EP0961798A1 - Process for the polymerization of lactide - Google Patents
Process for the polymerization of lactideInfo
- Publication number
- EP0961798A1 EP0961798A1 EP98903055A EP98903055A EP0961798A1 EP 0961798 A1 EP0961798 A1 EP 0961798A1 EP 98903055 A EP98903055 A EP 98903055A EP 98903055 A EP98903055 A EP 98903055A EP 0961798 A1 EP0961798 A1 EP 0961798A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lactide
- polymerization
- reactor
- polymer
- melt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/06—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
- C08G63/08—Lactones or lactides
Definitions
- the invention relates to a two-step polymerization of lactide to polylactide.
- the inven- tion in particular relates to a process in the second step of which there is carried out polymerization to a high conversion in conditions in which the mixing of the melt and the evaporation of lactide are avoided.
- biodegradable polymers i.e. biopolymers
- biopolymers have greatly in- creased, and many companies have made efforts to launch on the market packaging materials, hygiene products, sacks and films for agricultural purposes, and sacks for waste.
- various films have gained importance.
- the use of polymers of lactic acid in these applications has so far been limited by the high price of the polymers and their susceptibility to breaking down during technical processing.
- Polyhydroxy acids can be prepared by polycondensation reactions, which are typical in the preparation of polyesters, or by ring-opening polymerization from cyclic lactones. Polyhydroxy acids are thermoplastic polyesters which resemble many conventional polymers.
- Polylactides, or condensation polymers based on lactic acid, are for many reasons especially attractive, since their principal degradation product, lactic acid, is a product common in nature, it is not toxic and is used widely in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
- a high molecular weight polymer can best be produced by ring-opening polymerization from lactide. Lactic acid is optically active, and thus its dimer appears in four different forms: L,L-lactide; D,D-lactide; L,D-lactide (mesolactide); and a racemic mixture of L,L- and D,D-lactides.
- the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic lactones of hydroxy acids constitutes technology known per se.
- the polym- erization processes known are various, some examples being patent US 5,378,801 re- lating to extrusion polymerization, patent publication EP 0 664 309- A relating to two- step polymerization, and patent publication EP 0 499 747-A describing polymerization in a mixing reactor.
- the polymerization velocity of lactide depends on many factors, such as the initiator used, the initiator concentration, the polymerization temperature, and the lactide concentration.
- the polymerization velocity is significantly dependent on the lactide concentration when the lactide concentration is above 30 % by weight. Within this range also the viscosity of the polymer-lactide blend at the polymerization temperatures commonly used is relatively low, and thus the polymerization can advantageously be carried out in a stirred reactor at the desired polymerization temperature.
- an advantageous method of polymerizing to a lactide concentration up to approx. 30 % by weight is reactive extrusion polymerization, wherein the monomer and the catalyst are fed continuously into the extruder.
- the monomer polymerizes rapidly within the lactide concentration and temperature ranges concerned, typically within approx. 2 minutes to a conversion of 30 % by weight.
- the polymerization apparatus used in the second polymerization step is a heated pipe within which the polymer melt travels.
- the pipe walls are typically heated to a temperature of 180 - 250 °C, and the retention time is 1 - 10 min.
- the mixing of the polymer melt in the pipe is very slight.
- the apparatus according to this embodiment is shown in Figure 1.
- Preferred embodiments of other types include a heated conveyor in which the polymer melt is conveyed in a pressurized and heated space on a sheet or a metal belt, from which it is scraped for further processing of the polymer.
- a heated conveyor in which the polymer melt is conveyed in a pressurized and heated space on a sheet or a metal belt, from which it is scraped for further processing of the polymer.
- Figure 2 One typical apparatus of this embodiment is shown in Figure 2.
- the second reactor used in the process according to the invention is highly economical.
- the molar mass of the polymer does not rise during the second polymerization step even though the lactide is capable of reacting with the polymers present and the conversion reaches a high level.
- the polymer or copolymer according to the present invention can be prepared from L- lactide, D-lactide or D,L-lactide, or blends thereof.
- Conventional initiators suitable for lactide polymerization such as various tin and iron compounds, can be used in the polymerization.
- the molar mass (M w ) of the polymer is approximately 20000-500000, preferably 40000-300000.
- the polymer is prepared from L-lactide.
- the first step of the polymerization can be carried out advantageously by extrusion polymerization.
- the polymer is produced by heating the monomer or the monomer blend to produce a homogeneous melt and by adding a catalyst in order to polymerize the lactide, whereupon the ring opens. It is also possible advantageously to mix the catalyst and the lactide together while cold and to feed the blend into the extruder.
- the pipe walls were heated by means of an oil jacket to a temperature of approx. 220 °C, and the pressure resistance of the pipe was of the order of 1000 bar.
- the average retention time of the polymerizing lactide melt in the pipe system was approx. 2 min, the concentration of lactide in the polymer being less than 10 % by weight.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Compounds That Contain Two Or More Ring Oxygen Atoms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI970651 | 1997-02-14 | ||
FI970651A FI107337B (en) | 1997-02-14 | 1997-02-14 | A method for polymerizing lactide |
PCT/FI1998/000135 WO1998036008A1 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 1998-02-13 | Process for the polymerization of lactide |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0961798A1 true EP0961798A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
EP0961798B1 EP0961798B1 (en) | 2004-08-18 |
Family
ID=8548218
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98903055A Expired - Lifetime EP0961798B1 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 1998-02-13 | Process for the polymerization of lactide |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6214967B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0961798B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001513121A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20000071024A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE274013T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5991498A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69825728T2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI107337B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998036008A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI122108B (en) | 2004-11-17 | 2011-08-31 | Jvs Polymers Oy | Crosslinking biopolymer |
MX2009000527A (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2009-01-27 | Kimberly Clark Co | Biodegradable polyactic acid for use in nonwoven webs. |
US8710172B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2014-04-29 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester for use in nonwoven webs |
EP2044251B1 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2019-10-02 | NatureWorks LLC | Biodegradable aliphatic polyester for use in nonwoven webs |
KR100793903B1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-01-15 | 호남석유화학 주식회사 | Process for preparing lactones biodegradable solid polymer and apparatus for preparing the same |
US8518311B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2013-08-27 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Multicomponent biodegradable filaments and nonwoven webs formed therefrom |
EP2031009A1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-04 | Uhde Inventa-Fischer GmbH | Cleaning device for separating dilactide from a materials mixture, polymerisation device, method for separating dilactide from materials mixtures and application |
AT506038B1 (en) | 2007-11-14 | 2015-02-15 | Jungbunzlauer Austria Ag | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CYCLIC DIESTERS OF L, D AND D, L-MILKYLIC ACID |
AT506768B1 (en) | 2008-04-16 | 2013-10-15 | Jungbunzlauer Austria Ag | METHOD FOR CLEANING CYCLIC DIESTERS OF L- BZW. D-LACTIC |
CN102046861B (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2012-12-12 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Polylactic acid fibers |
PL2310437T3 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2016-03-31 | Purac Biochem Bv | Process for the continuous production of polyesters |
CN101665566B (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2012-01-04 | 南京工业大学 | Method for preparing polylactic acid and products thereof by utilizing double-screw extruder |
US8461262B2 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2013-06-11 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Polylactic acid fibers |
US20120214944A1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-23 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Polyolefin polylactic acid in-situ blends |
JP5806890B2 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2015-11-10 | 日立造船株式会社 | Process for producing semicrystalline polylactide |
CN103772667B (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2016-01-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of production method of polylactic acid material |
KR101692988B1 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2017-01-04 | 롯데케미칼 주식회사 | Polylactide resin having improved thermal stability |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5378801A (en) | 1988-11-01 | 1995-01-03 | Reichert; Dieter | Continuous process for the preparation of resorable polyesters and the use thereof |
US5136017A (en) | 1991-02-22 | 1992-08-04 | Polysar Financial Services S.A. | Continuous lactide polymerization |
DE69509927T2 (en) | 1994-01-21 | 2000-01-27 | Shimadzu Corp | Method of producing polylactic acid |
-
1997
- 1997-02-14 FI FI970651A patent/FI107337B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-02-13 AU AU59914/98A patent/AU5991498A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-02-13 WO PCT/FI1998/000135 patent/WO1998036008A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-02-13 AT AT98903055T patent/ATE274013T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-13 EP EP98903055A patent/EP0961798B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-13 US US09/367,382 patent/US6214967B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-13 JP JP53539798A patent/JP2001513121A/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-02-13 KR KR1019997007290A patent/KR20000071024A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-02-13 DE DE69825728T patent/DE69825728T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9836008A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0961798B1 (en) | 2004-08-18 |
US6214967B1 (en) | 2001-04-10 |
DE69825728T2 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
FI107337B (en) | 2001-07-13 |
JP2001513121A (en) | 2001-08-28 |
DE69825728D1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
KR20000071024A (en) | 2000-11-25 |
ATE274013T1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
AU5991498A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
FI970651A (en) | 1998-08-15 |
FI970651A0 (en) | 1997-02-14 |
WO1998036008A1 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
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