EP0966585B1 - Self-contained small cubicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an easily erected small cabin, in particular a toilet cabin, which is provided with a floor part (1), a ceiling part (2), a wall element (3) and corner posts (4) connecting together the wall elements, floor part and ceiling part, and wherein all the parts described hereinabove are manufactured from plastics. In order to provide an easily erected cabin of the type described in the introduction, which is manufactured almost completely from plastics, and nevertheless has strong mechanical cohesion, it is proposed according to the invention that either on the posts on the one hand and the floor part and ceiling part on the other hand, and/or on the wall elements on the one hand and floor and ceiling part on the other hand, and/or on the wall elements on the one hand and the posts on the other hand, alternately overlapping connecting elements (5, 6, 7) are provided which have bores (11, 15) which, when the relevant parts are assembled, line up with one another, and through which locking bolts (9) extend which ensure the cohesion of the parts connected together.

Description

The present invention relates to a freely deployable, small cabin, in particular one Toilet cabin, which has a floor part, a ceiling part, wall elements and the wall elements has holding and connecting corner posts, all of the above parts Plastic are made. Such a cabin is i.a. known from FR-A-2685 726.

For the purposes of the present invention, a “small” cabin is understood to mean a cabin which encloses a maximum of a few cubic meters of space, making them relatively simple, for example is transportable by a forklift or a small truck mounted Crane can be lifted and transported. In particular, the small cabin should be a unit be transportable, which, however, does not exclude that, especially for the Transport of a large number of cabins, disassembled into their individual parts and onto them Way can be transported in a space-saving manner.

The individual parts of such a cabin are generally put together in a form-fitting manner, however known cabins of the aforementioned type have only a very poor mechanical Cohesion and a very low torsional rigidity. Forces applied on one side or shear forces can more easily lead to wall elements and posts or Ceiling part and post or ceiling part and wall elements their positive engagement lose and fall apart. Such forces can especially when setting up or Loading appropriate cabins occur.

Cabins in the corner areas have also become known Steel rods have a firm mechanical cohesion of the cabin cause. However, the manufacture and assembly of corresponding cabins is relative complex and costly. In addition, in such cabins the different Expansion coefficient of steel and plastic is a significant problem, especially since the Outdoor cabins are often exposed to very strong temperature fluctuations. This can quickly lead to fatigue breaks in the plastic material or Tension and deformation of the entire cabin come.

Compared to this prior art, the object of the present invention is to create a freely deployable cabin of the type mentioned that almost completely Plastic is made and still has a solid mechanical cohesion.

This object is achieved in that either on the corner post on the one hand and floor and Ceiling element on the other hand, or on the wall parts on the one hand and floor or Ceiling part on the other hand or on the wall parts on the one hand and the posts on the other mutually overlapping connecting elements are provided, each of which Have holes that are in alignment when the parts are assembled Have holes through which locking bolts extend, which hold together of the connected parts.

An embodiment of the invention is preferred in which the connecting elements are provided on corner posts and floor or ceiling part, at least two diametrically opposed corner posts on one side as well as floor and ceiling sections on the other hand have mutually overlapping connecting elements, which each have holes in the assembled state of corner posts, floor and Align the ceiling part with each other and through which locking bolts extend that Ensure the cohesion of the posts with the base part and the ceiling part.

The connecting elements are preferably in the manner of tongue and groove connections manufactured and have holes that extend across the groove walls and the tongue extend. In the preferred embodiment, each connecting element has one Post and the corresponding ceiling part and on the bottom part at the other end of the Post at least two cross holes, through which the locking bolt extend, these locking bolts have a minimum distance of 50 mm.

Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment of the invention extend in the form of Tongue and groove connecting elements over a circular arc with a Angular range between 30 ° and 90 °, in particular over an arc of approximately 60 °. The Holes then expediently extend in the radial direction of the curve at an angular distance of at least 30 °, preferably of about 45 °. The The radius of curvature of the circular arcs formed by tongue and groove is in the range between 5 and 50 cm, preferably between 15 and 30 cm, based on the arch of one imaginary center line along a tongue or groove. Of course, the curvature of the arc formed by tongue and groove are not necessarily constant, but can for example, be larger in the central area (smaller radius of curvature) than in the area of Tongue and groove end sections.

Furthermore, tongue and groove in the preferred embodiment of the invention Longitudinal section wedge-shaped. This facilitates assembly and ensures nevertheless a secure cohesion, especially if the spring is a little oversize opposite the groove, so that the holes in the tongue and groove only under a certain Force can be brought into flight with each other and in this position by the Bolts are held in tight engagement.

The connecting elements are preferably in the form of springs on the upper and lower end of the post, while the fasteners on the ceiling part and on the bottom part have the corresponding grooves. For this purpose, the walls of the grooves extend into the Corner areas of the floor part and ceiling part approximately perpendicular to the plane of the floor or Ceiling part in the direction of the posts. On the ceiling part are in the imaginary extension Post or the connecting elements still provided plastic approaches or "ears" that each have a crane eye in the form of a large cross hole.

All cross holes through hollow parts, especially through the hollow walls of the grooves and also through the hollow spring at the top and bottom of the posts are as continuously encased bores or tubes, which means the transfer of forces facilitated by push-through locking bolts and a better power distribution in the Plastic material causes.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the cabin has four corner posts and one essentially square plan with rounded corners. The outer contour of the Corner posts follow this curve, and the corner posts extend across a cross section more or less large circular arches down to the wall elements that as a filling or Paneling are formed between the corner posts.

The wall thicknesses of the hollow parts, in particular the walls of the grooves and the springs, are between about 3 mm and 6 mm, and can, especially since the power transmission between posts, Ceiling part and bottom part over the completely covered cross holes and the Locking bolt is applied, relatively large tensile and thrust forces transmitted. in the The area of the cross bores of the connecting elements should therefore have the greatest wall thicknesses be provided.

The provision of two connecting bolts spaced apart on each pair of Fasteners contribute considerably to improving stability and Increase the torsional stiffness.

With the help of the crane eyelets, the entire cabin can be attached to two diametrically opposite posts be hung up. All posts expediently have the connecting elements as well as the floor and ceiling sections in all corner areas Have fasteners. Also the crane eyes in the imaginary extension of the posts on the ceiling part are expediently provided in all corner areas. The crane eyes are Cross holes in the ears or tabs at the top of the fasteners Ceiling part that have a relatively large diameter of 50 mm, for example.

The wall parts are expediently received in grooves in the longitudinal side edges of the individual posts, with corresponding grooves in the bottom part and in Ceiling part can be provided so that the edge of the wall parts when fully assembled Cabin is encircled in the posts, floor parts and ceiling parts. It goes without saying that also as a kind of tongue in a lateral groove of the post and in corresponding Grooves along the edges of the floor and ceiling parts engaging edges of the wall parts also through appropriate holes and bolts with the posts reaching through and / or ceiling and floor part could be connected.

One of the wall elements is of course designed as a door so that you can access the Has cabin. If necessary, the wall parts can also be produced as double-walled hollow parts, for example if you want good thermal insulation. Also have the wall parts Reinforced reinforcement structures in the form of longitudinal and transverse ribs, also in decorative way can be arranged so that in terms of spatial Structure gives a visual impression similar to that of wood paneling.

Figur 1

eine Vorderansicht einer Kabine 10 mit schemenhaft eingezeichneten Einbauten,

Figur 2

eine Schnittansicht der Kabine nach Figur 1 mit einer Schnittebene entlang der Linie II-II in Figur 1,

Figur 3

eine perspektive Explosionsdarstellung der Einzelteile der Kabine, wobei jedoch nur zwei von vier Pfosten 4 dargestellt sind,

Figur 4

eine Draufsicht von oben auf ein Bodenelement 1,

Figur 5

die Seitenansicht eines Pfostens 4,

Figur 6

den unteren Abschnitt eines weiteren Pfostens 4,

Figur 7

eine Ansicht von oben auf noch einen weiteren Pfosten rechts in Figur 3,

Figur 8

eine Schnittansicht durch eines der oberen Verbindungselemente 6 und

Figur 9

eine Schnittansicht durch ein unteres Verbindungselement 5 eines Pfostens 4.

Further advantages, features and possible uses of the present invention will become clear from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the associated figures. Show it:

Figure 1

3 a front view of a cabin 10 with schematically drawn internals,

Figure 2

2 shows a sectional view of the cabin according to FIG. 1 with a sectional plane along the line II-II in FIG. 1,

Figure 3

3 shows a perspective exploded view of the individual parts of the cabin, but only two of four posts 4 are shown,

Figure 4

a top view of a floor element 1,

Figure 5

the side view of a post 4,

Figure 6

the lower section of another post 4,

Figure 7

a top view of yet another post on the right in Figure 3,

Figure 8

a sectional view through one of the upper connecting elements 6 and

Figure 9

a sectional view through a lower connecting element 5 of a post 4.

The cabin 10 shown in a front view in FIG. 1 without a door essentially has one square cross section with rounded corners. It essentially consists of one lower bottom part 1, four uprights 4 projecting at the corners, between which not in Figure 1 visible wall elements 3 are used, and one sitting on top of the post 4 Ceiling element 2. The cabin 10 is essentially held together by in FIG. 1 Bolts, not shown, which extend through bores 11, the one in downward, upper connecting elements 6 and in upward lower ones Connecting elements 7 are formed and which are not in alignment with in Figure 1 Bores 15 in connecting elements 5 of the post 4 are aligned. The ceiling part is at its upper end in the corner areas above the post 4 in one piece with crane eyelets 8 educated.

In Figure 2, which shows a sectional view along the line II-II in Figure 1, one can see Rear wall part 3, which is inserted in the lower bottom element 1 in a groove 14 and itself extends into a groove 12 at the top of the ceiling element 2. The also recognizable Connecting element 6 only detects a rear edge of a side edge of the wall element 2 and essentially serves to connect the ceiling element 2 with a post 4. The in Figures 1 and 2 only schematically illustrated internals are in perspective Exploded view according to Figure 3 can be seen more precisely.

In Figure 3 you can clearly see the bottom part 1, which has a bottom plate 30, the Underside wide recesses 25 for receiving the forks of a forklift or the like. The rear area of the base plate also has a mounting base 24 for a toilet tank 20 on. At the four corner areas of the base plate 30 are each Connecting elements 7 arranged, each of a corner, upwards protruding short nozzle, in the top of which an arcuate curved Receiving groove 7 'for a corresponding arcuate spring 5 on the underside a post 4 is provided. In Figure 4, the base plate 30 is again in a plan view and you can see here that the receiving groove 7 'is a tapering downwards Blind hole is, which is surrounded by walls 7 ", which together the upstanding Form connection insert 7.

A so-called urinal 22 is also attached to the wall element 3 visible in FIG with a pipe socket opens into the toilet tank 20. The post 4 shown on the right is also with an integrally molded sink 21 or a shelf fitted.

The ceiling part 2 is arched in one direction and has on its top some reinforcement ribs on. With regard to the connecting elements 6, it is almost mirror image of the connecting elements 7 of the bottom part. With others Words, the connecting elements 6 consist of downwardly projecting lugs in their lower end face have an arcuate curved groove 6 ', which of walls 6 " is surrounded, which form the downward approach. Across the walls 6 " and also through the groove 6 'extend through two holes 11 which are assembled together Condition of the cabin is aligned with bores 15, which are shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 9 are recognizable. After the posts 4 with their connecting elements 5 in the grooves 7 ' the connecting elements 7 of the bottom part 1 inserted and then that Cover part in a corresponding manner with the grooves 6 'on the springs 5 at the top of the Post 4 has been plugged in, bolts 9 are aligned with one another Drilled holes 11, 15 and from the inside with the thread of the bolt unscrewed nuts screwed to a firm cohesion of floor, post and ceiling part.

At the top of the connecting elements 6 you can still clearly see that in Figure 3 mentioned crane eyelets 8, the directly on integrally molded ears or tabs the connecting elements 6 are formed, because in this way when transported by crane the forces on the crane eyes 8 directly via the connecting elements 6, 5 and the bolts 9 are transferred to the posts and from these to the base part 1.

In the view according to FIG. 4 of a bottom part from above, one can clearly see that arcuate receiving grooves 7 'of the connecting elements 7 and their walls 7 ". The position of the bores 11 is indicated by their axes 11 '. The base plate 30 also points near the outer edge and approximately flush with the ends of the arcuate grooves 7 'receiving grooves 14 for the lower edge of wall elements 3 on. The lower connecting elements 7 'also have the imaginary extension the curved grooves 7 'still short groove approaches 13', which in the imaginary vertical Extension of grooves 13 of the posts 4, which are best shown in Figures 5 to 7 recognizes.

The four posts of the cabin 10 shown here are all somewhat different to each other. Figure 5 shows, for example, an overall view of a post 4, the left in Figure 3 is shown and forms the rear left post according to the front view of Figure 1. Figure 6 shows the lower end of, for example, the front left post (starting from the View according to Figure 1) and the view from above corresponds to a post according to Figure 7 the view from above on the front recognizable post in Figure 1, which is also on the right side of the exploded perspective view according to FIG. 3 is shown.

The post 4 according to FIG. 5 has at its lower end a recess 27 for the Engagement with the toilet tank 20 to hold it securely on the receiving base 24. The two vertical side edges of the post 4 each have a receiving groove 13 Align approximately with the imaginary extension of the upper and lower springs 5, wherein in Figure 5, however, only one of the two grooves 13 can be seen in the plan view of a side edge is. Of the two springs 5, only one of the two receiving bores can be seen 15 for a bolt 9. In Figure 6 is the lower end of a post 4, but without the already mentioned recess 26, shown again enlarged, and you can also see here the receiving groove 13 for the side edge of a wall element 3 and the lower connecting element in the form of a spring 5 with a transverse bore 15.

FIG. 7 is the top view of the post 4 which can be seen at the front right in FIG one looks down on a spring 5 from above and the position of the receiving holes through the position of their axes 15 'is indicated. On the right you can still see a small hand basin 21, which can also be replaced by a simple shelf and which also in the Perspective view according to Figure 3 is clearly visible. Furthermore you can see at the bottom right in Figure 7, the receiving groove 13 for a wall element and the top left recess 23 for the Picking up a door.

Figure 8 shows a section through a connecting element 6 on a ceiling part 2, the Section runs vertically and along one of the axes 11 'of one of the bores 11. How one see, the receiving groove 6 'is trapezoidal in cross section and tapers towards the top, and the receiving bore 11 has widenings 18 at its two opposite ends, 18 'for receiving a bolt head or a screw nut at the other end of a Threaded bolt 9. Since the walls 6 "of the nut 6 'are hollow walls as shown in the 8 clearly recognizes the sectional view, the walls of the bore 11 are as short pipe sections 19, 19 'formed, since in this way the connecting elements 6 acting and transmitted by a bolt 9 forces absorbed much better and can be distributed.

In an analogous manner, the springs 5 are also formed, one of which is lower, for insertion tongue 5 in FIG. 9 which can be inserted into a groove 7 'on the connecting element 7 of a base part is shown. The tongues 5 which can be inserted into the upper groove 6 'are simply a mirror image the spring 5 shown in Figure 9 is formed. The spring 5 is a hollow, double-walled Part in which the through bore 15 is defined by a pipe section 16. The wall thickness of the wall 17 and also the wall thickness of the wall sections 6 "of Connecting element 6 and the corresponding wall section 7 "of the connecting element 7 can be equipped with a larger wall thickness than the rest Wall parts that form the post 4 so that the connection elements 5, 6, 7 occurring forces can be effectively absorbed and distributed without pull out any parts. Dei in cross-section wedge-shaped spring 5 can be compared to Receiving groove 6 'or 7' have a slight oversize, so that the spring 5 with tighter Fit in the groove 6 'or 7' is seated when the bores 11, 15 are aligned have been. The wedge shape makes it easier to insert the springs 5 into the grooves 6 ', 7', so that this does not require excessive force, which also separates of post 4 and ceiling part 2 or floor part 1 when dismantling the Cabin 10 is no problem.

As can be seen from the general description and the claims, the Connection not necessarily, as shown in the figures, between the corner posts and floor part and ceiling part take place, but instead corresponding ones Fasteners also between the corner posts and the wall parts or between the Wall parts and floor and ceiling parts are provided, but basically one Connection with the bottom part and ceiling part either via the corner posts or via the Wall parts is preferred to give the cabin 10 overall maximum stability and good Transportability, for example with the help of crane eyelets on the ceiling part. Of course, all three groups of elements, i.e. Corner posts, wall parts and floor and ceiling part with corresponding overlapping connecting elements Cross bores through which bolts extend are connected. The preferred embodiment, however, has the advantage of being relatively simple and inexpensive Manufacture and assembly of the cabin.

Claims (20)

1. Freely erectable small cabin, in particular toilet cabin, which has a base part (1), a cover part (2), a wall element (3) and also corner uprights connecting together the wall elements, base part and cover part, all the above-named parts being manufactured from plastic, characterized in that reciprocally overlapping connecting elements (5, 6, 7) are provided either on the uprights on the one hand and base part and cover part on the other hand, and/or on the wall elements on the one hand and base and cover parts on the other hand, and/or on the wall elements on the one hand and the uprights on the other hand, which connecting elements are provided with bores (11, 15) which are aligned with each other when the parts concerned are assembled and through which locking pins (9) extend which ensure the cohesion of the parts connected to one another.
2. Cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two diametrically opposed corner uprights (4) on the one hand and base part (1) and cover part (2) on the other hand have reciprocally overlapping connecting elements (5, 6, 7) which are provided with bores (11, 15) which are aligned with each other when corner uprights (4), base part (1) and cover part (2) are assembled and through which locking pins (9) extend which ensure the cohesion of the uprights (4) with the cover part (2) and the base part (1).
3. Cabin according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting elements (5, 7) on the base part (1) and on the cover part (2) extend in the corner areas essentially perpendicular to the base or cover plane and in the direction of the corner uprights (4) connected to these elements.
4. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the corner uprights and the base parts (1) and the cover parts (2) are manufactured as hollow parts by centrifugal spinning.
5. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connecting elements (5, 6, 7) are developed on the one hand as wall parts defining grooves (5, 6) and on the other hand as springs (6) fitting into the grooves (5, 7).
6. Cabin according to claim 5, characterized in that groove (5, 7) and spring (6) each extend over an angle arc of between 30° and 90°, preferably over approximately 60°.
7. Cabin according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the grooves (5, 7) are closed at their ends and as a result define a blind hole.
8. Cabin according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the radius of curvature of the angle art of groove (5, 7) and spring (6), measured along the centre line of groove (5, 7) or spring (6), is between 5 cm and 50 cm.
9. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has exactly four corner uprights (4).
10. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cover part (2) has crane eyes (8) developed in plastic projections (11) for instance in extension of the connecting elements (5, 6, 7).
11. Cabin according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the connecting elements groove (5, 7) and spring (6) are wedge-shaped in longitudinal section.
12. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the uprights (4) and connecting elements (5, 6, 7) developed as hollow parts have a wall thickness, delimiting the corresponding cavities, of between 3 and 6 mm.
13. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the cross-bores (11, 15) through the connecting elements (5, 6, 7) developed as hollow parts are developed as pipes or are continuously encased.
14. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the wall parts (3) are manufactured by deep-drawing.
15. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the wall elements (3) are housed in grooves of the longitudinal sides of the uprights (4) and/or in grooves on the base part (1) and/or in grooves in the cover part (2).
16. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the wall elements have stamped reinforcement structures.
17. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it is manufactured from polyethylene.
18. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that all the connecting elements (5, 6, 7) on the uprights (4), the base part (1) and the cover part (2) have at least two bores for the housing of locking pins (9).
19. Cabin according to claim 18, characterized in that the bores are a minimum distance of 5 cm apart and, in the case of curved connecting elements, separated by an angle of at least 30°, preferably of approximately 45°.
20. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the wall parts (3) are also developed as double-walled hollow parts.

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