EP0963363A1 - Use of a wire mesh - Google Patents

Use of a wire mesh

Info

Publication number
EP0963363A1
EP0963363A1 EP98904020A EP98904020A EP0963363A1 EP 0963363 A1 EP0963363 A1 EP 0963363A1 EP 98904020 A EP98904020 A EP 98904020A EP 98904020 A EP98904020 A EP 98904020A EP 0963363 A1 EP0963363 A1 EP 0963363A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire mesh
gas purging
gas
channels
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98904020A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Herbert Metzger
Stefan Pischek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Didier Werke AG
Original Assignee
Didier Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Didier Werke AG filed Critical Didier Werke AG
Publication of EP0963363A1 publication Critical patent/EP0963363A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
    • B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
    • B28B7/342—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials which are at least partially destroyed, e.g. broken, molten, before demoulding; Moulding surfaces or spaces shaped by, or in, the ground, or sand or soil, whether bound or not; Cores consisting at least mainly of sand or soil, whether bound or not
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C04B38/065—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials characterised by physical aspects, e.g. shape, size or porosity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/48—Bottoms or tuyéres of converters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0087—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for metallurgical applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of a wire mesh covered with a combustible material and assembled as a self-supporting shaped body.
  • Such a wire mesh which is, for example, plastic-coated, is known, for example, for creating fences.
  • the invention is directed to the second group.
  • the technology described above for the formation of pore channels in refractory gas purging elements has so far prevailed, in particular for the following reasons: the channels (pore channels) which arise after the threads or tapes, which are usually made of plastic, are only allowed to have a relatively small cross-section (diameter). point, usually a maximum cross-section of 1.0 mm is aimed for. With larger cross sections, the risk of molten metal infiltration increases considerably. Plastic threads or tapes with such small cross sections, however, only have insufficient inherent stability, so that they have to be assembled in the tensioning devices mentioned. After that, they are usually cast with refractory casting compound. After the fireproof mass has set, the plastic inserts are later burned out during the usually necessary tempering and / or fire of the gas purging element.
  • the invention provides a significant technical advance insofar as the tensioning devices mentioned can be dispensed with.
  • the wire mesh is assembled in a cylindrical shape, for example, it is simply placed on the bottom of a mold for a gas purging plug and then cast over (refilled) with a refractory mass. After setting and demolding, the purging stone can be annealed and / or fired in order to drive out the burn-out sheathing material, so that annular channels are formed around the “wire cables” along which the treatment gas can be transported through the purging body. It is obvious that by selecting appropriate, mostly metallic materials with very small diameters (cross sections), a wire mesh can be produced with the corresponding inherent stability, which is sufficient to keep the molded body dimensionally stable when it is poured over it.
  • the wrapping material can be applied in a thin to thinnest layer. It can consist of plastic, but also of wax, paraffin or similar burn-out materials.
  • the inventive concept is also not subject to any restrictions with regard to the cross-sectional shape of the individual wires. Wires with round cross sections, angular cross sections or the like can be used.
  • the geometry of the molded body is almost arbitrary.
  • the wire mesh can have a conical shape or a truncated cone shape.
  • Cylindrical shapes with angular cross sections are also conceivable; but also shaped bodies with a semicircular cross section, L- or U-shaped cross section fall under the term "shaped bodies"; The only requirement is that when it is placed on a floor, for example, it is self-supporting and this also during the further production process for the ceramic gas purging stones mentioned.
  • coated wire meshes can not only be used for the production of cast gas flushing elements; of course, they can also be used when the ceramic material is pressed.
  • wire mesh allows any execution forms with regard to the concrete geometry. So it can Wire mesh and thus the structure of the subsequent pore channel system. However, more or less coaxial main wires (main channels) are also conceivable, which are connected by individual cross channels (cross wires).
  • a coiled course of individual wires, possibly on a wire base, is also conceivable.
  • wire meshes of the types mentioned can also be assembled next to one another or coaxially with one another.
  • the wire mesh can be used not only in the context of discrete gas purging elements, but also in the context of monolithic gas purging elements (gas purging devices). For example, it can be placed in the base of an electric oven and cast with monolithic ceramic material.
  • Necessary gas connection elements are assigned in a manner known per se.
  • the wire thickness is typically 0.1 to 1.0 mm.
  • the coating can have a very small thickness (thickness) in order to make it more difficult to infiltrate the metal melt after it has been removed (for example by chemical reaction, melting or burnout).
  • the thickness can be less than 0.3 mm, also less than 0.1 mm. With a small gap width, a relatively large flushing cross section is achieved due to the ring channel structure of the channels.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of a wire mesh coated with a material that can be burnt out for the production of gas flush elements, notably to form a porous network inside a ceramic matrix material after said coating material has burn out.

Description

Verwendung eines Drahtgeflechtes Use of a wire mesh
B e s c h r e i b u n gDescription
Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung eines mit einem aus- brennbare Material umhüllten, als selbsttragender Formkörper konfektionierten Drahtgeflechtes .The invention relates to the use of a wire mesh covered with a combustible material and assembled as a self-supporting shaped body.
Ein derartiges Drahtgeflecht, welches beispielsweise kunststoffbeschichtet ist, ist zum Beispiel zur Erstellung von Zäunen bekannt.Such a wire mesh, which is, for example, plastic-coated, is known, for example, for creating fences.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine völlig andere Verwendung eines solchen Drahtgeflechtes vorgestellt, nämlich zur Herstellung von keramischen Gasspülelementen, und dort zur Ausbildung eines Porennetzwerkes innerhalb eines keramischen Matrixmaterials, nach dem Ausbrand des genannten Umhüllungsmaterials .With the present invention, a completely different use of such a wire mesh is presented, namely for the production of ceramic gas purging elements, and there for the formation of a pore network within a ceramic matrix material, after the burning-out of the mentioned covering material.
Zur Herstellung derartiger feuerfester keramischer Gasspül- elemente, meist in Form diskreter Gasspülsteine, sind verschiedene Techniken bekannt. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Ausbildung von Poren oder Strömungskanälen, über die ein Behandlungsgas durch den Gasspülstein in eine Metallschmelze eingedüst werden kann.Various techniques are known for producing such refractory ceramic gas purging elements, usually in the form of discrete gas purging stones. This applies in particular to the Formation of pores or flow channels through which a treatment gas can be injected through the gas purging plug into a molten metal.
Grundsätzlich sind drei unterschiedliche Arten derartiger GasspülSteinelemente bekannt, nämlich:Basically three different types of such gas purging stone elements are known, namely:
1. Gasspülsteine mit ungerichteter Porosität1. Gas purging stones with undirected porosity
2. Gasspülsteine mit gerichteter Porosität2. Gas purging stones with directed porosity
3. sogenannte Schlitzspüler3. So-called slot washer
Die Erfindung ist auf die zweite Gruppe gerichtet .The invention is directed to the second group.
Der DE 195 04 941 AI ist zu entnehmen, daß Gasspülsteine bekannt sind, bei denen die Gasdurchtrittskanäle mit Hilfe einer räumlichen Netzstruktur gebildet werden, die im inneren des monolithisch abgegossenen feuerfesten Formteils mit Hilfe einer Spannvorrichtung erzeugt werden. Die Herstellung dieses Gasspülsteins wird als relativ aufwendig bezeichnet .DE 195 04 941 AI shows that gas purging stones are known in which the gas passage channels are formed with the aid of a spatial network structure, which are produced in the interior of the monolithically cast refractory molded part with the aid of a tensioning device. The production of this gas purging plug is referred to as relatively complex.
Die gleiche Schrift erwähnt auch bekannte Spüler gemäß DE-OS 38 23 897, bei denen ebenfalls mit Hilfe einer Spannvorrichtung Fäden bzw. Bänder in eine Gießform eingesetzt werden, die nach dem /Abbinden des Formteils herausgezogen oder ausgebrannt werden können.The same document also mentions known dishwashers according to DE-OS 38 23 897, in which threads or tapes are also inserted into a casting mold with the aid of a tensioning device and can be pulled out or burned out after the molded part has set.
Die vorbeschriebene Technologie zur Ausbildung von Porenkanälen in feuerfesten Gasspülelementen hat sich insbesondere aus folgenden Gründen bisher durchgesetzt : die nach Ausbrand der meist aus Kunststoff bestehenden Fäden oder Bänder entstehenden Kanäle (Porenkanäle) dürfen nur einen relativ kleinen Querschnitt (Durchmesser) auf- weisen, wobei meist ein maximaler Querschnitt von 1,0 mm angestrebt wird. Bei größeren Querschnitten erhöht sich die Gefahr einer Metallschmelzeinfiltration erheblich. Kunststoffäden oder -bänder mit derart geringen Querschnitten weisen jedoch nur eine unzureichende Eigenstabilität auf, so daß sie in den genannten Spannvorrichtungen konfektioniert werden müssen. Danach werden sie meist mit feuerfester Gießmasse umgössen. Nach 7Abbinden der feuerfesten Masse werden die Kunststoffeinlagen später bei der meist ohnehin notwendigen Temperung und/oder einem Brand des Gasspülelementes ausgebrannt.The technology described above for the formation of pore channels in refractory gas purging elements has so far prevailed, in particular for the following reasons: the channels (pore channels) which arise after the threads or tapes, which are usually made of plastic, are only allowed to have a relatively small cross-section (diameter). point, usually a maximum cross-section of 1.0 mm is aimed for. With larger cross sections, the risk of molten metal infiltration increases considerably. Plastic threads or tapes with such small cross sections, however, only have insufficient inherent stability, so that they have to be assembled in the tensioning devices mentioned. After that, they are usually cast with refractory casting compound. After the fireproof mass has set, the plastic inserts are later burned out during the usually necessary tempering and / or fire of the gas purging element.
Die Erfindung schafft demgegenüber einen wesentlichen technischen Fortschritt insoweit, als auf die genannten Spannvorrichtungen verzichtet werden kann.In contrast, the invention provides a significant technical advance insofar as the tensioning devices mentioned can be dispensed with.
Es wird zwar an der Technologie ausbrennbarer Kanalbildner festgehalten; es werden jedoch keine reinen Kunststoffäden oder -bänder verwendet sondern mit einem ausbrennbaren Material umhüllte Drahtgeflechte, die entsprechend der Stabilität des metallischen Basiskörpers eine erhebliche Eigenstabilität aufweisen und entsprechend keiner oder keiner nennenswerten zusätzlichen Verankerung bedürfen.It is true to the technology of burnout channel builders; However, no pure plastic threads or tapes are used, but wire meshes covered with a burn-out material, which have a considerable inherent stability according to the stability of the metallic base body and accordingly require no or no significant additional anchoring.
Ist das Drahtgeflecht zum Beispiel in Zylinderform konfektioniert, so wird es einfach auf den Boden einer Form für einen Gasspülstein aufgesetzt und anschließend mit feuerfester Masse umgössen (übergössen) . Nach Abbinden und Entformen kann der Spülstein getempert und/oder gebrannt werden, um das ausbrennbare Umhüllungsmaterial auszutreiben, so daß um die "Drahtseile" ringförmige Kanäle entstehen, entlang der das Behandlungsgas durch den Spül- körper transportiert werden kann. Es ist offensichtlich, daß durch Auswahl entsprechender, meist metallischer Werkstoffe bei sehr geringen Durchmessern (Querschnitten) ein Drahtgeflecht mit entsprechender Eigenstabilität hergestellt werden kann, welche ausreicht, den Formkörper beim Übergießen mit keramischer Masse formstabil zu halten. Das Umhüllungsmaterial kann in dünner bis dünnster Schicht aufgebracht sein. Es kann aus Kunststoff, aber auch aus Wachs, Paraffin oder ähnlichen ausbrennbaren Materialien bestehen.If the wire mesh is assembled in a cylindrical shape, for example, it is simply placed on the bottom of a mold for a gas purging plug and then cast over (refilled) with a refractory mass. After setting and demolding, the purging stone can be annealed and / or fired in order to drive out the burn-out sheathing material, so that annular channels are formed around the “wire cables” along which the treatment gas can be transported through the purging body. It is obvious that by selecting appropriate, mostly metallic materials with very small diameters (cross sections), a wire mesh can be produced with the corresponding inherent stability, which is sufficient to keep the molded body dimensionally stable when it is poured over it. The wrapping material can be applied in a thin to thinnest layer. It can consist of plastic, but also of wax, paraffin or similar burn-out materials.
Auch hinsichtlich der Querschnittsform der einzelnen Drähte unterliegt der Erfindungsgedanke keinen Beschränkungen. Es können Drähte mit runden Querschnitten, eckigen Querschnitten oder dergleichen Anwendung finden.The inventive concept is also not subject to any restrictions with regard to the cross-sectional shape of the individual wires. Wires with round cross sections, angular cross sections or the like can be used.
Auch die Geometrie des Formkörpers ist nahezu beliebig. So kann das Drahtgeflecht neben der erwähnten Zylinderform eine Kegelform oder Kegelstumpfform aufweisen. Ebenso sind zylinderartige Formen mit eckigen Querschnitten denkbar; aber auch Formkörper mit halbkreisförmigem Querschnitt, L- oder U-förmigem Querschnitt fallen unter den Begriff "Formkörper"; Voraussetzung ist lediglich, daß dieser, wenn er beispielsweise auf einen Boden aufgestellt wird, selbsttragend ist und dies auch während des weiteren Herstellungsverfahrens für die genannten keramischen Gasspülsteine.The geometry of the molded body is almost arbitrary. Thus, in addition to the cylindrical shape mentioned, the wire mesh can have a conical shape or a truncated cone shape. Cylindrical shapes with angular cross sections are also conceivable; but also shaped bodies with a semicircular cross section, L- or U-shaped cross section fall under the term "shaped bodies"; The only requirement is that when it is placed on a floor, for example, it is self-supporting and this also during the further production process for the ceramic gas purging stones mentioned.
Die umhüllten Drahtgeflechte können nicht nur zur Herstellung von gegossener) Gasspülelementen Anwendung finden; selbstverständlich sind sie auch dann einsetzbar, wenn das keramische Material verpreßt wird.The coated wire meshes can not only be used for the production of cast gas flushing elements; of course, they can also be used when the ceramic material is pressed.
Der Begriff "Drahtgeflecht" läßt hinsichtlich der konkreten Geometrie beliebige Aus ührungs ormen zu. So kann das Drahtgeflecht und damit die Struktur des späteren Poren- kanalsystems netzartig sein. Ebenso sind aber auch mehr oder weniger koaxial zueinander verlaufende Hauptdrähte (Haupt- kanäle) denkbar, die durch einzelne Querkanäle (Querdrähte) verbunden sind.The term "wire mesh" allows any execution forms with regard to the concrete geometry. So it can Wire mesh and thus the structure of the subsequent pore channel system. However, more or less coaxial main wires (main channels) are also conceivable, which are connected by individual cross channels (cross wires).
Ein gewendelter Verlauf einzelner Drähte, ggf. auf einem Draht-Grundkörper, ist ebenso denkbar.A coiled course of individual wires, possibly on a wire base, is also conceivable.
Selbstverständlich können auch mehrere Drahtgeflechte der genannten Arten nebeneinander oder koaxial zueinander konfektioniert werden.Of course, several wire meshes of the types mentioned can also be assembled next to one another or coaxially with one another.
Das Drahtgeflecht läßt sich nicht nur im Rahmen diskreter Gasspülelemente, sondern auch im Rahmen monolithischer Gas- spülelemente (Gasspüleinrichtungen) verwenden. So kann es zum Beispiel in den Herdboden eines Elektroofens eingesetzt und mit monolithischer keramischer Masse umgössen werden.The wire mesh can be used not only in the context of discrete gas purging elements, but also in the context of monolithic gas purging elements (gas purging devices). For example, it can be placed in the base of an electric oven and cast with monolithic ceramic material.
Notwendige Gasanschlußelemente werden dabei auf an sich bekannte Art und Weise zugeordnet.Necessary gas connection elements are assigned in a manner known per se.
Die Drahtstärke (Breite, Länge oder Durchmesser) liegt typischerweise bei 0,1 bis 1,0 mm. Die Beschichtung kann eine sehr geringe Stärke (Dicke) aufweisen, um nach ihrer Entfernung (zum Beispiel durch chemische Reaktion, Aufschmelzen oder Ausbrand) eine Metallschmelzeinfiltration zu erschweren. Die Dicke kann kleiner 0,3 mm, auch kleiner 0 , 1 mm betragen. Bei kleiner Spaltbreite wird aufgrund der RingkanalStruktur der Kanäle ein relativ großer Spülquerschnitt erreicht . The wire thickness (width, length or diameter) is typically 0.1 to 1.0 mm. The coating can have a very small thickness (thickness) in order to make it more difficult to infiltrate the metal melt after it has been removed (for example by chemical reaction, melting or burnout). The thickness can be less than 0.3 mm, also less than 0.1 mm. With a small gap width, a relatively large flushing cross section is achieved due to the ring channel structure of the channels.

Claims

Verwendung eines DrahtgeflechtesP a t e n t a n s p r u c h Use of a wire mesh
1. Verwendung eines mit einem ausbrennbaren Material umhüllten, als selbsttragender Formkorper konfektionierten Drahtgeflechtes bei der Herstellung von keramischen Gas- spülelementen zur Ausbildung eines Porennetzwerkes innerhalb eines keramischen Matrixmaterials, nach Aus- brand des genannten Umhüllungsmaterials . 1. Use of a wire mesh covered with a burn-out material and assembled as a self-supporting shaped body in the production of ceramic gas-flushing elements for the formation of a pore network within a ceramic matrix material after the said covering material has burnt out.
EP98904020A 1997-01-21 1998-01-12 Use of a wire mesh Withdrawn EP0963363A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19701806A DE19701806C2 (en) 1997-01-21 1997-01-21 Use of a wire mesh
DE19701806 1997-01-21
PCT/DE1998/000085 WO1998031646A1 (en) 1997-01-21 1998-01-12 Use of a wire mesh

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0963363A1 true EP0963363A1 (en) 1999-12-15

Family

ID=7817823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98904020A Withdrawn EP0963363A1 (en) 1997-01-21 1998-01-12 Use of a wire mesh

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0963363A1 (en)
AU (1) AU6204998A (en)
CA (1) CA2278473A1 (en)
DE (2) DE19701806C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1998031646A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004026959B3 (en) * 2004-06-02 2006-02-16 Girlich, Dieter, Dr. Process for producing metallic lattice structures

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2219382B (en) * 1986-03-28 1990-10-31 Toshin Steel Co Plug for a refining apparatus
DE58900091D1 (en) * 1988-02-19 1991-05-29 Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag GASSPUELSTEIN.
DE3823897A1 (en) * 1988-07-14 1990-01-18 Plibrico Co Gmbh Apparatus and process for producing refractory blocks
DE4039232C2 (en) * 1990-12-08 1995-01-19 Didier Werke Ag Process for producing a gas purging plug and gas purging plug
DE4312988A1 (en) * 1993-04-21 1994-10-27 Didier Werke Ag Refractory ceramic moulding and production process
DE19504941C2 (en) * 1995-02-15 1998-05-20 Knoellinger Horst Gas purging stone

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9831646A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19880039D2 (en) 2000-01-05
DE19701806A1 (en) 1998-07-23
CA2278473A1 (en) 1998-07-23
DE19701806C2 (en) 1998-11-19
AU6204998A (en) 1998-08-07
WO1998031646A1 (en) 1998-07-23

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