EP0978649B1 - Fuel injection nozzle - Google Patents

Fuel injection nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0978649B1
EP0978649B1 EP99115711A EP99115711A EP0978649B1 EP 0978649 B1 EP0978649 B1 EP 0978649B1 EP 99115711 A EP99115711 A EP 99115711A EP 99115711 A EP99115711 A EP 99115711A EP 0978649 B1 EP0978649 B1 EP 0978649B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
insert
fuel
nozzle
nozzle needle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99115711A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0978649A3 (en
EP0978649A2 (en
Inventor
Hakan Yalcin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0978649A2 publication Critical patent/EP0978649A2/en
Publication of EP0978649A3 publication Critical patent/EP0978649A3/en
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Publication of EP0978649B1 publication Critical patent/EP0978649B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/46—Valves, e.g. injectors, with concentric valve bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines that mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 Art.
  • a fuel injector is from the DE 41 15 457 A1 and EP-A 0 054 612.
  • the known fuel injection nozzle has a nozzle body with a dome with two axially spaced rows of injection holes on.
  • a nozzle needle is axial in the nozzle body movably arranged, with a conical surface at the top the nozzle needle the fuel path to an upper row of Selectively releases and blocks injection holes.
  • an insert body is provided in the nozzle needle is axially movable relative to the nozzle needle and the one cone body has that in the axial direction from the top of the Nozzle needle protrudes, with the injection valve in the closed state the conical surface of the nozzle needle in the direction of flow the fuel in front of the first, upper row of injection holes rests on the inside of the tip of the nozzle body and the cone body between the first, upper row of Injection holes and the second, lower row of injection holes on the inside of the tip of the nozzle body is applied.
  • a stop area is provided on the insert body which the nozzle needle takes off after a predetermined stroke is movable in the system.
  • the invention is based on the object in the preamble of claim 1 fuel injector so to design that a simple constructive structure achieved becomes.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention has the advantage that the maximum stroke for pilot injection is simple constructive way is achieved.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that both in the pilot injection as well as in the main injection through an optimally adapted spray hole diameter the beam processing can be improved.
  • the type of stroke limitation for pilot injection enables an exact dosage of the pilot injection quantity.
  • the total improved beam preparation and the more controllable Combustion process leads to fewer pollutants in the exhaust gas, to lower fuel consumption and one Reduction of combustion noises.
  • Figure 1 is the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine protruding tip 10 of the nozzle body 12 of a fuel injection nozzle shown enlarged in section.
  • the top 10 of the nozzle body 12 are two axially spaced rows 14, 16 formed by injection holes through which the fuel from the nozzle body 12 under pressure in the combustion chamber of the Internal combustion engine is injected.
  • a nozzle needle 20 is arranged in the nozzle body 12 of the injection valve.
  • the nozzle needle 20 has on it Tip a conical surface 22 with which, if that Injector is closed, above the injection holes on the conical inside 24 of the tip 10 of the nozzle body 12 is present, so that no fuel from the interior 26 of the Nozzle body 12 reaches the injection holes.
  • the interior 26 is with a fuel line, in particular with a Fuel storage connected.
  • the nozzle needle 20 due to increased fuel pressure in the interior 26 of the nozzle body 12 and / or a control the fuel injector lifts off the valve seat, the conical inside 24 of the tip 10 of the nozzle body 12 for the conical surface 22 of the nozzle needle 20, the way for the fuel to the injection holes is cleared. The injection begins and continues until the Nozzle needle 20 back down on the valve seat in the Tip 10 of the injector moves too.
  • An insert body 30 is inserted into the tip of the nozzle needle 20.
  • the cone at the tip of the nozzle needle 20 is for this cut off at right angles to the axis of the nozzle needle 20, and the nozzle needle 20 has a cut off tip Recess extending axially into the nozzle needle 20 on.
  • the relatively short insert body 30 is regarding the nozzle needle 20 inserted axially movable in this recess; it points one out of the nozzle needle 20 in the axial direction protruding cone body 32 and one located in the nozzle needle 20 Guide 34 on.
  • the insert body 30 is one Actuated spring 36, which is arranged in a recess 75 is and the insert body 30 in the axial direction from the nozzle needle 20 pushed out.
  • the insert body 30 has a radially circumferential second Pressure area 84 on the in the closed position of the insert body 30 at the level of the top row 14 of injection holes is arranged.
  • the shape of the second printing surface 84 corresponds essentially to an outward-facing one Cone shape.
  • the conical surface 22 of the nozzle needle 20 is in the closed state of the injection valve above the upper row 14 of injection holes on the conical inside 24 of the top 10 of the Nozzle body 12, that is in the direction of flow of the fuel in front of or above the first, upper row 14 of injection holes.
  • the axially from the nozzle needle 20th protruding insert body 30 lies with its conical body 32 between the upper row 14 and the lower row 16 of the Injection holes on the inside 24 of the tip 10 of the nozzle body 12, wherein the insert body 30 by a distance a pressed against the action of the spring 36 in the nozzle needle 20 is.
  • the conical surface 22 rises the nozzle needle 20 by the one acting on the nozzle body 12 Fuel pressure from the inside 24 of the top 10 of the Nozzle body 12 from. If the conical surface 22 of the nozzle needle 20 begins to lift off from the inside 24 of the crest 10, remains due to the action of the spring 36 (and possibly additionally due to the rear of the cone body 32 acting fuel pressure) of the cone body 32 of the insert body 30 on the inner surface 24 in plant. The fuel can thus past the conical surface 22 only up to the top row 14 of the injection holes. About these injection holes the pilot injection takes place. During the pilot injection remains the lower row 16 of the injection holes closed. The shape of the second pressure surface 84 in this position of the insert body 30 ensures that the fuel spreads evenly on the injection holes distributed top row 14.
  • the shoulder 38 comes to the insert body 30 at the stop 39 the nozzle needle 20 to the system.
  • the insert body 30 is subsequently carried along by the movement of the nozzle needle 20.
  • the cone body 32 thereby lifts from the inside 24 the top 10 of the nozzle body 12, so that the path of Fuel to the second, lower row 16 of the injection holes becomes free. The main injection takes place via these injection holes.
  • the shape of the second pressure surface 84 makes the insert body 30 by the flow of fuel caused thereby adjusted in the middle so that a misalignment is avoided. This causes an even supply of fuel for the injection holes of the lower row 16 when the insert body is lifted off 30th
  • the lower row 16 of the injection holes opens accordingly delayed, the extent of the stroke a or Movement of the insert body 30, which determines the deceleration, doses the pilot injection quantity precisely.
  • the spray hole diameter can be used for both pilot injection as well the main injection is precisely adapted and thus the jet preparation be optimized.
  • the geometry is also preferred the injection holes of the upper row 14 to the pilot injection, which represents a pre-injection.
  • the geometry of the injection holes is preferably the lower row 16 adapted to the function of the main injection, the cross-section of the injection holes of the top Row 14 is smaller than the cross section of the injection holes the bottom row 16.
  • Figure 2 shows the overall structure of an injection valve for a Diesel injection system designed as a common rail system is.
  • the nozzle body shown in Figure 1 is shown only schematically in FIG.
  • the nozzle needle 20 is in a second recess 76 in the nozzle body 12 out.
  • the upper end of the nozzle needle 20 is with a coupling rod 74 in connection.
  • the coupling rod 74 is arranged symmetrically in the injection valve.
  • the coupling rod 74 is in the lower area in a stop plate 51 performed, which also the maximum stroke H of the nozzle needle 20 sets.
  • the distance a is smaller than the maximum stroke H and thus distance a defines the maximum stroke of the nozzle needle 20 for the pre-injection.
  • the coupling rod 74 rests on a control piston 52 on, which is arranged in a piston recess 53.
  • the Control piston 52 is sealingly guided in the piston recess 53 and adjoins a control chamber 74 which has a Inlet throttle 55 with a high pressure line 50 and one Flow restrictor 56 communicates with a valve chamber 78.
  • the inlet throttle 55 has a smaller cross section than the flow restrictor 56 on.
  • a closing member 57 is arranged, which of a third spring 79 biased against a sealing seat 80 is.
  • the sealing seat 80 is at the entrance of a drain hole 59 formed, which connects the valve chamber 78 with a return 81.
  • the return 81 is, for example, with the fuel tank in connection.
  • a valve rod 58 is guided in the drain hole 59 is actuated by a piezo actuator 71.
  • the piezo actuator points Control lines 72 on which he from an engine control unit is controllable.
  • the injector works as follows: In the closed position, the piezo actuator 71 is not energized and the closing member 57 rests on the sealing seat 80, so that the same fuel pressure prevails in the control chamber 54 as in the high-pressure line 50, which is connected to a fuel accumulator.
  • the high pressure in the control chamber 54 presses the nozzle needle 20 onto the valve seat on the inside 24 via the control piston 52 and the coupling rod 74.
  • the insert body 30 is also pressed onto the inside 24 by the spring 36. In this position, the upper and lower rows of injection holes 14, 16 are closed.
  • the piezo actuator 71 is energized for the pre-injection. As As a result, the piezo actuator 71 expands and presses over the valve rod 58 the closing member 57 away from the sealing seat 80. Thus, fuel flows from the control chamber 54 via the drain throttle 56 from. At the same time flows through the inlet throttle 55 Fuel too. However, since the cross section of the inlet throttle 55 is smaller than the cross section of the outlet throttle 56, the fuel pressure in the control chamber 54 drops the force decreases from the control chamber 54 to the nozzle needle 20 acts. At the same time lies on a printing surface 82 which in the lower region of the nozzle needle 20 is formed, a high Fuel pressure on. The force on the pressure surface 82 acts the force emanating from the control chamber 54.
  • a second printing surface 84 acts on the upper one Area of the cone body 32, the fuel pressure, which prevails in the interior 26, on the insert body 30 and tries the insert body 30 in the direction of to press the valve seat on the inside 24 of the tip 10.
  • the force also acts on the second pressure surface 84 further lift off the nozzle needle 20 against the valve seat.
  • the nozzle needle 20 remains after a stroke with the Line a stand at shoulder 38 so that the bottom row remains closed by injection holes 16.
  • the switching time of the piezo actuator 71 is for the pre-injection adapted to the pressure conditions and the geometry in such a way that the nozzle needle 20 only by the distance a from the Inside 24 is lifted off and no further movement of the Insert body 30 takes place away from the inside 24.
  • the piezo actuator 71 is energized longer, so the pressure difference between the control chamber 54 and the interior 26 is correspondingly large that the nozzle needle 20 lifted with the insert body 30 from the inside 24 and thus an injection over the top row 14 and the lower row 16 of injection holes.
  • the injection is stopped by the piezo actuator 71 is released and thus shortened and thus the closing member 57 again via the third spring 79 onto the sealing seat 80 is pressed and thus the sequence via the flow restrictor 56 is interrupted.
  • the nozzle needle 20 is at a maximum moves the stroke H up, which is determined by the game between the upper end of the nozzle needle 20 in Closed position and the lower stop surface of the stop plate 51 is present.
  • the nozzle needle is at maximum stroke H. 20 on the stop plate 51.
  • the maximum stroke for the pre-injection by the distance a between the shoulder 38 of the guide 34 and the stop 39 of the Nozzle needle 20 set, the nozzle needle 20 and the Insert insert body 30 on the inside 24.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further shape of the insert body 30 with a Ring recess 40.
  • the insert body 30 has a radial encircling ring recess 40 in the closed position of the insert body 30 at the level of the upper row 14 of Injection holes is arranged.
  • the shape of the ring recess 40 corresponds essentially to one towards the center of the insert body 30 directed cone shape.
  • the part of the cone surface is over the insert body from the surrounding fuel pressure down is pressed towards the inside 24, larger than the part of the cone surface that separates the nozzle needle from the surrounding one Pushes fuel pressure upwards from the inside 24.
  • the insert body is also in this embodiment 30 towards the inside 24 through the surrounding Fuel pressure pressed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für Verbrennungsmotoren der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 genannten Art. Eine solche Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse ist aus der DE 41 15 457 A1 und aus der EP-A 0 054 612 bekannt.The invention relates to a fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines that mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 Art. Such a fuel injector is from the DE 41 15 457 A1 and EP-A 0 054 612.

Die bekannte Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse weist einen Düsenkörper mit einer Kuppe mit zwei axial beabstandeten Reihen von Einspritzlöchern auf. Eine Düsennadel ist im Düsenkörper axial beweglich angeordnet, wobei eine Konusfläche an der Spitze der Düsennadel den Kraftstoffweg zu einer oberen Reihe von Einspritzlöchern selektiv freigibt und sperrt.The known fuel injection nozzle has a nozzle body with a dome with two axially spaced rows of injection holes on. A nozzle needle is axial in the nozzle body movably arranged, with a conical surface at the top the nozzle needle the fuel path to an upper row of Selectively releases and blocks injection holes.

Zudem ist ein Einsatzkörper in der Düsennadel vorgesehen, der relativ zur Düsennadel axial beweglich ist und der einen Kegelkörper aufweist, der in Axialrichtung von der Spitze der Düsennadel vorsteht, wobei im Schließzustand des Einspritzventils die Konusfläche der Düsennadel in Strömungsrichtung des Kraftstoffs vor der ersten, oberen Reihe von Einspritzlöchern an der Innenseite der Kuppe des Düsenkörpers anliegt und der Kegelkörper zwischen der ersten, oberen Reihe von Einspritzlöchern und der zweiten, unteren Reihe von Einspritzlöchern an der Innenseite der Kuppe des Düsenkörpers anliegt.In addition, an insert body is provided in the nozzle needle is axially movable relative to the nozzle needle and the one cone body has that in the axial direction from the top of the Nozzle needle protrudes, with the injection valve in the closed state the conical surface of the nozzle needle in the direction of flow the fuel in front of the first, upper row of injection holes rests on the inside of the tip of the nozzle body and the cone body between the first, upper row of Injection holes and the second, lower row of injection holes on the inside of the tip of the nozzle body is applied.

Zudem ist ein Anschlagbereich am Einsatzkörper vorgesehen, an dem die Düsennadel beim Abheben nach einem vorgegebenen Hub in Anlage bewegbar ist.In addition, a stop area is provided on the insert body which the nozzle needle takes off after a predetermined stroke is movable in the system.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 geschilderte Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse so auszugestalten, daß ein einfacher konstruktiver Aufbau erreicht wird.The invention is based on the object in the preamble of claim 1 fuel injector so to design that a simple constructive structure achieved becomes.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.The object is achieved with the in the characteristics of Features specified claim 1 solved.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse hat den Vorteil, daß der maximale Hub für die Piloteinspritzung auf einfache konstruktive Weise erreicht wird.The fuel injector according to the invention has the advantage that the maximum stroke for pilot injection is simple constructive way is achieved.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments of the fuel injector according to the invention are described in the subclaims.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, daß sowohl bei der Piloteinspritzung als auch bei der Haupteinspritzung durch einen jeweils optimal angepaßten Spritzlochdurchmesser die Strahlaufbereitung verbessert werden kann.Another advantage of the invention is that both in the pilot injection as well as in the main injection through an optimally adapted spray hole diameter the beam processing can be improved.

Die Art der Hubbegrenzung für die Piloteinspritzung ermöglicht eine genaue Dosierung der Piloteinspritzmenge. Die insgesamt verbesserte Strahlaufbereitung und der besser steuerbare Verbrennungsvorgang führt zu weniger Schadstoffen im Abgas, zu einem niedrigeren Kraftstoffverbrauch und zu einer Reduzierung der Verbrennungsgeräusche.The type of stroke limitation for pilot injection enables an exact dosage of the pilot injection quantity. The total improved beam preparation and the more controllable Combustion process leads to fewer pollutants in the exhaust gas, to lower fuel consumption and one Reduction of combustion noises.

Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse werden im folgenden anhand der Figuren erläutert;Embodiments of the fuel injector according to the invention are explained below with reference to the figures;

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Düsenkörper,
Figur 2
ein Einspritzventil und
Figur 3
eine Ausführungsform eines Einsatzkörpers.
Show it:
Figure 1
a nozzle body,
Figure 2
an injector and
Figure 3
an embodiment of an insert body.

In der Figur 1 ist die in den Brennraum eines Verbrennungsmotors ragende Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 einer Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse vergrößert im Schnitt dargestellt. In der Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 sind zwei axial beabstandete Reihen 14, 16 von Einspritzlöchern ausgebildet, über die der Kraftstoff aus dem Düsenkörper 12 unter Druck in den Brennraum des Verbrennungsmotors eingespritzt wird.In Figure 1 is the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine protruding tip 10 of the nozzle body 12 of a fuel injection nozzle shown enlarged in section. In the top 10 of the nozzle body 12 are two axially spaced rows 14, 16 formed by injection holes through which the fuel from the nozzle body 12 under pressure in the combustion chamber of the Internal combustion engine is injected.

Im Düsenkörper 12 des Einspritzventils ist axial beweglich eine Düsennadel 20 angeordnet. Die Düsennadel 20 weist an ihrer Spitze eine Konusfläche 22 auf, mit der sie, wenn das Einspritzventil geschlossen ist, oberhalb der Einspritzlöcher an der kegeligen Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 anliegt, so daß kein Kraftstoff aus dem Innenraum 26 des Düsenkörpers 12 zu den Einspritzlöchern gelangt. Der Innenraum 26 ist mit einer Kraftstoffleitung, insbesondere mit einem Kraftstoffspeicher verbunden.In the nozzle body 12 of the injection valve is axially movable a nozzle needle 20 is arranged. The nozzle needle 20 has on it Tip a conical surface 22 with which, if that Injector is closed, above the injection holes on the conical inside 24 of the tip 10 of the nozzle body 12 is present, so that no fuel from the interior 26 of the Nozzle body 12 reaches the injection holes. The interior 26 is with a fuel line, in particular with a Fuel storage connected.

Wenn die Düsennadel 20 aufgrund eines erhöhten Kraftstoffdrucks im Innenraum 26 des Düsenkörpers 12 und/oder einer Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse von dem Ventilsitz abhebt, den die kegelige Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 für die Konusfläche 22 der Düsennadel 20 bildet, wird der Weg für den Kraftstoff zu den Einspritzlöchern frei. Die Einspritzung beginnt und dauert so lange an, bis sich die Düsennadel 20 wieder nach unten auf den Ventilsitz in der Kuppe 10 des Einspritzventils zu bewegt.If the nozzle needle 20 due to increased fuel pressure in the interior 26 of the nozzle body 12 and / or a control the fuel injector lifts off the valve seat, the conical inside 24 of the tip 10 of the nozzle body 12 for the conical surface 22 of the nozzle needle 20, the way for the fuel to the injection holes is cleared. The injection begins and continues until the Nozzle needle 20 back down on the valve seat in the Tip 10 of the injector moves too.

In die Spitze der Düsennadel 20 ist ein Einsatzkörper 30 eingesetzt. Der Konus an der Spitze der Düsennadel 20 ist dazu rechtwinklig zur Achse der Düsennadel 20 abgeschnitten, und die Düsennadel 20 weist an dieser abgeschnittenen Spitze eine sich axial in die Düsennadel 20 hinein erstreckende Ausnehmung auf. Der relativ kurze Einsatzkörper 30 ist bezüglich der Düsennadel 20 axial beweglich in diese Ausnehmung eingesetzt; er weist einen aus der Düsennadel 20 in Axialrichtung vorstehenden Kegelkörper 32 und eine in der Düsennadel 20 befindliche Führung 34 auf. Der Einsatzkörper 30 wird von einer Feder 36 beaufschlagt, die in einer Ausnehmung 75 angeordnet ist und den Einsatzkörper 30 in Axialrichtung aus der Düsennadel 20 herausdrängt. Diese nach außen gerichtete Bewegung des Einsatzkörpers 30 wird von einer radial nach außen gerichteten Schulter 38 an der Führung 34 begrenzt, die an einem radial nach innen gerichteten Anschlag 39 der Düsennadel 20 zur Anlage kommt. Die Ausnehmung 75 ist über eine Entlastungsbohrung 70, die in der Düsennadel 20 eingebracht ist, mit einem Leckagebereich im Einspritzventil verbunden, in dem geringer Druck herrscht.An insert body 30 is inserted into the tip of the nozzle needle 20. The cone at the tip of the nozzle needle 20 is for this cut off at right angles to the axis of the nozzle needle 20, and the nozzle needle 20 has a cut off tip Recess extending axially into the nozzle needle 20 on. The relatively short insert body 30 is regarding the nozzle needle 20 inserted axially movable in this recess; it points one out of the nozzle needle 20 in the axial direction protruding cone body 32 and one located in the nozzle needle 20 Guide 34 on. The insert body 30 is one Actuated spring 36, which is arranged in a recess 75 is and the insert body 30 in the axial direction from the nozzle needle 20 pushed out. This outward movement of insert body 30 is directed radially outward Shoulder 38 on the guide 34 limited to one radially inward stop 39 of the nozzle needle 20 comes to the plant. The recess 75 is via a relief bore 70, which is introduced into the nozzle needle 20, connected to a leakage area in the injection valve in which there is little pressure.

Der Einsatzkörper 30 weist eine radial umlaufende zweite Druckfläche 84 auf, die in der Schließposition des Einsatzkörpers 30 auf der Höhe der oberen Reihe 14 von Einspritzlöchern angeordnet ist. Die Form der zweiten Druckfläche 84 entspricht im wesentlichen einer nach außen gerichteten gerichteten Konusform.The insert body 30 has a radially circumferential second Pressure area 84 on the in the closed position of the insert body 30 at the level of the top row 14 of injection holes is arranged. The shape of the second printing surface 84 corresponds essentially to an outward-facing one Cone shape.

Die Konusfläche 22 der Düsennadel 20 liegt im Schließzustand des Einspritzventils oberhalb der oberen Reihe 14 von Einspritzlöchern an der kegeligen Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 an, das heißt in Strömungsrichtung des Kraftstoffes vor oder über der ersten, oberen Reihe 14 von Einspritzlöchern. Der in Axialrichtung aus der Düsennadel 20 vorstehende Einsatzkörper 30 liegt mit seinem Kegelkörper 32 zwischen der oberen Reihe 14 und der unteren Reihe 16 der Einspritzlöcher an der Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 an, wobei der Einsatzkörper 30 um eine Strecke a gegen die Wirkung der Feder 36 in die Düsennadel 20 gedrückt ist.The conical surface 22 of the nozzle needle 20 is in the closed state of the injection valve above the upper row 14 of injection holes on the conical inside 24 of the top 10 of the Nozzle body 12, that is in the direction of flow of the fuel in front of or above the first, upper row 14 of injection holes. The axially from the nozzle needle 20th protruding insert body 30 lies with its conical body 32 between the upper row 14 and the lower row 16 of the Injection holes on the inside 24 of the tip 10 of the nozzle body 12, wherein the insert body 30 by a distance a pressed against the action of the spring 36 in the nozzle needle 20 is.

Zu Beginn des Einspritzvorgangs hebt sich die Konusfläche 22 der Düsennadel 20 durch den auf den Düsenkörper 12 einwirkenden Kraftstoffdruck von der Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 ab. Wenn sich die Konusfläche 22 der Düsennadel 20 von der Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 abzuheben beginnt, bleibt aufgrund der Wirkung der Feder 36 (und gegebenenfalls zusätzlich aufgrund des auf die Rückseite des Kegelkörpers 32 einwirkenden Kraftstoffdrucks) der Kegelkörper 32 des Einsatzkörpers 30 an der Innenfläche 24 in Anlage. Der Kraftstoff kann somit an der Konusfläche 22 vorbei nur bis zu der oberen Reihe 14 der Einspritzlöcher gelangen. Über diese Einspritzlöcher erfolgt die Piloteinspritzung. Während der Piloteinspritzung bleibt die untere Reihe 16 der Einspritzlöcher geschlossen. Durch die Form der zweiten Druckfläche 84 wird in dieser Stellung des Einsatzkörpers 30 gewährleistet, daß sich der Kraftstoff gleichmäßig auf die Einspritzlöcher der oberen Reihe 14 verteilt.At the beginning of the injection process, the conical surface 22 rises the nozzle needle 20 by the one acting on the nozzle body 12 Fuel pressure from the inside 24 of the top 10 of the Nozzle body 12 from. If the conical surface 22 of the nozzle needle 20 begins to lift off from the inside 24 of the crest 10, remains due to the action of the spring 36 (and possibly additionally due to the rear of the cone body 32 acting fuel pressure) of the cone body 32 of the insert body 30 on the inner surface 24 in plant. The fuel can thus past the conical surface 22 only up to the top row 14 of the injection holes. About these injection holes the pilot injection takes place. During the pilot injection remains the lower row 16 of the injection holes closed. The shape of the second pressure surface 84 in this position of the insert body 30 ensures that the fuel spreads evenly on the injection holes distributed top row 14.

Wenn sich die Düsennadel 20 in Axialrichtung um die Strecke a von der Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 entfernt hat, kommt die Schulter 38 am Einsatzkörper 30 am Anschlag 39 der Düsennadel 20 zur Anlage. Der Einsatzkörper 30 wird in der Folge von der Bewegung der Düsennadel 20 mitgenommen. Der Kegelkörper 32 hebt dadurch von der Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 des Düsenkörpers 12 ab, so daß der Weg des Kraftstoffs zu der zweiten, unteren Reihe 16 der Einspritzlöcher frei wird. Über diese Einspritzlöcher erfolgt die Haupteinspritzung.If the nozzle needle 20 in the axial direction by the distance a removed from the inside 24 of the tip 10 of the nozzle body 12 has, the shoulder 38 comes to the insert body 30 at the stop 39 the nozzle needle 20 to the system. The insert body 30 is subsequently carried along by the movement of the nozzle needle 20. The cone body 32 thereby lifts from the inside 24 the top 10 of the nozzle body 12, so that the path of Fuel to the second, lower row 16 of the injection holes becomes free. The main injection takes place via these injection holes.

Durch die Form der zweiten Druckfläche 84 wird der Einsatzkörper 30 durch die dadurch bewirkte Strömung des Kraftstoffes mittig justiert, so daß eine Dejustierung vermieden wird. Dies bewirkt eine gleichmäßige Versorgung mit Kraftstoff für die Einspritzlöcher der unteren Reihe 16 bei abgehobenem Einsatzkörper 30.The shape of the second pressure surface 84 makes the insert body 30 by the flow of fuel caused thereby adjusted in the middle so that a misalignment is avoided. This causes an even supply of fuel for the injection holes of the lower row 16 when the insert body is lifted off 30th

Die untere Reihe 16 der Einspritzlöcher öffnet sich demnach verzögert, wobei sich durch das Ausmaß des Hubes a oder der Bewegung des Einsatzkörpers 30, die die Verzögerung bestimmt, die Piloteinspritzmenge genau dosieren läßt. Der Spritzlochdurchmesser kann sowohl für die Piloteinspritzung als auch die Haupteinspritzung exakt angepaßt und damit die Strahlaufbereitung optimiert werden. Vorzugsweise ist auch die Geometrie der Einspritzlöcher der oberen Reihe 14 an die Piloteinspritzung, die eine Voreinspritzung darstellt, angepaßt. Ebenso ist vorzugsweise die Geometrie der Einspritzlöcher der unteren Reihe 16 auf die Funktion der Haupteinspritzung angepaßt, wobei der Querschnitt der Einspritzlöcher der oberen Reihe 14 kleiner ist als der Querschnitt der Einspritzlöcher der unteren Reihe 16.The lower row 16 of the injection holes opens accordingly delayed, the extent of the stroke a or Movement of the insert body 30, which determines the deceleration, doses the pilot injection quantity precisely. The spray hole diameter can be used for both pilot injection as well the main injection is precisely adapted and thus the jet preparation be optimized. The geometry is also preferred the injection holes of the upper row 14 to the pilot injection, which represents a pre-injection. Likewise, the geometry of the injection holes is preferably the lower row 16 adapted to the function of the main injection, the cross-section of the injection holes of the top Row 14 is smaller than the cross section of the injection holes the bottom row 16.

Figur 2 zeigt den Gesamtaufbau eines Einspritzventils für ein Diesel-Einspritzsystem, das als Common-Rail-System ausgebildet ist. Der Düsenkörper, der in Figur 1 dargestellt ist, ist in Figur 2 nur schematisch dargestellt.Figure 2 shows the overall structure of an injection valve for a Diesel injection system designed as a common rail system is. The nozzle body shown in Figure 1 is shown only schematically in FIG.

Die Düsennadel 20 ist in einer zweiten Ausnehmung 76 im Düsenkörper 12 geführt. Das obere Ende der Düsennadel 20 steht mit einer Koppelstange 74 in Verbindung. Die Koppelstange 74 ist mittensymetrisch im Einspritzventil angeordnet. Die Koppelstange 74 ist im unteren Bereich in einer Anschlagplatte 51 geführt, die zugleich den maximalen Hub H der Düsennadel 20 festlegt. Die Strecke a ist kleiner als der maximale Hub H und damit legt die Strecke a den maximalen Hub der Düsennadel 20 für die Voreinspritzung fest.The nozzle needle 20 is in a second recess 76 in the nozzle body 12 out. The upper end of the nozzle needle 20 is with a coupling rod 74 in connection. The coupling rod 74 is arranged symmetrically in the injection valve. The coupling rod 74 is in the lower area in a stop plate 51 performed, which also the maximum stroke H of the nozzle needle 20 sets. The distance a is smaller than the maximum stroke H and thus distance a defines the maximum stroke of the nozzle needle 20 for the pre-injection.

Zwischen der Koppelstange 74 und dem Injektorgehäuse ist eine Schließfeder 73 eingespannt, die die Düsennadel 20 in Richtung auf den Ventilsitz an der Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 vorspannt. Die Koppelstange 74 liegt an einem Steuerkolben 52 an, der in einer Kolbenausnehmung 53 angeordnet ist. Der Steuerkolben 52 ist dichtend in der Kolbenausnehmung 53 geführt und grenzt an eine Steuerkammer 74 an, die über eine Zulaufdrossel 55 mit einer Hochdruckleitung 50 und über eine Ablaufdrossel 56 mit einem Ventilraum 78 in Verbindung steht. Die Zulaufdrossel 55 weist einen kleineren Querschnitt als die Ablaufdrossel 56 auf. There is one between the coupling rod 74 and the injector housing Closing spring 73 clamped, which the nozzle needle 20 in the direction on the valve seat on the inside 24 of the tip 10 biases. The coupling rod 74 rests on a control piston 52 on, which is arranged in a piston recess 53. The Control piston 52 is sealingly guided in the piston recess 53 and adjoins a control chamber 74 which has a Inlet throttle 55 with a high pressure line 50 and one Flow restrictor 56 communicates with a valve chamber 78. The inlet throttle 55 has a smaller cross section than the flow restrictor 56 on.

Im Ventilraum 78 ist ein Schließglied 57 angeordnet, das von einer dritten Feder 79 gegen einen Dichtsitz 80 vorgespannt ist. Der Dichtsitz 80 ist am Eingang einer Ablaufbohrung 59 ausgebildet, die den Ventilraum 78 mit einem Rücklauf 81 verbindet. Der Rücklauf 81 steht beispielsweise mit dem Kraftstofftank in Verbindung.In the valve chamber 78, a closing member 57 is arranged, which of a third spring 79 biased against a sealing seat 80 is. The sealing seat 80 is at the entrance of a drain hole 59 formed, which connects the valve chamber 78 with a return 81. The return 81 is, for example, with the fuel tank in connection.

In der Ablaufbohrung 59 ist eine Ventilstange 58 geführt, die von einem Piezoaktor 71 betätigt wird. Der Piezoaktor weist Steuerleitungen 72 auf, über die er von einem Motorsteuergerät steuerbar ist.A valve rod 58 is guided in the drain hole 59 is actuated by a piezo actuator 71. The piezo actuator points Control lines 72 on which he from an engine control unit is controllable.

Die Funktionsweise des Injektors ist wie folgt:
In der Schließposition ist der Piezoaktor 71 nicht bestromt und das Schließglied 57 liegt am Dichtsitz 80 an, so daß in der Steuerkammer 54 der gleiche Kraftstoffdruck herrscht wie in der Hochdruckleitung 50, die mit einem Kraftstoffspeicher in Verbindung steht. Der hohe Druck in der Steuerkammer 54 drückt über den Steuerkolben 52 und die Koppelstange 74 die Düsennadel 20 auf den Ventilsitz an der Innenseite 24. Der Einsatzkörper 30 wird von der Feder 36 ebenfalls auf die Innenseite 24 gedrückt. In dieser Position sind die obere und die untere Reihe von Einspritzlöchern 14, 16 verschlossen.The injector works as follows:
In the closed position, the piezo actuator 71 is not energized and the closing member 57 rests on the sealing seat 80, so that the same fuel pressure prevails in the control chamber 54 as in the high-pressure line 50, which is connected to a fuel accumulator. The high pressure in the control chamber 54 presses the nozzle needle 20 onto the valve seat on the inside 24 via the control piston 52 and the coupling rod 74. The insert body 30 is also pressed onto the inside 24 by the spring 36. In this position, the upper and lower rows of injection holes 14, 16 are closed.

Für die Voreinspritzung wird der Piezoaktor 71 bestromt. Als Folge davon dehnt sich der Piezoaktor 71 aus und drückt über die Ventilstange 58 das Schließglied 57 vom Dichtsitz 80 weg. Somit fließt Kraftstoff aus der Steuerkammer 54 über die Ablaufdrossel 56 ab. Über die Zulaufdrossel 55 fließt gleichzeitig Kraftstoff zu. Da jedoch der Querschnitt der Zulaufdrossel 55 kleiner ist als der Querschnitt der Ablaufdrossel 56, fällt der Kraftstoffdruck in der Steuerkammer 54. Somit sinkt die Kraft, die von der Steuerkammer 54 auf die Düsennadel 20 wirkt. Zugleich liegt an einer Druckfläche 82, die im unteren Bereich der Düsennadel 20 ausgebildet ist, ein hoher Kraftstoffdruck an. Die Kraft auf die Druckfläche 82 wirkt der Kraft, die von der Steuerkammer 54 ausgeht, entgegen. Sinkt der Druck in der Steuerkammer 54 entsprechend, so wird die Düsennadel 20 vom Ventilsitz an der Innenseite 24 abgehoben. Somit fließt Kraftstoff über die obere Reihe von Einspritzlöchern 14 aus dem Einspritzventil heraus. Die Düsennadel 20 bewegt sich die Strecke a nach oben, bis sie mit dem Anschlag 39 an der Schulter 38 der Führung 34 anliegt.The piezo actuator 71 is energized for the pre-injection. As As a result, the piezo actuator 71 expands and presses over the valve rod 58 the closing member 57 away from the sealing seat 80. Thus, fuel flows from the control chamber 54 via the drain throttle 56 from. At the same time flows through the inlet throttle 55 Fuel too. However, since the cross section of the inlet throttle 55 is smaller than the cross section of the outlet throttle 56, the fuel pressure in the control chamber 54 drops the force decreases from the control chamber 54 to the nozzle needle 20 acts. At the same time lies on a printing surface 82 which in the lower region of the nozzle needle 20 is formed, a high Fuel pressure on. The force on the pressure surface 82 acts the force emanating from the control chamber 54. If the pressure in the control chamber 54 drops accordingly, then the nozzle needle 20 is lifted from the valve seat on the inside 24. Thus, fuel flows through the top row of injection holes 14 out of the injector. The nozzle needle 20, the route a moves upwards until it reaches the Stop 39 rests on the shoulder 38 of the guide 34.

Bei Anlage der Düsennadel 20 an der Schulter 38 hat die Feder 36 keine Wirkung mehr, die die Düsennadel 20 von der Innenseite 24 abheben will. Somit wird in dieser Position die Kraft, die die Düsennadel 20 vom Ventilsitz weg drückt kleiner. Zudem wirkt über eine zweite Druckfläche 84, die am oberen Bereich des Kegelkörpers 32 ausgebildet ist, der Kraftstoffdruck, der im Innenraum 26 herrscht, auf den Einsatzkörper 30 ein und versucht den Einsatzkörper 30 in Richtung auf den Ventilsitz an der Innenseite 24 der Kuppe 10 zu drücken.When the nozzle needle 20 rests on the shoulder 38, the spring has 36 no longer affects the nozzle needle 20 from the inside 24 wants to take off. Thus, in this position Force that pushes the nozzle needle 20 away from the valve seat is smaller. In addition, a second printing surface 84 acts on the upper one Area of the cone body 32, the fuel pressure, which prevails in the interior 26, on the insert body 30 and tries the insert body 30 in the direction of to press the valve seat on the inside 24 of the tip 10.

Damit wirkt auch die Kraft über die zweite Druckfläche 84 einem weiteren abheben der Düsennadel 20 vom Ventilsitz entgegen. Somit bleibt die Düsennadel 20 nach einem Hub mit der Strecke a an der Schulter 38 stehen, so daß die untere Reihe von Einspritzlöchern 16 verschlossen bleibt.The force also acts on the second pressure surface 84 further lift off the nozzle needle 20 against the valve seat. Thus, the nozzle needle 20 remains after a stroke with the Line a stand at shoulder 38 so that the bottom row remains closed by injection holes 16.

Bevor der Druck in der Steuerkammer 54 zu sehr abfällt, wird der Piezoaktor 71 abgeschaltet, so daß die Ventilstange 58 zurückgezogen wird und das Schließglied 57 die Ablaufbohrung 59 wieder verschließt. Der Druck in der Steuerkammer 54 steigt wieder an. Folglich wird die Kraft, die auf die Düsennadel 20 in Richtung des Ventilsitzes an der Innenseite 22 wirkt größer als die Kraft, die die Düsennadel 20 vom Ventilsitz weg bewegen will. Folglich wird die Düsennadel 20 wieder auf den Ventilsitz an der Innenseite 24 gedrückt und die obere Reihe von Einspritzlöchern 14 verschlossen. Damit endet die Voreinspritzung.Before the pressure in the control chamber 54 drops too much the piezo actuator 71 is switched off, so that the valve rod 58 is withdrawn and the closing member 57 the drain hole 59 closes again. The pressure in the control chamber 54 rises again. Consequently, the force applied to the nozzle needle 20 in the direction of the valve seat on the inside 22 acts greater than the force that the nozzle needle 20 from the valve seat wants to move away. As a result, the nozzle needle 20 becomes again pressed on the valve seat on the inside 24 and the upper Row of injection holes 14 closed. That ends the pre-injection.

Die Schaltzeit des Piezoaktor 71 ist für die Voreinspritzung auf die Druckverhältnisse und die Geometrie in der Weise angepaßt, daß die Düsennadel 20 nur um die Strecke a von der Innenseite 24 abgehoben wird und keine weitere Bewegung des Einsatzkörpers 30 weg von der Innenseite 24 erfolgt.The switching time of the piezo actuator 71 is for the pre-injection adapted to the pressure conditions and the geometry in such a way that the nozzle needle 20 only by the distance a from the Inside 24 is lifted off and no further movement of the Insert body 30 takes place away from the inside 24.

Für die Haupteinspritzung wird der Piezoaktor 71 länger bestromt, so daß der Druckunterschied zwischen der Steuerkammer 54 und dem Innenraum 26 entsprechend groß ist, daß die Düsennadel 20 mit dem Einsatzkörper 30 von der Innenseite 24 abgehoben werden und somit eine Einspritzung über die obere Reihe 14 und die untere Reihe 16 von Einspritzlöchern erfolgt.For the main injection, the piezo actuator 71 is energized longer, so the pressure difference between the control chamber 54 and the interior 26 is correspondingly large that the nozzle needle 20 lifted with the insert body 30 from the inside 24 and thus an injection over the top row 14 and the lower row 16 of injection holes.

Die Einspritzung wird dadurch gestoppt, daß der Piezoaktor 71 entstromt wird und sich somit verkürzt und damit das Schließglied 57 wieder über die dritte Feder 79 auf den Dichtsitz 80 gedrückt wird und somit der Ablauf über die Ablaufdrossel 56 unterbrochen wird.The injection is stopped by the piezo actuator 71 is released and thus shortened and thus the closing member 57 again via the third spring 79 onto the sealing seat 80 is pressed and thus the sequence via the flow restrictor 56 is interrupted.

Da über die Zulaufdrossel 55 laufend Kraftstoff in die Steuerkammer 54 fließt, erhöht sich der Druck in der Steuerkammer 54 und drückt über den Steuerkolben 52 und die Koppelstange 74 die Düsennadel 20 auf die Innenseite 24, so daß die Abgabe von Kraftstoff über die obere Reihe 14 und die untere Reihe 16 von Einspritzlöchern unterbrochen wird. Zugleich wird über die Feder 36 der Einsatzkörper 30 auf die Innenseite 24 gedrückt.Since fuel continues to flow into the control chamber via the inlet throttle 55 54 flows, the pressure in the control chamber increases 54 and presses over the control piston 52 and the coupling rod 74 the nozzle needle 20 on the inside 24, so that the delivery of fuel across the top row 14 and bottom row 16 is interrupted by injection holes. At the same time is about the spring 36 of the insert body 30 pressed onto the inside 24.

Bei der Haupteinspritzung wird die Düsennadel 20 maximal um den Hub H nach oben bewegt, der durch das Spiel festgelegt ist, das zwischen dem oberen Ende der Düsennadel 20 in Schließposition und der unteren Anschlagfläche der Anschlagplatte 51 vorliegt. Bei maximalem Hub H liegt die Düsennadel 20 an der Anschlagplatte 51 an.During the main injection, the nozzle needle 20 is at a maximum moves the stroke H up, which is determined by the game between the upper end of the nozzle needle 20 in Closed position and the lower stop surface of the stop plate 51 is present. The nozzle needle is at maximum stroke H. 20 on the stop plate 51.

Da die Strecke a kleiner ist als der maximale Hub H, wird der maximale Hub für die Voreinspritzung durch den Abstand a zwischen der Schulter 38 der Führung 34 und dem Anschlag 39 der Düsennadel 20 festgelegt, wobei die Düsennadel 20 und der Einsatzkörper 30 an der Innenseite 24 anliegen.Since the distance a is smaller than the maximum stroke H, the maximum stroke for the pre-injection by the distance a between the shoulder 38 of the guide 34 and the stop 39 of the Nozzle needle 20 set, the nozzle needle 20 and the Insert insert body 30 on the inside 24.

Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Form des Einsatzkörpers 30 mit einer Ringausnehmung 40. Der Einsatzkörper 30 weist eine radial umlaufende Ringausnehmung 40 auf, die in der Schließposition des Einsatzkörpers 30 auf der Höhe der oberen Reihe 14 von Einspritzlöchern angeordnet ist. Die Form der Ringausnehmung 40 entspricht im wesentlichen einer zur Mitte des Einsatzkörpers 30 gerichteten Konusform.FIG. 3 shows a further shape of the insert body 30 with a Ring recess 40. The insert body 30 has a radial encircling ring recess 40 in the closed position of the insert body 30 at the level of the upper row 14 of Injection holes is arranged. The shape of the ring recess 40 corresponds essentially to one towards the center of the insert body 30 directed cone shape.

In dieser Ausführungsform ist der Teil der Konusfläche, über den der Einsatzkörper vom umgebenden Kraftstoffdruck nach unten in Richtung auf die Innenseite 24 gedrückt wird, größer als der Teil der Konusfläche, der die Düsennadel vom umgebenden Kraftstoffdruck nach oben von der Innenseite 24 wegdrückt. Somit wird auch in dieser Ausführungsform der Einsatzkörper 30 in Richtung auf die Innenseite 24 durch den umgebenden Kraftstoffdruck gedrückt.In this embodiment, the part of the cone surface is over the insert body from the surrounding fuel pressure down is pressed towards the inside 24, larger than the part of the cone surface that separates the nozzle needle from the surrounding one Pushes fuel pressure upwards from the inside 24. Thus, the insert body is also in this embodiment 30 towards the inside 24 through the surrounding Fuel pressure pressed.

Durch die Ringausnehmung 40 wird bei abgehobener Düsennadel 20 und an der Innenseite 24 anliegendem Einsatzkörper 30 gewährleistet, daß sich der Kraftstoff gleichmäßig auf die Einspritzlöcher der oberen Reihe 14 verteilt.Through the ring recess 40 when the nozzle needle is lifted 20 and insert body 30 resting against the inside 24, that the fuel is evenly on the injection holes the upper row 14 distributed.

Durch die Ringausnehmung 40 wird der von der Innenseite 24 abgehobene Einsatzkörper 30 durch die dadurch bewirkte Strömung des Kraftstoffes mittig justiert, so daß eine Dejustierung vermieden wird. Dies bewirkt eine gleichmäßige Versorgung mit Kraftstoff für die Einspritzlöcher der unteren Reihe 16 bei abgehobenem Einsatzkörper 30.Through the ring recess 40, the inside 24 lifted insert body 30 by the flow caused thereby the fuel is adjusted in the center, so that a misalignment is avoided. This ensures an even supply with fuel for the lower row injection holes 16 with the insert body 30 lifted off.

Claims (5)

  1. Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines with a nozzle body (12) with a dome (10) with two axially spaced rows (14, 16) of injection holes and with an injection needle (20), which can be moved axially in the nozzle body (12) whereby a conical surface (22) at the tip of the injection needle (20) selectively releases and blocks the fuel path to an upper row of injection holes, with an insert (30) at the tip of the injection needle (20), that can be moved axially relative to the injection needle (20) axial and that features a spherical part (32) that projects in an axial direction from the tip of the injection needle (20) whereby in the closed position of the injection valve the conical surface (22) of the injection needle (20) in the direction of the flow of the fuel, lies before the first, upper row (14) of injection holes on the inner side(24) of the dome (10) of the injection body (12) and the spherical part (32) lies between the first, upper row (14) of injection holes and the second, lower row (16) of injection holes on the inner side (24) of the dome (10) of the injection body (12),
    whereby a stop area (38) is provided on the insert (30) to which the injection needle (20) can be moved when lifted from the inner side (24) by a specified stroke (a),
    and
    whereby the insert (30) features an active surface (84) to which there is fuel pressure surrounding the insert which counters a movement of the insert (30) away from the closed position, characterized in that,
    in the open state of the injection valve the axial movement of the insert (30) is limited by a shoulder (38) on the insert (30) and a stop (39) in the injection needle (20).
  2. Fuel injection nozzle in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that a stop element (51) is provided in the fuel injection nozzle (51) to which the injection needle can subsequently be moved so that the lift of the injection needle up to the stop element (51) is greater than the lift to the stop area (38) of the insert (30).
  3. Fuel injection nozzle in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the first upper row (14) of injection holes is provided for a pilot injection and the second, lower row (16) of injection holes is provided for a main injection.
  4. Fuel injection nozzle in accordance with one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the insert (30) is pushed in the closed condition of the injection valve against the effect of a spring (36) by a distance (a) into the injection needle (20).
  5. Fuel injection nozzle in accordance with one of the previous claims, characterized in that the insert (30) features a radial cutout (40) that, in the closed position of the insert (30) is located in the area of the upper row (14) of the injection holes.
EP99115711A 1998-08-06 1999-08-06 Fuel injection nozzle Expired - Lifetime EP0978649B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19835629 1998-08-06
DE19835629 1998-08-06

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EP0978649A3 EP0978649A3 (en) 2003-01-29
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EP0978649A3 (en) 2003-01-29
EP0978649A2 (en) 2000-02-09
DE59909449D1 (en) 2004-06-17

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