EP0976817A1 - Alkylpolyglycosides as co-builders - Google Patents

Abstract

Alkylpolyglycosides (I), with linear or branched 1-10C alkyl and/or 2-10C polyhydroxyalkyl group(s) and an average of 1.2-3.0 glycose units, are used as cobuilders in washing powders and detergents. Alkylpolyglycosides of formula (I), with linear or branched 1-10C alkyl and/or 2-10C polyhydroxyalkyl group(s) and an average of 1.2-3.0 glycose units, are used as cobuilders in washing powders and detergents: R = linear or branched 1-10 C or 2-10 C polyhydroxyalkyl; G = a glycose unit; the degree of oligomerization n = 1.2-3.0. An Independent claim is also included for washing powders and detergents containing: (a) 5-40 wt. % surfactant system; containing anionic surfactant(s) and nonionic surfactant(s); and (b) 10-80 wt. % builder system; containing 10-70 wt. % zeolite, 0-40 wt. % sodium carbonate, 0-30 wt. % sodium silicate and 0.5-20 wt. % (I).

Description

The invention relates to a cobuilder for detergents and cleaning agents.

Detergents and cleaning agents usually contain in addition to those for the detergent respectively Cleaning performance of indispensable surfactants, also known as builder substances, which have the task of supporting the performance of the surfactants by they hardness formers, that is essentially calcium and magnesium ions, so from the Wash liquor should eliminate that they are not in a negative way with the surfactants interact. A well-known example of those that improve primary washing power Builder substances is zeolite Na-A, which is known to be able to, in particular Calcium ions form complexes so stable that their reaction with water hardness-forming Anions, especially carbonate, to insoluble compounds is suppressed. In addition, the builders, especially in textile detergents, should Redeposition of the surface of the fiber or generally of the surface to be cleaned loosened dirt as well as through the reaction of water hardness-forming cations insoluble compounds forming with water hardness-forming anions on the cleaned Prevent textile or the surface. For this purpose you bet usually so-called cobuilders, who in addition to their contribution to Secondary washing ability also a complexing effect for the water hardness Have cations.

Polymeric polycarboxylates are usually used as cobuilders, but also polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, such as citric acid, Adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids, Aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), and mixtures of these. Under The commonly used polymeric polycarboxylates are polyacrylates and Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid are used particularly frequently. In particular such polymers with molecular weights in the range from 20,000 to 120,000 g / mol used.

Under the aspect of wanting to provide detergents and cleaning agents that are largely made from renewable raw materials, it is desirable one Range of possible alternatives to the above Knowing polymers. Suitable connections should have cobuilder properties that those of the polymeric polycarboxylates are comparable, can be produced from renewable raw materials and be completely biodegradable.

Some polycarboxylic acids, such as citric acid, meet these conditions. Polyaspartic acid is also involved, as is the case in Europe Patent application EP-A-0 612 842 to such a cobuilder. From the international patent application WO 97/20905 is the use of dextrins known, in particular in agents containing large amounts of water hardness-forming anions, like carbonate, act as cobuilders.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that certain alkyl polyglycosides (APG) are suitable as cobuilders in detergents and cleaning agents.

• der Alkylrest R steht für mindestens einen linearen oder verzweigten C₁-C₁₀-Alkylrest bzw. C₂-C₁₀-Polyhydroxyalkylrest und
• G steht für eine Glycose-Einheit und
• der Oligomerisierungsgrad n steht für eine Zahl aus dem Bereich 1,2 bis 3,0.

A first object of the present invention is accordingly the use of alkyl polyglycosides as cobuilders in washing and / or cleaning agents, characterized in that alkyl polyglycosides according to the formula RO- (G) _n are used in which

• the alkyl radical R represents at least one linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl radical or C ₂ -C ₁₀ polyhydroxyalkyl radical and
• G stands for a glycose unit and
• the degree of oligomerization n stands for a number from the range 1.2 to 3.0.

Such APG are known compounds, for example under the name Glucopon® 215 CS UP (commercial product from Henkel) or Triton® CG-110 (Commercial product from Rohm and Haas) are commercially available. So far such substances due to their skin tolerance in household cleaners and Hand dishwashing detergents used as a non-ionic surfactant. For example, in the Patent application DE-A-19607753 the use of alkyl polyglycosides with a high degree of oligomerization n from 1.6 to 2.5 as a surfactant in detergents and cleaning agents described. The alkyl chains of the surfactants used there have chain lengths of 8 - 18 carbon atoms, but primarily APG with chain lengths of at least 12 carbon atoms are used.

In the tests now carried out, it was found that the APG according to the invention were Excellent as a cobuilder in detergents and cleaning agents. Your influence on that Secondary washing ability, measured by the formation of residues on the laundry, is comparable to that of polymeric polycarboxylates, currently the most advanced represent common cobuilder. This effect is particularly surprising since the In contrast to the polycarboxylates, the APG according to the invention is both a very low calcium binding capacity as well as a very low calcium dispersion capacity have. Two parameters that determine the suitability of connections as a builder can be expressed.

There are numerous names in the literature for alkyl polyglycosides. The terms Alkyl oligoglycoside, alkyl polyglycoside, alkyl oligosaccharide and alkyl polysaccharide all refer to those alkylated glycoses in which an acetal-like bond Alkyl residue on average on more than one glycose residue, i.e. on a poly or Oligosacchariderest is omitted. These terms are used in this application as viewed synonymous with each other. Correspondingly, alkyl monoglycoside means the acetal of a monosaccharide. The generic term alkyl polyglycosides include Within the scope of this invention alkyl poly (oligo) glycosides, which to a certain extent May contain alkyl monoglycosides since the reaction products from the sugars and are usually mixtures of alcohols.

The glycoside components G of such alkyl polyglycosides are oligo- or Polymers from naturally occurring aldose or ketose monomers, to which in particular glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, talose, gulose, old rose, allose, Idose, Ribose, Arabinose, Xylose and Lyxose belong to. Preferably because of the better reactivity the reducing saccharides, the aldoses, used. Among the Aldosen comes because of their easy accessibility and Availability in technical quantities, in particular the glucose. The in the Alkyl polyglycosides used with particular preference are therefore the Alkyl polyglucosides.

The oligomers consisting of such glycosidically linked monomers are except for the type of sugar they contain, their number, the so-called oligomerization degree n. The degree of oligomerization n can also assume fractional numerical values as an analytical quantity; he for the compounds according to the invention is in the range from 1.2 to 3.0, preferably it is in the range of 1.5-2.6, most preferably n is selected from the Ranges 1.5-2.0 or 2.0-2.6.

The radical R of the APG comprises linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl radicals or C ₂ -C ₁₀ polyhydroxyalkyl radicals. R is preferably a linear or branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ alkyl radical, particularly preferably a linear or branched C ₈ alkyl radical. In a preferred embodiment, these are residues of an alcohol with 8 carbon atoms obtainable from natural raw materials. The radical R can also stand for a mixture of alkyl or polyhydroxyalkyl radicals with different chain lengths. If the radical R is a mixture, it is preferred if the mixture contains various alkyl radicals having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, particularly preferably having 8 to 10 carbon atoms. If alcohols of natural origin are used for the production of the alkyl polyglycosides, these can, due to the extraction, still contain fractions of alcohols with carbon chain lengths outside the range according to the invention. This leads to alkyl polyglycosides, which to a certain extent contain a radical R outside the range according to the invention. However, the proportion of such alkyl polyglycosides based on the total amount of alkyl polyglycoside is below 20% by weight, preferably below 10% by weight. Although the use of APG produced from renewable raw materials is expressly desired in the sense of the invention, it is also possible to use alkylpolyglycosides whose alkyl radical is branched from synthetic primary alcohols, in particular the so-called oxoalcohols, which have a certain percentage, mostly 20 to 40% Have isomers with a 2-methyl radical, derived.

Due to the production process, the alkyl polyglycosides can contain considerable amounts of unconverted contain free fatty alcohol. For products that are usually commercially available the fatty alcohol content is up to 2% by weight, based on the alkyl polyglycoside. In the However, the percentage of fatty alcohol which can be used according to the invention can also be significant are higher without adversely affecting the properties of the agents produced with them impact. Preferred embodiments of the invention can therefore both be used in which APG with a low fatty alcohol content of 1 wt .-% is used as well as those where APG has a high fatty alcohol content of around 3 to even 10 wt .-%, based on the alkyl polyglycoside, is used.

The alkyl polyglycosides are used in the washing and / or cleaning agents in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight, preferably 0.5-6% by weight and very particularly preferably 2- 4% by weight used.

In addition to the APG, further organic cobuilders can be used according to the invention become. The use of polymeric polycarboxylates, as they have usually been used up to now Cobuilder used in detergents and cleaning agents and described above, in particular (co) polymers of acrylic acid or its salts, however, is expressly stated locked out.

In addition to the APGs with cobuilder properties described above, surface-active alkyl polyglycosides which essentially contain C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or alkenyl radicals and belong to the type of nonionic surfactants can also be used, but these do not contribute to the effect according to the invention at. The degree of oligomerization n of such surfactants is any number between 1 and 10; however, n in such nonionic surfactants is preferably from 1.2 to 1.4.

The present application also relates to detergents and / or cleaning agents containing 5-40% by weight of a surfactant system which contains at least one anionic surfactant and at least one nonionic surfactant and 10-80% by weight of a builder system 10-70% by weight zeolite, 0-40% by weight sodium carbonate, 0-30% by weight sodium silicate and 0.5-20% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside according to the formula RO- (G) _n , characterized that R stands for at least one linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl radical or C ₂ -C ₁₀ polyhydroxyalkyl radical and G for a glycose unit, n for a number from the range 1.2 to 3.0 and in the agents contain no polymeric polycarboxylate.

The detergents and cleaning agents according to the invention can, in addition to those mentioned In principle, compounds are all known ingredients customary in such compositions contain.

Suitable anionic surfactants are in particular soaps and those which contain sulfate or sulfonate groups. Preferred surfactants of the sulfonate type are C ₉ -C ₁₃ alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefin sulfonates, that is to say mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates, and also disulfonates of the kind obtained, for example, from C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ monoolefins having an end or internal double bond by sulfonation Gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates obtained from C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization. Also suitable are the esters of α-sulfo fatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the α-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, which are produced by α-sulfonation of the methyl esters of fatty acids of vegetable and / or animal origin with 8 to 20 ° C -Atoms in the fatty acid molecule and subsequent neutralization to water-soluble mono-salts are considered. These are preferably the α-sulfonated esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, with sulfonation products of unsaturated fatty acids, for example oleic acid, in small amounts, preferably in amounts not above about 2 to 3% by weight. %, can be present. In particular, α-sulfofatty acid alkyl esters are preferred which have an alkyl chain with no more than 4 carbon atoms in the ester group, for example methyl esters, ethyl esters, propyl esters and butyl esters. The methyl esters of α-sulfofatty acids (MES), but also their saponified disalts, are used with particular advantage.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters, which are mono-, di- and Trieste and their mixtures represent how they are made by Esterification by a monoglycerin with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or during the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol can be obtained.

As alk (en) yl sulfates, the alkali and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid half-esters of the C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, straight-chain alkyl radical prepared on a petrochemical basis and which have a degradation behavior analogous to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials. C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ alkyl sulfates and C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ alkyl sulfates and C ₁₄ -C ₁₅ alkyl sulfates are particularly preferred from the point of view of washing technology. 2,3-Alkyl sulfates, which are produced, for example, according to US Pat. Nos. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN®, are also suitable anionic surfactants.

Also suitable are the sulfuric acid monoesters of the straight-chain or branched C ₇ -C ₂₁ alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl branched C ₉ -C ₁₁ alcohols with an average of 3.5 mol ethylene oxide (EO) or C ₁₂ - C ₁₈ fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO. Because of their high foaming behavior, they are normally used in washing and cleaning agents only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight.

The preferred anionic surfactants also include the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters, and the monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and especially ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C ₈ to C ₁₈ fatty alcohol residues or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue which is derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which are nonionic surfactants in themselves. Again, sulfosuccinates whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution are particularly preferred. It is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.

Other anionic surfactants are fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, for example of N-methyl taurine (tauride) and / or of N-methyl glycine (sarcoside). The sarcosides or sarcosinates and are particularly preferred here mainly sarcosinates of higher and possibly single or multiple unsaturated fatty acids such as oleyl sarcosinate.

Soaps, for example in quantities, come in particular as further anionic surfactants from 0.2% to 5% by weight. Saturated fatty acid soaps are particularly suitable, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and in particular from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, derived soap mixtures.

The anionic surfactants, including the soaps, can be in the form of their sodium, Potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, Di- or triethanolamine. The anionic surfactants are preferably in the form their sodium or potassium salts, especially in the form of the sodium salts. Anionic Surfactants in detergents according to the invention are preferably in amounts of 1% by weight up to 35 wt .-% and in particular in amounts of 5 wt .-% to 30 wt .-%.

The nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or can contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals. However, alcohol ethoxylates with linear residues of alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, palm, tallow fat or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are particularly preferred. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C ₉ -C ₁₁ alcohols with 7 EO, C ₁₃ -C ₁₅ alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO , C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures thereof, such as mixtures of C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alcohol with 3 EO and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alcohol with 7 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples of these are (tallow) fatty alcohols with 14 EO, 16 EO, 20 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.

The nonionic surfactants also include the alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) _n already mentioned above, in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 12 to 18 C atoms and G is a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose, and the degree of oligomerization n is between 1 and 10; preferably 1.2 to 1.4.

Vorzugsweise leiten sich die Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide von reduzierenden Zuckern mit 5 oder 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, insbesondere von der Glucose ab. Zur Gruppe der Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide gehören auch Verbindungen der Formel (II),

in der R³ für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkyl- oder Alkenylrest mit 7 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, R⁴ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylenrest oder einen Arylenrest mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und R⁵ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest oder einen Oxy-Alkylrest mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, wobei C₁-C₄-Alkyl- oder Phenylreste bevorzugt sind, und [Z] für einen linearen Polyhydroxyalkylrest, dessen Alkylkette mit mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen substituiert ist, oder alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte oder propoxylierte Derivate dieses Restes steht. [Z] wird auch hier vorzugsweise durch reduktive Aminierung eines Zuckers wie Glucose, Fructose, Maltose, Lactose, Galactose, Mannose oder Xylose erhalten. Die N-Alkoxy- oder N-Aryloxy-substituierten Verbindungen können dann beispielsweise nach der Lehre der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 95/07331 durch Umsetzung mit Fettsäuremethylestern in Gegenwart eines Alkoxids als Katalysator in die gewünschten Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide überführt werden. Also suitable are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I) in which R ¹ CO is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R ^{2 is} hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical with 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups:

The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are preferably derived from reducing sugars with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, in particular from glucose. The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II)

in which R ^{3 represents} a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ^{4 represents} a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene radical or an arylene radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ^{5 represents} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or Aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred, and [Z] for a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives of this radical. [Z] is also preferably obtained here by reductive amination of a sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example according to the teaching of international patent application WO 95/07331, be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.

Another class of preferably used nonionic surfactants, which either as sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic Surfactants, especially together with alkoxylated fatty alcohols and / or Alkyl glycosides used are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 Carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, such as, for example are described in Japanese patent application JP 58/217598 or which preferably according to that in international patent application WO 90/13533 described methods are produced.

Also nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can be suitable. The amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half of it.

Spacer" voneinander getrennt. Dieser Spacer ist in der Regel eine Kohlenstoffkette, die lang genug sein sollte, daß die hydrophilen Gruppen einen ausreichenden Abstand haben, damit sie unabhängig voneinander agieren können. Derartige Tenside zeichnen sich im allgemeinen durch eine ungewöhnlich geringe kritische Micellkonzentration und die Fähigkeit, die Oberflächenspannung des Wassers stark zu reduzieren, aus. In Ausnahmefällen werden unter dem Ausdruck Gemini-Tenside nicht nur derartig dimere", sondern auch entsprechend trimere" Tenside verstanden. Geeignete Gemini-Tenside sind beispielsweise sulfatierte Hydroxymischether gemäß der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 43 21 022 oder Dimeralkohol-bis- und Trimeralkohol-tris-sulfate und -ethersulfate gemäß der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 195 03 061. Endgruppenverschlossene dimere und trimere Mischether gemäß der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 195 13 391 zeichnen sich insbesondere durch ihre Bi- und Multifunktionalität aus. So besitzen die genannten endgruppenverschlossenen Tenside gute Netzeigenschaften und sind dabei schaumarm, so daß sie sich insbesondere für den Einsatz in maschinellen Wasch- oder Reinigungsverfahren eignen. Eingesetzt werden können aber auch Gemini-Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide oder Poly-Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide, wie sie in den internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO 95/19953, WO 95/19954 und WO 95/19955 beschrieben werden.So-called gemini surfactants can be considered as further surfactants. These are generally understood to mean those compounds which have two hydrophilic groups per molecule. These groups are usually identified by a so-called

Spacer "is separated from one another. This spacer is generally a carbon chain which should be long enough that the hydrophilic groups have a sufficient spacing for them to be able to act independently of one another. Such surfactants are generally distinguished by an unusually low critical micelle concentration and the Ability to greatly reduce the surface tension of the water. In exceptional cases, the term Gemini surfactants does not only become such dimere ", but also accordingly trimeric surfactants are understood. Suitable gemini surfactants are, for example, sulfated hydroxy mixed ethers according to German patent application DE 43 21 022 or dimer alcohol bis and trimeral alcohol tris sulfates and ether sulfates according to German patent application DE 195 03 061. End group-blocked dimeric and trimeric mixed ethers according to German patent application DE 195 13 391 is particularly distinguished by its bi- and multifunctionality, and the surfactants capped by the end groups have good wetting properties and are low-foaming, so that they are particularly suitable for use in machine washing or cleaning processes but also gemini polyhydroxy fatty acid amides or poly polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, as described in international patent applications WO 95/19953, WO 95/19954 and WO 95/19955.

The detergents according to the invention further contain a builder system consisting of at least one organic and at least one inorganic builder. In addition to the APG according to the invention, further organic builders can be contained. Suitable organic builder substances include, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), provided that such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures from these. Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these. The acids themselves can also be used. In addition to their builder action, the acids typically also have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder pH value of detergents or cleaning agents. Citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any mixtures thereof can be mentioned in particular. Other suitable organic builder substances are dextrins, for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches. The hydrolysis can be carried out by customary processes, for example acid-catalyzed or enzyme-catalyzed. They are preferably hydrolysis products with average molecular weights in the range from 400 to 500,000. A polysaccharide with a dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range from 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30, is preferred, DE being a customary measure for is the reducing effect of a polysaccharide compared to dextrose, which has a DE of 100. Both maltodextrins with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrups with a DE between 20 and 37 as well as so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with higher molar masses in the range from 2000 to 30000 can be used. A preferred dextrin is described in British patent application 94 19 091. The oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function. Such oxidized dextrins and processes for their preparation are known, for example, from European patent applications EP-A-0 232 202, EP-A-0 427 349, EP-A-0 472 042 and EP-A-0 542 496 as well as international patent applications WO- A-92/18542, WO-A-93/08251, WO-A-93/16110, WO-A-94/28030, WO-A-95/07303, WO-A-95/12619 and WO-A- 95/20608 known. An oxidized oligosaccharide according to German patent application DE-A-196 00 018 is also suitable. A product oxidized at C _{6 of} the saccharide ring can be particularly advantageous. Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably ethylenediamine disuccinate, are further suitable cobuilders. Also particularly preferred in this context are glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates, as described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4,524,009, 4,639,325, European Patent Application EP-A-0 150 930 and Japanese Patent Application JP 93/339896 become. Suitable amounts for use in formulations containing zeolite and / or silicate are 3 to 15% by weight. Further usable organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may optionally also be in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and at most two acid groups. Such cobuilders are described, for example, in international patent application WO-A-95/20029. Suitable builder substances are also the oxidation products of carboxyl-containing polyglucosans and / or their water-soluble salts, as are described, for example, in international patent application WO-A-93/08251 or their preparation, for example, in international patent application WO-A-93/16110 is described. Oxidized oligosaccharides according to German patent application DE-A-196 00 018 are also suitable. Likewise, other preferred builder substances include polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids, their salts or their precursors. Particularly preferred are polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives, of which it is disclosed in German patent application DE-A-195 40 086 that, in addition to cobuilder properties, they also have a bleach-stabilizing effect. Also suitable as builder substances are polyacetals, which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, for example as described in European patent application EP-A-0 280 223. Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid. In addition to APG, such organic cobuilders can be present in the agents according to the invention in a proportion of up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 5% by weight.

In the agents according to the invention, polymeric polycarboxylates, as have been the case up to now are usually used as cobuilders in detergents and cleaning agents, however not be included.

Fine-crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite, preferably zeolite A, X, Y and / or P, is used as the inorganic builder. However, mixtures of A, X, Y and / or P are also suitable. Zeolite P is, for example, particularly preferred Zeolite MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield). Of particular interest is also a cocrystallized sodium / potassium aluminum silicate from zeolite A and zeolite X, which is commercially available as VEGOBOND AX® (commercial product from Condea Augusts SpA). The zeolite can be used as a spray-dried powder or as an undried stabilized suspension that is still moist from its manufacture. In the event that the zeolite is used as a suspension, it may contain minor additions of nonionic surfactants as stabilizers, for example 1 to 3% by weight, based on zeolite, of ethoxylated C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols with 2 to 5 ethylene oxide groups , C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ fatty alcohols with 4 to 5 ethylene oxide groups or ethoxylated isotridecanols. Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 μm (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 10 to 22% by weight, in particular 15 to 22% by weight, of bound water.

In addition to zeolite, the composition may also contain other inorganic builders. Layer silicates of natural and synthetic origin, for example, are suitable further builders. Layered silicates of this type are known, for example, from patent applications DE-B-23 34 899, EP-A-0 026 529 and DE-A-35 26 405. Their usability is not limited to a special composition or structural formula. However, smectites, in particular bentonites, are preferred here. Also crystalline, layered sodium silicates of the general formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1} .yH ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2 , 3 or 4 are suitable for the substitution of zeolites or phosphates. Such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in European patent application EP-A-0 164 514. Preferred crystalline phyllosilicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and x is 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicate Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ .yH ₂ O are preferred.

The further preferred builder substances also include amorphous sodium silicates with a modulus Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ of 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular 1: 2 to 1 : 2.6, which are delayed release and have secondary washing properties. The delay in dissolution compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compression or by overdrying. In the context of this invention, the term “amorphous” is also understood to mean “X-ray amorphous”. This means that the silicates in X-ray diffraction experiments do not provide sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays, which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle. However, it can very well lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles provide washed-out or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This is to be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline areas of size 10 to a few hundred nm, values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred. Compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and over-dried X-ray amorphous silicates are particularly preferred.

It goes without saying that the generally known phosphates are also used as Builder substances possible, provided that such use is not from ecological Reasons should be avoided. The sodium salts are particularly suitable Orthophosphate, the pyrophosphate and especially the tripolyphosphate. Your salary is generally not more than 25% by weight, preferably not more than 20% by weight, each based on the finished product. In some cases it has been shown that in particular tripolyphosphates in small amounts up to a maximum of 10% by weight, based on the finished agent, in combination with other builder substances to form one lead to synergistic improvement of secondary washing ability.

Of the compounds which serve as bleaching agents and which supply H ₂ O ₂ in water, sodium perborate monohydrate or tetrahydrate and sodium percarbonate are of particular importance. Other useful bleaching agents are, for example, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H ₂ O ₂ -producing peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperic acid or diperdodecanedioic acid. The bleaching agent content of the agents is 0 to 30% by weight and in particular 5 to 25% by weight, advantageously using perborate monohydrate or percarbonate.

In order to achieve an improved bleaching effect when washing at temperatures of 60 ° C and below, bleach activators can be incorporated into the preparations. Examples of these are N-acyl or O-acyl compounds which form organic peracids with H ₂ O ₂ , preferably multiply acylated alkylenediamines such as N, N'-tetraacylated diamines, acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril, N-acylated hydantoins, hydrazides, triazoles , Triazines, urazoles, diketopiperazines, sulfurylamides and cyanurates, also carboxylic acid esters such as p- (alkanoyloxy) benzenesulfonate, in particular sodium isisononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate, and the p- (alkenoyloxy) benzenesulfonate, also caprolactam derivatives, carboxylic acid anhydrides such as glucosalphene anhydrides such as phthalates and phthalates. Other known bleach activators are acetylated mixtures of sorbitol and mannitol, as described for example in European patent application EP-A-0 525 239, and acetylated pentaerythritol. The bleach activators contain bleach activators in the usual range, preferably between 1 and 10% by weight and in particular between 3 and 8% by weight. Particularly preferred bleach activators are N, N, N ', N'-tetraacetylethylene diamine (TAED), 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT) and acetylated sorbitol-mannitol mixtures (SORMAN). The bleach activator may have been coated with coating substances in a known manner or, if appropriate with the aid of auxiliaries, in particular methyl celluloses and / or carboxymethyl celluloses, may have been granulated or extruded / pelleted and, if desired, may contain further additives, for example dye. Such granules preferably contain more than 70% by weight, in particular 90 to 99% by weight, of bleach activator. A bleach activator is preferably used which forms peracetic acid under washing conditions.

In addition to the conventional bleach activators listed above or other The place from the European patents EP 0 446 982 and EP 0 453 003 known sulfonimines and / or bleach-enhancing Transition metal salts or transition metal complexes as so-called Bleach catalysts can be included. To those in question Transition metal compounds belong in particular to those from the German Patent application DE 195 29 905 known manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or Molybdenum-salt complexes and those from the German patent avoidance DE 196 20 267 known N-analog compounds, which from the German Patent application DE 195 36 082 known manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or Molybdenum-carbonyl complexes, which are described in German patent application DE 196 05 688 manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, molybdenum, titanium, vanadium and Copper complexes with nitrogenous tripod ligands derived from the German Patent application DE 196 20 411 known cobalt, iron, copper and ruthenium amine complexes, those described in German patent application DE 44 16 438 Manganese, copper and cobalt complexes described in the European patent application Cobalt complexes described in EP 0 272 030, which result from the European patent application EP 0 693 550 known manganese complexes, which from the European Patent EP 0 392 592 known manganese, iron, cobalt and copper complexes and / or those in European Patent EP 0 443 651 or European Patent applications EP 0458 397, EP 0458 398, EP 0 549 271, EP 0 549 272, Manganese complexes described in EP 0 544 490 and EP 0 544 519. Combinations of Bleach activators and transition metal bleach catalysts are for example from the German patent application DE 196 13 103 and the international patent application WO 95/27775 known. Bleach-enhancing transition metal complexes, especially with the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru are used in usual amounts, preferably in an amount up to 1% by weight, in particular from 0.0025% by weight to 0.25% by weight and particularly preferably from 0.01% by weight to 0.1% by weight, in each case based on the entire mean.

Enzymes which may be present in agents according to the invention include Proteases, amylases, pullulanases, cellulases, cutinases and / or lipases, for example Proteases such as BLAP®, Optimase®, Opticlean®, Maxacal®, Maxapem®, Durazym®, Purafect® OxP, Esperase® and / or Savinase®, amylases such as Termamyl®, Amylase-LT®, Maxamyl®, Duramyl®, Purafect® OxAm, cellulases such as Celluzyme®, Carezyme®, KAC® and / or those from international patent applications WO 96/34108 and WO 96/34092 known cellulases and / or lipases such as Lipolase®, Lipomax®, Lumafast® and / or Lipozym®. The enzymes used can, as for example in international patent applications WO 92/11347 or WO 94/23005, adsorbed on carriers and / or embedded in coating substances to counter them protect early inactivation. They are in washing and Detergents preferably in amounts up to 10 wt .-%, especially of 0.05 wt .-% to 5 wt .-%, contain, particularly preferred against oxidative Degradation stabilized enzymes, such as those from the international Patent applications WO 94/02597, WO 94/02618, WO 94/18314, WO 94/23053 or WO 95/07350 are known can be used.

As stabilizers especially for per-compounds and enzymes that are sensitive to Are heavy metal ions, the salts come from polyphosphonic acids, especially 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid (DETPMP) or ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid.

In addition, the agents can also contain components that make the oil and fat washable made of textiles. This effect becomes special clearly if a textile is soiled that has already been washed several times with one detergent according to the invention, which contains this oil and fat-dissolving component, was washed. The preferred oil and fat dissolving components include for example non-ionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxyl groups of 15 to 30 wt .-% and Hydroxypropoxyl groups from 1 to 15 wt .-%, each based on the nonionic Cellulose ether, as well as the polymers known from the prior art Phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or their derivatives, in particular Polymers from ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives of these. Especially preferred of these are the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic acid and Terephthalic acid polymers.

When used in machine washing processes, it can be advantageous to add conventional foam inhibitors to the agents. Suitable foam inhibitors are, for example, soaps of natural or synthetic origin, which have a high proportion of C ₁₈ -C ₂₄ fatty acids. Suitable non-surfactant-like foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and their mixtures with microfine, optionally silanized silica, and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and their mixtures with silanized silica or bistearylethylenediamide. Mixtures of various foam inhibitors are also used with advantages, for example those made of silicones, paraffins or waxes. The foam inhibitors, in particular silicone and / or paraffin-containing foam inhibitors, are preferably bound to a granular, water-soluble or dispersible carrier substance. Mixtures of paraffins and bistearylethylenediamides are particularly preferred.

Graying inhibitors have the task of removing the dirt detached from the fiber to keep the fleet suspended and thus prevent the dirt from re-opening. Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this, for example the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, Salts of ether carboxylic acids or ether sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or Salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch. Also Water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are suitable for this purpose. Soluble starch preparations and others other than those mentioned above can also be used Use starch products, e.g. degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc. is preferred in the agents according to the invention, the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone, in particular in Form of PVP granules. Cellulose ethers such as Carboxymethyl cellulose (Na salt), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and Mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl carboxymethyl cellulose and their mixtures. Graying inhibitors, such as PVP Usually used in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the agent.

As optical brighteners, the agents can be derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or whose alkali metal salts contain. Suitable are e.g. Salts of 4,4-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or similarly constructed Compounds which instead of the morpholino group a diethanolamino group, a Carry a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group. Brighteners of the substituted diphenylstyryl type may also be present, e.g. the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl. Mixtures of the aforementioned brighteners can be used.

In addition to the ingredients mentioned, the agents can also use other known detergents, Detergents or cleaning agents commonly used additives, for example small amounts of neutral filling salts as well as colors and fragrances, opacifiers or Pearlescent agents included.

The production of solid agents according to the invention presents no difficulties and can be carried out in a known manner, for example by spray drying or granulation, taking thermally sensitive ingredients or one or more compounds or additives may be added later. The bulk weight the advantageously granular agent is preferably at least about 600 g / l, in particular 650 to 1100 g / l. The agents according to the invention can also be used Prepare processes that involve an extrusion step. Therefore are in particular for the production of granular agents according to the invention with increased Bulk weight preferred methods that include an extrusion step. Should be liquid or pasty agents can be produced with the ingredients according to the invention, so This is usually achieved by mixing the ingredients, in substance or in solution, in an automatic mixer.

Examples

To check the suitability of alkyl polyglycosides according to the invention as cobuilders washing tests were carried out on the secondary washing ability. For the trials was a basic detergent containing 12 wt .-% of a 5: 3 mixture of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate and fatty alcohol ethoxylate, 0.8% by weight of soap, 17.3% by weight of zeolite NaA, 5.9% by weight of silicates, 14.8% by weight of soda, 18% by weight of sodium perborate tetrahydrate, 2.5% by weight of TAED, 1.0% by weight of enzyme granules and other auxiliaries are used. in the Example B1 was 3% by weight of Glucopon® 215 CU UP, the basic detergent Alkyl polyglucoside with alkyl chain lengths of 8-10 carbon atoms and a degree of dextrose polymerization of 1.5, added as cobuilder, was V1 in comparative example no cobuilder added and in comparative example V2 3% by weight Sokalan® CP 5. The The rest of 100% by weight was supplemented with water and salts. The blank value V resulted on fresh tissue as used for the washing tests.

The test was carried out under practical conditions in household washing machines. For this purpose, the machines were loaded with 3.0 kg of clean laundry and 0.5 kg of test fabric, some of the test fabric being impregnated with the usual test soiling and partially consisting of white fabric for testing the secondary washing ability. Strips of standardized cotton fabric (Krefeld laundry research institute; WFK), nettle (BN), knitwear (cotton jersey; B) and terry toweling fabric (FT) were used as the white test fabric. Washing conditions: tap water of 23 ⁰ d (equivalent to 230 mg CaO / l), amount of detergent used per detergent and machine: 80 g 90 ° C wash program (including heating phase), liquor ratio (kg of laundry: liters of wash water in the main wash) 1: 5.7 , rinse three times with tap water, spin off and dry.

After 25 washing cycles, the ash content of the textile samples was determined quantitatively in duplicate (Table 1). Ash formation (residue in g) WFK BN B FT ⊘ V 0.16 0.13 0.72 0.86 0.47 B1 4.66 3.32 5.27 3.43 4.17 V1 6.07 4.87 6.23 3.91 5.27 V2 4.27 3.35 5.68 3.39 4.17

The tests prove that the cobuilder properties of the APG are comparable to those of Sokalan® CP 5, a copolymer of acrylic and maleic acid, which is a typical Cobuilder is, are.

In a simplified test program, further alkyl polyglycosides were examined as cobuilders. The machines were loaded with 1.7 kg of clean laundry and 0.1 kg of test fabric, the test fabric consisting of standardized cotton fabric (Krefeld laundry research institute; WFK). There were 25 washes in the washer dryer (Bosch exclusive) (washing conditions: tap water of 23 ⁰ d (equivalent to 230 mg CaO / l), amount of detergent used per wash: 80 g, 95 ° C wash program (including heating phase), liquor ratio (kg of laundry: Liters of wash liquor in the main wash cycle) 1: 8.4, rinsing three times with tap water, draining and drying in the washer dryer for 75 min).

The basic detergent used contained 7.5% by weight of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, 0.8% by weight of soap, 4% by weight of 7-fold ethoxylated C _12/18 alcohol, 26.6% by weight of zeolite NaA, 2 2% by weight of water glass, 2.7% by weight of TAED, 18.0% by weight of sodium perborate tetrahydrate and, in customary amounts, enzyme granules, foam inhibitor granules and other ingredients. Cobuilders according to Table 2 were added to the basic detergent. To 100% by weight, water and salts were added. used cobuilder. (The quantity refers to the active substance content in the entire detergent.) example quantity Cobuilder used B2 3.6% by weight C ₈ -APG with n = 1.64 and a free fatty alcohol content of 8% by weight, based on the active substance B3 3.0% by weight C ₈ -APG with n = 1.64 and a content of free fatty alcohol of 3% by weight based on the active substance B4 3.2% by weight C ₈ -APG with n = 2.5 and a content of free fatty alcohol of 3.5% by weight based on the active substance V3 3.0% by weight Cobuilder H 40, sodium salt of an acrylic acid-maleic acid polymer, M = 20,000 g / mol; Commercial product from Stockhausen

After 25 washing cycles, the ash content of the textile samples was determined quantitatively (Table 3). The consistently lower ash values compared to Table 1 can be explained by the washing conditions chosen here: there was no separate drying between the washing cycles, but instead was dried directly in the washer dryer. Ash formation (residue in g) B2 B3 B4 V3 V0 WFK 0.85 0.90 0.83 0.89 0.10

In example B3, APG was used in the same amount as the copolymer in V3. The The residue measured here also shows a comparable secondary washing behavior. B2 shows that the use of a larger amount of APG leads to a further improvement in the Secondary wash results, while B4 shows that an increase in Degree of oligomerization n also has a positive influence on ash formation.

Claims (10)

Use of alkyl polyglycosides as cobuilders in washing and / or cleaning agents, characterized in that alkyl polyglycosides according to the formula RO- (G) _n are used, in which the alkyl radical R represents at least one linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl radical or C ₂ -C ₁₀ polyhydroxyalkyl radical and G stands for a glycose unit and the degree of oligomerization n stands for a number from the range 1.2 to 3.0. Use of alkyl polyglycosides according to claim 1 as cobuilders, thereby characterized in that alkyl polyglycosides in which the degree of oligomerization n for a number from the range from 1.5 to 2.6, preferably from the range from 1.5 to 2.0 or 2.0 - 2.6, is used. Use of alkyl polyglycosides according to one of claims 1 or 2 as cobuilders, characterized in that alkyl polyglycosides in which the radical R is a linear or branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ alkyl radical, preferably a linear or branched C ₈ alkyl radical, or for a Mixture of different alkyl radicals having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably having 8 to 10 carbon atoms, can be used. Use of alkyl polyglycosides according to one of claims 1 to 3 as Cobuilder, characterized in that alkyl polyglycosides, in which the glycose unit G formed by glucose can be used. Use of alkyl polyglycosides according to one of claims 1 to 4 as Cobuilder, characterized in that the alkyl polyglycosides according to one of the Claims 1 to 4 in the washing and / or cleaning agents in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight, preferably 0.5-6% by weight and very particularly preferably 2-4 % By weight can be used. Detergents and / or cleaning agents containing 5-40% by weight of a surfactant system containing at least one anionic surfactant and at least one non-ionic surfactant and 10-80% by weight of a builder system containing 10-70% by weight Zeolite, 0 - 40 wt .-% sodium carbonate, 0 - 30 wt .-% sodium silicate and 0.5 - 20 wt .-% of an alkyl polyglycoside according to the formula RO- (G) _n , characterized in that R represents at least one linear or branched C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl radical or C ₂ -C ₁₀ polyhydroxyalkyl radical and G stands for a glycose unit and n stands for a number from the range 1.2 to 3.0 and no polymeric polycarboxylate is contained in the agents. Washing and / or cleaning agent according to claim 6, characterized in that the degree of oligomerization n of the alkyl polyglycosides contained in the agent according to the formula RO- (G) _n for a number from the range from 1.5 to 2.6, preferably from the ranges 1.5 - 2.0 or 2.0 - 2.6. Washing and / or cleaning agent according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the radical R of the alkyl polyglycosides contained in the agent according to the formula RO- (G) _n for a linear or branched C ₃ -C ₁₀ alkyl radical, preferably one linear or branched C ₈ alkyl radical, or for a mixture of different alkyl radicals having 3 to 10 C atoms, preferably having 8 to 10 C atoms. Washing and / or cleaning agent according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the glycose unit G of the alkyl polyglycosides contained in the agent is formed from glucose according to the formula RO- (G) _n . Washing and / or cleaning agent according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the alkyl polyglycosides according to the formula RO- (G) _n in embodiments as described in claims 6 to 9 in the agents in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight, preferably 0.5-6% by weight and very particularly preferably 2-4% by weight, are contained.