EP0989628B1 - Patch antenna having flexed ground plate - Google Patents

Patch antenna having flexed ground plate Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0989628B1
EP0989628B1 EP99118195A EP99118195A EP0989628B1 EP 0989628 B1 EP0989628 B1 EP 0989628B1 EP 99118195 A EP99118195 A EP 99118195A EP 99118195 A EP99118195 A EP 99118195A EP 0989628 B1 EP0989628 B1 EP 0989628B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
patch antenna
radiating plate
ground plate
plate
base plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99118195A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0989628A1 (en
Inventor
Jeong Kun Oh
Duck Jae Park
Chang Gyu Choi
Jong Cheol Yun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ace Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ace Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ace Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Ace Technology Co Ltd
Publication of EP0989628A1 publication Critical patent/EP0989628A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0989628B1 publication Critical patent/EP0989628B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly, to a patch antenna typically used for mobile communications equipment.
  • a patch antenna is light in its weight and has a thin cross section so as to be fixed easily to the roof or window of a car or the wall of a building.
  • the patch antenna is preferred for wide radio applications including military purposes and commercial purposes, e.g., missiles, battlefield surveillance systems, telemetry systems, and aircraft or satellite communications.
  • the patch antenna has a disadvantage in that it shows a narrow bandwidth, which typically ranges between 1 and 2%. Accordingly, it has been desired to develop an antenna which shows a wide bandwidth while maintaining the small size thereof.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a patch antenna which shows a wide bandwidth and maintains a high radiation efficiency without increasing the size thereof.
  • the patch antenna for achieving the above object comprises a radiating plate, a ground plate, and means for feeding the radiating plate.
  • the ground plate has a base plane and at least one vertical lip extended perpendicularly from the base plane to have an "L"-shaped or "U”-shaped cross section.
  • a capacitive coupling is induced in the space between the radiating plate and the ground plate in the vicinity of the vertical lip, so that a wideband impedance matching and an increased forward-to-back ratio are obtained.
  • a patch antenna assembly in a preferred embodiment includes a patch antenna element and a housing for accommodating the patch antenna element.
  • the patch antenna element includes a radiating plate 10, a ground plate 20, and a coaxial cable 30 for feeding signals to the radiating plate 10.
  • the housing consists of a top housing 50 and a bottom housing 60.
  • the bottom housing 60 includes, on its top surface, an outer wall 62, protrusions 64 extending inwards from the outer wall 62 for supporting the ground plate 20, and fingers 66 for securing the radiating plate 10. Even though not being illustrated in the figures, four protrusions are formed on the inner surface of the wall of the top housing 50 and four recesses are formed correspondingly on the outer surface of the outer wall 62 of the bottom housing 60, so that the top housing 50 can be secured on the bottom housing 60.
  • the housing is preferably made of plastic dielectric material having sufficient physical strength yet minimizing the reflection of the electromagnetic wave transmitted from or received by the patch antenna element.
  • the radiating plate 10 and the ground plate 20 may be made of conductive material such as a copper or aluminum sheet.
  • the radiating plate 10 is rectangular-shaped and has a slit 12 having a "U"-shape and penetrating itself.
  • the radiating plate 10 has a hole in its center for receiving a probe 39, i.e., the end of the center conductor of the coaxial cable 30, and holes near its corners for receiving the top end of the fingers 66.
  • the ground plate 20 has a base plane 22 and a vertical lip 24 extending perpendicularly from an edge of the base plane 22 so as to have an "L"-shaped cross section.
  • the ground plate 20 has holes so that the fingers 66 penetrate the plate.
  • the coaxial cable 30 includes a center conductor 32, an insulating layer 34 surrounding the center conductor 32, and an outer conductor 36 surrounding the insulating layer 34.
  • the coaxial cable 30 is not sheathed and thus uninsulated in its outer surface so that the outer conductor 36 of the cable 30 directly contacts the ground plate 20.
  • a coaxial connector 38 for connecting the patch antenna assembly to an external circuit is disposed at an end of the coaxial cable 30.
  • the other end of the cable 30 is flexed upwards by 90°.
  • the outer conductor 36 is stripped off at the vertical portion of the cable 30 flexed upwards.
  • the patch antenna assembly is assembled as follows.
  • the ground plate 20 is disposed on the protrusions 64 while the fingers 66 being inserted into the holes of the ground plate 20.
  • the fitting portion of the coaxial connector 38 is disposed in a mating groove 62 of the bottom housing 60, and the outer conductor 36 of the coaxial cable 30 is fixed, preferably by soldering, on the ground plate 20.
  • the radiating plate 10 is disposed on the top end of the fingers 66 while the probe 39 of the coaxial cable 30 being inserted to the center hole of the radiating plate 10.
  • the probe 39 is soldered in the center hole of the radiating plate 10, so that the radiating plate 10 is electrically connected to the center conductor 32 of the coaxial cable 30 while being secured in parallel with the ground plate 20.
  • the top housing 50 is secured on the bottom housing 60 by engaging four not shown protrusions on the inner surface of the wall of the top housing 50 and four not shown recesses on the outer surface of the bottom housing 60.
  • the radiating plate 10 is parallel to, but separated from the ground plate 20 by the coaxial cable 30 and the fingers 66. Also, the outer conductor 36 of the coaxial cable 30 terminates on the ground plate 20 and the center conductor 32 terminates on the radiating plate 10. Thus, the radiating plate 10 is fed from the rear using the center conductor 32 of the coaxial cable 30.
  • the vertical lip 24 extending from the edge of the base plane 22 changes the electromagnetic field distribution in the space between the radiating plate 10 and the ground plate 20 in the vicinity of the vertical lip 24.
  • Such a change in the electromagnetic field distribution increases a distributed capacitance between the radiating plate 10 and the ground plate 20.
  • the increased distributed capacitance compensates for the inductive reactance induced in the coaxial cable 30, which allows a wideband impedance matching and expands the beam width of the main lobe of the radiated wave.
  • the magnitude of the induced capacitance may be adjusted by varying the height of the vertical lip 24 and the distance between the edge of the radiating plate 10 and the vertical lip 24. That is, if the distance between the edge of the radiating plate 10 and the vertical lip 24 is getting smaller, the induced capacitance is getting larger and the resonance frequency moves toward a lower band.
  • the length of the radiating plate 10 may be determined to be smaller than ⁇ /2, where ⁇ is the operating wavelength of the antenna assembly.
  • a larger ground plate is preferable in a directional antenna in order to enhance the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.
  • the larger ground plate is disadvantageous in that it also increases the dimension and weight of the antenna.
  • the vertical lip 24 of the ground plate 20 reduces the portion of the wave which radiates backward from the radiating plate 10. Accordingly, it is possible to enhance the front-to-back ratio while reducing the horizontal dimension of the ground plate 20 compared with those of prior art.
  • the height of the vertical lip 24 and the distance between the radiating plate 10 and the vertical lip 24 may be determined in such a manner that a desired beam width is obtained.
  • FIG. 3 shows the experimental measurement of a standing wave ratio for the patch antenna assembly of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Standing wave ratios were calculated based on scattering (S) parameters measured at the input terminal of the coaxial connector 40.
  • Standing wave ratios at 824, 849, 869 and 894 MHz were 1.23, 1.15, 1.26, and 1.18, respectively.
  • the standing wave ratio for the patch antenna assembly of FIGS. 1 and 2 maintains low value over a wide band extending more than 100 MHz.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns, respectively, at 849 MHz for the patch antenna assembly of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the antenna radiation patterns show that most of the power is radiated to the front direction of the radiating plate and reflect the high front-to-back ratio of the patch antenna according to the present invention.
  • the maximum E-plane gain is 7.54 dB and the maximum H-plane gain is 7.80 dB.
  • the beam width at 3 dB half point is 82.32 degrees in the E-plane and 84.05 degrees in the H-plane.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate another embodiment of a patch antenna assembly according to the present invention.
  • the ground plate 70 is flexed upwards at two edges opposite to each other so as to have a "U"-shaped cross section.
  • the ground plate 70 includes a base plane 72 and a first vertical lip 74 extending perpendicularly from an edge of the base plane 72, and a second vertical lip 76 extending perpendicularly from another edge of the base plane 72 and being parallel to the first vertical lip 74.
  • the other features of the patch antenna assembly of FIGS. 6 and 7 are similar to those of the patch antenna assembly of FIGS. 1 and 2, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • a dielectric layer such as a Teflon fiberglass layer and a ceramic layer may be inserted between the radiating plate and the ground plate alternatively.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
EP99118195A 1998-09-14 1999-09-13 Patch antenna having flexed ground plate Expired - Lifetime EP0989628B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR9837870 1998-09-14
KR1019980037870A KR100322385B1 (ko) 1998-09-14 1998-09-14 엘-모양과 유-모양 접지면을 갖는 광대역 패치 안테나

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0989628A1 EP0989628A1 (en) 2000-03-29
EP0989628B1 true EP0989628B1 (en) 2003-08-06

Family

ID=19550557

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99118195A Expired - Lifetime EP0989628B1 (en) 1998-09-14 1999-09-13 Patch antenna having flexed ground plate

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0989628B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR100322385B1 (ko)
AT (1) ATE246848T1 (ko)
DE (1) DE69910137T2 (ko)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7548204B2 (en) 2004-07-23 2009-06-16 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Broadband antenna smaller structure height
CN103545594A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2014-01-29 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 一种高超声速飞行器遥测天线窗安装装置
CN103794860A (zh) * 2014-01-18 2014-05-14 中国计量学院 三土形与喜字头形微带天线

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3255403B2 (ja) * 1998-12-24 2002-02-12 インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション パッチアンテナおよびそれを用いた電子機器
WO2001092671A1 (de) * 2000-05-31 2001-12-06 Reglomat Ag Anlage zur steuerung der position eines bewegbaren teiles
DE10104864A1 (de) 2001-02-03 2002-08-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Senden und/oder Empfangen von Radarstrahlen
US7180440B2 (en) 2001-02-03 2007-02-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Integrated circuit for a radar device in a hermetically sealed housing comprising a patch antenna formed from a bent component from sheet metal
KR100674200B1 (ko) * 2004-08-27 2007-01-24 인하대학교 산학협력단 다중 ｕ-슬롯 마이크로스트립 패치 안테나
US8115681B2 (en) 2005-04-26 2012-02-14 Emw Co., Ltd. Ultra-wideband antenna having a band notch characteristic
WO2006137666A1 (en) 2005-06-20 2006-12-28 E.M.W. Antenna Co., Ltd. Antenna using electrically conductive ink and production method thereof
TWI374573B (en) * 2008-08-22 2012-10-11 Ind Tech Res Inst Uwb antenna and detection apparatus for transportation means
KR101662109B1 (ko) * 2015-04-22 2016-10-10 국방과학연구소 Em 시뮬레이션에 사용되는 도파관 개구면 배열 안테나
KR102626156B1 (ko) * 2023-03-09 2024-01-16 박영권 전자기적 결합 급전과 u형 슬롯을 이용한 저자세 평면 안테나

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4724443A (en) * 1985-10-31 1988-02-09 X-Cyte, Inc. Patch antenna with a strip line feed element
US4780724A (en) * 1986-04-18 1988-10-25 General Electric Company Antenna with integral tuning element
AU6584698A (en) * 1997-03-31 1998-10-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Dual-frequency-band patch antenna with alternating active and passive elements
CA2321788C (en) * 1998-02-23 2008-02-12 Qualcomm Incorporated Uniplanar dual strip antenna
US6184833B1 (en) * 1998-02-23 2001-02-06 Qualcomm, Inc. Dual strip antenna

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7548204B2 (en) 2004-07-23 2009-06-16 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Broadband antenna smaller structure height
CN103545594A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2014-01-29 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 一种高超声速飞行器遥测天线窗安装装置
CN103545594B (zh) * 2013-09-30 2015-11-25 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 一种高超声速飞行器遥测天线窗安装装置
CN103794860A (zh) * 2014-01-18 2014-05-14 中国计量学院 三土形与喜字头形微带天线
CN103794860B (zh) * 2014-01-18 2015-12-30 中国计量学院 三土形与喜字头形微带天线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0989628A1 (en) 2000-03-29
DE69910137D1 (de) 2003-09-11
DE69910137T2 (de) 2004-06-09
ATE246848T1 (de) 2003-08-15
KR20000019672A (ko) 2000-04-15
KR100322385B1 (ko) 2002-06-22

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