EP0966603B1 - Injection valve with compensating surface - Google Patents

Injection valve with compensating surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0966603B1
EP0966603B1 EP98964377A EP98964377A EP0966603B1 EP 0966603 B1 EP0966603 B1 EP 0966603B1 EP 98964377 A EP98964377 A EP 98964377A EP 98964377 A EP98964377 A EP 98964377A EP 0966603 B1 EP0966603 B1 EP 0966603B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
equalizing
injection valve
correcting
contact point
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98964377A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0966603A1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Fitzner
Jürgen Rink
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F02M59/466—Electrically operated valves, e.g. using electromagnetic or piezoelectric operating means
    • F02M59/468—Electrically operated valves, e.g. using electromagnetic or piezoelectric operating means using piezoelectric operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/701—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger mechanical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to injection valve with an actuator and an actuator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Injectors with piezoelectric actuators are, for example used in automotive engineering.
  • the actuator lies directly on an actuator. This will, however tilting of the actuator directly onto the transmission element transfer.
  • EP 484 804 A and US 5,435,286 A each contain one Injection valve for an internal combustion engine with a housing shown, in which an actuator is provided which is in one direction of movement is led.
  • One actuator is provided, that is guided in one direction of movement, whereby the actuator and the actuator are operatively connected via curved surfaces stand.
  • the object of the invention is to a greater deflection on Actuator and improved power transmission between the actuator and actuator to achieve, including misalignments, Tolerances or unevenness in actuator and actuator compensated should be.
  • a compensating element is provided for the actuator and the actuator, that in the area in which the actuator on the compensating element is present, has a positive curvature that leads to the actuator is curved. Due to the positive curvature of the compensation element is achieved that also with one against the set position and / or inclined actuator the specified contact point is retained. So that too the optimal transmission direction for a misaligned actuator maintained. Increased wear is also avoided.
  • a transmission element between the compensating element and the actuator is arranged a transmission element.
  • the deflection is preferably caused by the transmission element of the actuator enlarged.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a part of an injection valve with a piezoelectric actuator 1 in a guide ring 9 is guided and firmly connected to a pressure plate 2 is applied to the top of a compensating element 3.
  • the compensating element 3 lies with its underside 20 on two transmission elements 4.24.
  • the transmission elements 4,24 essentially have a triangular shape in longitudinal section that is rounded at the corners. The triangular shape is limited by a circumferential side surface, the defines the width of the transmission elements 4.24.
  • the circulating Side surface is particularly in the areas where the side surface on the compensating element 3 or on the actuator 5 is applied, rounded in the circumferential direction. Through the rounded shape is the frictional resistance between the Transmission element 4.24 and the compensating element 3 reduced and the wear and tear when moving the transmission elements kept low.
  • the two transmission elements can also have fewer or more transmission elements arranged his.
  • Each transmission element 4, 24 lies with a first point of contact P1 on a support surface 21 of the housing 6 and with a second support point P2 on an actuator 5, which is movably guided in a bore 13 of the housing 6.
  • Each transmission element lies with a third support point P3 4.24 on the underside 20 of the compensating element 3 on.
  • the actuator 5 is, for example, directly with an injection needle of the injection valve or with a closing element a servo valve connected.
  • the second support point P1, P2 has the transmission element 4, 24 a curved recess, which ensures that when moving of the transmission element 4.24 the transmission element 4.24 only with the first contact point P1 on the contact surface 21 rests and the movement of the transmission element 4, 24th is not hindered.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 1 stands over control lines 14 with a control unit 15 in connection and is supported with its end side against an end plate 16 in the guide ring 9 from.
  • a banjo bolt 8 sets one over the guide ring 9 functional distance between the pressure plate 2 and the compensating element 3.
  • a spring guide disk 10 is provided on the support surface 21, which rests on the support ring 11 and at the height the compensating element 3 is arranged, the compensating element 3 in the central recess of the spring washer 10 is arranged.
  • the spring elements 7 are as Formed diaphragm springs which have a central recess, in which the compensating element 3 is arranged.
  • the compensating element 3 has the shape of a cylinder, which has a concave curvature on its upper side 17, which is preferably designed as a partial spherical shape.
  • For the Function of the curvature is sufficient if at least the Area of the top 17 a positive curvature to the pressure plate 2 has, on which the pressure plate 2 on the compensating element 3 is present.
  • the point at which the pressure plate 2 the top 17 abuts, is referred to as contact point A, the in the center symmetry axis M of the injection valve and arranged centrally in the cross section of the compensating element 3 is.
  • the underside 20 of the compensating element 3 provides one flat surface on which the first and the second transmission element 4.24 each rest on the third contact point P3.
  • the compensating element 3 is in the axial direction of movement of the actuator 3 through the support ring 11 and through a guide disk 12 performed between the support ring 11 and the bearing surface 21 is arranged and the compensating element 3 at least partially includes.
  • the control unit 15 outputs a control signal to the piezoelectric actuator 1, which then opposes the spring force of the spring elements 7 expands while doing that Compensating element 3 presses against the transmission elements 4.
  • the transmission elements 4 are each with a first Point of contact P1 on the housing 6 and with a second point of contact P2 on the actuator 5.
  • Transmission element 4, 24 By printing in The first and the second act in the direction of the actuator 5 Transmission element 4, 24 as a lever, which affects the first Support support points P1 and the actuator 5 over the press the second support points P2 down. This opens Actuator 5, for example, a servo valve or moves one Injection needle.
  • the compensating element 3 thus enables automatic Distance compensation for transmission elements of different heights 4.24. So that the tilted compensating element 3 does not is moved laterally, it is preferably from the support ring 11 from the guide disc 12 in the direction of movement of the actuator 1 out.
  • the first and second transmission elements 4, 24 are shown in their positions determined by the guide plate 12.
  • the Guide disk 12 points to this, as shown in FIG. 4 is, a guide recess 18.
  • the guide recess 18 adjusts the first and second transmission elements 4, 24 symmetrical to the center symmetry axis M and places the first and the second transmission element 4, 24 in the plane of the guide disk 12 firm.
  • the guide recess 18 essentially has the shape of a rectangle that is centered in a Circular shape merges.
  • the circular shape ensures that both the movement of the actuator 5, and the movement of the compensating element 3 through the guide disk 12 not be hindered.
  • the circular shape is also used for recording of the compensating element 3, which is also from the guide disc 3 is performed.
  • the guide disc 12 has only one transmission element 4, as shown in Figure 2, preferably only one rectangular recess in which the transmission element 4 is performed. With this arrangement, however, the movement the compensating element 3 or the actuator 5 is not hindered, the overall height of the transmission element 4 larger than the height of the guide plate 12, so that the transmission element 4 above and below the guide disc 12 survives so far that enough play for a movement of the compensating element 3 and the actuator 5 is present.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the injection valve, in which the compensating element 3 directly on the actuator 5 is present and no transmission elements 4.24 are provided.
  • Figure 6 shows a compensating element 3, which has a curved underside has, which abuts the actuator 5.
  • the actuator 5 has a flat end surface, which on the compensating element 3 is present.
  • Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of the compensating element 3, which has a curved top and a curved bottom has, the curvature of the top of the actuator 1 and the curvature of the underside assigned to the actuator 5 is, and the actuator 1 or the actuator 5 on the curved Above or on the curved underside.
  • the investment points, where the actuator and the actuator on the compensating element 3 are present, are in the center symmetry axis M arranged.
  • the compensating element 3 is in this embodiment from a higher support ring 11 in the direction of movement of the actuator 3 out. With this two-sided curved Compensating element 3 are misalignments of the actuator and of the actuator balanced.
  • the actuator 1 lies with one flat end surface on the compensating element 3.
  • Figure 8 shows a further special embodiment of the compensating element 3, which in this example is in the form of a Partial sphere, preferably in the form of a hemisphere is. This is the manufacture of the compensating element 3 easy to manufacture.
  • a separate compensating element 3 offers also the advantage that the curved surfaces on the compensating element 3 easier than on the actuator 1, the pressure plate 2 or on Actuator 5 can be produced. Another improvement the compensation is achieved in that in the arrangement 9 between the curved surface or surfaces the actuator 1 and / or the actuator 5, a compensating element 3 with one or two curved surfaces corresponding to the Figures 1,6,7 is arranged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A compensating element (3) is provided between a piezoelectric actuator (1) and transmission elements (4). Said element with a curved surface is located on the piezoelectric actuator (1). The compensating element (3) compensates for tilting of the piezoelectric actuator (1) and the differences in overall heights of the transmission elements when the array comprises two transmission elements (4, 5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Einspritzventil mit einem Aktor und einem Stellglied gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to injection valve with an actuator and an actuator according to the preamble of claim 1.

Einspritzventile mit piezoelektrischen Aktoren werden beispielsweise in der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik eingesetzt. Der Aktor liegt dabei direkt an einem Stellglied an. Dadurch wird jedoch ein Verkanten des Aktors direkt auf das Übertragungselement übertragen. Zudem führt eine Unebenheit der ebenen Flächen des Stellgliedes und des Aktors, die aneinander liegen, zu einer einseitigen Belastung des Aktors und des Stellgliedes, wodurch die Übertragung der Auslenkung beeinträchtigt ist und die unebene Stelle im erhöhtem Maße abgenutzt wird.Injectors with piezoelectric actuators are, for example used in automotive engineering. The actuator lies directly on an actuator. This will, however tilting of the actuator directly onto the transmission element transfer. In addition, there is an unevenness in the flat surfaces the actuator and the actuator, which lie against each other, to one-sided loading of the actuator and the actuator, which affects the transmission of the deflection and the uneven area is worn to an increased extent.

Aus der US 4,101,076 ist ein Einspritzventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Gehäuse bekannt, in dem ein Aktor vorgesehen ist, der in einer Bewegungsrichtung geführt ist. Die Bewegung des Aktors wird mittels eines abgewinkelten Hebels auf ein Stellglied übertragen, wobei der Hebel mit einem kurzen Winkel am Aktor und einem langen Winkel am Stellglied anliegt. Die Anlagefläche zwischen Aktor und Hebel bzw. Hebel und Stellglied sind gekrümmt ausgebildet.From US 4,101,076 is an injection valve for an internal combustion engine known with a housing in which an actuator is provided, which is guided in one direction of movement. The movement of the actuator is controlled by an angled lever transferred to an actuator, the lever with a short angle on the actuator and a long angle on the actuator is applied. The contact surface between the actuator and lever or lever and actuator are curved.

In der EP 484 804 A und der US 5,435,286 A ist jeweils ein Einspritzventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Gehäuse gezeigt, in dem ein Aktor vorgesehen ist, der in einer Bewegungsrichtung geführt ist. Es ist jeweils ein Stellglied vorgesehen, dass in eine Bewegungsrichtung geführt ist, wobei der Aktor und das Stellglied über gekrümmte Flächen in Wirkverbindung stehen. EP 484 804 A and US 5,435,286 A each contain one Injection valve for an internal combustion engine with a housing shown, in which an actuator is provided which is in one direction of movement is led. One actuator is provided, that is guided in one direction of movement, whereby the actuator and the actuator are operatively connected via curved surfaces stand.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine größere Auslenkung am Stellglied und eine verbesserte Kraftübertragung zwischen Aktor und Stellglied zu erreichen, wobei auch Dejustierungen, Toleranzen oder Unebenheiten bei Aktor und Stellglied ausgeglichen werden sollen.The object of the invention is to a greater deflection on Actuator and improved power transmission between the actuator and actuator to achieve, including misalignments, Tolerances or unevenness in actuator and actuator compensated should be.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.The object of the invention is achieved by the features of the patent claim 1 solved. Refinements and developments of Invention are the subject of dependent claims.

Zwischen dem Aktor und dem Stellglied ist ein Ausgleichselement vorgesehen, das in dem Bereich, in dem der Aktor am Ausgleichselement anliegt, eine positive Krümmung aufweist, die zum Aktor hin gekrümmt ist. Durch die positive Krümmung des Ausgleichselementes wird erreicht, daß auch bei einem gegenüber der vorgegebenen Position versetzten und/ oder geneigten Aktor der vorgegebene Anlagepunkt beibehalten wird. Damit wird auch bei einem dejustierten Aktor die optimale Übertragungsrichtung beibehalten. Ein erhöhter Verschleiß wird zudem vermieden.Between a compensating element is provided for the actuator and the actuator, that in the area in which the actuator on the compensating element is present, has a positive curvature that leads to the actuator is curved. Due to the positive curvature of the compensation element is achieved that also with one against the set position and / or inclined actuator the specified contact point is retained. So that too the optimal transmission direction for a misaligned actuator maintained. Increased wear is also avoided.

Weiterhin ist vorgesehen, daß zwischen dem Ausgleichselement und dem Stellglied ein Übertragungselement angeordnet ist. Durch das Übertragungselement wird vorzugsweise die Auslenkung des Aktors vergrößert. Bei der Verwendung mehrerer Übertragungselemente werden unterschiedliche Bauhöhen der Übertragungselemente in vorteilhafter Weise durch das Ausgleichselement ausgeglichen. Damit wird trotz unterschiedlicher Bauhöhe der Übertragungselemente ein verschleißarmer Betrieb ermöglicht, da beide Übertragungselemente mit gleich großer Kraft belastet werden. It is also provided that between the compensating element and the actuator is arranged a transmission element. The deflection is preferably caused by the transmission element of the actuator enlarged. When using multiple transmission elements different heights of the transmission elements advantageously by the compensating element balanced. This is despite the different height the transmission elements enable low-wear operation, since both transmission elements with the same size Force.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Figuren näher erläutert; Es zeigen

Figur 1:
einen Teil eines Einspritzventiles,
Figur 2:
ein Einspritzventil mit einem Übertragungselement,
Figur 3:
ein Einspritzventil mit unterschiedlich hohen Übertragungselementen,
Figur 4:
eine Führungsscheibe mit Übertragungselementen,
Figur 5:
ein Einspritzventil ohne Übertragungselementen,
Figur 6:
ein Ausgleichselement, dessen Krümmungsfläche dem Stellglied zugeordnet ist,
Figur 7:
ein Ausgleichselement mit zwei Krümmungsflächen,
Figur 8:
ein Ausgleichselement, das als Teilkugel ausgebildet ist, und
Figur 9:
einen Aktor und ein Stellglied mit aneinanderliegen den gekrümmten Flächen.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures; Show it
Figure 1:
part of an injection valve,
Figure 2:
an injection valve with a transmission element,
Figure 3:
an injection valve with transmission elements of different heights,
Figure 4:
a guide disc with transmission elements,
Figure 5:
an injection valve without transmission elements,
Figure 6:
a compensating element, the curvature surface of which is assigned to the actuator,
Figure 7:
a compensation element with two curvature surfaces,
Figure 8:
a compensating element which is designed as a partial ball, and
Figure 9:
an actuator and an actuator with the curved surfaces lying against each other.

Figuren 5-9 betreffen nicht erfindungsgemäße Ausbildungen. Figures 5-9 do not relate to the invention Training.

Im folgenden werden anhand eines Einspritzventils die wesentlichen Merkmale der Erfindung erläutert.The following are based on an injection valve essential features of the invention explained.

Figur 1 zeigt schematisch einen Teil eines Einspritzventiles mit einem piezoelektrischen Aktor 1, der in einem Führungsring 9 geführt ist und mit einer Druckplatte 2 fest verbunden ist, die an der Oberseite eines Ausgleichselementes 3 anliegt. Das Ausgleichselement 3 liegt mit seiner Unterseite 20 an zwei Übertragungselementen 4,24 an. Die Übertragungselemente 4,24 weisen im Längsschnitt im wesentlichen eine Dreiecksform auf, die an den Ecken abgerundet ist. Die Dreiecksform wird durch eine umlaufende Seitenfläche begrenzt, die die Breite der Übertragungselemente 4,24 festlegt. Die umlaufende Seitenfläche ist insbesondere in den Bereichen, in denen die Seitenfläche am Ausgleichselement 3 oder am Stellglied 5 anliegt, in der Umlaufrichtung abgerundet. Durch die abgerundete Form wird der Reibungswiderstand zwischen dem Übertragungselement 4,24 und dem Ausgleichselement 3 reduziert und der Verschleiß beim Bewegen der Übertragungselemente gering gehalten. Anstelle der zwei Übertragungselemente können auch weniger oder mehr Übertragungselemente angeordnet sein.Figure 1 shows schematically a part of an injection valve with a piezoelectric actuator 1 in a guide ring 9 is guided and firmly connected to a pressure plate 2 is applied to the top of a compensating element 3. The compensating element 3 lies with its underside 20 on two transmission elements 4.24. The transmission elements 4,24 essentially have a triangular shape in longitudinal section that is rounded at the corners. The triangular shape is limited by a circumferential side surface, the defines the width of the transmission elements 4.24. The circulating Side surface is particularly in the areas where the side surface on the compensating element 3 or on the actuator 5 is applied, rounded in the circumferential direction. Through the rounded shape is the frictional resistance between the Transmission element 4.24 and the compensating element 3 reduced and the wear and tear when moving the transmission elements kept low. Instead of the two transmission elements can also have fewer or more transmission elements arranged his.

Jedes Übertragungselement 4,24 liegt mit einem ersten Auflagepunkt P1 auf einer Auflagefläche 21 des Gehäuses 6 auf und mit einem zweiten Auflagepunkt P2 auf einem Stellglied 5 auf, das in einer Bohrung 13 des Gehäuses 6 beweglich geführt ist. Mit einem dritten Auflagepunkt P3 liegt jedes Übertragungselement 4,24 an der Unterseite 20 des Ausgleichselementes 3 an. Das Stellglied 5 ist beispielsweise direkt mit einer Einspritznadel des Einspritzventils oder mit einem Schließglied eines Servoventils verbunden. Zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Auflagepunkt P1,P2 weist das Übertragungselement 4, 24 eine gekrümmte Ausnehmung auf, die dafür sorgt, daß beim Bewegen des Übertragungselementes 4,24 das Übertragungselement 4,24 nur mit dem ersten Auflagepunkt P1 auf der Auflagefläche 21 aufliegt und die Bewegung des Übertragungselementes 4, 24 nicht behindert wird.Each transmission element 4, 24 lies with a first point of contact P1 on a support surface 21 of the housing 6 and with a second support point P2 on an actuator 5, which is movably guided in a bore 13 of the housing 6. Each transmission element lies with a third support point P3 4.24 on the underside 20 of the compensating element 3 on. The actuator 5 is, for example, directly with an injection needle of the injection valve or with a closing element a servo valve connected. Between the first and the The second support point P1, P2 has the transmission element 4, 24 a curved recess, which ensures that when moving of the transmission element 4.24 the transmission element 4.24 only with the first contact point P1 on the contact surface 21 rests and the movement of the transmission element 4, 24th is not hindered.

Anstelle der dargestellten Übertragungselemente können auch andere Formen, insbesondere Hebel, verwendet werden, mit denen die Auslenkung des Aktors in eine größere Auslenkung des Stellgliedes umgesetzt wird.Instead of the transmission elements shown, you can also other forms, particularly levers, are used with which the deflection of the actuator into a larger deflection of the Actuator is implemented.

Der piezoelektrische Aktor 1 steht über Steuerleitungen 14 mit einem Steuergerät 15 in Verbindung und stützt sich mit seiner Abschlußseite gegen eine Endplatte 16 im Führungsring 9 ab. Eine Hohlschraube 8 stellt über den Führungsring 9 einen funktionsbedingten Abstand zwischen der Druckplatte 2 und dem Ausgleichselement 3 ein. Zwischen dem Führungsring 9 und der Auflagefläche 21 ist eine Federführungsscheibe 10 vorgesehen, die auf dem Auflagering 11 aufliegt und auf der Höhe des Ausgleichselement 3 angeordnet ist, wobei das Ausgleichselement 3 in der mittigen Ausnehmung der Federführungsscheibe 10 angeordnet ist.The piezoelectric actuator 1 stands over control lines 14 with a control unit 15 in connection and is supported with its end side against an end plate 16 in the guide ring 9 from. A banjo bolt 8 sets one over the guide ring 9 functional distance between the pressure plate 2 and the compensating element 3. Between the guide ring 9 and a spring guide disk 10 is provided on the support surface 21, which rests on the support ring 11 and at the height the compensating element 3 is arranged, the compensating element 3 in the central recess of the spring washer 10 is arranged.

Zwischen dem Auflagering 11 und der Druckplatte 2 sind Federelemente 7 angeordnet, die das Ausgleichselement 3 umgeben und in der Ausnehmung der Federführungsscheibe 10 eingebracht sind. Die Federelemente 7 spannen den piezoelektrischen Aktor 1 gegen die Endplatte 16 vor. Die Federelemente 7 sind als Plattenfedern ausgebildet, die eine mittige Ausnehmung aufweisen, in der das Ausgleichselement 3 angeordnet ist.Between the support ring 11 and the pressure plate 2 are spring elements 7 arranged, which surround the compensating element 3 and introduced into the recess of the spring guide disk 10 are. The spring elements 7 tension the piezoelectric actuator 1 against the end plate 16. The spring elements 7 are as Formed diaphragm springs which have a central recess, in which the compensating element 3 is arranged.

Das Ausgleichselement 3 weist die Form eines Zylinders auf, der an seiner Oberseite 17 eine konkave Krümmung aufweist, die vorzugsweise als Teilkugelform ausgebildet ist. Für die Funktion der Krümmung ist es ausreichend, wenn mindestens der Bereich der Oberseite 17 eine positive Krümmung zur Druckplatte 2 hin aufweist, an dem die Druckplatte 2 am Ausgleichselement 3 anliegt. Der Punkt, an dem die Druckplatte 2 an der Oberseite 17 anliegt, ist als Anlagepunkt A bezeichnet, der in der Mittensymmetrieachse M des Einspritzventiles und mittig im Querschnitt des Ausgleichselementes 3 angeordnet ist. Die Unterseite 20 des Ausgleichselementes 3 stellt eine ebene Fläche dar, an der das erste und das zweite Übertragungselement 4,24 jeweils an dem dritten Auflagepunkt P3 anliegen. Die seitlichen Abstände D1,D2 zwischen den dritten Auflagepunkten P3 des ersten und des zweiten Übertragungselementes 4,24 und der Mittensymmetrieachse M sind gleich groß: D1=D2.The compensating element 3 has the shape of a cylinder, which has a concave curvature on its upper side 17, which is preferably designed as a partial spherical shape. For the Function of the curvature is sufficient if at least the Area of the top 17 a positive curvature to the pressure plate 2 has, on which the pressure plate 2 on the compensating element 3 is present. The point at which the pressure plate 2 the top 17 abuts, is referred to as contact point A, the in the center symmetry axis M of the injection valve and arranged centrally in the cross section of the compensating element 3 is. The underside 20 of the compensating element 3 provides one flat surface on which the first and the second transmission element 4.24 each rest on the third contact point P3. The lateral distances D1, D2 between the third Support points P3 of the first and the second transmission element 4,24 and the center symmetry axis M are the same size: D1 = D2.

Das Ausgleichselement 3 wird in der axialen Bewegungsrichtung des Aktors 3 durch den Auflagering 11 und durch eine Führungsscheibe 12 geführt, die zwischen dem Auflagering 11 und der Auflagefläche 21 angeordnet ist und das Ausgleichselement 3 mindestens teilweise umfaßt.The compensating element 3 is in the axial direction of movement of the actuator 3 through the support ring 11 and through a guide disk 12 performed between the support ring 11 and the bearing surface 21 is arranged and the compensating element 3 at least partially includes.

Die Funktionsweise des Einspritzventiles der Figur 1 wird im folgenden beschrieben: Das Steuergerät 15 gibt ein Steuersignal an den piezoelektrischen Aktor 1, der sich daraufhin gegen die Federkraft der Federelemente 7 ausdehnt und dabei das Ausgleichselement 3 gegen die Übertragungselemente 4 drückt. Die Übertragungselemente 4 liegen jeweils mit einem ersten Auflagepunkt P1 auf dem Gehäuse 6 und mit einem zweiten Auflagepunkt P2 auf dem Stellglied 5 auf. Durch den Druck in Richtung auf das Stellglied 5 wirken das erste und das zweite Übertragungselement 4, 24 als Hebel, die sich auf den ersten Auflagepunkten P1 abstützen und das Stellglied 5 über die zweiten Auflagepunkte P2 nach unten drücken. Dabei öffnet das Stellglied 5 beispielsweise ein Servoventil oder bewegt eine Einspritznadel.The operation of the injection valve of Figure 1 is in described the following: The control unit 15 outputs a control signal to the piezoelectric actuator 1, which then opposes the spring force of the spring elements 7 expands while doing that Compensating element 3 presses against the transmission elements 4. The transmission elements 4 are each with a first Point of contact P1 on the housing 6 and with a second point of contact P2 on the actuator 5. By printing in The first and the second act in the direction of the actuator 5 Transmission element 4, 24 as a lever, which affects the first Support support points P1 and the actuator 5 over the press the second support points P2 down. This opens Actuator 5, for example, a servo valve or moves one Injection needle.

Ist nun der piezoelektrische Aktor 1 und die Druckplatte 2 dejustiert, wie in Figur 2 schematisch dargestellt ist, so verschiebt sich wegen der gekrümmten Oberfläche der Oberseite 17 des Ausgleichselementes 3 der Anlagepunkt A nicht, oder bei großer Dejustierung nur geringfügig, aus der vorgegebenen Position, die in der Mittensymmetrieachse M liegt. Dadurch wird auch bei einem geneigten oder verkanteten piezoelektrischen Aktor 1 die Kraft weiterhin in der Mittensymmetrieachse M übertragen. Somit wird durch das Ausgleichselement 3 eine Dejustierung des Aktors 1 ausgeglichen.Now is the piezoelectric actuator 1 and the pressure plate 2 misaligned, as shown schematically in Figure 2, so shifts because of the curved surface of the top 17 of the compensating element 3, the contact point A is not, or with large misalignment only slightly, from the given Position that lies in the center symmetry axis M. Thereby is also used for an inclined or tilted piezoelectric Actuator 1 the force continues in the center symmetry axis M transferred. Thus, by the compensating element 3 Adjustment of actuator 1 compensated.

Das Ausgleichselement 3 bietet zudem den Vorteil, daß bei einem ersten und einem zweiten Übertragungselement 4,24, die eine unterschiedliche Bauhöhe aufweisen, ein verschleißarmer Betrieb möglich ist. Bei unterschiedlich hohen Übertragungselementen 4,24 kippt das Ausgleichselement 3 aus der waagerechten Position, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt ist. Aufgrund der gekrümmten Oberfläche der Oberseite 17 wird auch bei einem gekippten Ausgleichselement 3 der Anlagepunkt A, an dem der piezoelektrische Aktor 1 oder die Druckplatte 2 am Ausgleichselement 3 anliegen, nicht aus der Mittensymmetrieachse M verschoben. Dadurch wird die Kraft, die vom piezoelektrischen Aktor 1 auf das Ausgleichselement 3 übertragen wird, weiterhin gleichmäßig auf das erste und das zweite Übertragungselement 4,24 übertragen, da das erste und das zweite Übertragungselement 4,24 den gleichen Abstand (D1=D2) zur Mittensymmetrieachse M aufweisen.The compensating element 3 also offers the Advantage that with a first and a second transmission element 4,24, which have a different overall height, low-wear operation is possible. If different high transmission elements 4.24 tilts the compensating element 3 from the horizontal position, as shown in Figure 3 is. Due to the curved surface of the top 17 even with a tilted compensation element 3, the contact point A on which the piezoelectric actuator 1 or the pressure plate 2 rest on the compensating element 3, not from the center symmetry axis M moved. This will force the piezoelectric Transfer actuator 1 to compensating element 3 will continue to spread evenly on the first and second Transfer element 4.24 transmitted since the first and the second transmission element 4.24 the same distance (D1 = D2) have center symmetry axis M.

Das Ausgleichselement 3 ermöglicht somit einen automatischen Abstandsausgleich bei unterschiedlich hohen Ubertragungselementen 4,24. Damit das gekippte Ausgleichselement 3 nicht seitlich verschoben wird, wird es vom Auflagering 11 und vorzugsweise von der Führungsscheibe 12 in der Bewegungsrichtung des Aktors 1 geführt.The compensating element 3 thus enables automatic Distance compensation for transmission elements of different heights 4.24. So that the tilted compensating element 3 does not is moved laterally, it is preferably from the support ring 11 from the guide disc 12 in the direction of movement of the actuator 1 out.

Das erste und das zweite Übertragungselement 4,24 werden in ihren Positionen durch die Führungsscheibe 12 festgelegt. Die Führungsscheibe 12 weist dazu, wie in Figur 4 dargestellt ist, eine Führungsausnehmung 18 auf. Die Führungsausnehmung 18 justiert das erste und das zweite Übertragungselement 4,24 symmetrisch zur Mittensymmetrieachse M und legt das erste und das zweite Übertragungselement 4,24 in der Ebene der Führungsscheibe 12 fest. Die Führungsausnehmung 18 weist im wesentlichen die Form eines Rechteckes auf, das mittig in eine Kreisform übergeht. Durch die Kreisform ist gewährleistet, daß sowohl die Bewegung des Stellgliedes 5, als auch die Bewegung des Ausgleichselementes 3 durch die Führungsscheibe 12 nicht behindert werden. Zudem dient die Kreisform zur Aufnahme des Ausgleichselementes 3, das auch von der Führungsscheibe 3 geführt wird.The first and second transmission elements 4, 24 are shown in their positions determined by the guide plate 12. The Guide disk 12 points to this, as shown in FIG. 4 is, a guide recess 18. The guide recess 18 adjusts the first and second transmission elements 4, 24 symmetrical to the center symmetry axis M and places the first and the second transmission element 4, 24 in the plane of the guide disk 12 firm. The guide recess 18 essentially has the shape of a rectangle that is centered in a Circular shape merges. The circular shape ensures that both the movement of the actuator 5, and the movement of the compensating element 3 through the guide disk 12 not be hindered. The circular shape is also used for recording of the compensating element 3, which is also from the guide disc 3 is performed.

Die Führungsscheibe 12 weist bei nur einem Übertragungselement 4, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt ist, vorzugsweise nur eine rechteckförmige Ausnehmung auf, in der das Übertragungselement 4 geführt ist. Damit jedoch bei dieser Anordnung die Bewegung des Ausgleichselementes 3 oder des Stellgliedes 5 nicht behindert wird, ist die Bauhöhe des Übertragungselementes 4 größer als die Bauhöhe der Führungsscheibe 12, so daß das Übertragungselement 4 oberhalb und unterhalb der Führungsscheibe 12 so weit übersteht, daß ausreichend Spiel für eine Bewegung des Ausgleichselementes 3 und des Stellgliedes 5 vorhanden ist. Alternativ kann auch in die Führungsscheibe 12 eine mittige Bohrung eingebracht sein, die an den Querschnitt des Ausgleichselementes 3 angepaßt ist und das Ausgleichselement 3 mindestens teilweise aufnimmt und das Ausgleichselement 3 in der Bewegungsrichtung des Aktors 1 führt. The guide disc 12 has only one transmission element 4, as shown in Figure 2, preferably only one rectangular recess in which the transmission element 4 is performed. With this arrangement, however, the movement the compensating element 3 or the actuator 5 is not hindered, the overall height of the transmission element 4 larger than the height of the guide plate 12, so that the transmission element 4 above and below the guide disc 12 survives so far that enough play for a movement of the compensating element 3 and the actuator 5 is present. Alternatively, you can also use the guide washer 12 a central bore can be introduced, which is connected to the cross section the compensating element 3 is adapted and the compensating element 3 takes up at least partially and the compensating element 3 leads in the direction of movement of the actuator 1.

Figur 5 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform des Einspritzventils, bei dem das Ausgleichselement 3 direkt am Stellglied 5 anliegt und keine Übertragungselemente 4,24 vorgesehen sind.FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the injection valve, in which the compensating element 3 directly on the actuator 5 is present and no transmission elements 4.24 are provided.

Figur 6 zeigt ein Ausgleichselement 3, das eine gekrümmte Unterseite aufweist, die am Stellglied 5 anliegt. Das Stellglied 5 weist eine ebene Endfläche auf, die am Ausgleichselement 3 anliegt.Figure 6 shows a compensating element 3, which has a curved underside has, which abuts the actuator 5. The actuator 5 has a flat end surface, which on the compensating element 3 is present.

Figur 7 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform des Ausgleichselementes 3, das eine gekrümmte Oberseite und eine gekrümmte Unterseite aufweist, wobei die Krümmung der Oberseite dem Aktor 1 und die Krümmung der Unterseite dem Stellglied 5 zugeordnet ist, und der Aktor 1 bzw. das Stellglied 5 an der gekrümmten Oberseite bzw. an der gekrümmten Unterseite anliegt. Die Anlagepunkte, an denen der Aktor und das Stellglied am Ausgleichselement 3 anliegen, sind in der Mittensymmetrieachse M angeordnet. Das Ausgleichselement 3 wird in dieser Ausführungsform von einem höheren Auflagering 11 in der Bewegungsrichtung des Aktors 3 geführt. Mit diesem zweiseitig gekrümmten Ausgleichselement 3 werden Dejustierungen des Aktors und des Stellgliedes ausgeglichen. Der Aktor 1 liegt mit einer ebenen Endfläche am Ausgleichselement 3 an.Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of the compensating element 3, which has a curved top and a curved bottom has, the curvature of the top of the actuator 1 and the curvature of the underside assigned to the actuator 5 is, and the actuator 1 or the actuator 5 on the curved Above or on the curved underside. The investment points, where the actuator and the actuator on the compensating element 3 are present, are in the center symmetry axis M arranged. The compensating element 3 is in this embodiment from a higher support ring 11 in the direction of movement of the actuator 3 out. With this two-sided curved Compensating element 3 are misalignments of the actuator and of the actuator balanced. The actuator 1 lies with one flat end surface on the compensating element 3.

Figur 8 zeigt eine weitere besondere Ausführung des Ausgleichselementes 3, das in diesem Beispiel in der Form einer Teilkugel, vorzugsweise in der Form einer Halbkugel ausgebildet ist. Dadurch ist die Herstellung des Ausgleichselementes 3 einfach herstellbar.Figure 8 shows a further special embodiment of the compensating element 3, which in this example is in the form of a Partial sphere, preferably in the form of a hemisphere is. This is the manufacture of the compensating element 3 easy to manufacture.

Durch die Anordnung wenigstens einer gekrümmten Fläche zwischen dem Aktor und dem Stellglied wird ein Dejustierung des Aktors und/oder des Stellgliedes ausgeglichen. Es kann die gekrümmte Fläche auch direkt am Ende des Aktors 1, beispielsweise an der Druckplatte 2 oder am Ende des Stellgliedes 5 ausgebildet sein. Eine entsprechende Ausführung ist in Figur 9 dargestellt.Through the Arrangement of at least one curved surface between the actuator and the actuator becomes a misalignment of the actuator and / or of the actuator balanced. It can curved surface also directly at the end of the actuator 1, for example on the pressure plate 2 or at the end of the actuator 5 be trained. A corresponding version is in figure 9 shown.

Die Verwendung eines separaten Ausgleichselementes 3 bietet zudem den Vorteil, daß die gekrümmten Flächen am Ausgleichselement 3 einfacher als am Aktor 1, der Druckplatte 2 oder am Stellglied 5 hergestellt werden können. Eine weitere Verbesserung des Ausgleichs wird dadurch erreicht, daß in der Anordnung der Figur 9 zwischen der oder den gekrümmten Flächen des Aktors 1 und/oder des Stellgliedes 5 ein Ausgleichselement 3 mit ein oder zwei gekrümmten Flächen entsprechend den Figuren 1,6,7 angeordnet wird.The use of a separate compensating element 3 offers also the advantage that the curved surfaces on the compensating element 3 easier than on the actuator 1, the pressure plate 2 or on Actuator 5 can be produced. Another improvement the compensation is achieved in that in the arrangement 9 between the curved surface or surfaces the actuator 1 and / or the actuator 5, a compensating element 3 with one or two curved surfaces corresponding to the Figures 1,6,7 is arranged.

Claims (8)

  1. Fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine with a housing (6), containing an actuator (1) guided in a direction of movement, and containing a correcting element (5) that is guided in a direction of movement, an equalizing element (3) being located between the correcting element (5) and the actuator (1) movable in the housing (6), the actuator (1) and the correcting element (5) press against the equalizing element (3), the equalizing element (3), at least in the area where the actuator (1) and/or the correcting element (5) presses against the equalizing element (3), featuring a sloped curve towards the actuator (1) or the correcting element (5), so that the contact point of the actuator (1) or the correcting element (5) is specified accurately and hardly moves if the actuator (1) or the correcting element (5) tilt, characterized in that a transmission element (4) is provided, that is arranged between the equalizing element (3) and the correcting element (5), that the transmission element (4) presses against a first contact point (P1) on the housing (6) of the fuel injection valve, that the transmission element (4) presses against a second contact point (P2) on the correcting element (5), that the transmission element (4) presses against a third contact point (P3) on the equalizing element (3), featuring an almost flat surface in this area, assigning the curved areas of the equalizing element (3) to the actuator (1).
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1 characterized in that a second transmission element (24) is arranged between the equalizing element (3) and the correcting element (5), that the second transmission element (24) having mainly a shape identical to the first transmission element (4) and with reference to the axis of centrosymmetry (M) of the fuel injection valve is arranged symmetrically to the first transmission element (4), the second contact point (P2) of the second transmission element (24) featuring particularly the same distance to the axis of centrosymmetry (M), as is the case for the second contact point (P2) of the first transmission element (4).
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sides of equalizing element (3) are guided in the direction of movement of the actuator (1) by the housing (6).
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the equalizing element (3) is designed as a partial sphere.
  5. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first and second contact point (P1, P2) are located in approximately one plane, and that the third contact point (P3) viewed in the plane of the first and second contact point (P1, P2) lies between the first and second contact point (P1, P2).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the equalizing element (3) in the housing (6) is guided in the direction of movement of the actuator (1), that the equalizing element (3) is designed as a cylinder shape, that the upper side (17) of the equalizing element (3) is designed as a partial sphere area, and that the underside of the equalizing element is designed mainly as a flat surface, and that the actuator (1) presses against the partial sphere area with a mainly flat surface (2), and that the correcting element (5) presses against the flat underside of the equalizing element (3).
  7. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (1) features a curved surface towards the correcting element (5), or that the correcting element (5) features a curved surface towards the actuator (1).
  8. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 7, characterized in that an equalizing element (3) is provided that is positioned to move within the housing (6) between the correcting element (5) and the actuator (1), that the actuator (1) and the correcting element (5) press against the equalizing element (3), that the equalizing element (3), at least in the area where the actuator (1) or the correcting element (5) presses against the equalizing element (3), features a sloped curve towards the actuator (1) or the correcting element (5), so that the contact point of the actuator (1) or the correcting element (5) is specified accurately and hardly moves if the actuator (1) or the correcting element (5) are tilted.
EP98964377A 1997-12-23 1998-12-02 Injection valve with compensating surface Expired - Lifetime EP0966603B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19757659A DE19757659C1 (en) 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Fuel injection valve with compensation surface e.g. for motor vehicle IC engine
DE19757659 1997-12-23
PCT/DE1998/003555 WO1999034113A1 (en) 1997-12-23 1998-12-02 Injection valve with compensating surface

Publications (2)

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EP0966603A1 EP0966603A1 (en) 1999-12-29
EP0966603B1 true EP0966603B1 (en) 2003-11-12

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US (1) US6186474B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0966603B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19757659C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999034113A1 (en)

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DE19757659C1 (en) 1999-06-17
WO1999034113A1 (en) 1999-07-08
EP0966603A1 (en) 1999-12-29
DE59810163D1 (en) 2003-12-18
US6186474B1 (en) 2001-02-13

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