EP0984529B1 - Hook commutator for an electric machine - Google Patents
Hook commutator for an electric machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0984529B1 EP0984529B1 EP99117118A EP99117118A EP0984529B1 EP 0984529 B1 EP0984529 B1 EP 0984529B1 EP 99117118 A EP99117118 A EP 99117118A EP 99117118 A EP99117118 A EP 99117118A EP 0984529 B1 EP0984529 B1 EP 0984529B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- commutator
- hook
- sliding surface
- brush sliding
- plane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/04—Commutators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/32—Connections of conductor to commutator segment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hook commutator for an electrical machine according to claim 1.
- commutators of a known type (DE-A-3 308 658), they are used for energizing provided brushes to be ground over the lamellae Distributed outer circumference of an insulating material hub with which the commutator is held on a rotor shaft.
- the slats are on its radial inside, preferably in one piece molded claws, in the molding compound of the insulating hub anchored.
- each one axial end they go Slats on the edge of the actual brush grinding surface in Commutator hooks over, initially from the brush grinding plane or anchoring level so that them with at least one winding wire across the commutator to be energized rotor winding and the then with the winding wire in the direction the level of the brush grinding surface or anchoring level are bent so that the unbent commutator hook with the threaded ends of the winding part of the axial Determine the extent of the entire hook and slat arrangement.
- the axial length that can be used for a brush grinding surface may be further restricted by the fact that for manufacturing processing necessary calibration tool not until immediately is in front of the commutator hook.
- the manufacture is simple the axial installation of the commutator and thus the axial one Total size of the electrical equipped with the hook commutator Machine can be reduced in a simple manner; such more compact electrical without reducing engine power Machines are particularly suitable for lifting hydraulic pumps in automotive anti-lock braking systems.
- the inventive design of a hook commutator can the entire free end of the bent hook end as Brush grinding surface used and thus constant otherwise remaining engine power around the electrical machine the axial length can be shortened, which is known Case for fixing and contacting the winding wire to the axially adjoining lamella and for processing the brush grinding surface is necessary.
- the brush grinding surface is expediently located according to the invention formed from the free ends of the commutator hook Slats parallel radially to an anchoring level which can be anchored to the commutator hook on the circumference of the insulating material hub are, initially from the anchorage level protruding free ends after wrapping at least one Winding wire in the parallel brush grinding surface below simultaneous definition of the winding wire are folded or bent.
- FIG. 1 shows a conventional commutator with an insulating material hub 8 and a radially inner rotor shaft opening 8.1 for connection to a rotor shaft, not shown here an electrical machine; on the outer circumference of the insulating material hub 8 are distributed over the circumference in the tangential direction axially extending slats insulated from each other, of which two slats 9, 10 are shown in section are.
- the slats 9, 10 are formed on barbs in the insulating material hub 8 and are anchored by brushes 4; 5 in the area of their brush grinding surface 4.1; 5.1 when the Ground the rotor shaft in the circumferential direction.
- Commutator hooks 2, 3 are in one anchoring level 2.2; 3.2 on the circumference of an insulating material hub 1 with a rotor shaft opening 1.1 anchored via barbs 2.3; 2.4 or 3.3; 3.4 and are each at their other free ends as a lamella 2.1; 3.1 trained. In FIG 2 this is shown as a lamella 2.1; 3.1 trained free end of the commutator hooks 2; 3 so at an angle to the anchoring plane 2.2; 3.2 that simple Way a winding wire 6; 7 for fixing and contacting with the respective lamella 2; 3 - as shown in FIG 3 - is loopable.
- the lamellae 2.1; 3.1 are expediently provided free ends of the commutator hooks 2, 3 are formed or have such an axial length that as a brush grinding surface 4.1; 5.1 of the brushes 4; 5 the entire axial length the insulating hub 1 can be used; this way and Way can with otherwise the same data of the electrical machine the axial outside installation space of the commutator Shorten length, which in the known case according to FIG only the winding wire fixation and winding wire contacting serving commutator hooks 9.1; 10.1 and for one minimum safety distance required when turning off the brush grinding surface the commutator hook 2; 3 is specified; such a safety distance is - as from the illustration 4 can be seen - not necessary according to the invention, since the winding wire 6; 7 radially below the brush grinding surface 4.1; 5.1 fixable and the slats 2.1; 3.1 are rotatable over their entire axial length.
- a formed by the invention as lamellae and bent free ends of the commutator hooks may resulting slight radial enlargement of the installation space and thereby u.U. necessary shortening of the brushes when required after a constant radial width, this has a particular effect then not off if the commutator is only for a short-time operation electric motor drive to be used, in particular as a hydraulic pump drive for an anti-lock braking system, is provided.
Landscapes
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Haken-Kommutator für eine elektrische Maschine gemäß Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a hook commutator for an electrical machine according to claim 1.
Bei Kommutatoren bekannter Art (DE-A-3 308 658) sind die von zur Bestromung vorgesehenen Bürsten zu beschleifenden Lamellen über den Außenumfang einer Isolierstoffnabe verteilt, mit der der Kommutator auf einer Rotorwelle gehalten ist. Die Lamellen sind an ihrer radialen Innenseite, vorzugsweise durch einstückig angeformte Krallen, in der Preßstoffmasse der Isolierstoffnabe verankert. An ihrem jeweils einem axialen Ende gehen die Lamellen randseitig zur eigentlichen Bürstenschleiffläche in Kommutator-Haken über, die zunächst von der Bürstenschleifflächen-Ebene bzw. Verankerungs-Ebene derart abstehen, daß sie mit zumindest einem Wicklungsdraht der über den Kommutator zu bestromenden Rotorwicklung umwickelbar sind und die anschließend unter Festlegung des Wicklungsdrahtes in Richtung der Ebene der Bürstenschleiffläche bzw. Verankerungsebene derart umgebogen sind, daß die ungebogenen Kommutator-Haken mit den eingefädelten Wicklungsenden einen Teil der axialen Ausdehnung der gesamten Haken-Lamellen-Anordnung bestimmen. Die für eine Bürstenschleiffläche nutzbare axiale Länge wird u.U. dadurch weiter eingeschränkt, daß ein zur Fertigungsbearbeitung notwendiges Abdrehwerkzeug nicht bis unmittelbar vor den Kommutator-Haken führbar ist.In the case of commutators of a known type (DE-A-3 308 658), they are used for energizing provided brushes to be ground over the lamellae Distributed outer circumference of an insulating material hub with which the commutator is held on a rotor shaft. The slats are on its radial inside, preferably in one piece molded claws, in the molding compound of the insulating hub anchored. At each one axial end they go Slats on the edge of the actual brush grinding surface in Commutator hooks over, initially from the brush grinding plane or anchoring level so that them with at least one winding wire across the commutator to be energized rotor winding and the then with the winding wire in the direction the level of the brush grinding surface or anchoring level are bent so that the unbent commutator hook with the threaded ends of the winding part of the axial Determine the extent of the entire hook and slat arrangement. The axial length that can be used for a brush grinding surface may be further restricted by the fact that for manufacturing processing necessary calibration tool not until immediately is in front of the commutator hook.
Gemäß Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung soll bei einfacher Fertigung der axiale Einbau des Kommutators und somit die axiale Gesamtgröße der mit dem Haken-Kommutator ausgestatteten elektrischen Maschine auf einfache Weise vermindert werden; derartige ohne Reduzierung der Motorleistung kompaktere elektrische Maschinen eignen sich insbesondere zum Auftrieb von Hydraulikpumpen in Kraftfahrzeug-Antiblockiersystemen. In accordance with the object of the present invention, the manufacture is simple the axial installation of the commutator and thus the axial one Total size of the electrical equipped with the hook commutator Machine can be reduced in a simple manner; such more compact electrical without reducing engine power Machines are particularly suitable for lifting hydraulic pumps in automotive anti-lock braking systems.
Die Lösung der vorgenannten Aufgabe gelingt erfindungsgemäß durch einen Haken-Kommutator gemäß Patentanspruch 1; vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind jeweils Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The above object is achieved according to the invention by a hook commutator according to claim 1; advantageous Embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of subclaims.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung eines Haken-Kommutators kann das gesamte freie Ende des umgebogenen Hakenende als Bürstenschleiffläche ausgenutzt und somit bei ansonsten konstant bleibender Motorleistung die elektrische Maschine um die axiale Baulänge verkürzt ausgeführt werden, die im bekannten Fall zur Festlegung und Kontaktierung des Wicklungsdrahtes an die sich axial anschließende Lamelle sowie zur Bearbeitung der Bürstenschleiffläche notwendig ist.The inventive design of a hook commutator can the entire free end of the bent hook end as Brush grinding surface used and thus constant otherwise remaining engine power around the electrical machine the axial length can be shortened, which is known Case for fixing and contacting the winding wire to the axially adjoining lamella and for processing the brush grinding surface is necessary.
Zweckmäßigerweise liegt die Bürstenschleiffläche der erfindungsgemäß aus den freien Enden der Kommutator-Haken gebildeten Lamellen parallel radial zu einer Verankerungsebene mit der die Kommutator-Haken am Umfang der Isolierstoffnabe verankerbar sind, wobei die zunächst von der Verankerungsebene abstehenden freien Enden nach Umschlingung zumindest eines Wicklungsdrahtes in die parallele Bürstenschleiffläche unter gleichzeitiger Festlegung des umschlingenden Wicklungsdrahtes umgelegt bzw. umgebogen sind.The brush grinding surface is expediently located according to the invention formed from the free ends of the commutator hook Slats parallel radially to an anchoring level which can be anchored to the commutator hook on the circumference of the insulating material hub are, initially from the anchorage level protruding free ends after wrapping at least one Winding wire in the parallel brush grinding surface below simultaneous definition of the winding wire are folded or bent.
Die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gemäß Merkmalen der Unteransprüche werden im folgenden anhand eines schematischen Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung näher erläutert; darin zeigen:
- FIG 1
- einen herkömmlichen Haken-Kommutator;
- FIG 2
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Kommutator mit abstehendem Hakenende ohne Wicklungsdraht;
- FIG 3
- den Kommutator gemäß FIG 2 mit Wicklungsdraht;
- FIG 4
- den Kommutator gemäß FIG 3 mit als Lamelle in die Ebene der Bürstenschleiffläche abgebogenem Hakenende.
- FIG. 1
- a conventional hook commutator;
- FIG 2
- a commutator according to the invention with a protruding hook end without winding wire;
- FIG 3
- the commutator according to FIG 2 with winding wire;
- FIG 4
- the commutator according to FIG 3 with a hook end bent as a lamella in the plane of the brush grinding surface.
FIG 1 zeigt einen herkömmlichen Kommutator mit einer Isolierstoffnabe 8 und einer radial inneren Rotor-Wellenöffnung 8.1 zur Verbindung mit einer hier nicht dargestellten Rotorwelle einer elektrischen Maschine; am Außenumfang der Isolierstoffnabe 8 sind über den Umfang verteilt in tangentialer Richtung gegeneinander isolierte, axial verlaufende Lamellen fixiert, von denen hier zwei Lamellen 9;10 im Schnitt dargestellt sind. Die Lamellen 9;10 sind über angeformte Widerhaken in der Isolierstoffnabe 8 verankert und werden von Bürsten 4;5 im Bereich ihrer Bürstenschleiffläche 4.1;5.1 bei Drehung der Rotorwelle in Umfangsrichtung beschliffen. Der außerhalb der Bürsten 4;5 liegende axiale Bereich der Lamellen 9;10 wird für Kommutator-Haken 9.1;10.1 benötigt, die als abstehende Enden zurückgebogen sind und zur Umschlingung bzw. Fixierung und Kontaktierung zumindest eines Wicklungsdrahtes 6 bzw.7 dienen. Zur Herstellung einer betriebsstörungsfreien, insbesondere durch hohe Laufruhe ausgezeichneten, Bürstenschleiffläche wird die Lamellenoberfläche bei der Fertigung des Motors abgedreht, was in FIG 1 durch einen entsprechenden radialen Absatz angedeutet ist; da das Werkzeug für diesen Abdrehvorgang nicht axial bis unmittelbar an das freie Ende des Kommutatorhakens herangeführt werden kann, ist ein axialer Abstand zu halten, der im bekannten Fall die axiale Baulänge des Kommutators zusätzlich vergrößert.1 shows a conventional commutator with an insulating material hub 8 and a radially inner rotor shaft opening 8.1 for connection to a rotor shaft, not shown here an electrical machine; on the outer circumference of the insulating material hub 8 are distributed over the circumference in the tangential direction axially extending slats insulated from each other, of which two slats 9, 10 are shown in section are. The slats 9, 10 are formed on barbs in the insulating material hub 8 and are anchored by brushes 4; 5 in the area of their brush grinding surface 4.1; 5.1 when the Ground the rotor shaft in the circumferential direction. The outside of the Brushes 4; 5 lying axial area of the slats 9; 10 required for commutator hooks 9.1; 10.1 that stand out Ends are bent back and for looping or fixing and contacting at least one winding wire 6 or 7 serve. To produce a trouble-free, in particular excellent grinding smoothness thanks to the brush grinding surface becomes the lamella surface during the manufacture of the motor turned off, which in FIG 1 by a corresponding radial Paragraph is indicated; because the tool for this calibration process not axially to the free end of the Commutator hook can be introduced is an axial To keep the distance, in the known case, the axial length of the commutator also enlarged.
FIG 2 bis 4 zeigen jeweils einen erfindungsgemäßen Haken-Kommutator. Kommutator-Haken 2;3 sind in einer Verankerungsebene 2.2;3.2 am Umfang einer Isoierstoffnabe 1 mit einer Rotor-Wellenöffnung 1.1 über Widerhaken 2.3;2.4 bzw. 3.3;3.4 verankert und sind an ihren anderen freien Enden jeweils als Lamelle 2.1;3.1 ausgebildet. In FIG 2 steht das als Lamelle 2.1;3.1 ausgebildete freie Ende der Kommutator-Haken 2;3 derart im Winkel zur Verankerungsebene 2.2;3.2, daß auf einfache Weise ein Wicklungsdraht 6;7 zur Fixierung und Kontaktierung mit der jeweiligen Lamelle 2;3 - wie in FIG 3 dargestellt - umschlingbar ist. 2 to 4 each show a hook commutator according to the invention. Commutator hooks 2, 3 are in one anchoring level 2.2; 3.2 on the circumference of an insulating material hub 1 with a rotor shaft opening 1.1 anchored via barbs 2.3; 2.4 or 3.3; 3.4 and are each at their other free ends as a lamella 2.1; 3.1 trained. In FIG 2 this is shown as a lamella 2.1; 3.1 trained free end of the commutator hooks 2; 3 so at an angle to the anchoring plane 2.2; 3.2 that simple Way a winding wire 6; 7 for fixing and contacting with the respective lamella 2; 3 - as shown in FIG 3 - is loopable.
FIG 4 zeigt den betriebsfähigen Haken-Kommutator mit derart in die Ebene der Bürstenschleiffläche umgebogenen Lamellen 2.1;3.1, daß diese parallel zur Umfangsfläche der Isolierstoffnabe 1 verlaufen und somit von Bürsten 4;5 in ansonsten üblicher Weise beschleifbar sind.4 shows the operable hook commutator with such slats bent into the plane of the brush grinding surface 2.1; 3.1 that this parallel to the peripheral surface of the insulating hub 1 run and thus from brushes 4; 5 in otherwise can be ground in the usual way.
Zweckmäßigerweise sind die als Lamellen 2.1;3.1 vorgesehenen freien Enden der Kommutator-Haken 2;3 derart ausgebildet bzw. weisen eine derartige axiale Länge auf, daß als Bürstenschleiffläche 4.1;5.1 der Bürsten 4;5 die gesamte axiale Länge der Isolierstoffnabe 1 ausnutzbar ist; auf diese Art und Weise läßt sich bei sonst gleichen Daten der elektrischen Maschine der axiale Ausseneinbauraum des Kommutators um die Länge verkürzen, die im bekannten Fall gemäß FIG 1 von den lediglich der Wicklungsdrahtfixierung und Wicklungsdrahtkontaktierung dienenden Kommutator-Haken 9.1;10.1 und für einen beim Abdrehen der Bürstenschleiffläche notwendigen Mindest-Sicherheitsabstand zum Kommutator-Haken 2;3 vorgegeben ist; ein solcher Sicherheitsabstand ist - wie auch aus der Darstellung gemäß FIG 4 ersichtlich - erfindungsgemäß nicht notwendig, da der Wicklungsdraht 6;7 radial unterhalb der Bürstenschleiffläche 4.1;5.1 fixierbar und die Lamellen 2.1;3.1 über ihre gesamte axiale Länge abdrehbar sind.The lamellae 2.1; 3.1 are expediently provided free ends of the commutator hooks 2, 3 are formed or have such an axial length that as a brush grinding surface 4.1; 5.1 of the brushes 4; 5 the entire axial length the insulating hub 1 can be used; this way and Way can with otherwise the same data of the electrical machine the axial outside installation space of the commutator Shorten length, which in the known case according to FIG only the winding wire fixation and winding wire contacting serving commutator hooks 9.1; 10.1 and for one minimum safety distance required when turning off the brush grinding surface the commutator hook 2; 3 is specified; such a safety distance is - as from the illustration 4 can be seen - not necessary according to the invention, since the winding wire 6; 7 radially below the brush grinding surface 4.1; 5.1 fixable and the slats 2.1; 3.1 are rotatable over their entire axial length.
Ein durch die erfindungsgemäß als Lamellen ausgebildeten und abgebogenen freien Enden der Kommutator-Haken u.U. sich ergebende geringe radiale Vergrößerung des Einbauraums und dadurch u.U. notwendige Verkürzung der Bürsten bei Forderung nach konstanter radialer Bauweite wirkt sich insbesondere dann nicht aus, wenn der Kommutator für einen nur in Kurzzeitbetrieb einzusetzenden elektrischen Motorantrieb, insbesondere als Hydraulikpumpenantrieb für ein Antiblockierbremssystem, vorgesehen ist.A formed by the invention as lamellae and bent free ends of the commutator hooks may resulting slight radial enlargement of the installation space and thereby u.U. necessary shortening of the brushes when required after a constant radial width, this has a particular effect then not off if the commutator is only for a short-time operation electric motor drive to be used, in particular as a hydraulic pump drive for an anti-lock braking system, is provided.
Claims (5)
- Hook commutator for an electrical machinehaving laminates which are distributed over the circumference of the commutator and on which brushes (4; 5) can slide on a brush sliding surface (4.1; 5.1),having commutator hooks (2; 3), which are integrally formed on the laminates on the edges of the brush sliding surface (4.1; 5.1) and of an anchoring plane (2.2; 3.2) of the laminates in the commutator, for holding at least one winding wire (6; 7),with the commutator hooks (2; 3) being designed such that they are formed with free ends, which project from the anchoring plane (2.2; 3.2) as laminates (2.1; 3.1) on which the brushes (4; 5) slide, and are moved to the same plane as the brush sliding surface (4.1; 5.1).
- Hook commutator according to Claim 1having commutator hooks (2; 3) which can in each case be bent around into the plane of the brush sliding surface (4.1; 5.1) once the at least one winding wire (6; 7) has been accommodated, in particular looped around.
- Hook commutator according to Claim 1 and/or 2in which the plane of the brush sliding surface (4.1; 5.1) is essentially parallel to the anchoring plane (2.2; 3.2).
- Hook commutator according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3with the free end of the commutator hook (2; 3) in each case being formed, in the sense of a laminate (2.1; 3.1), with a brush sliding surface (4.1; 5.1) which radially covers the holder for the winding wire (6; 7).
- Hook commutator according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4with the free end of the commutator hook (2; 3) in each case being formed, in the sense of a laminate (2.1; 3.1), with a brush sliding surface (4.1; 5.1) which extends over the entire axial length of the commutator.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19839989 | 1998-09-02 | ||
| DE19839989A DE19839989C2 (en) | 1998-09-02 | 1998-09-02 | Hook commutator for an electrical machine |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0984529A2 EP0984529A2 (en) | 2000-03-08 |
| EP0984529A3 EP0984529A3 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
| EP0984529B1 true EP0984529B1 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
Family
ID=7879563
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99117118A Expired - Lifetime EP0984529B1 (en) | 1998-09-02 | 1999-08-31 | Hook commutator for an electric machine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0984529B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19839989C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2172278T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3781981A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1974-01-01 | Nippon Denko | Method for making armature-commutator assembly having armature winding of very small diameter |
| GB1506386A (en) * | 1974-03-12 | 1978-04-05 | Scott G & Co Ltd | Commutators |
| JPS63164362U (en) * | 1987-04-14 | 1988-10-26 | ||
| JP2904623B2 (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1999-06-14 | アスモ株式会社 | Commutator for small motor and method of manufacturing the same |
| DE19654381A1 (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-06-25 | Mannesmann Vdo Ag | Electrical motor with tapered commutator e.g. for motor vehicle technology |
-
1998
- 1998-09-02 DE DE19839989A patent/DE19839989C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-08-31 EP EP99117118A patent/EP0984529B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-31 ES ES99117118T patent/ES2172278T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-31 DE DE59900618T patent/DE59900618D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19839989C2 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
| DE19839989A1 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
| EP0984529A3 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
| EP0984529A2 (en) | 2000-03-08 |
| ES2172278T3 (en) | 2002-09-16 |
| DE59900618D1 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
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