EP0996994B1 - Electric machine having a commutator - Google Patents

Electric machine having a commutator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0996994B1
EP0996994B1 EP99927703A EP99927703A EP0996994B1 EP 0996994 B1 EP0996994 B1 EP 0996994B1 EP 99927703 A EP99927703 A EP 99927703A EP 99927703 A EP99927703 A EP 99927703A EP 0996994 B1 EP0996994 B1 EP 0996994B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collector
brush
brushes
lubricant
electric machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99927703A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0996994A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Schuler
Christoph Eitel
Gerald KÜNZEL
Andreas Ewert
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0996994A1 publication Critical patent/EP0996994A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • H01R39/22—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient

Definitions

  • a collector for such an electrical machine is made by injecting a thermoplastic material into a substantially tubular blank of copper and sawing the blank at regular circumferentially measured distances whereby the collector receives grooves and louvers electrically isolated from each other. These grooves also extend into the thermoplastic material.
  • Such a collector associated brushes are generally provided on their collector facing the end face with grooves extending in the circumferential direction of the collector, for the purpose that when first switching on the electric machine relatively much abrasion occurs, so that the brushes on said end faces as quickly as possible the outer contour of the collector can be adjusted.
  • a quick run-in process is desired to increase the initial small contact areas of the brushes rapidly, thereby decreasing the electrical current per pad unit.
  • the wear occurring during the running-in process from the brushes and also from the copper of the collector fins is electrically conductive and, therefore, when it enters the grooves between the collector fins and accumulates there, can lead to parasitic current flow from the collector fins to the collector fins.
  • If according to the publication DE 31 31 759 C2 spraying the collector with an oily lubricant promotes the accumulation and sticking of conductive abrasion in the slots. Strong current flow through accumulated abrasion can in principle cause a "burn away" of the accumulated abrasion and thus a kind of thermal cleaning of the grooves. But such strong currents only occur when the electrical machine is under heavy load.
  • the US-A 3,714,482 shows a brush having an electric machine.
  • the document discloses the treatment of the brush with an octadecylamine in conjunction with a hydrohalogen radical.
  • the reaction product of this compound is a salt which remains in crystalline form on the brush.
  • the electrical machine with the characterizing features of claim 1 and also the method with the characterizing features of claim 2 provide the advantage that an oil-free or lubricant-free collector is installed in the electric machine and that a supply of oily lubricant using the at least one Brush as a storage container in the electric machine can be introduced.
  • the goal is to keep the supply of .öligem lubricant so low that it is sufficient for the period of adaptation of the brush faces to the curvature of the collector plates and for smoothing the collector plates in frictional contact with the brushes.
  • the oily lubricant can be sprayed onto the end face of the respective brush, wherein the amount assigned to the brush can be determined, for example, by the spraying time.
  • the alternative according to claim 4 is used when the oily lubricant per se is relatively viscous and the penetration depth of this lubricant into the brush is to be controlled.
  • the claim 5 relates to a brush whose characteristic features provide for lubricant supply in an electric machine with collector.
  • FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through the electric machine with collector and brushes
  • FIG. 2 an end view of the collector and the associated brushes
  • FIG. 3 a detail of the brushes used, for example.
  • the in the FIG. 1 schematically illustrated electric machine 2 has, for example, a first cup-shaped housing part 3 and a second cup-shaped housing part 4, in the cup-shaped housing part 3 accommodated permanent magnets 5, 6, an armature 7 rotatable between the permanent magnets 5 and 6, and a collector 7 associated with the armature 7, a shaft 9 which carries the armature 7 and the collector and thereby rotationally connected to each other, a sliding bearing 10 adjacent to the collector 8 and at a distance from it
  • the sliding bearing 10 consists for example of a plain bearing bush 12 and a shaft bearing 13 mounted in the plain bearing bushing 13, which in the embodiment forms a pin-like end of the generally designated wave 9 here.
  • the plain bearing bush 12 is sintered, for example, according to the prior art, for example made of metal or a mixture of metals and impregnated with an oily lubricant.
  • the plain bearing bush 12 is held by a bearing plate 14, which is integrally formed, for example, on the housing part 4.
  • another bearing plate 15 is integrally formed on the housing part 3 and also receives a sintered plain bearing bush 16.
  • Another shaft portion 17 rotatably extends within the sintered bearing bush 16, whereby the shaft portion 17 and the sintered bearing bush 16 form the sliding bearing 11.
  • the shaft portion 17 carries, for example, an unillustrated impeller or fan.
  • the collector 8 Assigned to the collector 8 are in the example two brushes 19, 20, which are pressed, for example according to the prior art either partially made of coal or predominantly of metal powder or alloys.
  • the mechanical guidance of the brushes 19 and 20 is to be made electrical contact by means of brush holders 21 and 22.
  • brush holders 21 and 22 In addition, it should be noted that occasionally three or more brushes the collector 8 are assigned.
  • a dust cover 25 may be disposed between the collector 8 and the plain bearing bush 12.
  • the collector 8 has rotationally fixed on the shaft 9 an insulating support body 26 and supported by this number of fins 27, which consist of copper or a copper alloy.
  • the collector 8 can be produced from a substantially tubular blank, into which the insulating support body can be injected from thermoplastic material, whereupon by arranging grooves 28 from said tubular blank in the FIG. 2 shown individual slats 27 arise.
  • the FIG. 2 For example, eight fins are shown. Deviating from this, the designer can choose a different number of slats.
  • each of the two Brushes 19, 20 prepared on a graphically marked part length 19a and 20a with an example oily lubricant.
  • This oily lubricant the selection of which can be left to the skilled person for the combination of collector and brushes, for example, long before the installation of the brush 19, 20 in the electric machine 2 can be sprayed undiluted or diluted or applied in any other way.
  • the skilled person for such brushes 19, 20 has a choice between several methods for attaching or introducing a favorable for the purpose of stock of oily lubricant to the end faces 19, 20 or through this through into partial lengths 19a, 20a of the brushes 19, 20.
  • FIG. 3 is another figure for the brush 20 included.
  • the brush 20 opposite the FIG. 2 turned by 90 degrees.
  • grooves 31 can be seen, which are aligned in the circumferential direction of the collector 8.
  • These grooves 31 serve, as already mentioned in the introduction, a rapid adjustment of the curvature of the end faces 29 and 30 of the brushes 19 and 20 to the outer shape of the fins 27 with the aim of rapidly creating a contact surface in the circumferential direction of the Collector 8 of the associated dimension of the brush 19, 20 corresponds.
  • Such grooves 31, when incorporated into the brushes 19, 20 prior to the application or application of oily lubricant, are also useful as storage containers for the oily lubricant.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Durch die Druckschrift DE 31 31 759 C2 ist das Herstellen einer elektrischen Maschine mit einer Kombination aus Kommutator, wenigstens einer an diesen andrückbaren Bürste und einem Vorrat von öligem Schmiermittel bekannt. Anläßlich des Zusammenbauens der elektrischen Maschine wird der Kommutator mit öligem Schmiermittel besprüht. Beim Besprühen ist unvermeidlich, daß öliges Schmiermittel in elektrisch isolierende Nuten zwischen Kollektorlamellen des Kommutators gerät. Das ölige Schmiermittel auf den Kollektorlamellen wirkt im Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine der Ausbildung von Lichtbögen, auch Bürstenfeuer genannt, und einer durch Lichtbögen verursachten Kraterbildung auf dem Kommutator und somit auch einem unruhigen Lauf der elektrischen Maschine entgegen. Damit der Vorrat an Schmiermittel einerseits möglichst groß ist, aber andererseits ausreichender elektrischer Kontakt zwischen den Lamellen des Kommutators und der wenigstens einen Bürste möglich ist, werden vor dem Besprühen kleine Kugeln gegen die Lamellen des Kommutators geschleudert zur Erzeugung von kleinen Vertiefungen, die als Vorratsbehälter für den öligen Vorrat dienen oder diesen vergrößern.Through the publication DE 31 31 759 C2 is the production of an electric machine with a combination of commutator, at least one of these pressable brush and a supply of oily lubricant known. On the occasion of assembling the electric machine, the commutator is sprayed with oily lubricant. When spraying is inevitable that oily lubricant gets into electrically insulating grooves between collector blades of the commutator. The oily lubricant on the commutator bars acts in the operation of the electric machine, the formation of arcs, also called brush fire, and caused by arcs crater formation on the commutator and thus also a restless running of the electric machine. So that the supply of lubricant on the one hand is as large as possible, but on the other hand sufficient electrical contact between the slats of the commutator and the at least one brush is possible, small balls are thrown against the fins of the commutator before spraying to produce small wells that serve as a reservoir for serve or enlarge the oily stock.

Ein Kollektor für eine solche elektrische Maschine wird beispielsweise hergestellt durch Einspritzen eines thermoplastischen Werkstoffes in einen im wesentlichen rohrartigen Rohling aus Kupfer und durch Zersägen des Rohlings in regelmäßigen in Umfangsrichtung zu messenden Abständen, wodurch der Kollektor Nuten und elektrisch voneinander isolierte Lamellen erhält. Dabei erstrecken sich diese Nuten auch hinein in den thermoplastischen Werkstoff. Einem solchen Kollektor zugeordnete Bürsten werden im allgemeinen auf ihrer dem Kollektor zugekehrten Stirnseite mit in Umfangsrichtung des Kollektors verlaufenden Rillen versehen, zu dem Zweck, daß beim ersten Einschalten der elektrischen Maschine relativ viel Abrieb entsteht, so daß die Bürsten an den genannten Stirnseiten möglichst schnell an die Außenkontur des Kollektors angepaßt werden. Ein schneller Einlaufvorgang ist erwünscht, damit die ursprünglich kleinen Kontaktflächen der Bürsten rasch größer werden und dadurch die elektrische Stromstärke je Kontaktflächeneinheit abnimmt. Der beim Einlaufvorgang anfallende Abrieb von den Bürsten und aber auch vom Kupfer der Kollektorlamellen ist elektrisch leitfähig und kann deshalb, wenn er in die Nuten zwischen den Kollektorlamellen gelangt und dort angesammelt wird, zu parasitärem Stromfluß von Kollektorlamelle zu Kollektorlamelle führen. Wenn gemäß der Druckschrift DE 31 31 759 C2 der Kollektor mit einem öligen Schmiermittel besprüht wird, ist das Ansammeln und Haftenbleiben von leitfähigem Abrieb in den Schlitzen begünstigt. Starker Stromfluß durch angesammelten Abrieb kann prinzipiell ein "Wegbrennen" des angesammelten Abriebs und damit eine Art von thermischer Reinigung der Nuten bewirken. Solch starke Ströme kommen aber nur bei starker Belastung der elektrischen Maschine vor. Wird eine solche elektrische Maschine als ein Antrieb für Lüftergebläse in einem Fahrzeug verwendet, so tritt häufig der Fall auf, daß aus Gründen gering gehaltener Geräuschbelästigung eine solche elektrische Maschine nur mit niedriger Drehzahl und kleiner Stromstärke betrieben wird. Demzufolge ist nicht ausschließbar, daß eine erwünschte thermische Reinigung der genannten Art ausbleibt.For example, a collector for such an electrical machine is made by injecting a thermoplastic material into a substantially tubular blank of copper and sawing the blank at regular circumferentially measured distances whereby the collector receives grooves and louvers electrically isolated from each other. These grooves also extend into the thermoplastic material. Such a collector associated brushes are generally provided on their collector facing the end face with grooves extending in the circumferential direction of the collector, for the purpose that when first switching on the electric machine relatively much abrasion occurs, so that the brushes on said end faces as quickly as possible the outer contour of the collector can be adjusted. A quick run-in process is desired to increase the initial small contact areas of the brushes rapidly, thereby decreasing the electrical current per pad unit. The wear occurring during the running-in process from the brushes and also from the copper of the collector fins is electrically conductive and, therefore, when it enters the grooves between the collector fins and accumulates there, can lead to parasitic current flow from the collector fins to the collector fins. If according to the publication DE 31 31 759 C2 spraying the collector with an oily lubricant promotes the accumulation and sticking of conductive abrasion in the slots. Strong current flow through accumulated abrasion can in principle cause a "burn away" of the accumulated abrasion and thus a kind of thermal cleaning of the grooves. But such strong currents only occur when the electrical machine is under heavy load. If such an electrical machine used as a drive for fan blower in a vehicle, so it is often the case that, for reasons of low noise pollution a such electric machine is operated only at low speed and low amperage. Accordingly, it is not excluded that a desired thermal cleaning of the type mentioned fails.

Ein Beispiel für eine Bürste, die einen schnellen Einlaufvorgang ermöglicht, ist bekannt durch die DE-Offenlegungsschrift 28 56 112 .An example of a brush that allows a fast enema is known by the DE-Offenlegungsschrift 28 56 112 ,

Durch die GB-Patentschrift 1 591 349 ist es bekannt, Bürsten mit im Motorbetrieb nicht schmelzendem Wachs oder nicht fließendem Öl beispielsweise unter Verwendung von Geliermittel vollständig zu imprägnieren mit dem Ziel, die Schmierung auf die gesamte Gebrauchsdauer der Bürsten zu verlängern. Demgemäß wird aller Abrieb von den Bürsten Schmiermittel enthalten.By the British Patent 1,591,349 It is known to completely impregnate brushes with engine-immiscible wax or non-flowing oil, for example using gelling agents, with the aim of prolonging lubrication over the entire service life of the brushes. Accordingly, all abrasion from the brush will contain lubricant.

Die US-A 3 714 482 zeigt eine eine Bürste aufweisende elektrische Maschine. Aus der Druckschrift ist die Behandlung der Bürste mit einem Octadecylamin in Verbindung mit einem Hydrohalogenradikal bekannt Reaktionsprodukt dieser verbindung ist ein Salz, das in kristalliner Form auf der Bürste verbleibt.The US-A 3,714,482 shows a brush having an electric machine. The document discloses the treatment of the brush with an octadecylamine in conjunction with a hydrohalogen radical. The reaction product of this compound is a salt which remains in crystalline form on the brush.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die elektrische Maschine mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und auch das Verfahren mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2 ergeben den Vorteil, daß ein ölfreier bzw. schmiermittelfreier Kollektor in die elektrische Maschine einbaubar ist und daß ein Vorrat von öligem Schmiermittel unter Verwendung der wenigstens einen Bürste als Vorratsbehältnis in die elektrische Maschine einbringbar ist. Hierbei ist das Ziel, den Vorrat an.öligem Schmiermittel so gering zu halten, daß er für die Zeit der Anpassung der Bürstenstirnseiten an die Krümmung der Kollektorlamellen und zur Glättung der Kollektorlamellen im Reibkontakt mit den Bürsten ausreicht. Nach einem solchen sogenannten Einlaufen der Kombination aus Kollektorlamellen und Bürsten ist also das von den Bürsten gehaltene ölige Schmiermittel aufbrauchbar, so daß der hauptsächliche Teil der Betriebsdauer der elektrischen Maschine unter Entstehung von Bürstenabrieb ohne nachteiliges Beisein von öligem Schmiermittel abläuft. Dementsprechend gering ist die Gefahr, daß die zwischen den Kollektorlamellen befindlichen Nuten mit leitfähigem Abrieb gegebenenfalls auf Dauer gefüllt werden und parasitäre Ströme leiten.The electrical machine with the characterizing features of claim 1 and also the method with the characterizing features of claim 2 provide the advantage that an oil-free or lubricant-free collector is installed in the electric machine and that a supply of oily lubricant using the at least one Brush as a storage container in the electric machine can be introduced. Here, the goal is to keep the supply of .öligem lubricant so low that it is sufficient for the period of adaptation of the brush faces to the curvature of the collector plates and for smoothing the collector plates in frictional contact with the brushes. After such a so-called shrinking of the combination of collector blades and brushes so the oily lubricant held by the brush is unusable, so that the main part of the operating life of the electric machine under formation Brush abrasion without adverse presence of oily lubricant expires. Accordingly low is the risk that the grooves located between the collector fins are optionally filled with conductive abrasion permanently and conduct parasitic currents.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind alternative Möglichkeiten zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Anspruch 2 angegeben. Beispielsweise kann das ölige Schmiermittel stirnseitig auf die jeweilige Bürste aufgesprüht werden, wobei die der Bürste zugeordnete Menge beispielsweise durch die Sprühdauer bestimmbar ist. Die Alternative gemäß dem Anspruch 4 wird verwendet, wenn das ölige Schmiermittel an sich verhältnismäßig dickflüssig ist und die Eindringtiefe dieses Schmiermittels in die Bürste zu steuern ist. Der Anspruch 5 betrifft eine Bürste, deren kennzeichnende Merkmale für Schmiermittelvorrat in einer elektrischen Maschine mit Kollektor sorgen.The measures listed in the dependent claims alternative options for carrying out the method according to claim 2 are given. For example, the oily lubricant can be sprayed onto the end face of the respective brush, wherein the amount assigned to the brush can be determined, for example, by the spraying time. The alternative according to claim 4 is used when the oily lubricant per se is relatively viscous and the penetration depth of this lubricant into the brush is to be controlled. The claim 5 relates to a brush whose characteristic features provide for lubricant supply in an electric machine with collector.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und nachfolgend im einzelnen näher beschrieben. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch die elektrische Maschine mit Kollektor und Bürsten, Figur 2 eine Stirnansicht des Kollektors und der zugeordneten Bürsten und Figur 3 eine Einzelheit der beispielsweise verwendeten Bürsten.The electric machine according to the invention is shown in the drawing and described in detail below. Show it FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through the electric machine with collector and brushes, FIG. 2 an end view of the collector and the associated brushes and FIG. 3 a detail of the brushes used, for example.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Die in der Figur 1 schematisch dargestellte elektrische Maschine 2 hat beispielsweise ein erstes topfartiges Gehäuseteil 3 und ein zweites topfartiges Gehäuseteil 4, im topfartigen Gehäuseteil 3 untergebrachte Permanentmagnete 5, 6, einen zwischen den Permanentmagneten 5 und 6 drehbaren Anker 7 sowie einen dem Anker 7 zugeordneten Kollektor 8, eine den Anker 7 und den Kollektor tragende und dabei verdrehfest miteinander verbindenden Welle 9, ein dem Kollektor 8 benachbartes Gleitlager 10 und in einem Abstand davon ein dem Anker 7 benachbartes weiteres Gleitlager 11. Das Gleitlager 10 besteht beispielsweise aus einer Gleitlagerbuchse 12 und einem in der Gleitlagerbuchse 12 gelagerten Wellenabschnitt 13, der hier im Ausführungsbeispiel ein zapfenartiges Ende der pauschal mit 9 bezeichneten Welle bildet. Die Gleitlagerbuchse 12 ist beispielsweise gemäß dem Stand der Technik gesintert, beispielsweise aus Metall oder einem Gemisch aus Metallen und mit einem öligen Schmierstoff getränkt. Die Gleitlagerbuchse 12 wird gehalten von einem Lagerschild 14, das beispielsweise an das Gehäuseteil 4 angeformt ist. Beispielsweise in gleichartiger Weise ist ein weiteres Lagerschild 15 an das Gehäuseteil 3 angeformt und nimmt ebenfalls eine gesinterte Gleitlagerbuchse 16 auf. Ein weiterer Wellenabschnitt 17 erstreckt sich drehbar innerhalb der gesinterten Lagerbuchse 16, wodurch der Wellenabschnitt 17 und die gesinterte Lagerbuchse 16 das Gleitlager 11 bilden. Der Wellenabschnitt 17 trägt beispielsweise ein nicht dargestelltes Gebläserad oder Lüfterrad.The in the FIG. 1 schematically illustrated electric machine 2 has, for example, a first cup-shaped housing part 3 and a second cup-shaped housing part 4, in the cup-shaped housing part 3 accommodated permanent magnets 5, 6, an armature 7 rotatable between the permanent magnets 5 and 6, and a collector 7 associated with the armature 7, a shaft 9 which carries the armature 7 and the collector and thereby rotationally connected to each other, a sliding bearing 10 adjacent to the collector 8 and at a distance from it The sliding bearing 10 consists for example of a plain bearing bush 12 and a shaft bearing 13 mounted in the plain bearing bushing 13, which in the embodiment forms a pin-like end of the generally designated wave 9 here. The plain bearing bush 12 is sintered, for example, according to the prior art, for example made of metal or a mixture of metals and impregnated with an oily lubricant. The plain bearing bush 12 is held by a bearing plate 14, which is integrally formed, for example, on the housing part 4. For example, in a similar manner, another bearing plate 15 is integrally formed on the housing part 3 and also receives a sintered plain bearing bush 16. Another shaft portion 17 rotatably extends within the sintered bearing bush 16, whereby the shaft portion 17 and the sintered bearing bush 16 form the sliding bearing 11. The shaft portion 17 carries, for example, an unillustrated impeller or fan.

Dem Kollektor 8 zugeordnet sind im Beispiel zwei Bürsten 19, 20, die beispielsweise gemäß dem Stand der Technik entweder teilweise aus Kohle oder überwiegend aus Metallpulver oder Legierungen gepreßt sind. Die mechanische Führung der Bürsten 19 und 20 soll ihre elektrische Kontaktierung erfolgen mittels Bürstenhaltern 21 und 22. Ergänzend wird darauf hingewiesen, daß fallweise auch drei oder mehr Bürsten dem Kollektor 8 zuordenbar sind.Assigned to the collector 8 are in the example two brushes 19, 20, which are pressed, for example according to the prior art either partially made of coal or predominantly of metal powder or alloys. The mechanical guidance of the brushes 19 and 20 is to be made electrical contact by means of brush holders 21 and 22. In addition, it should be noted that occasionally three or more brushes the collector 8 are assigned.

Auf der Welle 9 kann zwischen dem Kollektor 8 und der Gleitlagerbuchse 12 eine Staubschutzscheibe 25 angeordnet sein.On the shaft 9, a dust cover 25 may be disposed between the collector 8 and the plain bearing bush 12.

Gemäß der Figur 2 besitzt der Kollektor 8 verdrehfest auf der Welle 9 einen isolierenden Tragkörper 26 und von diesem getragen eine Anzahl Lamellen 27, die aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung bestehen. In einer durch den Stand der Technik bekannten Weise ist der Kollektor 8 herstellbar aus einem im wesentlichen rohrförmigen Rohling, in den hinein aus thermoplastischem Werkstoff der isolierende Tragkörper hineinspritzbar ist, wonach durch Anordnen von Nuten 28 aus dem genannten rohrförmigen Rohling die in der Figur 2 dargestellten einzelnen Lamellen 27 entstehen. In der Figur 2 sind beispielsweise acht Lamellen dargestellt. Abweichend davon kann der Konstrukteur eine andere Anzahl von Lamellen wählen.According to the FIG. 2 the collector 8 has rotationally fixed on the shaft 9 an insulating support body 26 and supported by this number of fins 27, which consist of copper or a copper alloy. In a manner known from the prior art, the collector 8 can be produced from a substantially tubular blank, into which the insulating support body can be injected from thermoplastic material, whereupon by arranging grooves 28 from said tubular blank in the FIG. 2 shown individual slats 27 arise. In the FIG. 2 For example, eight fins are shown. Deviating from this, the designer can choose a different number of slats.

In der Figur 2 dargestellt sind Stirnseiten 29, 30 der Bürsten 19, 20, wobei diese Stirnseiten 29 und 30 gegen den Kollektor 8 gerichtet sind zur elektrisch leitenden Anlage an den Lamellen 27 dieses Kollektors 8. Von diesen Stirnseiten 29 und 30 ausgehend ist im dargestellten Beispiel jede der beiden Bürsten 19, 20 auf einer graphisch markierten Teillänge 19a bzw. 20a mit einem beispielsweise öligen Schmiermittel präpariert. Dieses ölige Schmiermittel, dessen Auswahl man dem Fachmann für die Kombination von Kollektor und Bürsten überlassen kann, kann beispielsweise lange vor dem Einbau der Bürsten 19, 20 in die elektrische Maschine 2 unverdünnt oder verdünnt aufgesprüht oder auf andere Art und Weise aufgebracht werden. Mithin hat also der Fachmann für solche Bürsten 19, 20 eine Auswahlmöglichkeit zwischen mehreren Verfahren zum Anbringen oder Einbringen eines für den Verwendungszweck günstigen Vorrates von öligem Schmiermittel an die Stirnseiten 19, 20 bzw. durch diese hindurch hinein bis in Teillängen 19a, 20a der Bürsten 19, 20.In the FIG. 2 shown are end faces 29, 30 of the brushes 19, 20, said end faces 29 and 30 are directed against the collector 8 for electrically conductive contact with the fins 27 of this collector 8. From these end faces 29 and 30 starting in the example shown each of the two Brushes 19, 20 prepared on a graphically marked part length 19a and 20a with an example oily lubricant. This oily lubricant, the selection of which can be left to the skilled person for the combination of collector and brushes, for example, long before the installation of the brush 19, 20 in the electric machine 2 can be sprayed undiluted or diluted or applied in any other way. Thus, the skilled person for such brushes 19, 20 has a choice between several methods for attaching or introducing a favorable for the purpose of stock of oily lubricant to the end faces 19, 20 or through this through into partial lengths 19a, 20a of the brushes 19, 20.

An sich genügt es, wenn eine der beiden Bürsten 19 oder 20 mit einem Vorrat von öligem Schmiermittel versehen wird, weil alle Kollektorlamellen 27 von dieser präparierten Bürste ausgehend mit dem Schmierstoff in Kontakt geraten. Wenn beide Bürsten 19 und 20 mit je einem Vorrat von Schmierstoff versehen und eingebaut werden, ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß nur eine Art von Bürsten auf Vorrat zu halten ist. Bei jeder der Bürsten, die mit Schmierstoff versehen ist, ist sichergestellt, daß auch jede elektrische Maschine im Sinne der Erfindung geschmiert ist.In itself, it is sufficient if one of the two brushes 19 or 20 is provided with a supply of oily lubricant, because all commutator plates 27 starting from this prepared brush get in contact with the lubricant. If both brushes 19 and 20 each provided with a supply of lubricant and installed, there is the advantage that only one type of brush is to keep in stock. In each of the brushes, which is provided with lubricant, it is ensured that each electric machine is lubricated in the sense of the invention.

In der Figur 3 ist eine weitere Abbildung für die Bürste 20 enthalten. Hier ist die Bürste 20 gegenüber der Figur 2 um 90° gedreht. Dadurch sind Rillen 31 zu sehen, die in Umfangsrichtung des Kollektors 8 ausgerichtet sind. Diese Rillen 31 dienen, wie dies bereits in der Beschreibungseinleitung erwähnt ist, einer schnellen Anpassung der Krümmung der Stirnseiten 29 und 30 der Bürsten 19 und 20 an die äußere Form der Lamellen 27 mit dem Ziel, schnell eine Kontaktfläche zu erzeugen, die in Umfangsrichtung des Kollektors 8 der zugeordneten Abmessung der Bürsten 19, 20 entspricht. Solche Rillen 31 sind, wenn sie vor dem Anbringen oder Aufbringen von öligem Schmiermittel in die Bürsten 19, 20 eingearbeitet sind, auch nützlich als Vorratsbehältnisse für das ölige Schmiermittel.In the FIG. 3 is another figure for the brush 20 included. Here is the brush 20 opposite the FIG. 2 turned by 90 degrees. As a result, grooves 31 can be seen, which are aligned in the circumferential direction of the collector 8. These grooves 31 serve, as already mentioned in the introduction, a rapid adjustment of the curvature of the end faces 29 and 30 of the brushes 19 and 20 to the outer shape of the fins 27 with the aim of rapidly creating a contact surface in the circumferential direction of the Collector 8 of the associated dimension of the brush 19, 20 corresponds. Such grooves 31, when incorporated into the brushes 19, 20 prior to the application or application of oily lubricant, are also useful as storage containers for the oily lubricant.

Claims (4)

  1. Electrical machine (2) having a combination of a commutator (8), at least one brush (19, 20) and a supply of oily lubricant which provides lubrication between the commutator (8) and the at least one brush (19, 20), characterized in that at least one of the brushes (19 and/or 20) contains the supply on or in a collector-side end side (29, 30) or a partial length (19a, 20a) of this brush (19, 20) which begins at the collector-side end side (29, 30).
  2. Method for producing an electrical machine (2) having a commutator (8) and at least one brush (19, 20) and a supply of oily lubricant, according to Claim 1, characterized in that, before being installed in the electrical machine (2), at least one of the brushes (19, 20) contains at least some of the supply of the lubricant in the region of an end side (29, 30) which is intended to make contact with the collector (8).
  3. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the oily lubricant is sprayed on.
  4. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the oily lubricant is mixed with a solvent and sprayed on.
EP99927703A 1998-04-23 1999-04-22 Electric machine having a commutator Expired - Lifetime EP0996994B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19818113 1998-04-23
DE1998118113 DE19818113A1 (en) 1998-04-23 1998-04-23 Electric machine with commutator, carbon brushes and lubricating oil
PCT/DE1999/001206 WO1999056355A1 (en) 1998-04-23 1999-04-22 Electric machine having a commutator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0996994A1 EP0996994A1 (en) 2000-05-03
EP0996994B1 true EP0996994B1 (en) 2009-07-08

Family

ID=7865526

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99927703A Expired - Lifetime EP0996994B1 (en) 1998-04-23 1999-04-22 Electric machine having a commutator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0996994B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002506608A (en)
BR (1) BR9906393A (en)
DE (2) DE19818113A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2326604T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1999056355A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7423359B2 (en) * 2004-06-18 2008-09-09 Moog Inc. Fluid-dispensing reservoir for large-diameter slip rings
JP6267912B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2018-01-24 東洋炭素株式会社 Metal-carbon brush and method for producing the same

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1568774A (en) * 1923-05-17 1926-01-05 Sparks Withington Co Brush
DE2025216A1 (en) * 1970-05-23 1971-12-02 Carbone Ag Brush for electric motors and dynamos
US3714482A (en) * 1971-10-27 1973-01-30 Motorola Inc Brush wear inhibitor for dynamoelectric machines
DE2461294B2 (en) * 1974-12-23 1978-07-27 Schunk & Ebe Gmbh, 6301 Lahn Process for the production of a carbon sliding body
GB1591349A (en) * 1977-09-09 1981-06-17 Schunk & Ebe Gmbh Carbon brush for electrical machines
DE2856112A1 (en) * 1978-12-23 1980-07-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert ELECTRICAL MACHINE, ESPECIALLY ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH A COLLECTOR AND AT LEAST ONE GRINDING BRUSH APPLIED TO THIS, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE GRINDING BRUSH
JPS5734749A (en) * 1980-08-11 1982-02-25 Sony Corp Commutator for motor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19818113A1 (en) 1999-10-28
JP2002506608A (en) 2002-02-26
ES2326604T3 (en) 2009-10-15
BR9906393A (en) 2000-09-26
EP0996994A1 (en) 2000-05-03
WO1999056355A1 (en) 1999-11-04
DE59915049D1 (en) 2009-08-20

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