EP0972472A1 - Method for adjusting a sitting or lying element - Google Patents

Method for adjusting a sitting or lying element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0972472A1
EP0972472A1 EP98113310A EP98113310A EP0972472A1 EP 0972472 A1 EP0972472 A1 EP 0972472A1 EP 98113310 A EP98113310 A EP 98113310A EP 98113310 A EP98113310 A EP 98113310A EP 0972472 A1 EP0972472 A1 EP 0972472A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
ideal
user
lying
deformed
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98113310A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0972472B1 (en
Inventor
Bartholomäus Niedermühlbichler
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to ES98113310T priority Critical patent/ES2157628T3/en
Priority to EP98113310A priority patent/EP0972472B1/en
Priority to AT98113310T priority patent/ATE199634T1/en
Priority to DE59800535T priority patent/DE59800535D1/en
Publication of EP0972472A1 publication Critical patent/EP0972472A1/en
Priority to US09/573,935 priority patent/US6311570B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0972472B1 publication Critical patent/EP0972472B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/12—Means, e.g. measuring means for adapting chairs, beds or mattresses to the shape or weight of persons
    • A47C31/123—Means, e.g. measuring means for adapting chairs, beds or mattresses to the shape or weight of persons for beds or mattresses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C23/00—Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases
    • A47C23/12—Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases using tensioned springs, e.g. flat type
    • A47C23/28—Tensioning devices therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/02—Upholstery attaching means
    • A47C31/04—Clamps for attaching flat elastic strips or flat meandering springs to frames
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/12—Means, e.g. measuring means for adapting chairs, beds or mattresses to the shape or weight of persons
    • A47C31/126—Means, e.g. measuring means for adapting chairs, beds or mattresses to the shape or weight of persons for chairs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for adjusting a lying or sitting element a support frame and transverse to this elastic bands adjustable pretension, which varies by hanging up a person deformed below.
  • the contour of the loaded element determined by elastic bands, their pretension is adjustable. This results in the possibility of the bed element for the individual Optimally adjust users.
  • an ideal one for the user Contour of the deformed lying surface and an ideal pressure distribution can be determined and that while the user rests on the bed element, both the deformation the belts measured as the contact pressure and by changing the pretension be approximated to the desired value.
  • the ideal contour of the deformed lying surface is not reasonably determined by itself defined theoretical considerations, but by measuring the shape and especially the back shape of the user. Ultrasonic measuring devices set here suitable tool.
  • the bed element has a support frame 1 with longitudinal support parts 5, on which transversely extending elastic stretchable bands 2 are attached. Fastening the straps 2 on the support frame 1 takes place at least on one side of the band 2 via a Support frame arranged clamping device 6. By adjusting the Tensioning screw 4 of the tensioning device becomes a profile piece 3 on which the band is attached, moved in the direction of arrow 7, so that a tensile force on the corresponding Band 2 is exercised, through which the band is biased.
  • the prestresses of the individual belts are set differently.
  • one proceeds according to the invention in such a way that the user places it on the support and the Deflection of the individual bands through one below the bed element positioned observer is measured.
  • pressure sensors 8 only one of which is indicated by way of example, the contact pressure Corresponding signals are transmitted to an evaluation device. Adjusting the Setup then takes place in such a way that the tensioning screws 4 initially be rotated until the intended contour is reached. Then all those Tensioning screws 4 are adjusted, where the pressure deviates too much from the ideal has been determined. The process can be repeated until the best possible Approximation to the desired pressure and shape distribution and thus an optimal one Compromise is reached.
  • Known mats can be used for the intended pressure measurement, which contain a grid of sensors and the pressure distribution in different Play colors on a screen.
  • Such mats are made by Novel GmbH in Kunststoff distributed. This makes it easy to assign any pressure peaks to the responsible, overly pre-tensioned bands 2 and a quick correction possible.

Landscapes

  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)

Abstract

Transversally positioned, slightly elastic straps (2) are fixed with one of their ends to one of the long sides (1) of a rectangular frame. The opposite ends are guided around a bar (5), positioned along the inside of the frame (1) and joined to short sticks (3), which can be pushed towards the center of the frame (1) by the tip of a screw (4), which is rotated in order to put a certain tension on the strap (2). Each of the straps (2) can be individually adjusted either according to the feedback of the person occupying the bed, or by the use of sensors (8).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Einstellung eines Liege- oder Sitzelementes mit einem Tragrahmen und quer zu diesem verlaufenden elastischen Bändern mit einstellbarer Vorspannung, welche durch Auflegen einer Person verschieden weit nach unten verformt werden.The invention relates to a method for adjusting a lying or sitting element a support frame and transverse to this elastic bands adjustable pretension, which varies by hanging up a person deformed below.

Aus EP 0 270 582 ist ein Liegeelement bekannt geworden, bei welchem an einem Tragrahmen mehrere nicht dehnbare, quer zum Trägerrahmen verlaufende Bänder vorgesehen sind. Die Länge der Bänder ist einstellbar Die Kontur des belasteten Elements bestimmt sich unabhängig vom Gewicht der darauf liegenden Person aus der Länge der undehnbaren Bänder. Der Druck zwischen den Bändern und den aufliegenden Körperstellen ergibt sich zwangsläufig aus den anatomischen Gegebenheiten.From EP 0 270 582 a couch element has become known, in which one Support frame several non-stretchable straps running across the support frame are provided. The length of the straps is adjustable. The contour of the loaded Elements is determined regardless of the weight of the person lying on it the length of the inextensible ligaments. The pressure between the bands and the overlying parts of the body inevitably result from the anatomical Circumstances.

Aus US 2,788,531 ist andererseits ein Liegeelement mit quer zum Tragrahmen verlaufenden elastischen Bändern bekannt geworden. Die einzelnen Bänder sind nicht einstellbar, weisen aber untereinander verschiedene, nach statistischen Überlegungen gewählte Federcharakteristiken auf. Die Elastizität der Bänder, welche durch seitlich angeordnete Federn bestimmt ist, ist so groß, daß es angeblich nicht darauf ankommt, ob der Benützer die Einrichtung in Seiten- oder Rückenlage verwendet. Bei der Einrichtung nach US 2,788,531 stellt sich sowohl die Kontur des belasteten Beiles wie auch der Auflagedruck nach den individuellen Gegebenheiten ein. Bedenkt man, daß für die Berechnung der statistisch festgelegten Idealkontur Rotationssymmetrie des menschlichen Körpers angenommen wird und daß die Abweichung der Benützer vom statistischen Mittel sehr erheblich sein kann, wird hier echter Liegekomfort höchstens zufällig erreicht.From US 2,788,531, on the other hand, is a lying element with a cross to the supporting frame trending elastic bands become known. The individual tapes are not adjustable, but different from each other, according to statistical considerations selected spring characteristics. The elasticity of the bands, which is due to the side arranged springs is so large that supposedly it does not matter whether the user uses the device lying on its side or on its back. In the Device according to US 2,788,531 both the contour of the loaded hatchet and also the contact pressure according to the individual circumstances. Considering that for the calculation of the statistically determined ideal contour rotational symmetry of the human body and that the deviation of the user from the statistical means can be very substantial, here is real lying comfort at most reached by chance.

Bei der vom Anmelder entwickelten eingangs skizzierten Einrichtung wird die Kontur des belasteten Elements von elastischen Bändern bestimmt, deren Vorspannung einstellbar ist. Damit ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, das Liegeelement für den einzelnen Benützer optimal einzustellen. In the device outlined at the outset by the applicant, the contour of the loaded element determined by elastic bands, their pretension is adjustable. This results in the possibility of the bed element for the individual Optimally adjust users.

Erfindungsgemäß ist hierzu vorgesehen, daß für den Benützer individuell eine ideale Kontur der verformten Liegefläche und eine ideale Druckverteilung festgelegt werden und daß, während der Benützer auf dem Liegeelement aufliegt, sowohl die Verformung der Bänder wie der Auflagedruck gemessen und durch Veränderung der Vorspannung dem gewünschten Wert angenähert werden.According to the invention it is provided that an ideal one for the user Contour of the deformed lying surface and an ideal pressure distribution can be determined and that while the user rests on the bed element, both the deformation the belts measured as the contact pressure and by changing the pretension be approximated to the desired value.

Die ideale Kontur der verformten Liegefläche wird vernünftigerweise nicht alleine durch theoretische Überlegungen definiert, sondern durch Vermessung der Gestalt und insbesondere der Rückenform des Benützers. Ultraschallmeßgeräte stellen hierbei ein geeignetes Hilfsmittel dar.The ideal contour of the deformed lying surface is not reasonably determined by itself defined theoretical considerations, but by measuring the shape and especially the back shape of the user. Ultrasonic measuring devices set here suitable tool.

Was die Druckverteilung angeht, so kann es als ideal angesehen werden, wenn jede aufliegende Hautpartie gleich belastet ist. Die Erfindung erlaubt es zunächst, grobe Abweichungen von diesem Ideal in Form von Belastungsspitzen zu vermeiden. Außerdem kann bewußt der auf einzelne Körperpartien wirkende Druck relativ hoch gehalten werden, um eine allmähliche Änderung der vorgefundenen Ausgangskontur des Benützers zu bewirken.In terms of pressure distribution, it can be considered ideal if each overlying skin area is equally loaded. The invention initially allows rough Avoid deviations from this ideal in the form of peak loads. In addition, the pressure acting on individual parts of the body can be relatively high be held to a gradual change in the found initial contour of the user.

Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anschließend anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Teiles des Liegeelementes und
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie X-X in Fig. 1.
    • Details of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a part of the bed element and
  • 2 shows a section along the line XX in FIG. 1st

    • Das Liegeelement weist einen Tragrahmen 1 mit Längstragteilen 5 auf, an denen quer verlaufende elastisch dehnbare Bänder 2 befestigt sind. Die Befestigung der Bänder 2 am Tragrahmen 1 erfolgt jeweils zumindest auf einer Seite des Bandes 2 über eine am Tragrahmen angeordnete Spanneinrichtung 6. Durch eine Verstellung der Spannschraube 4 der Spanneinrichtung wird ein Profilstück 3, an dem das Band befestigt ist, in Pfeilrichtung 7 verschoben, sodaß eine Zugkraft auf das entsprechende Band 2 ausgeübt wird, durch die das Band vorgespannt wird.The bed element has a support frame 1 with longitudinal support parts 5, on which transversely extending elastic stretchable bands 2 are attached. Fastening the straps 2 on the support frame 1 takes place at least on one side of the band 2 via a Support frame arranged clamping device 6. By adjusting the Tensioning screw 4 of the tensioning device becomes a profile piece 3 on which the band is attached, moved in the direction of arrow 7, so that a tensile force on the corresponding Band 2 is exercised, through which the band is biased.

    Die Vorspannungen der einzelnen Bänder werden unterschiedlich eingestellt. Dabei geht man erfindungsgemäß so vor, daß der Benützer auf die Auflage gelegt und die Durchbiegung der einzelnen Bänder durch einen unterhalb des Liegeelementes positionierten Beobachter gemessen wird. Gleichzeitig werden durch Drucksensoren 8, von welchen lediglich einer beispielhaft angedeutet ist, dem Auflagedruck entsprechende Signale an eine Auswerteeinrichtung übermittelt. Die Justierung der Einrichtung erfolgt dann in der Weise, daß zunächst die Spannschrauben 4 solange verdreht werden, bis die vorgesehene Kontur erreicht ist. Anschließend werden all jene Spannschrauben 4 verstellt, bei denen ein zu stark vom Ideal abweichender Druck festgestellt worden ist. Das Verfahren kann wiederholt werden, bis die bestmögliche Annäherung an die gewünschte Druck- und Formverteilung und damit ein optimaler Kompromiß erreicht ist.The prestresses of the individual belts are set differently. Here one proceeds according to the invention in such a way that the user places it on the support and the Deflection of the individual bands through one below the bed element positioned observer is measured. At the same time, pressure sensors 8, only one of which is indicated by way of example, the contact pressure Corresponding signals are transmitted to an evaluation device. Adjusting the Setup then takes place in such a way that the tensioning screws 4 initially be rotated until the intended contour is reached. Then all those Tensioning screws 4 are adjusted, where the pressure deviates too much from the ideal has been determined. The process can be repeated until the best possible Approximation to the desired pressure and shape distribution and thus an optimal one Compromise is reached.

    Für die vorgesehene Druckmessung können bekannte Matten verwendet werden, welche einen Raster von Sensoren enthalten und die Druckverteilung in verschiedenen Farben auf einem Bildschirm wiedergeben. Solche Matten werden von Novel GmbH in München vertrieben. Damit ist eine einfache Zuordnung allfälliger Druckspitzen zu den dafür verantwortlichen, zu stark vorgespannten Bändern 2 und eine rasche Korrektur möglich.Known mats can be used for the intended pressure measurement, which contain a grid of sensors and the pressure distribution in different Play colors on a screen. Such mats are made by Novel GmbH in Munich distributed. This makes it easy to assign any pressure peaks to the responsible, overly pre-tensioned bands 2 and a quick correction possible.

    Claims (4)

    Verfahren zur Einstellung eines Liege- oder Sitzelementes mit einem Tragrahmen (1) und quer zu diesem verlaufenden elastischen Bändern (2) mit einstellbarer Vorspannung, welche durch Auflegen einer Person verschieden weit nach unten verformt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Benützer individuell eine ideale Kontur der verformten Liege- bzw. Sitzfläche und eine ideale Druckverteilung festgelegt werden und daß, während der Benützer auf dem Element aufliegt, sowohl die Verformung der Bänder (2) wie der Auflagedruck gemessen werden und durch Veränderung der Vorspannung dem gewünschten Wert angenähert werden.Method for adjusting a lying or sitting element with a support frame (1) and transverse to this elastic bands (2) with adjustable Preload, which is caused by laying down a person at different levels are deformed, characterized in that an individual for the user ideal contour of the deformed lying or seat surface and ideal pressure distribution and that while the user is resting on the element both the deformation of the strips (2) and the contact pressure can be measured and can be approximated to the desired value by changing the preload. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ideale Kontur der verformten Liege- bzw. Sitzfläche ausgehend von einer Vermessung des Benützers festgelegt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ideal contour of the deformed couch or seat based on a measurement of the user is set. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ideale Druckverteilung ausgehend von einem überall gleichen Druck festgelegt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ideal Pressure distribution is determined based on the same pressure everywhere. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auflagedruck mittels einer an sich bekannten Druckmeßmatte gemessen wird, welche die Druckverteilung in verschiedenen Farben auf einem Bildschirm wiedergibt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact pressure by means of a known pressure measuring mat is measured, which the Print distribution in different colors on a screen.
    EP98113310A 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Method for adjusting a sitting or lying element Expired - Lifetime EP0972472B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (5)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    ES98113310T ES2157628T3 (en) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 PROCEDURE FOR ADJUSTMENT OF A BED OR SEAT ELEMENT.
    EP98113310A EP0972472B1 (en) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Method for adjusting a sitting or lying element
    AT98113310T ATE199634T1 (en) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 METHOD FOR ADJUSTING A LYING OR SEATING ELEMENT
    DE59800535T DE59800535D1 (en) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Procedure for adjusting a lying or sitting element
    US09/573,935 US6311570B1 (en) 1998-07-16 2000-05-18 Method of adjusting a lying or sitting element

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP98113310A EP0972472B1 (en) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Method for adjusting a sitting or lying element
    US09/573,935 US6311570B1 (en) 1998-07-16 2000-05-18 Method of adjusting a lying or sitting element

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0972472A1 true EP0972472A1 (en) 2000-01-19
    EP0972472B1 EP0972472B1 (en) 2001-03-14

    Family

    ID=26149437

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP98113310A Expired - Lifetime EP0972472B1 (en) 1998-07-16 1998-07-16 Method for adjusting a sitting or lying element

    Country Status (5)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6311570B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP0972472B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE199634T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE59800535D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2157628T3 (en)

    Cited By (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2003097403A1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-27 Intier Automotive Inc. Adjustable attachment and tensioning assembly for the suspension of a seat assembly
    EP1935289A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-25 Lisana Lectus AG Comfortable couch

    Families Citing this family (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US6868565B2 (en) * 2003-05-08 2005-03-22 David J. Frey Bed including user adaptable support structure
    US7556317B2 (en) * 2004-04-28 2009-07-07 Homecrest Outdoor Living Llc Method of tensioning fabric and furniture construction
    US10159351B1 (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-12-25 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Variable stiffness textile panel assembly
    CN110973877B (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-08-29 临海市渝兴工艺品有限公司 Reclining chair
    CN114680509B (en) * 2022-03-29 2023-09-01 慕思健康睡眠股份有限公司 Mattress with adjustable hardness

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    US2788531A (en) 1953-12-30 1957-04-16 Cornell Aeronautical Labor Inc Self-equalizing, self-aligning body support
    EP0111898A1 (en) * 1982-12-18 1984-06-27 Arthur Lieberknecht Bed bottom with cross beams and resilient connecting pieces
    WO1987007125A1 (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-12-03 Hermann Huemer Element for reclining or sitting
    EP0489310A1 (en) * 1990-12-06 1992-06-10 Biomechanics Corporation Of America Feedback system for load bearing surface
    US5148706A (en) * 1991-05-29 1992-09-22 France Bed Co., Ltd. Apparatus for selecting mattress
    DE19504527A1 (en) * 1995-02-11 1995-08-31 Kurt Lessau Mattress, pref. covered with polyamide
    US5446933A (en) * 1992-07-08 1995-09-05 Gabelhouse; Robert D. J. Bed with a plurality of vertically aligned body support members which communicate with a common fluid chamber
    US5523040A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-06-04 Baylor College Of Medicine Method and apparatus for making a custom support

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    US4010980A (en) * 1975-01-03 1977-03-08 Emanuel Dubinsky Covers for outdoor chairs
    DE3361727D1 (en) * 1982-10-22 1986-02-13 Castelli Spa Chair having a back comprising a plurality of articulated segments
    AU632290B2 (en) * 1988-11-07 1992-12-24 Altasol Nominees Pty. Ltd. A screen assembly

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    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US2788531A (en) 1953-12-30 1957-04-16 Cornell Aeronautical Labor Inc Self-equalizing, self-aligning body support
    EP0111898A1 (en) * 1982-12-18 1984-06-27 Arthur Lieberknecht Bed bottom with cross beams and resilient connecting pieces
    WO1987007125A1 (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-12-03 Hermann Huemer Element for reclining or sitting
    EP0270582A1 (en) 1986-05-22 1988-06-15 Hermann Huemer Element for reclining or sitting.
    EP0489310A1 (en) * 1990-12-06 1992-06-10 Biomechanics Corporation Of America Feedback system for load bearing surface
    US5148706A (en) * 1991-05-29 1992-09-22 France Bed Co., Ltd. Apparatus for selecting mattress
    US5446933A (en) * 1992-07-08 1995-09-05 Gabelhouse; Robert D. J. Bed with a plurality of vertically aligned body support members which communicate with a common fluid chamber
    US5523040A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-06-04 Baylor College Of Medicine Method and apparatus for making a custom support
    DE19504527A1 (en) * 1995-02-11 1995-08-31 Kurt Lessau Mattress, pref. covered with polyamide

    Cited By (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2003097403A1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-27 Intier Automotive Inc. Adjustable attachment and tensioning assembly for the suspension of a seat assembly
    US7367629B2 (en) 2002-05-15 2008-05-06 Intier Automotive Inc. Adjustable attachment and tensioning assembly for the suspension of a seat assembly
    CN100434308C (en) * 2002-05-15 2008-11-19 英提尔汽车公司 Adjustable attachment and tensioning assembly for the suspension of a seat assembly
    EP1935289A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-25 Lisana Lectus AG Comfortable couch

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0972472B1 (en) 2001-03-14
    ES2157628T3 (en) 2001-08-16
    US6311570B1 (en) 2001-11-06
    DE59800535D1 (en) 2001-04-19
    ATE199634T1 (en) 2001-03-15

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