EP0970458B1 - Walk-test control circuit for security alarm device - Google Patents
Walk-test control circuit for security alarm device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0970458B1 EP0970458B1 EP98913463A EP98913463A EP0970458B1 EP 0970458 B1 EP0970458 B1 EP 0970458B1 EP 98913463 A EP98913463 A EP 98913463A EP 98913463 A EP98913463 A EP 98913463A EP 0970458 B1 EP0970458 B1 EP 0970458B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- test
- detector
- switch
- signal
- detection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
- G08B29/14—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits
Definitions
- This invention relates to a control circuit in a security alarm device to control the operation of a test indicator therein.
- Various security alarm devices are well known in the art. These devices sense various physical parameters in a space being monitored to detect unusual conditions indicating the presence of a potential alarm situation.
- Such devices such as for example motion detectors based on detection of changes in infrared radiation patterns, motion detectors based on reflection of microwave or of ultrasonic signals transmitted into the space, vibration sensors, contact detectors, glassbreak detectors and so on. Some detectors combine different technologies into a single device.
- Each of the devices in a security system is connected to communicate to an alarm panel.
- the panel monitors the status of all of the devices in the system and the system as a whole. When a valid alarm condition arises, the panel communicates same, usually by the public telephone system, to an outside agency such as the police or more commonly in recent years an alarm monitoring agency.
- PIR passive infrared
- microwave motion detectors are quite directional in their coverage.
- a PIR detector defines via its lens and sensor sub-systems a very specific coverage pattern in which there are multiple zones. Consequently, when detectors of this kind are installed, they should be properly aligned to provide the proper coverage in the premises to be protected. Subsequently, after installation, their continued proper alignment should be periodically checked.
- the testing and checking of an alarm device is frequently done by means of a walk-test.
- a walk-test for example on a PIR motion detector
- the person doing the test carefully walks through the space intended to be monitored by the detector.
- the detector As he walks through the space, he watches for a detection response from the detector.
- the detector is provided with a small lamp, such as an LED, which lights when a detection has been sensed.
- the person can assess whether the detector is identifying movement in the proper physical space where it is desired to detect such movement. If necessary, the detector can be adjusted or replaced to provide the correct coverage.
- a proper walk-test should be done carefully.
- the walk-test indicator lamp can be permanently enabled, such that even when no specific walk-test is being done the walk-test lamp will light when a detection occurs. This means that, for example in an office setting, during the day as people walk by the detector, the walk-test lamp would be constantly turning on and off.
- Such continuous detection activity would, however, represent an unnecessary energy drain on a battery-powered, wireless detection device. Accordingly, it is desirable in a wireless device to have all circuits active only when it is necessary for them to be active. This means enabling them and disabling them under the appropriate conditions or at the appropriate times. Thus, a walk-test circuit or lamp should only be enabled or engaged when it is necessary to perform a walk-test.
- United States patent no. 5,499,012 discloses such a system in which operation of a tamper switch triggers enablement of the walk-test circuit and also operation of a timer.
- the walk-test circuit is disabled. In other words, a limited period of time is available during which a walk-test can be performed.
- the ability to continue with a walk-test is terminated.
- To operate the tamper switch in the first place it is usually necessary for the user to climb up (on a ladder, chair or the like) to reach the device because typically the alarm devices are often placed up high where they are not easily or accidentally disturbed.
- the continuity, reliability and thus results of the walk-test may therefore be suspect.
- the user knows in advance that there is insufficient time for conducting a complete and careful proper walk-test, then he may be encouraged to perform the walk-test quickly with less precision and care than would be desired. The result in all such cases would be that the test may not be reliable.
- the walk-test period is set too long, then there may be many more detections than is necessary (for example, after the walk-test per se has been concluded, other people walk by the detector causing detections to be annunciated on the walk-test lamp) with attendant unnecessary energy drain on the battery.
- An intrusion detector for monitoring a space comprises sensing means for generating detection signals in response to detections of events occurring in the space; indicating means for receiving the detection signals and for generating detection indicating in response thereto; controllable switch means operably interposed between the sensing means and the indicating means for connecting or disconnecting the sensing means and the indicating means; switch control means connected to the switch means; test triggering means connected to said switch control means for generating an initiate-test signal to said switch control means; said switch control means also connected to the sensing means for receiving and counting detection signals whereby the switch control means controls the operation of the controllable switch means by generating a switch control signal in response to the initiate-test signal and to the counting of detection signals.
- test triggering means comprises a tamper switch means.
- test triggering means further comprises delayed trigger means for delaying the generating of an initiate-test signal.
- detector is operable in a normal mode with said switch means disconnecting the sensing means and the indicating means, and operable in a test mode with said switching means connecting the sensing means and the indicating means.
- the detector ceases the test mode and returns to the normal mode after of predetermined number of detection signals being encountered after initiation of said test mode.
- a process for conducting a test of an intrusion detection comprises producing a initiate-test signal in response to a predetermined user input; in response to the initiate-test signal connecting a sensing means with a visual indicating means which is activated when said sensing means generates a detection signal, counting the number of detection signals and disconnecting the visual indicating means and said sensing means when the count of said detection signals reaches a predetermined number.
- the process includes the user input being produced by actuation of a tamper switch means of the intrusion detector.
- the predetermined user input is a signal transmitted to a remote panel in communication with the intrusion detector.
- the process is used to evaluate a series of intrusion detectors of an intrusion detection system.
- the process includes providing a predetermined time delay in counting the number of detection signals after the initiation signal is received.
- the process of the present invention is used to test an intrusion detector of an intrusion detection system wherein the intrusion detector includes sensing means for generating detection signals, indicating means for receiving detection signals and generating detection indications in response thereto; a controllable switch means which connects or disconnects the sensing means and the indicating means from each other; switch control means connected to said switch means; and test triggering means in communication with said switch control means for generating an initiate-test signal.
- the intrusion detector includes sensing means for generating detection signals, indicating means for receiving detection signals and generating detection indications in response thereto; a controllable switch means which connects or disconnects the sensing means and the indicating means from each other; switch control means connected to said switch means; and test triggering means in communication with said switch control means for generating an initiate-test signal.
- the process comprises using said test triggering means to generate an initiate-test signal and providing said initiate-test signal to said switch control means to connect said sensing means and indicating means using said controllable switch means; counting the number of detector signals generated by the sensing means and disconnecting the indicating means and the sensing means when the count of said detection signal reaches a predetermined number.
- System 100 comprises panel 102 to which various alarm detection devices 104 are connected. At least one of such devices is a wireless alarm detection device 10 according to one embodiment of the invention. Another of such devices may be a wireless alarm detection device 40 according to another embodiment of the invention.
- Panel 102 is connected to communicate to an external alarm service 106. Panel 102 may also be connected to control the operation of a local alarm annunciation device 108, such as a siren, bell or other sounder device.
- a local alarm annunciation device 108 such as a siren, bell or other sounder device.
- Alarm detection device 10 contains alarm detection and transmission circuitry 12 which, when an alarm event is detected, generates a detection signal according to the conventional design of the detector 12.
- the detection signal is transmitted in conventional manner by detection and transmission circuitry 12 to the remote alarm panel 102.
- a walk-test circuit according to the invention is connected to detection and transmission circuitry 12 to receive the detection signal. More particularly, detection and transmission circuitry 12 is connected to the walk-test indicator 14, usually an LED lamp, through switch means 16. For a detection signal from detector 12 to reach lamp 14, switch means 16 must be in the closed position.
- Control means 20 is connected to switch means 16 to control the operation of same.
- Alarm detector 12 is also directly connected to control means 20 whereby a detection signal is passed directly to control means 20.
- switch means 16 In normal operating conditions, switch means 16 in fact will be in the open position, so that a detection signal in fact will not reach lamp 14 and therefore no energy will be wasted powering lamp 14 during normal operating conditions.
- a walk-test trigger means 18 is provided and connected to control means 20.
- the walk-test trigger means 18 must be manually operated when it is desired to conduct a walk-test.
- control means 20 When the walk-test trigger means 18 is actuated and a trigger signal passed to control means 20, control means 20 in turn issues a "switch close” signal to switch means 16.
- Control means 20 maintains the "switch close” signal for as long as the walk-test continues.
- Control means 20 operates to count the number of detections, i.e. the number of detected events, generated by detector 12. When a pre-determined number of detections has been counted, control means 20 removes the "switch close" signal to switch means 16, thus allowing switch means 16 to revert to the normally open position.
- control means 20 functions to count down from a pre-determined count number and at zero to issue a "switch change" signal.
- the pre-determined target count number could be pre-determined and set at the factory or it could be programmed on site by an installer.
- count-down means 21 One embodiment of count-down means 21 is illustrated in greater detail.
- counter means 22 counts the number of detection signals received from detector 12.
- the pre-determined target count number is stored in memory means 24.
- the output of counter 22 and the predetermined target number are compared in comparator means 26. When the count matches the target count number, comparator means 26 generates the "switch change" signal.
- count down means cold be used, such as for example a programmable count down means.
- switch control logic 28 receives the trigger signal from the walk-test trigger means 18. Logic 28 generates the "switch close” signal only when the walk-test trigger means 18 has been triggered and no "switch change” signal has been generated by comparator means 26.
- Delay means 30 operates to generate a delayed trigger signal after a pre-determined delay period.
- Walk-test trigger means 18 may be a dedicated switch on detector device 10.
- the tamper switch 42 may serve the further purpose of the walk-test trigger means 18.
- a tamper switch 42 may replace a dedicated walk-test trigger means 18.
- the remote panel 102 or ultimately the remote monitoring service 106, must be aware of the difference between a true tamper alarm condition and a tripping of the tamper switch 42 for the purpose of conducting a walk-test. This may be accomplished according to whether alarm system 100 is in an armed or a disarmed state. If it is desired to perform a walk-test, the user must ensure that system 100 is placed in the disarmed state. If it is not a test situation and it is desired to interpret tamper signals as true alarm conditions, the user must place system 100 in the armed state.
- panel 102 may be equipped to be placed into a special walk-test mode during which tamper events will not be reported to service 106.
- an authorized person wishing to do a walk-test may contact the remote monitoring service 106 in advance and inform them he is about to do a walk-test. Accordingly, if panel 102 is configured to always report any tamper event to service 106, service 106 will know to ignore any tamper event transmission received during the walk-test.
- the transmitter component Another component of a battery-powered, wireless alarm detector which may require particular attention is the transmitter component. If the transmitter transmits too frequently it may unnecessarily drain the limited energy available to the detector. Conventional theory is that only one transmission is sufficient to identify an alarm. Multiple alarms and multiple transmissions caused by the same intrusion event, for example as an intruder walks through the various zones of a PIR detector, offer no additional information and thus represent an unnecessary energy drain. Accordingly, it is known to disable, or lock-out, a transmitter for a fixed period of time (for example, 2 minutes) after a first alarm transmission has been sent.
- a fixed period of time for example, 2 minutes
- Applicant has conceived that, in certain circumstances like a walk-test situation, it may in fact be desirable to operate the transmitter with each alarm detection, in spite of the potential for energy drain - for example, to test the transmitter's operation to ensure that its signal is being properly transmitted and received.
- Panel 102 may confirm reception by causing sounder device 108 to operate, which will be heard remotely by the person doing the walk-test, thus confirming to him both proper transmission and reception.
- control means 20 in conjunction with other circuitry described below may be used to effect such transmitter enablement and disablement.
- transmitter means 53 accepts a processed alarm detection signal at input 53A and a tamper alarm signal at input 53B.
- Transmitter means 53 then processes these inputs to prepare an appropriate coded data stream for transmission. For example, a code for a tamper alarm may be combined with unique pre-programmed identification indicia for device 40 into a data stream which will identify the device and report that its tamper alarm has been tripped.
- controllable switch means 52 passes an alarm detection signal to lock-out means 54 which functions to inhibit, during a pre-determined time after a first alarm detection signal, any further alarm detection signals from being transferred to transmitter means 53.
- tamper switch 42 is used to initiate the operation of control means 20.
- control means 20 in addition to the output of control means being connected to controllable switch means 16, it is also connected to controllable switch means 52. Accordingly, a tamper signal through control means 20 will change the position of controllable switch means 52.
- a detection signal bypasses lock-out means 54 and is passed directly to through logic 56 to transmitter means 53.
- alternate means are illustrated to control the enablement and disablement of transmitter means 53 in device 40a.
- the output of tamper switch 42 is used to initiate the operation of control means 20.
- only one controllable switch means 52a is used. Accordingly, a tamper signal through control means 20 will change the position of controllable switch means 52, thus enabling indicator lamp 14a.
- a detection signal bypasses lock-out means 54 and is passed directly to through logic 56 to transmitter means 53.
- transmitter means 53b is operable, each time it is enabled to transmit, to provide an output signal to OR gate 59.
- OR gate 59 Through OR gate 59, every detection signal and every tamper signal thus triggers indicator means 14b, which could advantageously be in this embodiment a sound emitting device. Every time transmitter means 53b is enabled, the indicator would be triggered; in effect, the indicator means becomes a transmission indicator.
- This embodiment may be particularly useful in detectors in which the sensing elements are not constantly activated by every day use and yet for which there may be conditions that should be brought to the attention of the user.
- a low battery condition sensed by the device could be annunciated by the "chirp" of a sound emitting device.
- unusual device transmissions may indicate trouble in the device requiring the attention of the user.
- a user who desires to conduct a walk-test will first ensure that the system 100 is disarmed. He will then trigger the walk-test switch 18 or tamper switch 42, as the case may be. For the typically placed detector 10, he would have to climb-up on a ladder or chair to do so. The brief delay established by delay means 30 allows time for the user to get off the ladder or chair without triggering relevant detection events. After the delay period expires, a delayed trigger signal is generated to logic means 28. Such triggering would cause logic means 28 to generate a "close switch" signal which is communicated to switch means 16. Switch means 16 then closes, thus creating a signal path from alarm detector 12 to lamp 14. The user may then at his leisure carefully and precisely conduct a walk-test without any artificial time pressures and without having to climb-up the ladder again.
- switch change signal which via logic means 28 causes removal of the "switch close” signal and thus allows switch means 16 to open. The opening of switch means 16 terminates the walk-test.
- the pre-determined target count number stored in memory means 24 is selected so that it is large enough to allow a proper walk-test to be performed for the particular type of detector, but not so large that it will be an undue drain on the battery before the walk-test is terminated. For example, if a PIR detector will trigger, say, 20 detection events during a careful and proper walk-test as the user walks through the zones of the PIR, then the target number might be set at, say, 25. This would allow the user to conduct a full and proper walk test and even repeat some of it. If, after conducting the walk-test and getting 20 detections, the user was fully satisfied with the performance of the device and he then moved away from the unit, there would still be 5 counts left on the counter.
- the unit would continue indefinitely to stay enabled to do further walk-testing.
- the walk test is being done in the disarmed state
- the normal activities of people in the premises during the disarmed state will cause the counter to reach the target number. That is, persons who happen normally to pass by, will be detected, which detections will be added to the count until the count reaches the target number.
- switch means 16 opens thus disabling further communication of detection signals to lamp 14.
- the system of the invention has been particularly described above in connection with a stand-alone intrusion detector device in which the physical components of the inventive circuitry are closely associated together in or as part of the device. It will be appreciated however that in a two-way system, for example a hard-wired system in which the detector devices are capable of two-way communication with the alarm panel, the components of the inventive system could be physically separated with some components being located at the panel and others at the device.
- such a two-way system is shown generally as 200.
- the communication channels are established by RF transmission, but they could be by any other suitable means, such as by hard-wired, infrared or ultrasonic structures and protocols.
- the alarm device generally indicated as 210, is connected to panel 230 via the communication channels.
- alarm detector 212 is connected to alarm indicator means 214 through controllable switch means 216, in the manner previously described above.
- Alarm detection signals and tamper signals are likewise delievered to transmitter 220 in the manner generally described above.
- Receiver means 222 is connected to switch means 216 to control same in accordance with signals received from remote panel 230.
- Panel 230 incorporates a receiver 232 for receiving the signals transmitted by transmitter 220. Receiver 232 in turn passes those signals to control means 234 which in turn is connected to transmitter 236. In the manner generally described above, control means 234 operates to, upon receipt of a tamper signal, send a "close switch” signal to receiver 222 via transmitter 236. Control means 234 then counts a pre-determined number of alarm detections and then sends a "change switch” signal to receiver 222 again via transmitter 236.
- the person conducting the walk-test may conduct a careful and precise walk-test, without artificial time pressures.
- use of the circuit according to the invention allows for more carefully controlled use of energy, particularly important in a battery-powered, wireless device.
- Each walk-test essentially represents a known amount of energy drain.
- the system of the invention has been particularly described in connection with a battery-powered alarm device. It will be appreciated that the system of the invention could as well be used in any alarm device in which it is desired to control the enablement or disablement of an indicator lamp - for example, in a hard-wired alarm system in which the entire system must have a battery-powered back-up power supply or in any device on which it is not desired to have an intrusion detection indicator except during test conditions (so as not to betray the device's detection pattern to unauthorized persons).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Description
indicating means for receiving the detection signals and for generating detection indicating in response thereto; controllable switch means operably interposed between the sensing means and the indicating means for connecting or disconnecting the sensing means and the indicating means; switch control means connected to the switch means; test triggering means connected to said switch control means for generating an initiate-test signal to said switch control means; said switch control means also connected to the sensing means for receiving and counting detection signals whereby the switch control means controls the operation of the controllable switch means by generating a switch control signal in response to the initiate-test signal and to the counting of detection signals.
In a different aspect of the invention the detector ceases the test mode and returns to the normal mode after of predetermined number of detection signals being encountered after initiation of said test mode.
switch control means connected to said switch means; and test triggering means in communication with said switch control means for generating an initiate-test signal.
The process comprises using said test triggering means to generate an initiate-test signal and providing said initiate-test signal to said switch control means to connect said sensing means and indicating means using said controllable switch means;
counting the number of detector signals generated by the sensing means and disconnecting the indicating means and the sensing means when the count of said detection signal reaches a predetermined number.
Claims (11)
- An intrusion detector (10, 40) for monitoring a space comprising:sensing means (12) for generating detection signals in response to detections of events occurring in the space;indicating means (14) for receiving the detection signals and for generating detection indications in response thereto;controllable switch means (16) operably interposed between the sensing means and the indicating means for connecting or disconnecting the sensing means and the indicating means;switch control means (20) connected to the switch means (16);test triggering means (18) connected to said switch control means for generating an initiate-test signal to said switch control means;said switch control means (20) also connected to the sensing means (12) for receiving and counting detection signals whereby the switch control means controls the operation of the controllable switch means by generating a switch control signal in response to the initiate-test signal and to the counting of detection signals.
- A detector (10, 40) in accordance with claim 1 wherein said test triggering means (18) comprises a tamper switch means (42).
- A detector (10, 40) in accordance with claim 1 wherein said test triggering means (18) further comprises delayed trigger means (30) for delaying the generating of an initiate-test signal.
- A detector (10, 40) as claimed in claim 1 wherein said detector (10, 40) is operable in a normal mode with said switch means (16) disconnecting the sensing means (12) and the indicating means (14) and operable in a test mode with said switching means (16) connecting the sensing means (12) and the indicating means (14).
- A detector (10, 40) as claimed in claim 1 wherein said detector (10, 40) ceases the test mode and returns to the normal mode after a predetermined number of detection signals being encountered after initiation of said test mode.
- A process for conducting a test of an intrusion detector (10, 40):comprising producing a initiate-test signal in response to a predetermined user input;in response to the initiate-test signal connecting a sensing means (12) with a visual indicating means (14) which is activated when said sensing means (12) generates a detection signal, counting the number of detection signals, and disconnecting the visual indicating means (14) and said sensing means (12) when the count of said detection signals reaches a predetermined number.
- A process as claimed in claim 6 wherein the user input is produced by a tamper switch means (42) of the intrusion detector (10, 40).
- A process as claimed in claim 6 including providing a signal transmission arrangement between the intrusion detector (10, 40) and a remote panel (230, 232, 236), transmitting said initiate-test signal to the remote panel (230, 232, 236) and controlling the connection of the sensing means (212) and the indicating means (214) by a signal transmission from the remote panel (230) to the intrusion detector (10, 40).
- A process as claimed in claim 6 used to evaluate a series of intrusion detectors (10, 40) of an intrusion detection system (100).
- A process as claimed in claim 6, 7, 8 or claim 9 including providing a predetermined time delay in counting the number of detection signals after the initiation signal is received.
- A process used to test an intrusion detector (10, 40) of an intrusion detection system (100) wherein the intrusion detector includes
sensing means (12) for generating detection signals, indicating means (14) for receiving detection signals and generating detection indications in response thereto;
a controllable switch means (16) which connects or disconnects the sensing means and the indicating means from each other;
switch control means (20) connected to said switch means (16);
test triggering means (18) in communication with said switch control means (20) for generating an initiate-test signal;
said process comprising:using said test triggering means (18) to generate an initiate-test signal and providing saidinitiate-test signal to said switch control means (20) to connect said sensing means (12) and said indicating means (14) using said controllable switch means (16);counting the number of detector signals generated by the sensing means (12), and disconnecting the indicating means (14) and the sensing means (12) when the count of said detection signal reaches a predetermined number.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2200994 | 1997-03-25 | ||
CA002200994A CA2200994C (en) | 1997-03-25 | 1997-03-25 | Walk-test control circuit for security alarm device |
PCT/CA1998/000259 WO1998043220A1 (en) | 1997-03-25 | 1998-03-25 | Walk-test control circuit for security alarm device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0970458A1 EP0970458A1 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
EP0970458B1 true EP0970458B1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
Family
ID=4160246
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98913463A Expired - Lifetime EP0970458B1 (en) | 1997-03-25 | 1998-03-25 | Walk-test control circuit for security alarm device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0970458B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU736177B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69809724T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111640289B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2022-08-02 | 上海荃信信息技术有限公司 | Anti-dismantling alarm detection method and device |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH666974A5 (en) * | 1984-02-13 | 1988-08-31 | Cerberus Ag | MONITORING OF ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS AND THEIR SETTING OF A BURGLAR DETECTOR. |
US4833450A (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-05-23 | Napco Security Systems, Inc. | Fault detection in combination intrusion detection systems |
US5499012A (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1996-03-12 | C & K Systems, Inc. | Intrusion detector test circuit which automatically disables a detected-event indicator |
-
1998
- 1998-03-25 EP EP98913463A patent/EP0970458B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-25 DE DE69809724T patent/DE69809724T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-25 AU AU68158/98A patent/AU736177B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69809724T2 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
AU736177B2 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
DE69809724D1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
AU6815898A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
EP0970458A1 (en) | 2000-01-12 |
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