EP0987727B1 - Unterscheidungsverfahren eines internen Fehlerlichtbogen von einem Schaltlichtbogen in einem Mittel oder Hochspannungsschaltgerät - Google Patents

Unterscheidungsverfahren eines internen Fehlerlichtbogen von einem Schaltlichtbogen in einem Mittel oder Hochspannungsschaltgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0987727B1
EP0987727B1 EP99402246A EP99402246A EP0987727B1 EP 0987727 B1 EP0987727 B1 EP 0987727B1 EP 99402246 A EP99402246 A EP 99402246A EP 99402246 A EP99402246 A EP 99402246A EP 0987727 B1 EP0987727 B1 EP 0987727B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
circuit breaker
arc
internal
internal arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99402246A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0987727A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Marmonier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
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Areva T&D SAS
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Publication of EP0987727A1 publication Critical patent/EP0987727A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/26—Means for detecting the presence of an arc or other discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for discriminating an internal arc of a cut-off arc, generally of greater amplitude than the breaking arc, which is established in a circuit-breaker envelope of an armored substation bay of average or high voltage, using dielectric gas pressure readings inside the envelope of said circuit breaker, in which the occurrence of an internal arc is detected by a protection system which transmits in response a tripping order at the circuit breaker to cause the separation of its contacts, this separation causing the appearance of a cut-off arc.
  • Such a shielded station consists of several bays, connected in parallel by a power busbar, and each having in series with the circuit breaker, a bar disconnector (or switch disconnector) and a line feeder.
  • Each apparatus of a span is enclosed in a sealed envelope filled with dielectric gas under pressure to hold a potential difference with a conductor passing through the envelope.
  • a span is therefore composed of several compartments formed by the envelopes of the various electrical devices.
  • An electric arc that occurs between the envelope and the conductor of a compartment of the span is designated by an internal arc.
  • a station protection system is provided for detecting such a defect by means of a measurement of the current flowing through the station.
  • the protection system does not locate the internal arc, so that it is not possible to identify the bay of the station or compartment of this bay in which the internal arc has occurred. .
  • each bay are provided with a pressure sensor for determining the pressure of the dielectric gas which is inside the envelopes. If an internal arc occurs in a compartment, the pressure sensor detects an increase in pressure which makes it possible to identify this compartment.
  • US Pat. No. 5,502,435 discloses a method for monitoring dielectric gas pressure in a circuit breaker in which dielectric gas pressure readings are continuously measured within the circuit breaker casing.
  • the identification of the defective compartment by the increase in pressure does not pose any difficulty in the case of a disconnector or a line feeder of a span.
  • the object of the invention is to discriminate an internal arc of a cut-off arc in a circuit breaker belonging to an electrical station, using a method which applies without restriction to small internal arcs, which is simple to implement and can be implemented on existing posts with a reduced investment.
  • the idea underlying the invention is to consider a certain time between the trip command issued by the protection system and the moment of appearance of the cut-off arc when opening the circuit-breaker.
  • the second pressure value corresponds to a pressure recorded after the tripping order to take into account a mechanical response time of the circuit breaker during which one of the contacts, mobile, moved relative to each other, fixed, but without yet reaching the point of separation.
  • the bow is therefore not yet stretched, so that its contribution to the pressure increase in the envelope is still zero.
  • the first pressure value corresponds to a pressure recorded before the trip order to take into account an electronic response time of the protection system to the appearance of an internal arc. Since the internal arc has not yet occurred, the pressure stored in memory represents the reference pressure of the circuit breaker.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows an electrical station which comprises three bays connected by two sets of bars.
  • FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the pressure increase in the event of a cut-off arc in a circuit breaker of the station represented in FIG. 1, recorded in a test in the absence of an internal arc.
  • FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the pressure increase in the case of an internal arc in the circuit breaker of the station represented in FIG. 1, recorded in a test in the presence of an internal arc.
  • FIG. 1 The method of the invention is implemented, FIG. 1, in a medium or high voltage shielded electrical substation comprising three spans T, here of the single-phase type, interconnected by two sets of bars J1 and J2 and each consisting of a circuit breaker D, a switching disconnector S connected to the busbar and a line start L.
  • These different devices form as many different compartments sealed relative to each other.
  • These compartments each comprise a metal casing filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, for example SF6 sulfur hexafluoride, to hold a potential difference with a conductor C disposed inside the casing.
  • a dielectric gas under pressure for example SF6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • Each circuit breaker comprises two contacts 1 and 3 disposed inside an envelope which is crossed by the conductor C.
  • the envelope of the circuit breaker is filled with a dielectric gas under pressure and a sensor 5 is provided on the envelope to take up the pressure inside the envelope.
  • the pressure value read by a sensor 5 associated with a circuit breaker is supplied to a control unit U which comprises a unit for acquiring and processing the pressure signal for continuous storage of the pressure.
  • the station also comprises a protection system P capable of detecting, by means of three current transformers T 'each arranged at the entrance of a bay inside the departure compartment of line L, the appearance of an internal arc 2 between the envelope and the conductor C of one of the compartments of the station. In response to such detection, it issues a trip command to circuit breakers D which open upon receipt of that command. The trip command is transmitted via a contact control unit 7 1 and 3 of each circuit breaker. Simultaneously, the protection system P transmits a signal 19 to the acquisition and processing unit U in order to recover pressure values recorded prior to the trip order for each of the circuit breakers.
  • the discrimination is based on a comparison between a pressure determined after the trip command and a predetermined pressure stored before this order.
  • An internal arc is identified in the circuit breaker by a posterior pressure higher than the stored pressure, and a cutoff arc, by a tie between the two pressures.
  • the comparison between the two pressures is carried out by the acquisition and processing unit of the control control unit U and generates the information "internal arc" or "cutoff arc” .
  • the time at which the pressure is determined subsequent to the trip command is set by means of a pressure curve recorded at the opening of the circuit breaker.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show an opening chronogram of a circuit-breaker D recorded during a short-circuit current breaking test and an internal arc test.
  • a trip command 15 is sent to the control unit 7 of the circuit breaker contacts so as to simulate the protection system P. It is noted that this system does not belong to the configuration of the test. but is only present in the configurations of a real operation of the station.
  • the cut-off test is carried out in the absence of an internal arc, FIG. 2, then in the presence of an internal arc 2 artificially caused in the circuit-breaker, FIG.
  • the response time of the circuit breaker tested is of the order of 20 milliseconds (ms).
  • an instant 17 is chosen which is offset with respect to the trip command 15 by 20 ms to determine the pressure after this order.
  • the short-circuit current cut-off test therefore makes it possible, by means of the pressure curve corroborated by the current curve, to set the instant of determination of the pressure after the tripping order for each circuit-breaker. or each type of circuit breaker having the same mechanism for moving the movable contact relative to the fixed contact.
  • the protection system of the substation has its own response time which is a function of its electronics and which is usually of the order of 10 milliseconds.
  • response time which is a function of its electronics and which is usually of the order of 10 milliseconds.
  • the memory of the acquisition and processing unit comprises a stack of instantaneous pressures indexed chronologically for 100 ms.
  • the acquisition unit extracts from the stack of the memory the first instantaneous stored pressure, ie that stored at -100 ms, in order to be able to compare it with the pressure determined after the tripping order.
  • the pressure determined at instant -100 ms is equal to the pressure determined at the instant +20 ms with respect to the tripping order 15.
  • the method makes it possible to conclude that the internal arc at the origin of the trip command issued by the protection system has not occurred in the circuit breaker which has this equal pressure.
  • the pressure determined at instant -100 ms is less than the pressure determined at the instant +20 ms with respect to the tripping order 15.
  • the instant of effective separation of the contacts after the trip command is accessed by means of an electrical continuity measurement curve between the contacts 1 and 3 of the circuit breaker, which the 'we acquire and visualize by example using an oscilloscope having two channels connected one to the contacts 1 and 3 in series, the other to the tripping order 15.
  • the test is conducted off, so without internal arc or arc of cut. It mainly makes it possible to determine the mechanical response time of the circuit breaker under test, by determining when the separation of the contacts is recorded.
  • the time at which the pressure is determined subsequent to the tripping order is determined before the appearance of the corresponding electrical disturbance. effective separation of contacts.
  • the pressure sensor mounted on each circuit breaker envelope has a response time much shorter than the mechanical response time of the circuit breaker or the electronic response time of the protection system.
  • a response time of a few milliseconds is acceptable for the implementation of the method.
  • the pressure sensor has a resolution of the order of ten thousandths, typically 0.05%.
  • the method according to the invention identifies an internal arc having a relative difference of the posterior and anterior pressures of 0.5% with a relative uncertainty of 10%.
  • Such a resolution makes it possible to discriminate weak internal arcs of a cutoff arc.
  • the pressure curve is reconstructed from an instantaneous pressure signal which is filtered by frequency conversion and sampled every 20 ms. In this way, any disturbance at 50Hz is eliminated, which provides a security against the inductive couplings between the current of the circuit breaker and the signal of the pressure sensor.
  • the method uses a pressure sensor which is most often already present on the circuit breakers to fulfill other functions, such as monitoring a leakage rate of the dielectric gas out of the envelope. The same goes for the protection system. Investment in material resources is therefore reduced.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Verfahren zum Unterscheiden eines internen Lichtbogens (2) von einem Abschaltlichtbogen, die in einem Schaltergehäuse (D) eines abgeschirmten Mittel- bzw. Hochspannungsschaltfeldes auftreten, mit Hilfe von Druckmessungen von dielektrischem Gas innerhalb des Schaltergehäuses, wobei das Auftreten eines internen Lichtbogens von einem Schutzsystem (P) erfasst wird, welches in Reaktion darauf dem Schalter einen Auslösebefehl (15) überträgt, um die Trennung seiner Kontakte (1, 3) zu bewirken, wobei diese Trennung das Auftreten eines Abschaltlichtbogens hervorruft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es folgende Schritte umfasst:
    - Durchführen von kontinuierlichen Druckmessungen von dielektrischem Gas innerhalb des Schaltergehäuses,
    - Aufzeichnen der Druckmessungen, um später zum Zeitpunkt der Übertragung des Auslösebefehls (15) einen ersten Druckwert, der vor dem genannten Zeitpunkt gemessen wurde, wieder aufzurufen,
    - Vergleichen des ersten Druckwerts mit einem zweiten Druckwert, der nach dem genannten Zeitpunkt gemessen wurde, um zu erkennen, dass dann, wenn der zweite Wert über dem ersten Wert liegt, der interne Lichtbogen in dem Schaltergehäuse aufgetreten ist, oder dass dann, wenn diese beiden Druckwerte gleich sind, der interne Lichtbogen im Schaltergehäuse nicht aufgetreten ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei der zweite Druckwert einem Druck entspricht, der vor der Trennung der Kontakte (1, 3) des Schalters gemessen wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der erste Druckwert einem Druck entspricht, der vor dem Zeitpunkt zum Übertragen des Auslösebefehls (15) gemessen wird, abzüglich zumindest der Reaktionszeit des Schutzsystems.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei ein Dichtemesser (5) verwendet wird, um den Druck von dielektrischem Gas innerhalb des Schaltergehäuses zu messen.
EP99402246A 1998-09-15 1999-09-13 Unterscheidungsverfahren eines internen Fehlerlichtbogen von einem Schaltlichtbogen in einem Mittel oder Hochspannungsschaltgerät Expired - Lifetime EP0987727B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9811477A FR2783348B1 (fr) 1998-09-15 1998-09-15 Methode de discrimination entre un arc interne et un arc de coupure dans un disjoncteur de moyenne ou de haute tension
FR9811477 1998-09-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0987727A1 EP0987727A1 (de) 2000-03-22
EP0987727B1 true EP0987727B1 (de) 2007-04-25

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EP99402246A Expired - Lifetime EP0987727B1 (de) 1998-09-15 1999-09-13 Unterscheidungsverfahren eines internen Fehlerlichtbogen von einem Schaltlichtbogen in einem Mittel oder Hochspannungsschaltgerät

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US (1) US6236548B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0987727B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4757968B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100639271B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1135586C (de)
AT (1) ATE360878T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2281779C (de)
DE (1) DE69935890T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2783348B1 (de)
MY (1) MY130257A (de)
SG (1) SG83153A1 (de)
TW (1) TW445690B (de)

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FR2810445B1 (fr) * 2000-06-19 2002-07-26 Alstom Procede de synchronisation de la commutation d'un disjoncteur avec l'onde de tension
US7035068B2 (en) * 2003-12-05 2006-04-25 Eaton Corporation Apparatus and method employing an optical fiber for closed-loop feedback detection of arcing faults
US7787113B2 (en) * 2006-05-19 2010-08-31 Siemens Industry, Inc. Method for optically detecting an electrical arc in a power supply
US7736529B2 (en) * 2007-10-12 2010-06-15 Honeywell International Inc Azeotrope-like compositions containing sulfur hexafluoride and uses thereof
US8040517B1 (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-10-18 General Electric Company Arc flash detection system and method
FR2961910B1 (fr) * 2010-06-23 2012-08-17 Areva T & D Sas Procede de localisation d'arc interne dans une ligne a isolation gazeuse et dispositif associe
RU2013144196A (ru) 2011-03-02 2015-04-10 Франклин Фьюэлинг Системз, Инк. Система отслеживания плотности газа
IN2014DN07676A (de) 2012-02-20 2015-05-15 Franklin Fueling Systems Inc
US9343880B2 (en) * 2012-04-28 2016-05-17 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Modular subsea electrical distribution system having subsea cable harness assembly and method for assembling same
FR3001838B1 (fr) 2013-02-06 2015-03-20 Alstom Technology Ltd Dispositif de traitement de signal dans une installation electrique
ES2804613T3 (es) * 2014-09-29 2021-02-08 Abb Schweiz Ag Método y dispositivo para monitorizar un interruptor del circuito
EP3931037A1 (de) * 2019-02-28 2022-01-05 ABB Schweiz AG Verbinder für stromversorgungsgerät eines elektrofahrzeugs
CN111610008B (zh) * 2020-04-20 2021-12-03 国网山东省电力公司青岛供电公司 利用sf6气体压强检测断路器机械特性的方法及系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6236548B1 (en) 2001-05-22
KR100639271B1 (ko) 2006-10-27
DE69935890T2 (de) 2008-01-17
KR20000023115A (ko) 2000-04-25
DE69935890D1 (de) 2007-06-06
TW445690B (en) 2001-07-11
CA2281779A1 (fr) 2000-03-15
JP2000090783A (ja) 2000-03-31
JP4757968B2 (ja) 2011-08-24
CA2281779C (fr) 2004-06-15
CN1135586C (zh) 2004-01-21
ATE360878T1 (de) 2007-05-15
SG83153A1 (en) 2001-09-18
FR2783348B1 (fr) 2000-10-13
FR2783348A1 (fr) 2000-03-17
CN1259752A (zh) 2000-07-12
MY130257A (en) 2007-06-29
EP0987727A1 (de) 2000-03-22

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