EP0977916A1

EP0977916A1 - Erfahren und anlagu

Info

Publication number: EP0977916A1
Application number: EP98910805A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Philippe Massotte; Didier Thibault
Original assignee: Superba SAS
Current assignee: Superba SAS
Priority date: 1998-02-20
Filing date: 1998-02-20
Publication date: 2000-02-09
Also published as: WO1999042646A1; JP2001522419A

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for the continuous plain dyeing of unwinding yarns, which essentially consists in unwinding the yarn continuously from one or several supports (1), impregnating (2) it with a dyeing agent, pre-setting (3) said dyeing agent prior to fixing (4) it, optionally washing (10), drying (5) said yarn and rewinding (6) it. The invention also concerns an installation for implementing the method. The method is characterised in that at least one additional expressing (8) and/or impregnating operation is carried out before fixing (4) the dyeing agent. The invention is particularly useful for dyeing textile yarns used in particular on weaving machines or for tufting carpets.

Description

- 1 - Process of continuous continuous dyeing of threads in movement and installation for the implementation of this process

The present invention relates to the field of textile industry, in particular dyeing and more particularly the dyeing of textile threads, and relates to a continuous continuous dyeing process of threads in movement, in particular of fibers-based threads such as polyamides of the PA 6, PA 66 type, polyesters, PES, PET, PTT, acrylics, PAN, wools or blends.

The invention also relates to an installation for implementing this method.

To date there are different methods and devices for dyeing threads. A skein dyeing process is thus known, in which a spool of yarn at the end of the spinning process, rewound into a conical spool, is unwound on a reel of skeins, in order to allow the skeins of the yarn, following handling with transport of coils. Each skein is then subjected to a manual operation of tying at different points and knotting the two ends of the skein. Then, the skeins obtained are placed on dye sticks, hung on a cart, then brought into a dyeing machine. After dyeing, the skeins are washed and their excess water is extracted in a centrifuge, before being dried, either in a cabinet with circulation of hot air, or by continuous passage in a drying tunnel. After this drying, the skeins are returned to a reel for re-casing on conical bobbins usable in knitting or weaving.

Such a dyeing process, which has acceptable results with regard to the penetration of the dye bath between the fibers, requires numerous handling operations, which results, on the one hand, in relatively long and delicate processing times and high production costs. There are also reel dyeing processes, in which a spool of threads at the end of the spinning process is rewound into a conical or cylindrical spool, the edges of said spool possibly being rounded by pressing, in order to allow better subsequent circulation of a bath. of dye inside said coil. After this shaping, a new handling will consist of stacking reels on perforated columns of the material holder of a dyeing machine, then this material holder is placed in an autoclave and a dye bath is injected under pressure by the through a pump. After a predetermined time, the dye bath is evacuated and washing water is injected into - 2 - said autoclave. Then the material carrier is extracted from the autoclave and the coils are placed in a centrifuge for the extraction of excess water.

After this operation, the coils are dried, discontinuously in a cabinet or continuously in a high frequency oven. After this drying, the reels are rewound.

The excess water can also be evacuated by means of devices called rapid dryers, in which the material carrier and coils assembly is subjected to extraction by vacuum pump and pressurization of an autoclave, by air or steam. . In such a case, additional drying is no longer necessary.

Like the previous process, such a reel dyeing process requires numerous operator interventions and is carried out over a relatively long period, so that the cost of this process is relatively high.

A mass dyeing process is also known, in which the dye, which is generally a pigment dye, is mixed or polymerized just before spinning the fibers. This process is very inflexible and requires restrictive production management. In addition, the number of colors available is limited.

In addition, in the context of the dyeing of cellulosic, vegetable fibers such as cotton, linen, etc., or chemical fibers such as acetates or viscoses, the known dyeing processes involve a significant consumption of water, namely of the order of 200 liters to 300 liters per kilogram of dyed yarn.

Such water consumption has not only the disadvantage of the cost of the water consumed, but also that of the reprocessing before discharge of the water laden with dyes and residual auxiliary chemicals.

Indeed, among the dyes for cellulosic fibers used, it is worth mentioning the conventional reagents, which require, during the production of the dye bath, a significant addition of salt, namely of the order of 80 g to 100 g per liter of dye bath, and of which only 60% to 70% of the mixture is fixed during the dyeing operation, the remaining 30% to 40% of the mixture being removed during washing and constituting a significant source of pollution requiring special reprocessing pushed from said discharge water.

Moreover, in the case ^'of the reels in dyeing and, to a lesser extent, that of hank dyeing, reeling multiple operations and wound-have for adverse effects on the quality of the wire - 3 - produces, on the one hand, a loss in weight and, on the other hand, a loss in toughness and elongation of the wire.

There are also installations implementing continuous dyeing processes for textile threads, by continuous impregnation of the running thread, which is then deposited on a conveyor means, which conducts the thread (s) through enclosures containing steam. or hot air at atmospheric pressure or overpressure. Such a process, called thermofixation, makes it possible to fix the dyes in the fibers constituting the yarn.

Such installations allow, in particular, the dyeing of yarns based on polyamide, polyesters, polypropylenes, acrylic fibers, wool and blends with a conspicuously reduced consumption of energy and water compared to the treatment processes in bobbins or hanks and use dyes of the acid, dispersed or basic type.

However, these existing dyeing methods do not allow a convincing result to be obtained as regards the uniformity and regularity of dyeing over time. In addition, the peripheral dyeing of the threads is almost impossible to obtain.

The object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of known dyeing methods by proposing a method and a device for continuous continuous dyeing of threads in movement, allowing significant savings in dyes with optimum fixing of the dyeing.

In accordance with the invention, the continuous continuous dyeing process for running threads, which essentially consists in unwinding continuous thread from one or more supports, impregnating it with a dye, carrying out a prefixing of said dye followed by fixing the latter, possibly washing the yarn, drying said yarn and rewinding it, is characterized in that at least one additional pressing and / or impregnating operation is carried out before fixing the dye.

The invention also relates to an installation for the implementation of this process, which is essentially constituted by a station for unwinding wires continuously from one or more supports, by a device for impregnating the yarns unwound by means of a coloring substance, by a prefixing station and a dye fixing station, possibly by a washing station, by a device for drying the dyed yarn or yarns and by a rewinding station for the yarn or yarns , and which is characterized in that at least one squeezing device is integrated between the device for impregnating the thread (s) and the dye fixing station. - 4 -

The invention will be better understood from the description below, which relates to a preferred embodiment, given by way of nonlimiting example, and explained with reference to the attached schematic drawing, the single figure of which is a view. schematic in side elevation of a device for implementing the method according to the invention.

In accordance with the invention and as shown more particularly in the figure of the appended drawing, the continuous continuous dyeing process for threads in movement, which essentially consists in unwinding the thread continuously from one or more supports 1, at the impregnating with a dye, to carry out a prefixing of said dye followed by a fixing of the latter, optionally washing said yarn, drying and rewinding it, comprises at least one operation of additional pressing and or impregnation is performed before fixing the dye.

This process is implemented by means of an installation, which essentially consists of a continuous wire unwinding station from one or more supports 1, by a device 2 for impregnating the wire or wires unwound from the by means of a coloring substance, by a station 3 for prefixing and a station 4 for fixing the dye, optionally by a station 10 for washing, by a device 5 for drying the dyed thread or threads and by a station 6 for rewinding the or wires comprising one or more other supports 7. The speed of unwinding, rewinding and processing the wire or wires can be variable from low, namely of the order of 50 m / min, to high, namely around 1000 m / min and is advantageously between 100 m / min and 1000 m / min, preferably between 250 m / min and 600 m / min.

The wire unwinding station, comprising one or more supports 1, is not shown in detail in the appended drawings and can be constituted, in a known manner, by a rack comprising pins supporting the coils of wire or cops. It is also possible to unwind the wires from a support such as a beam. Similarly, the rewinding station can be constituted by a multi-spindle winder or by a single support such as a beam. Thus, for example, the wire can be unwound and rewound from reel to reel, from one or more reels to a beam, from a beam to a beam or from a beam to one or more coils.

The dyes used in the device 2 for impregnating the son (s) are acid dyes, metalliferous complexes, boric dyes or dispersed dyes.

According to the invention, this continuous continuous dyeing installation incorporates at least one expressing device 8 between the device 2 for impregnating the - 5 - wires and the dye fixing station 4. Such an expressing device makes it possible to eliminate the excess dye on the thread (s) and to regulate the dye load between 15% and 100% by weight of the thread.

In known manner, the expressing device 8 can be of the receptacle type provided with orifices traversed by the thread or threads charged with dyeing and subjected to an air pressure to remove or express the excess dye by pneumatic spinning , or in the form of an anvil for supporting the moving wire or wires cooperating with a compressed air blowing nozzle directing an air jet on the moving wire or wires and performing a mechanical spin combined with a pneumatic spin.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the expressing device 8 can be mounted at the outlet of the device 2 for impregnating the wire or wires, before the station 3 for prefixing. Such an assembly of the expressing device 8 makes it possible to spin the wire or wires prior to their prefixing treatment in station 3 and to avoid pollution of this station by sprayed dye.

It is also possible to have the express station 8 downstream of the prefix station 3. In such a case, a significant dye removal is carried out, so that the duration of the subsequent fixing treatment at station 4 can be considerably reduced. In accordance with another characteristic of the invention, it is also possible to carry out only a complementary impregnation operation between the prefixing operation at station 3 and the fixing operation at station 4, by providing for a station 2 d additional impregnation downstream of the prefixing station 3 and upstream of the fixing station 4. Such an impregnation makes it possible to obtain improved penetration of the dye into the core, as well as to avoid the usual icing effect to date, and therefore a corresponding improvement in the quality of the dye.

Another alternative embodiment of the invention provides for successively performing at least one expressing operation and at least one impregnating operation in respective complementary devices 8 and 2 arranged upstream of the prefixing station 3. This embodiment also allows an improvement in the penetration to the core and in the quality of the dye.

At least one additional expression and at least one impregnation can also be provided respectively upstream and downstream of the prefixing operation at station 3 by arrangement of the corresponding devices 8 and 2 on either side of said station 3. - 6 -

According to another alternative embodiment of the invention, several expressing and impregnating operations can be provided upstream and / or downstream of the fixing operation at station 3 by mounting several expressing devices 8 and d 'impregnation 2 on either side of this fixing station 3. The multiplication of the expression devices 8 and impregnation 2 following the first impregnation device 2 makes it possible to regularize and equalize the dyeing, in favoring the deep penetration of the yarn and fibers, while avoiding the phenomenon of icing, which consists of a core accumulation of dye in the yarn, and in the absence of dye at the periphery. In the appended drawing, the expressing and impregnating devices 2 added to the dyeing installation, in accordance with the invention, are shown, at the respective places of integration, above the various usual components of said installation. , an arrow indicating their position in the latter. The impregnation devices 2 can be of the type with one or more dye bath tubs, in which the wire or wires to be impregnated are deflected by means of deflection rollers, of the type with one or more spray nozzles and spraying of dye on the thread (s) running, in the form of piezoelectric nozzles, thermal or high frequency, in the form of pressure impregnation channels with tubular or rectangular section, in the form of one or more scarves of impregnation, in the form of one or more contact impregnation wiping rollers, in the form of a dyeing machine with multiple applicators, as known, in particular by FR-A-2 650 311 and by the patent application French n ° 9404877 dated April 22, 1994, in the form of one or more plates or also in the form of one or more rotary turbines, as described in FR-A- 2 650 311.

At the outlet of each impregnation device 2, the dye found on the diffuse thread inside the fibers constituting said thread, towards the heart of the latter. By intervening on the number of impregnation devices 2 and expressing devices 8 used, it is possible to intervene on the quality of the dye. In fact, each expression results in a mechanical action of wiping the thread favoring a new impregnation, the latter being able to be adjusted by action on the parameters of supply of dye in the devices 2.

The dye is prefixed at station 3 in known manner by passing the wire at the same running speed as for impregnation, therefore for a very short time, in an atmosphere of hot gas, in particular of air, or by treatment with saturated or superheated steam. This treatment is - 7 - advantageously carried out in enclosures supplied continuously by hot or steam, the wire or wires being guided in inlet and outlet by corresponding orifices or combs.

The fixing of the dye in station 4 is carried out on a wire placed in a loop on a conveyor forming an accumulator and moving said wire at a reduced speed compared to the running speed in the impregnation devices 2 and squeezing device 8 and at prefixing station 3, said wire being moved in an enclosure subjected to an atmosphere of hot gas, in particular air, or of saturated or superheated steam. The prefixing and fixing treatment temperature is between 100 ° C and 210 ° C, advantageously between 120 ° C and 200 ° C and more particularly between 140 ° C and 180 ° C. The durations of the respective prefixing treatments and on the other hand, are very different, namely a few fractions of a second for the prefixing and between 20s and 5 min, preferably between 30s and 60s for the fixing. This fixing station 3 allows the final fixing of the dyes in the fibers and higher solidities.

In accordance with another characteristic of the invention, at least one additional prefixing operation may be provided upstream or downstream of the prefixing station 3, with interposition between the latter and the new prefixing operation of an expressing operation in the by means of a corresponding device 8. The integration of an additional prefixing station 3 is shown in the accompanying drawing by arrangement above the installation and positioning by means of an arrow.

It is also conceivable to have in the groups of expressing devices 8 and impregnation devices 2 inserted upstream between the prefixing station 3 and the impregnation device 2 and / or downstream between said prefixing station 3 and the station. fixing 4 at least one prefixing station 3. Such an addition of prefixing stations 3 makes it possible more particularly to reduce the subsequent time for processing the wire in the fixing station 4 and therefore to be able to increase the speed of transport in the latter and thus, production. Furthermore, the quality of the dye is significantly improved, the yarn being notably less frosted.

According to another characteristic of the invention, in order to improve the dye absorption capacity ^" by the thread, the latter is subjected, after its unwinding from the supports 1 of the unwinding station and before its impregnation in the impregnation device 2, to a prefixing operation in a station 9, by heat treatment, possibly with addition of moisture before impregnation. - 8 - Such an operation makes the constituent fibers of the yarn more receptive to dyeing, so that the penetration to the heart of the dye is favored.

On leaving the fixing station 4, the treated thread (s) may be subjected to a washing operation in a washing station 10, then to drying in a drying device 5, before their rewinding on the supports 7 of the station 6 .

The washing operation can be carried out continuously in a washing and spinning station, as described, in particular, in FR-A-2 739 880, this at a temperature between 60 ° C and 80 ° C, with a solution containing soap or one or more washing agents. The washing is intended to rid the yarns of the excess dye as well as of the other constituents of the dye bath, so as to obtain perfect stability with regard to their coloring, that is to say that they no longer exhibit any risk of washing out and are, therefore, suitable for later use, in particular on weaving or tufting machines. The drying operation can also be carried out in continuous scrolling, either by means of saturated steam or in overpressure in an enclosure supplied with air or hot gas, at a useful temperature between 98 ° C. and 210 ° C., advantageously between 100 ° C and 180 ° C and, preferably, between 102 ° C and 120 ° C, this enclosure being in the form of a tunnel or in the form of an enclosure for the accumulation of wire by the formation of successive loops on rollers tensioners, either by subjecting the wire or wires to a high frequency or infrared energy in a tunnel or in a running channel, or by blowing hot air during winding, or by passing the coils in a high frequency drying tunnel or infrared. The rewinding of the son from the drying device 5, in station 6, is also carried out in a known manner and is not described in detail.

Thanks to the invention, it is possible to produce a continuous dyeing continuously, at high speed, namely up to 1000 m / min, of one or more textile threads, while achieving a significant saving in dye, it that is to say with an extremely reduced rejection during washing, as well as with a significant saving in energy and water consumption.

In addition, the method and the device in accordance with the invention allow, by uniform impregnation of all the fibers constituting each yarn and by fixing the dye in said fibers, obtaining brighter colors, greater solidities. washing, rubbing, light, etc. - 9 - The yarns dyed according to this process are less mechanically stressed and retain more their physical and mechanical qualities, such as, for example, the characteristics of regularity, resistance and elongation. As a result, the overall cost of implementing the process according to the invention is also reduced compared to known conventional dyeing processes and to existing installations.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown in the accompanying drawing. Modifications remain possible, in particular from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

- 10 - CLAIMS

1. Method for continuous continuous dyeing of threads in movement, consisting essentially of unwinding the thread continuously from one or more supports (1), impregnating it with a dye, carrying out a prefixing of said dye followed by a fixing of the latter, possibly washing the wire, drying said wire and rewinding it, characterized in that at least one additional pressing and / or impregnation operation is carried out before fixing the dye.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one pressing operation is integrated between the impregnation of the son or wires and the fixing of the dye.

3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one pressing operation is integrated between the impregnation of the son or wires and the prefixing of the dye.

4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one pressing operation is integrated between the prefixing of the dye and the fixing of the dye.

5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one additional impregnation operation is carried out between the prefixing operation and the fixing operation.

6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one pressing operation and one impregnation operation are carried out successively upstream of the prefixing.

7. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one additional expression and impregnation are provided respectively upstream and downstream of the prefixing operation.

8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that several expressing and impregnating operations are provided upstream and / or downstream of the fixing operation.

9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one additional prefixing operation is provided upstream or downstream of the prefixing, with interposition between the latter and the new prefixing operation of an expression operation.

10. Method according to any one of claims 1 and 6 to 9, characterized in that at least one prefixing is provided in the operating groups - 11 - complementary pressing and impregnation inserted upstream between the prefixing and the impregnation and / or downstream between the said prefixing and the fixing.

11. Method according to any one of claims 1 and 6 to 9, characterized in that a prefixing operation, by heat treatment, optionally with addition of moisture is provided between the unwinding and impregnation.

12. Installation for the implementation of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, essentially constituted by a continuous wire unwinding station from one or more supports (1), by a device (2 ) impregnating the unwound wire (s) by means of a coloring substance, by a station (3) for prefixing and a station (4) for fixing the dye, optionally by a station (10) for washing, by a device ( 5) for drying the dyed yarn (s) and by a rewinding station (6) for the yarn (s) comprising one or more other supports (7), characterized in that at least one expressing device (8) is integrated between the impregnation device (2) of the wire or wires and the station (4) for fixing the dye.

13. Installation according to claim 12, characterized in that the expressing device (8) is mounted at the outlet of the device (2) for impregnating the wire or wires, before the station (3) for prefixing.

14. Installation according to claim 12, characterized in that the expressing device (8) is mounted downstream of the station (3) for prefixing.

15. Installation for the implementation of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, essentially constituted by a continuous wire unwinding station from one or more supports (1), by a device (2 ) impregnating the unwound wire (s) by means of a coloring substance, by a station (3) for prefixing and a station (4) for fixing the dye, optionally by a station (10) for washing, by a device ( 5) for drying the dyed yarn (s) and by a station (6) for rewinding the yarn (s), characterized in that a complementary impregnation device (2) is mounted between the prefixing station (3) and the station fixing (4), downstream of the station (3) for fixing and upstream of the station (4).

16. Installation for the implementation of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, essentially constituted by a continuous wire unwinding station from one or more supports (1), by a device (2 ) impregnating the unwound wire (s) by means of a coloring substance, by a station (3) for prefixing and a station (4) for fixing the dye, optionally by a station (10) for washing, by a device ( 5) drying the or - 12 - dyed yarns and by a station (6) for rewinding the yarn (s), characterized in that additional expressing (8) and impregnation (2) devices are arranged upstream of the prefixing.

17. Installation for the implementation of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, essentially constituted by a continuous wire unwinding station from one or more supports (1), by a device (2 ) impregnating the unwound wire (s) by means of a coloring substance, by a station (3) for prefixing and a station (4) for fixing the dye, optionally by a station (10) for washing, by a device ( 5) for drying the dyed yarn (s) and by a rewinding station (6) for the yarn (s), characterized in that additional devices for pressing (8) and impregnating (2) are arranged respectively upstream and in downstream of the prefixing station (3), on either side of said station (3).

18. Installation according to claim 17, characterized in that several expressing devices 8 and impregnation 2 are provided upstream and / or downstream of the fixing station 3, on either side of this fixing station 3.

19. Installation for the implementation of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, essentially constituted by a continuous wire unwinding station from one or more supports (1), by a device (2 ) impregnating the unwound wire (s) by means of a coloring substance, by a station (3) for prefixing and a station (4) for fixing the dye, optionally by a station (10) for washing, by a device ( 5) for drying the dyed yarn (s) and by a station (6) for rewinding the yarn (s), characterized in that at least one additional prefixing station (3) is provided upstream or downstream of the prefixing station ( 3), with interposition between the latter and the new prefixing station (3) of an expressing device (8).

20. Installation according to claim 18, characterized in that at least one prefixing station (3) is arranged in the groups of expressing devices (8) and impregnation (2) inserted upstream between the prefixing (3) and the impregnation device (2) and / or downstream between said prefixing station (3) and the fixing station (4).

21. Installation according to any one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that it is provided, after the unwinding station from the supports (1) and before the impregnation device (2), with prefixing station (9).