EP0991093B1 - Method and device to interrupt electrical current - Google Patents
Method and device to interrupt electrical current Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0991093B1 EP0991093B1 EP19990402370 EP99402370A EP0991093B1 EP 0991093 B1 EP0991093 B1 EP 0991093B1 EP 19990402370 EP19990402370 EP 19990402370 EP 99402370 A EP99402370 A EP 99402370A EP 0991093 B1 EP0991093 B1 EP 0991093B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- current
- contacts
- arc
- contact
- principal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of blowing an electric arc of break occurring between separable contacts of an electrical appliance, these contacts being traversed in the closed state by a main current and giving birth, during an opening under tension, to an arc which extends between the parts of contact and / or adjacent conductive parts leading to an extinguishing chamber, the arc being directed at the start of opening in a main direction.
- a cut-off device comprising at least one line current with conductive parts carrying separable contacts and connecting these contacts at connection terminals, and comprising an extinguishing chamber arc associated with separable contacts; the contacts are traversed in the closed state by a main current, while their opening under voltage gives rise to an arc which extends between the contacts and / or their supporting conductive parts and / or adjacent conductive rails leading to the extinguishing chamber.
- conductive parts power supply of a particular shape for example in J
- an additional magnetic field is created by means of a magnetic circuit with which a source of field such as a magnet.
- Document GB-A-828,865 describes a method of blowing an electric arc according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the object of the invention is to generate a high magnetic field for blowing the arc without requiring any complication of the conductive current supply parts
- a transient current transverse to the main direction of the arc is injected into one of the contacts or one of the conductive parts, the injected transient current generating a field magnetic arc blowing device.
- the current supply parts can be simplified, usually dimensioned to favor self-blowing of the arc, and therefore reduce their cost; that on the other hand we can improve the energy balance observed at the level contact electrodes.
- the transverse transient current is injected in the form of a pulse. of high energy current from the birth of the arc, the start of the pulse being determined from the displacement of the mobile contact or from its cause, and the Magnetic blowing field created by the transverse transient current is added to the self-blowing magnetic field created by the main current.
- the device of the invention is such that at least one of the conductive parts carrying the separable contacts is connected to a current source capable of injecting into the interruption of a transient current in the contact or in the conductive part which carries the contact or in an adjacent conductive part such as a guide rail of arc, the connections of the conductive part with the current source being suitable for establishing a direction for the transient current in the surface area flow transverse to the main direction.
- FIG. 1 represents a cut-off device according to the invention at the start of opening with current injection at one of the contacts.
- FIG. 2 shows a variant of the device with injection at the level of a rail provided for the displacement of a foot of arc.
- the electrical device illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises separable contacts at 10.11 pads connected respectively to connection terminals 12.13 by conductive parts 14,15 which carry the pads and other conductive elements such as 16.17.
- Contact pads 10,11 and conductive parts and elements define a current line traversed, when the contacts 10,11 are closed, by a main current of intensity I1. This current flows from a contact to the other in a direction X.
- the contact 10 is fixed and the contact 11 is mobile and subject to an opening system 18 of all types.
- An auxiliary current circuit 20, which includes a pulse current source 21, has conductive parts 22, 23 which are connected at 24 and 25 to the contact pad 10 or preferably to its carrier conductive part 14. More the points 22 and 23 are close to the surface 26 of the contact 10 cooperating with the surface 27 of contact 11, the greater the targeted effect.
- the current source is shown subject to opening system 18, but can be ordered by any electrical, magnetic, mechanical device associated with the cause or effect of the opening phenomenon, so as to emit a transient current pulse I2 at the desired time to help extinguish the arc.
- the target pulse is high frequency, i.e. it can be a single pulse with a steep edge or a train of high frequency pulses.
- the opening system 18 When the opening system 18 causes the contact 11 to move, it separates from contact 10 and there appears between their surfaces an arc A.
- the pulse of current 12 is emitted with a steep edge by the source 21 and passes into the skin of the contact 10 in a direction Y substantially transverse to the direction X.
- the impulse transient current 12 generates a magnetic field B2 which exerts on the arc a force F2 causing a displacement of the arc A in the direction Y.
- the arc is looped as indicated in A ', this which creates an additional magnetic field B1 helping to expel the arc in direction Y.
- the current pulse I2 thus destabilizes the arc, which is therefore aware of the self-blowing produced by the main current I1.
- the strong current densities produced have a thermal effect which helps drive out faster the arc.
- the conductive parts 22, 23 may be rails provided to guide the foot corresponding from the arc to extinguishing chambers 28 for example provided fractionation fins.
- FIG. 2 is shown an alternative embodiment of the device, implemented on rails 31, 32 for guiding the feet of the cutting arc A.
- the circuit of auxiliary current 20 is connected at 24 and 25 to a rail 31 so that the current transient I2 can flow in direction Y which is that of rail 31, at less in the part of it on which it is desired to accentuate the effect of bow hunting.
- the main current line is deflected when the contacts open 10.11 towards the rails, so that the main current I1 passes through the rail 32, the arc and rail 31.
- the current pulse I2 is injected at a time chosen by a member trigger 33 and, in the direction Y, induces a magnetic field B2 which subjects the arc to an effort F2. This effort is added to the F1 effort due to the sulk main current I1 and the arc is driven more quickly towards the chamber extinction 28.
- the electrical device described can be single or double cut and it is applicable in low, medium or high voltage.
- High frequency current pulse is unique or can consist of a train of pulses.
- the source of current is of any known type. Its energy can advantageously come from the main power line.
Landscapes
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de soufflage d'un arc électrique de coupure apparaissant entre des contacts séparables d'un appareil électrique, ces contacts étant parcourus à l'état fermé par un courant principal et donnant naissance, lors d'une ouverture sous tension, à un arc qui s'étend entre les pièces de contact et/ou des pièces conductrices adjacentes conduisant à une chambre d'extinction, l'arc étant dirigé en début d'ouverture selon une direction principale.The present invention relates to a method of blowing an electric arc of break occurring between separable contacts of an electrical appliance, these contacts being traversed in the closed state by a main current and giving birth, during an opening under tension, to an arc which extends between the parts of contact and / or adjacent conductive parts leading to an extinguishing chamber, the arc being directed at the start of opening in a main direction.
Elle concerne également un dispositif de coupure comprenant au moins une ligne de courant à pièces conductrices portant des contacts séparables et raccordant ces contacts à des bornes de connexion, et comprenant une chambre d'extinction d'arc associée aux contacts séparables ; les contacts sont parcourus à l'état fermé par un courant principal, tandis que leur ouverture sous tension donne naissance à un arc qui s'étend entre les contacts et/ou leurs pièces conductrices porteuses et/ou des rails conducteurs adjacents conduisant à la chambre d'extinction.It also relates to a cut-off device comprising at least one line current with conductive parts carrying separable contacts and connecting these contacts at connection terminals, and comprising an extinguishing chamber arc associated with separable contacts; the contacts are traversed in the closed state by a main current, while their opening under voltage gives rise to an arc which extends between the contacts and / or their supporting conductive parts and / or adjacent conductive rails leading to the extinguishing chamber.
On utilise habituellement, pour chasser rapidement l'arc, des pièces conductrices d'amenée de courant de forme particulière, par exemple en J, afin d'engendrer un champ magnétique de soufflage de l'arc, et on crée un champ magnétique-supplémentaire au moyen d'un circuit magnétique auquel est associée une source de champ telle qu'un aimant. Ces pièces d'amenée de courant entraínent un encombrement et un surcoût du dispositif.Usually used to conduct the arc quickly, conductive parts power supply of a particular shape, for example in J, in order to generate a arc blowing magnetic field, and an additional magnetic field is created by means of a magnetic circuit with which a source of field such as a magnet. These current supply parts cause congestion and an additional cost of the device.
Le document GB-A-828 865 décrit un procédé de soufflage d'un arc électrique selon le préambule de la revendication 1.Document GB-A-828,865 describes a method of blowing an electric arc according to the preamble of claim 1.
L'invention a pour but d'engendrer un champ magnétique élevé de soufflage de l'arc sans nécessiter de complication des pièces conductrices d'amenée de courantThe object of the invention is to generate a high magnetic field for blowing the arc without requiring any complication of the conductive current supply parts
Selon le procédé de l'invention, dès l'ouverture des contacts, un courant transitoire transversal à la direction principale de l'arc est injecté dans l'un des contacts ou l'une des pièces conductrices, le courant transitoire injecté engendrant un champ magnétique local de soufflage de l'arc. According to the method of the invention, as soon as the contacts open, a transient current transverse to the main direction of the arc is injected into one of the contacts or one of the conductive parts, the injected transient current generating a field magnetic arc blowing device.
II en résulte que d'une part on peut simplifier les pièces d'amenée de courant, habituellement dimensionnées pour favoriser l'autosoufflage de l'arc, et donc réduire leur coût ; que d'autre part on peut améliorer le bilan énergétique observé au niveau des électrodes de contact.As a result, on the one hand, the current supply parts can be simplified, usually dimensioned to favor self-blowing of the arc, and therefore reduce their cost; that on the other hand we can improve the energy balance observed at the level contact electrodes.
De préférence, le courant transitoire transversal est injecté sous forme d'impulsion de courant de forte énergie dès la naissance de l'arc, le début de l'impulsion étant déterminé à partir du déplacement du contact mobile ou à partir de sa cause, et le champ magnétique de soufflage créé par le courant transitoire transversal s'ajoute au champ magnétique d'autosoufflage créé par le courant principal.Preferably, the transverse transient current is injected in the form of a pulse. of high energy current from the birth of the arc, the start of the pulse being determined from the displacement of the mobile contact or from its cause, and the Magnetic blowing field created by the transverse transient current is added to the self-blowing magnetic field created by the main current.
Le dispositif de l'invention est tel que l'une au moins des pièces conductrices portant les contacts séparables est reliée à une source de courant apte à injecter à la coupure un courant transitoire dans le contact ou dans la pièce conductrice qui porte le contact ou dans une pièce conductrice adjacente telle qu'un rail de guidage d'arc, les liaisons de la pièce conductrice avec la source de courant étant propres à établir pour le courant transitoire dans la zone de surface une direction d'écoulement transversale à la direction principale.The device of the invention is such that at least one of the conductive parts carrying the separable contacts is connected to a current source capable of injecting into the interruption of a transient current in the contact or in the conductive part which carries the contact or in an adjacent conductive part such as a guide rail of arc, the connections of the conductive part with the current source being suitable for establishing a direction for the transient current in the surface area flow transverse to the main direction.
La description va être faite, en regard des dessins annexés, d'un mode de réalisation non limitatif de l'invention.The description will be made, with reference to the accompanying drawings, of an embodiment non-limiting of the invention.
La figure 1 représente un dispositif de coupure selon l'invention en début d'ouverture avec injection de courant au niveau de l'un des contacts.FIG. 1 represents a cut-off device according to the invention at the start of opening with current injection at one of the contacts.
La figure 2 montre une variante du dispositif avec injection au niveau d'un rail prévu pour le déplacement d'un pied d'arc.FIG. 2 shows a variant of the device with injection at the level of a rail provided for the displacement of a foot of arc.
Le dispositif électrique illustré sur la figure 1 comprend des contacts séparables à
pastilles 10,11 reliées respectivement à des bornes de connexion 12,13 par des
pièces conductrices 14,15 qui portent les pastilles et d'autres éléments conducteurs
tels que 16,17. Les pastilles de contact 10,11 et les pièces et éléments conducteurs
définissent une ligne de courant parcourue, lorsque les contacts 10,11
sont fermés, par un courant principal d'intensité I1. Ce courant passe d'un contact
à l'autre selon une direction X. Le contact 10 est fixe et le contact 11 est mobile et
assujetti à un système d'ouverture 18 de tout type.The electrical device illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises separable contacts at
10.11 pads connected respectively to connection terminals 12.13 by
Un circuit de courant auxiliaire 20, qui comprend une source de courant impulsionnelle
21, présente des parties conductrices 22,23 qui se raccordent en 24 et 25 à
la pastille de contact 10 ou de préférence à sa pièce conductrice porteuse 14. Plus
les points 22 et 23 sont proches de la surface 26 du contact 10 coopérant avec la
surface 27 du contact 11, plus l'effet visé est important. La source de courant est
montrée assujettie au système d'ouverture 18, mais elle peut être commandée par
tout dispositif électrique, magnétique, mécanique associé à la cause ou à l'effet du
phénomène d'ouverture, de manière à émettre une impulsion de courant transitoire
I2 à l'instant souhaité pour contribuer à l'extinction de l'arc. L'impulsion visée est à
haute fréquence, c'est-à-dire qu'il peut s'agir d'une impulsion unique à front raide
ou d'un train d'impulsions de haute fréquence.An auxiliary
Quand le système d'ouverture 18 provoque la mise en mouvement du contact 11,
celui-ci se sépare du contact 10 et il apparaít entre leurs surfaces un arc A. L'impulsion
de courant 12 est émise avec un front raide par la source 21 et passe dans
la peau du contact 10 dans une direction Y sensiblement transversale à la direction
X.When the
Le courant transitoire impulsionnel 12 engendre un champ magnétique B2 qui
exerce sur l'arc un effort F2 entraínant un déplacement de l'arc A dans la direction
Y. Dans l'exemple de la figure 1, l'arc se met en boucle comme indiqué en A', ce
qui crée un champ magnétique supplémentaire B1 contribuant à chasser l'arc dans
la direction Y. On comprend que l'impulsion de courant I2 déstabilise ainsi l'arc, qui
est dès lors sensibilisé à l'autosoufflage produit par le courant principal I1. Les fortes
densités de courant produites ont un effet thermique qui contribue à chasser
plus rapidement l'arc. The impulse
Les parties conductrices 22,23 peuvent être des rails prévus pour guider le pied
correspondant de l'arc vers des chambres d'extinction 28 par exemple munies
d'ailettes de fractionnement.The
Sur la figure 2 est représentée une variante de réalisation du dispositif, mis en oeuvre
sur des rails 31,32 de guidage des pieds de l'arc de coupure A. Le circuit de
courant auxiliaire 20 est raccordé en 24 et 25 à un rail 31 de manière que le courant
transitoire I2 puisse s'écouler selon la direction Y qui est celle du rail 31, au
moins dans la partie de celui-ci sur laquelle il est souhaité d'accentuer l'effet de
chasse de l'arc. La ligne de courant principale est déviée à l'ouverture des contacts
10,11 vers les rails, de sorte que le courant principal I1 passe par le rail 32, l'arc et
le rail 31. L'impulsion de courant I2 est injectée à un instant choisi par un organe
de déclenchement 33 et, en passant dans la direction Y, induit un champ magnétique
B2 qui soumet l'arc à un effort F2. Cet effort s'ajoute à l'effort F1 dû à la boude
de courant principal I1 et l'arc est chassé plus rapidement vers le chambre
d'extinction 28.In Figure 2 is shown an alternative embodiment of the device, implemented
on
Le dispositif électrique décrit peut être à simple ou double coupure et il est applicable en basse, moyenne ou haute tension. L'impulsion de courant à haute fréquence est unique ou peut être constituée par un train d'impulsions. La source de courant est de tout type connu. Son énergie peut avantageusement provenir de la ligne de courant principale.The electrical device described can be single or double cut and it is applicable in low, medium or high voltage. High frequency current pulse is unique or can consist of a train of pulses. The source of current is of any known type. Its energy can advantageously come from the main power line.
Claims (7)
- Process for blowing a current breaking electric arc appearing between separable contacts of an electrical appliance, these contacts being passed through in the contact-making state by a principal current and giving rise, when broken while live, to an arc which extends between the contact points and/or adjacent conductor parts leading to a quenching chamber, the arc being directed when the break in contact begins along a principal direction,
characterised in that, as soon as the contacts are broken, a transient current (I2) transverse to the principal direction of the arc is injected into one of the contacts or one of the conductor parts, the transient current injected generating a local magnetic arc blow field. - Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the transverse transient current (I2) is injected in the form of a high-energy current pulse as soon as the arc appears, the pulse start being set from the movement of the mobile contact or from its cause.
- Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the magnetic blow field created by the transverse transient current (I2) is added to the auto-blowing magnetic field created by the principal current (I1).
- Current-breaking device including at least one current line with conductor parts bearing separable contacts (10, 11) and connecting these contacts to connection terminals, and including a quenching chamber (28) associated with the separable contacts, which contacts are passed through in the contact-making state by a principal current (I1), whereas breaking the contacts while live gives rise to an arc (A) which extends between the contacts and/or their bearing conductor parts and/or adjacent conductor parts leading to the quenching chamber, the arc being directed when the contact break begins along a principal direction (X), characterised in that one at least of the conductor parts (10, 11, 14, 15) is connected to a current source (21) able to inject at the break a transient current (I2) into an area close to the surface of the contact (10, 11) or of the conductor part (14, 15) which carries it or of the adjacent conductor part, the connections of the conductor part with the current source being suitable to establish for the transient current in the surface area a direction (Y) transverse to the principal direction (X).
- Current-breaking device including at least one current line with conductor parts bearing separable contacts (10, 11) and connecting these contacts to connection terminals, and including a quenching chamber (28) associated with the separable contacts, which contacts are passed through in the contact-making state by a principal current (I1), whereas breaking the contacts while live gives rise to an arc (A) which extends between the contacts (10, 11) and/or adjacent conductor rails (31, 32) leading to the quenching chamber so as to extend between the rails along a principal direction (X),
characterised in that one at least of the rails (31, 32) is connected to a current source (21) able to establish at break a transient current (I2), the connections of the rail with the current source being such that the transient current is taken along the rail to generate a magnetic field tending to drive the arc towards the cutoff chamber. - Current-breaking device according to claim 5, characterised in that the transient current is added in the rail to the principal current.
- Current-breaking device according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the current source (21) is pulse-type and that it includes a pulse release component (18, 33) controlled as a function of the exceeding of a mechanical or electrical value associated with the breaking of the contacts (10, 11).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9812336 | 1998-10-01 | ||
| FR9812336A FR2784223B1 (en) | 1998-10-01 | 1998-10-01 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CUTTING ELECTRIC CURRENT |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0991093A1 EP0991093A1 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
| EP0991093B1 true EP0991093B1 (en) | 2004-03-24 |
Family
ID=9531109
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19990402370 Expired - Lifetime EP0991093B1 (en) | 1998-10-01 | 1999-09-28 | Method and device to interrupt electrical current |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0991093B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69915756T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2784223B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB828865A (en) * | 1957-04-09 | 1960-02-24 | Alfred Vang | Electric circuits for preventing or minimizing arcing at circuit-breaker or switch contacts |
| FR2438905A1 (en) * | 1978-10-12 | 1980-05-09 | Alsthom Cgee | HIGH VOLTAGE CURRENT SWITCHING DEVICE |
| US4924750A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1990-05-15 | General Electric Company | Electromagnetic launcher with improved current commutating switch performance |
-
1998
- 1998-10-01 FR FR9812336A patent/FR2784223B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-09-28 EP EP19990402370 patent/EP0991093B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-28 DE DE69915756T patent/DE69915756T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2784223A1 (en) | 2000-04-07 |
| DE69915756T2 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| EP0991093A1 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
| FR2784223B1 (en) | 2000-12-01 |
| DE69915756D1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
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