 which have the attaching bolts 34 and 35
fixed at the positions corresponding to the attaching brackets
21 to the upper and lower reinforcing members 45 as mentioned
above are lifted by suitable means, made slant as shown in
Fig. 4 and the end of the attaching bolt 35 is inserted into
the slot 26b of the receiving plate 26 as illustrated in Figs.
1 and 5.
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Then, while the lower end part of the panel 40 is lowered
downward until it abuts against the upper end of the lower
panel 40 adjacent thereto, the panel 40 is erected
substantially perpendicularly. Thus, the upper end of the
attaching bolt 34 fixed to the upper reinforcing member 45
comes just below a bolt through hole 32 in the adjusting plate
29 fixed to the lower flange 21c of another attaching bracket
21 located above the panel 40.
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After that, the panel 40 is entirely raised straight
upward, the upper end of the attaching bolt 34 attached to the
upper reinforcing member 45 is inserted into the bolt through
hole 32 of the adjusting plate 29 fixed to the lower flange
21c of the attaching bracket 21 and two nuts 36 are threadedly
attached thereto. When the nuts 36 are rotated in the
direction to fasten them, the panel 40 is raised upward
through the attaching bolt 34. Thus, a precise space, namely,
a transverse joint portion is formed between the panel 40 and
the lower panel with holding frame 40 adjacent thereto.
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In such a way, when many panels 40 are attached to the wall
surface of the building body of the construction, the
alignment accuracy of many panels 40 has priority to other
things. Therefore, the attaching bolts 34 and 35 attached to
the upper and lower reinforcing members 45 of the individual
panels 40 may not possibly correspond to the slot 26b or the
bolt through hole 32 relevant to the receiving plate 26 and
the adjusting plate 29 respectively fixed to the upper flange
21b and the lower flange 21c of each attaching bracket 21.
-
In this instance, since the receiving plate 26 and the
adjusting plate 29 can move in all directions on the surfaces
of the respective flanges, as mentioned above, these positions
are finely adjusted depending on the positions of the
respective panels 40. When each panel 40 is arranged at its
prescribed positions in this manner, there is no restriction
in the movement of the upward direction in the panel 40 under
this state, so that a tap bolt 37 is screwed to the bolt
thread hole 31 provided on the adjusting plate 29 and its
lower end abuts against the upper side wall 45b of the upper
reinforcing member 45.
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As a consequence, as illustrated in Fig. 6, the panels 40
are fixed to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction under a state in which the upper sides thereof
are suspended by a plurality of attaching brackets 21. When
the prescribed number of panels 40 are transversely attached
to the wall surface in accordance with the attaching processes
described above, then, the panels 40 are sequentially attached
to the upper parts thereof in such processes as described
above.
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In this connection, in the lower side of each panel 40, as
apparent from the above described constitution, the lower end
of the attaching bolt 35 fixed to the lower reinforcing member
45 is only inserted into the slot 26b of the receiving plate
26 fixed to the upper flange 21b of the attaching bracket 21.
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However, since the slot 26b is transversely long, the
lengthwise moving action of the attaching bolt 35 is regulated
and the attaching bolt 35 can slightly transversely move. The
transverse movement of the attaching bolt 35 can be achieved,
because excessive stress is prevented from being concentrated
to the attaching structure of the panels 40 to break the
attaching structure when the construction is shaken due to an
earthquake or the like.
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If only one of many panels 40 which are regularly arranged
on the wall surface of the building body of the construction
as described above is broken due to any cause, a procedure for
replacing it by new panel with holding frame will be briefly
described below. Initially, two upper and lower attaching
brackets 21 for fixing the panel 40 to be replaced by a new
frame are removed from the wall surface of the building body
of the construction.
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The attaching brackets 21 are removed, as illustrated in
Fig. 7, by inserting a box spanner S from the joint portion
between the panels 40 and detaching the nuts 24 threadedly
attached to the anchor bolts 22 therefrom. Then, when the
panel 40 to be replaced by a new panel and the panel 40
located below it are removed slightly from the wall surface of
the building body of the construction, the two upper and lower
brackets 21 are detached from washers 38.
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The two upper and lower attaching brackets 21 unfastened
from the anchor bolts 22 in such a way as mentioned above can
be lowered by margins for the slots 23 into which the anchor
bolts 22 are inserted, so that the two panels 40 are
respectively lowered by the space of the joint portion at the
lower end. Consequently, between the panel 40 to be replaced
by a new panel and the panel with holding frame 40 above the
former, is formed a relatively large space (space
corresponding to the space of two joint portions).
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Then, as shown in Fig. 8, the two upper and lower panels 40
are separated from the wall surface of the building body of
the construction in such a manner that a part in which the
attaching bolt 35 is inserted into the slot 26b of the
receiving plate 26 in the lower end of the lower panel 40 is
used substantially as a supporting point, particularly, the
upper part of the panels is greatly brought down forward and
tilted, and both the attaching brackets 21 are detached from
the anchor bolts 22.
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Thus, when the panel 40 to be replaced by a new panel is
raised slantingly upward, the attaching bolt 35 at the lower
end is removed from the slot 26b of the receiving plate 26
attached to the lower attaching bracket 21 so as to be pulled
out therefrom. At this time, the panel 40 to be replaced by a
new panel may be removed from the building body with the
attaching bracket 21 connected to the upper part thereof, or
the attaching bracket may be detached from the panel 40 at
this stage.
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The new panel 40 which is replaced with the removed panel
40 is attached to the wall surface of the building body in
accordance with processes reverse to the above described
removing processes for a panel replacement. As described
above, only arbitrary panels 40 which are regularly aligned
and arranged on the wall surface of the building body of the
construction can be readily replaced by new panels 40.
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In this connection, when the panels 40 are attached to the
wall surface of the building body of the construction, the
space portion between the panels 40 serves as the joint groove
(portion) by the joint groove forming wall portions 44c of the
holding frames 44 attached to the peripheral edges of the
adjacent panel main bodies 43. Into the joint groove, a
weather resistant sealing material is pressed in order to stop
water and improve appearance, or the back-up material is
disposed and the water-proof sealing material is provided
thereon as in the prior art. Sometimes, a gasket for a joint
is further arranged on the water-proof sealing material.
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In the attaching structure 20 according to the present
embodiment, the lower end of the panel 40 has the attaching
bolt 35 that is attached to the lower reinforcing member 45 so
as to be inserted into the slot 26b of the receiving plate 26
attached to the upper flange 21b of the attaching bracket 21.
The above described structure may be formed in another
structure shown in Fig. 9.
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More specifically, a cut-out part 121 cut out from the side
of a receiving plate 120 fixed to the upper flange 21b of the
attaching bracket 21 may be provided in place of the slot 26b.
Further, instead of the attaching bolt 35 attached to the
lower reinforcing member 45, a special engaging pin 122 may be
used. As apparent from Fig. 9, the engaging pin 122 has a
lower end serving as a large diameter shaft portion 122a with
a diameter substantially the same as the width of the cut-out
part 121. A part above the large diameter shaft part is a
small diameter shaft portion 122b thinner than the above shaft
part.
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With the provision of the cut-out part 121 cut out from the
side on the receiving plate 120, when the lower end of the
panel 40 is positioned in place, the engaging pin 122 can be
fitted to the cut-out part with ease in accordance with a
slightly sideward transverse movement without inserting the
attaching bolt 35 or the engaging pin 122 into the slot from
its upper part.
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Further, in case the panel 40 is located at a normally
attached position, when the engaging pin 122 having a thick
end is employed, the widthwise moving action of the lower end
of the panel 40 is regulated, because the large diameter shaft
portion 122a is located in the slot 26b or the cut-out part
121. However, when the panel 40 is wholly lowered downward in
order to remove it from the wall surface, the small diameter
shaft portion 122b is located in the slot 26b or the cut-out
part 121, hence the inclination of the panel 40 can be
increased when it is inclined as shown in Fig. 8.
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Further, Fig. 10 shows an attaching structure 200
(hereinafter, simply referred to as a panel attaching
structure) for attaching panels to the wall surface of the
building body of the construction according to still another
embodiment of the present invention. In the panel attaching
structure 200 according to this embodiment, attaching brackets
21 are fixed by means of anchor bolts 22 to the wall surface
of the building body of the construction substantially
corresponding to the joint portions between the panels 40
similarly to the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1.
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However, this embodiment is different from the embodiment
shown in Fig. 1 in that as shown in Fig. 11, although a
position on the wall surface of the building body to which the
attaching bracket 21 is attached substantially corresponds to
the location of the joint portion between the panels 40, the
lower horizontal flange 21c is attached substantially at the
central part of the joint portion or at a position slightly
lower than the central position.
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Besides, on the upper surface of the upper horizontal
flange 21b of the attaching bracket 21, a receiving plate 201
is fixed so as to be adjustable in position by means of bolts
202a and nuts 202b through slots 25 and 201a in respectively
different directions. On the side of the receiving plate 201
protruding sideward from the upper horizontal flange 21b of
the attaching bracket 21, is formed a cut-out part 202c.
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The attaching bolt 35 attached to the lower reinforcing
member 45 has its lower end serving as an engaging bolt (pin)
inserted into the cut-out part 202c so that a widthwise
(direction opposed to the wall surface of the building body of
the construction) moving action in the lower end of the panel
40 is restricted.
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On the other hand, on the lower surface of the lower
horizontal flange 21c of the attaching bracket 21, an
adjusting plate 203 is fixed so as to be adjustable in
position by means of bolts 204a and double nuts 204b through
slots 28 and 203a in respectively different directions. On
the side of the adjusting plate 203 sideward protruding from
the lower horizontal flange 21c of the attaching bracket 21,
is formed a cut-out part 203b.
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The upper end of an attaching bolt 205a attached to the
upper reinforcing member 45 is inserted into the cut-out part
203b. Double nuts 205b are threadedly attached to the screw
shaft part of the attaching bolt 205a protruding upward from
the cut-out part 203b, so that the adjusting plate 203 is
fixed to the lower flange. As a result, The upper end of the
panel 40 is firmly fixed to the lower horizontal flange 21c,
that is to say, the attaching bracket 21 through the adjusting
plate 203 fixed to the lower horizontal flange by means of the
attaching bolt 205a and the double nuts 205b.
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According to the panel attaching structure 200 according to
this embodiment with such a structure, since the lower
horizontal flange 21c of the attaching bracket 21 is attached
to the wall surface so as to be located substantially at the
central part of the joint portion, or at the position slightly
lower than the central position, the double nuts 205b for
fastening the upper end of the panel 40 to the attaching
bracket 21 and the double nuts 203a for fixing the adjusting
plate 203 to the lower horizontal flange 21c are located in
the joint portion between the panels 40.
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Therefore, when an arbitrary panel 40 is replaced by a new
panel, a spanner is inserted from the joint portion to
unfasten these double nuts 205b and 203a and the adjusting
plate 203 is slid in the direction shown by an arrow 206 shown
in Fig. 10. Thus, the attaching bolt 205a relatively comes
out of the cut-out part 203b of the adjusting plate 203.
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Then, the panel 40 is raised by the space of the joint
portion or transversely shifted so that the engaging bolt 35
which regulates in movement the lower end of the panel is
pulled out from the cut-out part 202c of the receiving plate
201. Thus, the panel 40 is wholly pulled forward and separated
from the wall surface, so that it can be readily detached from
the wall surface. A new panel 40 may be attached to the wall
surface in accordance with a procedure reverse to the above-mentioned
panel detaching procedure.
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Incidentally, in order to fix the attaching bolt 205a to
the adjusting plate 203, a nut 205c is threadedly attached to
the attaching bolt 205a also on the underside of the adjusting
plate 203. Accordingly, the adjusting plate 203 is fixed to
the lower horizontal flange under a state it is sandwiched
between the nut 205c and the double nuts 205b.
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When the panel 40 is attached to the wall surface, the nut
205c is rotated by means of fingers inserted into the joint
portion until the nut 205c comes into contact with the lower
surface of the adjusting plate 203, after the correct position
of the panel 40 is determined, and then, the spanner is
inserted into the space to fasten the double nuts 205, so that
the panel can be firmly readily and fixed to the attaching
bracket. In the panel attaching structure 200 according to
the present embodiment, other structures are basically equal
to that of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, and
therefore, the explanation of other structures will be
omitted.
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Still further, Fig. 12 shows an attaching structure (simply
referred to as a panel attaching structure, hereinafter) 300
for attaching panels to the wall surface of the building body
of the construction according to still another embodiment of
the present invention. In the panel attaching structure 300
according to this embodiment, a cylindrical cap 301 with a
bottom is threadedly attached to the lower end of the
attaching bolt 35 which the lower end thereof is inserted into
the cut-out part 202c formed in the side of the receiving
plate 201 and served as an engaging bolt (pin).
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The cap 301 is provided with a flange 301a on its upper
end, as illustrated in Fig. 13. The outer peripheral surface
of the cap 301 is tapered so that the outside diameter is
gradually decreased from an upper part (flange 301a side) to a
lower part. The taper formed on the outer peripheral surface
of the cap 301 is designed in such a manner that the outside
diameter of the intermediate part in the longitudinal
direction of the cap is substantially equal to the width of
the cut-out part 202c formed on the receiving plate 201.
Therefore, as shown in Fig. 12, when the cap 301 threadedly
attached to the lower end of the attaching bolt 35 is
inserted into the cut-out part 202c, the cap 301 is closely
engaged with the cut-out part 202c substantially at the
intermediate part of its height.
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The cap 301 is provided with a tapped hole 301b having an
opening at its upper part in an axial direction. The lower
end of the attaching bolt 35 is relatively threadedly engaged
with the tapped hole 301b so that the cap 301 is attached to
the attaching bolt 35. Such a cap 301 is made of a rubber or a
synthetic resin material.
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By using the above-described cap 301, the attaching bolt 35
is closely engaged with the cut-out part 202c of the receiving
plate 201, a widthwise (direction opposed to the wall surface
of the building body of the construction) moving action in the
lower end of the panel 40 can be completely restricted without
generating a backlash.
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The above-described cap 301 has advantages mentioned below.
Even when various kinds of attaching bolts 35 having different
diameters are used, several kinds of caps which can be
respectively threadedly engaged therewith and have the same
dimension of outside diameter may be manufactured. Therefore,
the width of the cut-out part 202c formed on the receiving
plate 201 does not need to be changed. Consequently, the
dimensional standard of the receiving plate 201 can be
unified. In the panel attaching structure 300 according to
the present embodiment, other structures of components are
basically equal to those of the embodiment shown in Fig. 10,
and therefore, the explanation thereof will be omitted with
the same reference numerals affixed to them.
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In addition, the panel attaching structure for attaching
panels to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction according to the above-described embodiment is
preferably applied to a case in which the longitudinal length
of each of the panels is comparatively shorter than its
horizontal length and these panels are attached to the wall
surface. A reason for the above fact is that, if
longitudinally elongated panels cannot be attached at their
side parts to the building body because of the structural
problem of the building body of the construction, the
longitudinally elongated panels must be attached only at their
upper and lower ends. However, in the case of the
longitudinally elongated panels, when the rolling movement of
the building body of the construction due to an earthquake or
the like occurs, working force is exerted on each of the
longitudinally elongated panels so as to rotate it
substantially on its intermediate part in the longitudinal
direction. Therefore, the upper and lower ends of each
longitudinally elongated panel roll rightward and leftward.
As a result, there may possibly occur such a fear as the
damage of the attaching structure for attaching the upper and
lower parts of the longitudinally elongated panels to the wall
surface of the building body.
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With the above-described problems taken into consideration,
when the longitudinally elongated panels are attached to the
wall surface of the building body, an attaching structure 400
as shown in Fig.14 is adopted. Specifically, in the attaching
structure 400, an adjusting plate 401 is fixed to the lower
surface of the lower horizontal flange 21c of the attaching
bracket 21 so as to be adjustable in position by means of
bolts 204a and double nuts 204b through slots 28 and 203a in
respectively different directions.
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This adjusting plate 401 is shown in Fig. 15. As apparent
from Fig. 15, on the protruding ends of the adjusting plate
401 which protrude to both sides from the lower horizontal
flange 21c of the attaching bracket 21, are respectively
formed cut-out parts 402a and 402b.
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The upper end of an attaching bolt 205a attached to the
upper reinforcing member 45 in one of the longitudinally
elongated panels 40 is inserted into one cut-out part 402a.
To the screw shaft part of the attaching bolt 205a protruding
upward from the cut-out part 402a, is threadedly attached
double nuts 205b. Thus, the attaching bolt is fixed to the
adjusting plate 401. As a consequence, the upper end of the
panel 40 is firmly fixed to the lower horizontal flange 21c,
in other words, the attaching bracket 21, through the
adjusting plate 401 fixed to the lower horizontal flange
through the attaching bolt 205a and the double nuts 205b.
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The lower end of the attaching bolt 35 attached to the
lower reinforcing member 45 in the other longitudinally
elongated panel 40 which is attached to the upper part
adjacent to the above-described longitudinally elongated panel
40 is inserted into the other cut-out part 402b of the
adjusting plate 401. Double nuts 403 are threadedly engaged
with the screw shaft part of the attaching bolt 35 which
protrudes downward from the cut-out part 402b. Thus, the
attaching bolt is fixed to the adjusting plate 401. As a
result, the lower end of the longitudinally elongated panel 40
is firmly fixed to the lower horizontal flange 21c, that is to
say, the attaching bracket 21, through the adjusting plate 401
fixed to the lower horizontal flange through the attaching
bolt 35 and the double nuts 403.
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As described above, the attaching bolts 205a and 35 for
respectively fixing the upper and lower ends of the
longitudinally elongated panels 40 which are vertically
adjacent to each other to the attaching bracket 21 are fixed
to the adjusting plate. As apparent from Fig. 14, on both the
ends of the adjusting plate 401 protruding from the attaching
bracket 21, are formed bent parts 404a and 404b which are
longitudinally bent. Even when the building body of the
construction rolls due to an earthquake or the like and the
lower ends of the longitudinally elongated plates 40 violently
roll rightward and leftward, the bent parts 404 expand and
contract to absorb the rolling movement and the damage of the
attaching structure 400 can be prevented due to the existence
of the bent parts 404a and 404b.
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Since the lower end of the longitudinally elongated panel
40 located in the upper part and the upper end of the
longitudinally elongated panel 40 located hereinbelow are
fixed to the same adjusting plate 401, as mentioned above, the
vertical alignment accuracy, which has been hardly achieved in
the case of the longitudinally elongated panels, can be
advantageously readily achieved. Further, a work for detaching
or attaching a part of many longitudinally elongated panels
attached to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction therefrom/thereto can be exceptionally easily
carried out. Needless to say, the above-described attaching
structure 400 may be applied to horizontally elongated panels
as in the case of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 without
generating problems. The above attaching structure 400 is
rather more preferable, as described above, because the work
for detaching and attaching panels can be extremely readily
performed when many panels are partly replaced by new panels
or the like.
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Although, according to the above description, the "panel
with holding frame" comprises the composite plate formed by
laminating the metallic sheets on both the surfaces of the
base made of a non-metallic material and the aluminum holding
frame attached thereto, it should be noted that the attaching
structure of the present invention is not limited to the
panels with holding frame having such a structure, and a
composite plate formed by laminating the metallic sheets on
both the surfaces of the honeycomb structure made of a metal
material, a fiber material, etc. Further, as the holding
frame and the reinforcing member for protecting the peripheral
edge of the panel main body may be formed with any material
other than aluminum material, and may be usually preferably
formed with an extruded metallic material.
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Still further, needless to say, the attaching structure of
the present invention is not limited to the "panels with
holding frame", various kinds of panels other than them may be
employed when they are attached near to the wall surface of
the building body of the construction.
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As stated above, according to the panel attaching structure
for attaching panels to the wall surface of the construction
of the present invention, a preparation work for attaching a
plurality of panels which form, for example, an outer wall or
an inner wall, to the wall surface of the building body can be
carried out easily. Besides, the panels at any positions
after they are installed can be partly removed from the wall
surface and can be replaced by new panels with ease.
Industrial Applicability
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The panel attaching structure for attaching panels to the
wall surface of the building body of the construction
according to the present invention is effectively employed
when a plurality of panels, which form, for instance, an outer
wall, are attached to the building body of the construction.
Further, the present invention is also effectively applied to
a case in which a plurality of panels which form an inner wall
to the wall surface of the building body of the construction.
Furthermore, when the panel attaching structure for attaching
panels to the wall surface of the building body of the
construction is used, any panels at any positions after the
installation of the panels can be partly removed and replaced
new panels with ease.