EP0966072B1 - Dispositif de commutateur pour machines électriques - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutateur pour machines électriques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0966072B1
EP0966072B1 EP99107597A EP99107597A EP0966072B1 EP 0966072 B1 EP0966072 B1 EP 0966072B1 EP 99107597 A EP99107597 A EP 99107597A EP 99107597 A EP99107597 A EP 99107597A EP 0966072 B1 EP0966072 B1 EP 0966072B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
commutator
brushes
push
brush
trapezoidal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99107597A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0966072A2 (fr
EP0966072A3 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Nitzsche
Heinz Seibert
Gerald Kuenzel
Oliver Jung
Hans-Peter Seebacher
Bernd Wieland
Peter Litterst
Hansjuergen Prof.Dr. Linde
Uwe Neumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0966072A2 publication Critical patent/EP0966072A2/fr
Publication of EP0966072A3 publication Critical patent/EP0966072A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0966072B1 publication Critical patent/EP0966072B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/46—Auxiliary means for improving current transfer, or for reducing or preventing sparking or arcing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power turning device for Electrical machines in the preamble of claim 1 defined genus.
  • Such power turning devices such as those in the DE 40 16 663 C2 are described, usually have one cylindrical commutator, also collector or commutator called that of a variety of axially aligned Is composed of slats that are isolated from each other and connected to one turn of an armature winding are.
  • the armature winding is in an iron sheet package punched-out anchor grooves of a rotor or rotor added, which rotates together with the commutator a rotor, armature or rotor shaft that sits at electric motors the output shaft and in electric Generators the drive shaft of the electrical machine represents.
  • the brushes as coal, commutator, collector or commutator brushes are in so-called brush cases axially displaceable and are so-called.
  • Brush springs with their pressure switch facing the commutator or pressing surface on the outer jacket of the commutator pressed.
  • the radially aligned brush holder is on attached to a brush holder.
  • the brushes With rotating commutator Depending on the design of the brush holder, the brushes lead more or less large vibrations that don't result in a inconsiderable noise.
  • the current transfer between collector fins and the brushes impaired, resulting in a higher Current density at the transition point, which in turn leads negative for wear and the life of the brushes as well as the efficiency of the machine.
  • the power turning device has the advantage that the concave shape of the commutator the vibration amplitude of the brushes along its outer surface be considerably restricted in the axial direction.
  • the outer jacket of the commutator is provided with scoring or corrugation, which is a kind Forced guidance of the brushes on the commutator surface causes.
  • This forced guidance is optimal if according to a advantageous embodiment of the invention, the pressing surface the commutator brushes with a similar grooving or Corrugation is provided so that the brushes over the two now engaging grooves or corrugations quasi are guided in the circumferential direction of the commutator. With not with grooved brushes will become one Tracking only after a short use with the first abrasion the brushes in the order of the groove depth.
  • the slats of the commutator at an angle to the commutator axis aligned.
  • tilting the Commutator lamellae becomes the sliding transition of the brushes from one slat to the next improved and so-called slat jumps, which from tolerance-dependent, different radial heights of the Commutator lamellae result, softened, which means that Radial vibration behavior of the brushes improved becomes.
  • the pressing surface of the brushes designed so that their axial Width from the leading edge over at least one Part of the extending in the direction of rotation of the commutator Depth of the press surface increases steadily.
  • the leading edge the brush is the one in the direction of rotation of the commutator at the front lying edge of the brushes.
  • the power turning device shown schematically in Fig. 1 for an electrical machine comprises a commutator 10 which rotatably on a rotor shaft, not shown here Rotors of the electrical machine sits, as well as at least two Brushes 11 for current supply, which are non-rotatable in the housing electrical machine are held.
  • the commutator 10 is off a plurality of axially to the commutator axis 18 aligned, current-conducting commutator bars 12 composed in the circumferential direction of the commutator 10 lie next to each other and are isolated from each other.
  • the Insulating surfaces are designated 13.
  • the slats 12 run in slat hooks 14 on, which are used to connect the rotor winding.
  • the brushes 11 are axially displaceable in the brush holder 15 added, the brush holder 15 on an im Machine housing rotatably held brush holder 16 so are attached that the brushes 11 radially to the commutator 10th are aligned.
  • a brush spring not shown here, that on the face away from the commutator 10 Brush 11 rests with spring pressure, the brush 11 presses with its pressing surface 111 non-positively on the circumference of the Commutator 10 on.
  • the outer casing of the commutator must be kept as small as possible 10 not cylindrical, but concave.
  • the commutator 10 shown in FIG. 2 is still additionally the outer jacket with corrugation or scoring 17 provided, which is enlarged in section in Fig. 4 in section is shown.
  • the scoring is 17 straight teeth with symmetrical tooth flanks, where the groove spacing a, i.e. the distance between two Tooth tips, approx. 0.2 - 0.6 mm and the groove depth t, i.e. the Distance from tooth tip and tooth base is approx. 0.1 - 0.4 mm.
  • 5 is another embodiment of a Groove 17 shown.
  • the scoring shows one sinusoidal corrugation, the groove spacing a and Groove depth t are dimensioned as in Fig. 4.
  • the pressing surface 111 of the brushes 11 with one Grooving, as described, is advantageous also the pressing surface 111 of the brushes 11 with one Grooving, as described, to be provided so that the force-fitting pressing of the brushes 11 onto the commuator 10 the grooving on the pressing surface 111 and the Groove 17 on the commutator 10 interlock, whereby the Brushes 11 are practically tracked over the two creases and not significant in the direction of the commutator axis 18 can swing.
  • 6 - 11 are different versions of the Pressing surface 111 of the brushes 11 shown, the Press-on surface 111 of the cross-sectional area of the brushes 11 equivalent.
  • the pressing surface 111 is elliptical or oval, trapezoidal in Fig. 7 and wedge-shaped in Fig. 8 educated.
  • the pressing surface is made of an oval Surface section 19 and a rectangular Surface section 20 composed.
  • the Press-on surface 111 a trapezoidal surface section 21 and a rectangular surface section 20, while the Press-on surface 111 in FIG. 11 has a triangular shape Surface section 22 and a rectangular Surface section 20 has.
  • the rectangular area section 20 can also be square in all exemplary embodiments be formed.
  • All variants of the pressing surface 111 of the Brushes 11 have in common that the axial width of the Pressing surface 11, starting from the leading edge 24 of the Brush 11 over at least part of the direction of rotation Commutator 10 extending depth of the pressing surface 111 steadily increasing. 6 - 11 is the direction of rotation of the Commutator 10 marked by arrow 23. The The leading edge 24 of the brushes 11 is in the direction of rotation front edge of the brushes 11. This design of the Press-on surface 111 of the brushes 11 improves this Vibration behavior of the brushes 11 in the operation of the electrical machine.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif de commutation de courant pour des machines électriques comprenant un commutateur (10) formé de lamelles (12) conductrices de courant et de balais (11) conducteurs de courant, qui sont alignés essentiellement dans la direction radiale par rapport à l'axe (18) du commutateur, ces balais reposant avec une pression d'application contre l'enveloppe extérieure du commutateur (10),
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'enveloppe extérieure du commutateur (10) a une forme concave.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'enveloppe extérieure du commutateur (10) comporte des rainures (17).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les rainures (17) ont une forme de dent avec des flancs de dent symétriques ou une ondulation sinusoïdale.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la profondeur (t) des rainures est de l'ordre de 0,1 - 0,4 mm et l'intervalle des rainures (a) de l'ordre de 0,2 - 0,6 mm.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la surface d'application (111) des balais (11) sur l'enveloppe extérieure du commutateur (10) est munie des mêmes rainures.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les lamelles (12) du commutateur (10) sont inclinées par rapport à l'axe (18) du commutateur.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la largeur axiale de la surface d'application (111) des balais (11) appliqués sur l'enveloppe extérieure du commutateur (10) partant de l'arête amont (24) vue dans le sens de rotation (23) du commutateur (10), augmente en continu sur au moins une partie de la profondeur de la surface d'application (111) qui s'étend dans la direction de rotation (23) du commutateur (10).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la surface d'application (111) est en forme de trapèze, de coin ou d'ovale ou se compose d'un segment de surface (20) rectangulaire ou carré combiné à un segment de surface (21, 22, 19) de forme trapézoïdale, triangulaire ou ovale.
EP99107597A 1998-06-17 1999-04-16 Dispositif de commutateur pour machines électriques Expired - Lifetime EP0966072B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19826883 1998-06-17
DE19826883A DE19826883A1 (de) 1998-06-17 1998-06-17 Stromwendevorrichtung für elektrische Maschinen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0966072A2 EP0966072A2 (fr) 1999-12-22
EP0966072A3 EP0966072A3 (fr) 2000-09-13
EP0966072B1 true EP0966072B1 (fr) 2002-03-13

Family

ID=7871101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99107597A Expired - Lifetime EP0966072B1 (fr) 1998-06-17 1999-04-16 Dispositif de commutateur pour machines électriques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0966072B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19826883A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2174552T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10058872A1 (de) * 2000-11-27 2002-06-06 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Bürste und Bürstenanordnung für eine dynamo-elektrische Maschine
US6657354B2 (en) * 2000-12-06 2003-12-02 Asmo Co., Ltd. Dynamo-electric machine having commutator and manufacturing method thereof
FR2889628B1 (fr) * 2005-08-08 2007-11-09 Valeo Systemes Dessuyage Balai et machine electrique tournante equipee d'un tel balai
DE102010064321A1 (de) * 2010-12-29 2012-07-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kommutator und Herstellungsverfahren dafür und elektrische Maschine
DE102012218095A1 (de) * 2012-10-04 2014-04-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schleifkontaktvorrichtung, elektrische Maschine, Verfahren zur Herstellung
FR2998113B1 (fr) * 2012-11-15 2016-01-01 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Balai pour machine electrique tournante
DE102013226895A1 (de) * 2013-12-20 2015-09-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrischer Generator
DE102014214075A1 (de) * 2014-07-18 2016-01-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Maschine mit spezieller Kontaktbürstengeometrie
DE102014225515A1 (de) * 2014-12-11 2016-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kommutierungseinrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2257162A1 (en) * 1974-01-04 1975-08-01 Preux Roger Switch with rotary collector - has metal contact strips on collector inclined w.r.t. collector axis
DE2643191A1 (de) * 1976-09-22 1978-03-23 Siemens Ag Stromwender fuer elektrische maschinen
US4638202A (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-01-20 Resinoid Engineering Corporation Commutator and method of making same
GB2185638B (en) * 1986-01-22 1989-11-01 Johnson Electric Ind Mfg A commutator for a d c motor
US5049772A (en) * 1990-09-10 1991-09-17 United Technologies Corporation Reduced noise commutator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59900970D1 (de) 2002-04-18
DE19826883A1 (de) 1999-12-23
ES2174552T3 (es) 2002-11-01
EP0966072A2 (fr) 1999-12-22
EP0966072A3 (fr) 2000-09-13

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