EP0961659B1 - Improved sprayer nozzle - Google Patents

Improved sprayer nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0961659B1
EP0961659B1 EP98962503A EP98962503A EP0961659B1 EP 0961659 B1 EP0961659 B1 EP 0961659B1 EP 98962503 A EP98962503 A EP 98962503A EP 98962503 A EP98962503 A EP 98962503A EP 0961659 B1 EP0961659 B1 EP 0961659B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzles
nozzle
adjustment
spray
discharge orifice
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP98962503A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0961659A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Guesdon
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Kuhn SAS
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Kuhn Nodet SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/04—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in flat form, e.g. fan-like, sheet-like
    • B05B1/044—Slits, i.e. narrow openings defined by two straight and parallel lips; Elongated outlets for producing very wide discharges, e.g. fluid curtains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/32—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general technical field of agricultural machinery and in particular machines or devices for spray.
  • the latter are most often fitted with ramps provided with spray nozzles intended for spreading, for example, treatment products phytosanitary on treatment surfaces such as fields or crops, from a tank containing said treatment products.
  • Other applications for example the distribution of liquid fertilizers, can also enter the part of the present invention. It is desirable in almost all applications, to control the quantity of product sprayed and spread on the ground or on a culture.
  • Spray bars for this purpose are often provided with particular nozzles having two or three openings of different dimensions. It is then necessary to select one of the openings, as well as a corresponding pressure generated by a pump, for a given forward speed. We know the amount of product spread by unit of area, the width of the sprayer boom being known.
  • a judicious choice of the speed of advance, the dimension of the opening of the nozzles and the pressure inside the sprayer allows increase the droplet size of the product jet.
  • Document EP-A-556 121 shows a method of regulation according to the preamble of claim 1 and an agricultural spray nozzle according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the state of technique and to increase the adjustment possibilities of a sprayer, taking account for a large number of parameters.
  • Another object of the invention aims to optimize a method for regulating a sprayer and to improve the performance of the mounted spray nozzles on such a sprayer.
  • An additional object of the present invention aims to correct in time the setting of a sprayer according to treatment parameters derived from setpoint information or read via sensors.
  • An additional object of the present invention aims to manage the amount of sprayed product, individually by each nozzle of a sprayer.
  • the objects assigned to the present invention are achieved using a method regulating agricultural spray nozzles consisting in controlling, in function of treatment parameters, the flow rate of a widespread treatment product by a set of nozzles by dimensioning with an adjusting means the orifice expelling said nozzles to obtain a given opening or closing of said expulsion orifice, according to values relating to information from sensors or setpoints, characterized in that it consists in using as that means for adjusting at least one piezoelectric element.
  • an agricultural spray nozzle consisting of a nozzle body provided with at least one inlet port and at least one expulsion port for a product of treatment, said nozzle comprising adjustment means for acting on the dimensions of the expulsion orifice and thus modify the opening of said nozzle, characterized in that the adjustment means comprise at least one element piezoelectric.
  • the nozzle of spray consists of at least one closure element arranged in the nozzle body and movable under the effect of the adjustment means between positions corresponding to the closure and calibrated openings of the expulsion orifice.
  • Another feature of the invention is obtained by the use of at least a piezoelectric element as an adjusting means for controlling a controlled opening or closing of an expulsion orifice of a nozzle agricultural sprayer.
  • a nozzle (1) according to the invention and shown in Figure 1, is shown in section for a better visualization of its constituent parts.
  • the nozzle (1) thus comprises a nozzle body (1a), for example cylindrical or tubular provided with an inlet orifice (1b).
  • the latter is connected to a supply line (not shown) in treatment product.
  • the nozzle (1) is also provided with at least one expulsion orifice (1c), as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the nozzle body (1a) is internally coated with a material (2) elastically deformable of the elastomer type.
  • the nozzle (1) is advantageously consisting of at least one closure element (3, 4) mounted in the nozzle body (1a).
  • the nozzle (1) also comprises adjustment means for acting on the dimensions of the expulsion orifice (1c). These adjustment means are suitable for order a given opening or closing of the expulsion orifice (1c).
  • the closing element (3, 4) is advantageously displaceable under the effect of adjustment means between positions corresponding to closure and to calibrated openings of the expulsion orifice (1c).
  • the nozzle (1) has two closing elements (3) and (4), of complementary shape and cooperating with each other, so as to define and size the expulsion orifice (1c).
  • the elements of closure (3) and (4) are actuated by the adjustment means.
  • the elasticity material (2) absorbs the movements of the closure elements (3) and (4).
  • the adjustment means are advantageously integrated in the nozzle body (1a) and comprise at least one piezoelectric element.
  • the adjustment means comprise two pads piezoelectric (5) and (6).
  • the use of at least one piezoelectric element is advantageous in the to the extent that such use allows the nozzle (1) to be associated with a control (not shown) and to receive from said control unit electrical signals intended to control a controlled opening or a closing the expulsion orifice (1c).
  • the control unit may include suitable electronic means and / or a microcomputer.
  • the elements of closure (3) and (4) are separated locally by the piezoelectric pads (5) and (6).
  • the latter are arranged on either side of the tongue (4a) intended to more or less deeply engage in a notch (3a) of form complementary. This commitment is made against the elasticity of the material (2).
  • the tongues (4a) and the notches (3a) are made with parts of the closing elements (4) and (3) and serve to guide the movement of said elements closing elements (3, 4).
  • the material (2) can also be used as a seal.
  • other seals not shown can also be provided and fitted by all means in the nozzle (1).
  • the nozzle (1) therefore comprises at least at the interface of the nozzle body (1a) and the (of) closure element (s) (3, 4), the material (2) whose elasticity allows absorbing the displacements of said closing element (s) (3, 4).
  • the amplitude of the deformations of the piezoelectric pellets (5, 6) allows the two closing elements (3) and (4) to be moved apart or brought closer. This corresponds respectively to an enlargement and a narrowing of opening of the nozzle (1).
  • Electrical signals show an established variation by predetermined control laws. These are for example stored in the control unit and take into account various parameters likely to be involved in a spraying operation.
  • Each nozzle (1) is advantageously controlled individually by the ordered.
  • the nozzle (1) can also be controlled directly by information from a sensor mounted on the sprayer (10) or by a set point the user.
  • the nozzle (1) is for example mounted, by any known means on a ramp (11) spraying an agricultural sprayer (10).
  • the ramp (11) can be provided with a set of nozzles (1).
  • the nozzle (1) according to the invention therefore makes it possible to implement the control method for sprayers detailed below.
  • the regulation method according to the invention consists in dimensioning the expulsion orifice (1c) of each nozzle (1) to obtain a given opening or a closure, according to values relating to information from sensors or instructions.
  • the regulation process is remarkable in that it allows to act on each nozzle (1) individually or on a selection of nozzles (1).
  • the regulation method according to the invention also consists in using electronic means or a microcomputer to control flow rates compatible with the processing parameters that have been taken into account.
  • the microcomputer is also able to memorize the quantities of sprayed product.
  • the regulation process therefore consists in managing the operation of the sprayer (10), for example, using the microcomputer.
  • the latter is therefore able to control the operation of a pump and therefore control spray pressure
  • the regulation method according to the invention can also consist of analyze data related to the operation of the sprayer (10) and / or the nozzles (1) and to make automatic corrections based on information stored.
  • An additional step is to act on the configuration of the orifice expulsion (1c) of the nozzles (1) to modify the shape of the jets (7) of the product treatment expelled.
  • the regulation method according to the invention consists in particular in: use electrical signals to control opening or closing the nozzle expulsion orifice (1).
  • the nozzles (1) according to the invention have either in their construction, either in their operation undeniable advantages.
  • Each nozzle (1) has a variable flow rate, which can be controlled from very precisely.
  • the amplitude of deformation of the piezoelectric pads (5, 6) is proportional to an electrical signal, which is adjustable with a large precision.
  • the nozzle system (1) can also be combined with a sensors to increase the degree of accuracy and control of operation a sprayer (10) according to the invention.
  • the quantities of treatment products sprayed at a geographical position can also be stored in the control unit or transmitted by any known means of communication (for example GPS) to a central computer. The latter can then update the data stored in the control unit when the sprayer (10) is moved from a plot to a other. This is particularly interesting for the distribution of liquid fertilizers or to spread various types or dosages of phytosanitary products, passing from one plot to another.
  • the control unit comprises for example a computer capable of memorize standard curves, non-linearity coefficients and others parameters useful for calculation.
  • a calculator has the advantage of work in real time, which, combined with an almost instantaneous reactivity of nozzles (1), provides optimum spray precision.
  • the modification of the forward speed is also taken into account immediately, and the nozzle flow (1) is modulated without delay.
  • Another advantage of the nozzles (1) according to the invention lies in the fact that we can take into account the appearance of the wind during a spraying, avoiding complicated and time-consuming corrective adjustment of the sprayer (10).
  • the nozzle (1) can be mounted on a complementary container containing the product (s) high concentration phytosanitary products.
  • the additional pressure vessel allows, thanks to the nozzle (1), to discharge a determined quantity of product phytosanitary to a mixing chamber.
  • the latter is also supplied with water by the sprayer tank (10), which contains exclusively water intended for the dilution of said phytosanitary product.
  • the treatment product obtained in the mixing chamber can then be conveyed to the ramp (11), itself provided, if necessary, with nozzles (1) for spraying.
  • the water contained in the sprayer tank (10) does not enter contact with the contents of the additional container so as to preserve water without treatment products in the tank (10).
  • the complementary container (s) associated with the chamber of corresponding mixture are mounted either directly on the ramp (11) or on a suitable support, provided on the sprayer (10).

Landscapes

  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for adjusting a field sprayer (10), which consists in controlling, according to treatment parameters, the flow rate of a treating product, sprayed by a set of nozzles (1), characterised in that it consists in dimensioning the discharge orifice (1c) of the nozzles (1c) to obtain a given aperture or closure of said discharge orifice (1c) on the basis of values related to data derived from sensors and set-points.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique général du machinisme agricole et notamment aux machines ou aux dispositifs de pulvérisation. Ces derniers sont le plus souvent équipés de rampes pourvues de buses de pulvérisation destinées à répandre par exemple des produits de traitement phytosanitaires sur des surfaces de traitement tels que des champs ou cultures, à partir d'une cuve contenant lesdits produits de traitement. D'autres applications, par exemple la distribution d'engrais liquides, peuvent également entrer dans le cadre de la présente invention. Il est souhaitable dans quasiment toutes les applications, de contrôler la quantité du produit pulvérisé et répandu sur le sol ou sur une culture.The present invention relates to the general technical field of agricultural machinery and in particular machines or devices for spray. The latter are most often fitted with ramps provided with spray nozzles intended for spreading, for example, treatment products phytosanitary on treatment surfaces such as fields or crops, from a tank containing said treatment products. Other applications, for example the distribution of liquid fertilizers, can also enter the part of the present invention. It is desirable in almost all applications, to control the quantity of product sprayed and spread on the ground or on a culture.

On connaít ainsi des procédés de régulation pour pulvérisateurs agricoles, lesquels consistent à commander en fonction de paramètres de traitement, le débit de produits de traitement répandu par un jeu de buses. Ceci permet par exemple d'adapter le débit à la vitesse d'avancement du pulvérisateur. Ce dernier peut bien évidemment être tracté ou porté par un tracteur. Des moyens électroniques montés sur le pulvérisateur et/ou le tracteur permettent par exemple de gérer le débit en fonction de la vitesse d'avancement et éventuellement de la localisation géographique. Une telle gestion se fait le plus souvent par l'intermédiaire d'une régulation en pression.There are thus known regulatory methods for agricultural sprayers, which consist in controlling according to processing parameters, the flow of treatment products spread by a set of nozzles. This allows for example to adapt the flow rate to the forward speed of the sprayer. The latter may well obviously be towed or carried by a tractor. Mounted electronic means on the sprayer and / or the tractor allow for example to manage the flow in depending on the forward speed and possibly the location geographical. Such management is most often done through a pressure regulation.

Il est également important de tenir compte de paramètres de traitement supplémentaires lors d'opérations de pulvérisation. Les rampes de pulvérisation sont à cet effet souvent pourvues de buses particulières présentant deux ou trois ouvertures de dimension différente. Il est alors nécessaire de sélectionner l'une des ouvertures, ainsi qu'une pression correspondante générée par une pompe, pour une vitesse d'avancement donnée. On connaít ainsi la quantité de produit répandue par unité de surface, la largeur de la rampe de pulvérisation étant connue.It is also important to take into account treatment parameters additional during spraying operations. Spray bars for this purpose are often provided with particular nozzles having two or three openings of different dimensions. It is then necessary to select one of the openings, as well as a corresponding pressure generated by a pump, for a given forward speed. We know the amount of product spread by unit of area, the width of the sprayer boom being known.

Lorsque les opérations de traitement ont lieu sous des conditions climatiques particulières, et en particulier sous l'influence du vent, il est préférable d'obtenir un jet de produit expulsé par les buses, dont les gouttelettes sont plus grossières et par conséquent plus lourdes. Un degré de pulvérisation moins prononcé permet alors de réduire le phénomène de dispersion due au vent, lequel conduit souvent à une répartition inhomogène du produit sur le sol.When processing operations take place under climatic conditions particular, and in particular under the influence of the wind, it is preferable to obtain a jet of product expelled by the nozzles, whose coarser droplets and by therefore heavier. A less pronounced degree of spraying then allows reduce wind dispersal, which often leads to inhomogeneous distribution of the product on the ground.

Un choix judicieux de la vitesse d'avancement, de la dimension de l'ouverture des buses et de la pression régnant à l'intérieur du pulvérisateur, permet d'augmenter la taille des gouttelettes du jet de produit.A judicious choice of the speed of advance, the dimension of the opening of the nozzles and the pressure inside the sprayer allows increase the droplet size of the product jet.

L'inconvénient majeur de telles buses ou tels systèmes de buses, résulte d'un manque de flexibilité d'utilisation desdites buses. Il est en effet nécessaire de sélectionner manuellement l'ouverture pour chaque buse, ce qui représente une opération coûteuse en temps. Cette dernière ne peut s'effectuer à plusieurs reprises pour une même parcelle lorsque les paramètres de traitement changent au cours de l'opération de pulvérisation. Ceci constitue une limitation significative excluant différents états de réglage du pulvérisateur. Il ne reste alors que la pression ou la vitesse d'avancement en tant que paramètres de traitement susceptibles d'être corrigés ou modulés.The major drawback of such nozzles or such nozzle systems results from a lack of flexibility in using said nozzles. It is indeed necessary to manually select the opening for each nozzle, which represents a time consuming operation. This cannot be done repeatedly for the same plot when the treatment parameters change during the spraying operation. This constitutes a significant limitation excluding different sprayer setting states. Only the pressure or the forward speed as processing parameters likely to be corrected or modulated.

Pour les systèmes où seule la pression peut varier pour modifier le débit de produit de traitement, on peut s'attendre à un retard ou à des temps de réaction plus ou moins importants pour obtenir la valeur de débit optimale. Ceci est lié à la durée nécessaire pour établir la pression optimale à l'intérieur du système de pulvérisation. L'imprécision sur les quantités répandues dépend alors directement de la vitesse d'avancement.For systems where only the pressure can vary to modify the flow of treatment product, delay or longer reaction times can be expected or less important to obtain the optimal flow value. This is related to the time required to establish the optimal pressure inside the system spray. The imprecision on the quantities spread then depends directly forward speed.

Le document EP-A-556 121 montre un procédé de régulation selon le préambule de la revendication 1 et une buse de pulvérisation agricole selon le préambule de la revendication 9.Document EP-A-556 121 shows a method of regulation according to the preamble of claim 1 and an agricultural spray nozzle according to the preamble of claim 9.

L'objet de la présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique et à augmenter les possibilités de réglage d'un pulvérisateur, en tenant compte d'un nombre important de paramètres.The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the state of technique and to increase the adjustment possibilities of a sprayer, taking account for a large number of parameters.

Un autre objet de l'invention vise à optimiser un procédé de régulation d'un pulvérisateur et à améliorer les performances des buses de pulvérisation montées sur un tel pulvérisateur.Another object of the invention aims to optimize a method for regulating a sprayer and to improve the performance of the mounted spray nozzles on such a sprayer.

Un objet supplémentaire de la présente invention vise à corriger en temps réel, le réglage d'un pulvérisateur en fonction de paramètres de traitement issus d'informations de consigne ou lues par l'intermédiaire de capteurs.An additional object of the present invention aims to correct in time the setting of a sprayer according to treatment parameters derived from setpoint information or read via sensors.

Un objet additionnel de la présente invention vise à gérer la quantité de produit pulvérisé, individuellement par chaque buse d'un pulvérisateur.An additional object of the present invention aims to manage the amount of sprayed product, individually by each nozzle of a sprayer.

Les objets assignés à la présente invention sont atteints à l'aide d'un procédé de régulation de buses de pulvérisation agricoles consistant à commander, en fonction de paramètres de traitement, le débit d'un produit de traitement répandu par un jeu de buses en dimensionnant à l'aide d'un moyen de réglage l'orifice d'expulsion desdites buses pour obtenir une ouverture donnée ou une fermeture dudit orifice d'expulsion et ce, selon des valeurs se rapportant à des informations issues de capteurs ou de consignes, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser en tant que moyen de réglage au moins un élément piézo-électrique.The objects assigned to the present invention are achieved using a method regulating agricultural spray nozzles consisting in controlling, in function of treatment parameters, the flow rate of a widespread treatment product by a set of nozzles by dimensioning with an adjusting means the orifice expelling said nozzles to obtain a given opening or closing of said expulsion orifice, according to values relating to information from sensors or setpoints, characterized in that it consists in using as that means for adjusting at least one piezoelectric element.

Les objets assignés à la présente invention sont également atteints à l'aide d'une buse de pulvérisation agricole constituée d'un corps de buse pourvue d'au moins un orifice d'entrée et d'au moins un orifice d'expulsion pour un produit de traitement, ladite buse comprenant des moyens de réglage pour agir sur les dimensions de l'orifice d'expulsion et modifier ainsi l'ouverture de ladite buse, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de réglage comprennent au moins un élément piézo-électrique. The objects assigned to the present invention are also achieved using an agricultural spray nozzle consisting of a nozzle body provided with at least one inlet port and at least one expulsion port for a product of treatment, said nozzle comprising adjustment means for acting on the dimensions of the expulsion orifice and thus modify the opening of said nozzle, characterized in that the adjustment means comprise at least one element piezoelectric.

Selon un exemple de réalisation conforme à l'invention, la buse de pulvérisation est constituée d'au moins un élément de fermeture agencé dans le corps de buse et déplaçable sous l'effet des moyens de réglage entre des positions correspondant à l'obturation et à des ouvertures calibrées de l'orifice d'expulsion.According to an exemplary embodiment according to the invention, the nozzle of spray consists of at least one closure element arranged in the nozzle body and movable under the effect of the adjustment means between positions corresponding to the closure and calibrated openings of the expulsion orifice.

Une autre particularité de l'invention, est obtenue par l'utilisation d'au moins un élément piézo-électrique en tant que moyen de réglage pour commander une ouverture contrôlée ou une fermeture d'un orifice d'expulsion d'une buse de pulvérisateur agricole.Another feature of the invention is obtained by the use of at least a piezoelectric element as an adjusting means for controlling a controlled opening or closing of an expulsion orifice of a nozzle agricultural sprayer.

D'autres particularités et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront également de la lecture de la description détaillée, figurant ci-après, en référence aux dessins, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue en coupe transversale d'un exemple de réalisation d'une buse de pulvérisation conforme à l'invention;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe simplifiée longitudinale d'un autre exemple de réalisation d'une buse de pulvérisation conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 représente une vue de face d'un exemple de pulvérisateur comprenant des buses de pulvérisation conformes à l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will also emerge from reading the detailed description given below, with reference to the drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples in which:
  • Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a spray nozzle according to the invention;
  • 2 shows a simplified longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of a spray nozzle according to the invention;
  • FIG. 3 represents a front view of an example of a sprayer comprising spray nozzles according to the invention.

Une buse (1) conforme à l'invention et représentée à la figure 1, est montrée en coupe pour une meilleure visualisation de ses pièces constitutives.A nozzle (1) according to the invention and shown in Figure 1, is shown in section for a better visualization of its constituent parts.

La buse (1) comprend ainsi un corps de buse (1a) par exemple cylindrique ou tubulaire pourvu d'un orifice d'entrée (1b).The nozzle (1) thus comprises a nozzle body (1a), for example cylindrical or tubular provided with an inlet orifice (1b).

Ce dernier est connecté sur une conduite d'alimentation (non représentée) en produit de traitement.The latter is connected to a supply line (not shown) in treatment product.

La buse (1) est également pourvue d'au moins un orifice d'expulsion (1c), comme cela est montré aux figures 1 et 2.The nozzle (1) is also provided with at least one expulsion orifice (1c), as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Le corps de buse (1a) est revêtu intérieurement d'un matériau (2) élastiquement déformable du type élastomère. La buse (1) est avantageusement constituée d'au moins un élément de fermeture (3, 4) monté dans le corps de buse (1a).The nozzle body (1a) is internally coated with a material (2) elastically deformable of the elastomer type. The nozzle (1) is advantageously consisting of at least one closure element (3, 4) mounted in the nozzle body (1a).

La buse (1) comprend par ailleurs des moyens de réglage pour agir sur les dimensions de l'orifice d'expulsion (1c). Ces moyens de réglage sont aptes à commander une ouverture donnée ou une fermeture de l'orifice d'expulsion (1c).The nozzle (1) also comprises adjustment means for acting on the dimensions of the expulsion orifice (1c). These adjustment means are suitable for order a given opening or closing of the expulsion orifice (1c).

L'élément de fermeture (3, 4) est avantageusement déplaçable sous l'effet des moyens de réglage entre des positions correspondant à la fermeture et à des ouvertures calibrées de l'orifice d'expulsion (1c).The closing element (3, 4) is advantageously displaceable under the effect of adjustment means between positions corresponding to closure and to calibrated openings of the expulsion orifice (1c).

Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 1 ou 2, la buse (1) comporte deux éléments de fermeture (3) et (4), de forme complémentaire et coopérant entre eux, de façon à définir et dimensionner l'orifice d'expulsion (1c). Les éléments de fermeture (3) et (4) sont actionnés par les moyens de réglage. En outre, l'élasticité du matériau (2) permet d'absorber les déplacements des éléments de fermeture (3) et (4).In the embodiment of Figure 1 or 2, the nozzle (1) has two closing elements (3) and (4), of complementary shape and cooperating with each other, so as to define and size the expulsion orifice (1c). The elements of closure (3) and (4) are actuated by the adjustment means. In addition, the elasticity material (2) absorbs the movements of the closure elements (3) and (4).

Les moyens de réglage sont avantageusement intégrés dans le corps de buse (1a) et comprennent au moins un élément piézo-électrique. Dans l'exemple de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, les moyens de réglage comprennent deux pastilles piézo-électriques (5) et (6).The adjustment means are advantageously integrated in the nozzle body (1a) and comprise at least one piezoelectric element. In the example of embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the adjustment means comprise two pads piezoelectric (5) and (6).

L'utilisation d'au moins un élément piézo-électrique est intéressante dans la mesure où une telle utilisation permet à la buse (1) d'être associée à une unité de commande (non représentée) et de recevoir de ladite unité de commande des signaux électriques destinés à commander une ouverture contrôlée ou une fermeture de l'orifice d'expulsion (1c). L'unité de commande peut comprendre des moyens électroniques adaptés et/ou un micro-ordinateur.The use of at least one piezoelectric element is advantageous in the to the extent that such use allows the nozzle (1) to be associated with a control (not shown) and to receive from said control unit electrical signals intended to control a controlled opening or a closing the expulsion orifice (1c). The control unit may include suitable electronic means and / or a microcomputer.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, les éléments de fermeture (3) et (4) sont séparés localement par les pastilles piézo-électriques (5) et (6). Ces dernières sont disposées de part et d'autre de la languette (4a) destinée à s'engager plus ou moins profondément dans une encoche (3a) de forme complémentaire. Cet engagement se fait à l'encontre de l'élasticité du matériau (2).According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the elements of closure (3) and (4) are separated locally by the piezoelectric pads (5) and (6). The latter are arranged on either side of the tongue (4a) intended to more or less deeply engage in a notch (3a) of form complementary. This commitment is made against the elasticity of the material (2).

Les languettes (4a) et les encoches (3a) sont réalisées avec des parties des éléments de fermeture (4) et (3) et servent à guider le déplacement desdits éléments de fermeture (3, 4).The tongues (4a) and the notches (3a) are made with parts of the closing elements (4) and (3) and serve to guide the movement of said elements closing elements (3, 4).

Le matériau (2) peut également servir en tant que joint d'étanchéité. D'autres joints d'étanchéité non représentés peuvent également être prévus et montés par tous moyens dans la buse (1).The material (2) can also be used as a seal. other seals not shown can also be provided and fitted by all means in the nozzle (1).

Ce sont par conséquent la languette (4a), l'encoche (3a) et une partie des éléments de fermeture (3) et (4) qui délimitent l'orifice d'expulsion (1c). Des moyens élastiques complémentaires peuvent également être montés dans les encoches (3a).These are therefore the tongue (4a), the notch (3a) and part of the closing elements (3) and (4) which delimit the expulsion orifice (1c). of the additional elastic means can also be mounted in the notches (3a).

La buse (1) comporte donc au moins à l'interface du corps de buse (1a) et du (des) élément(s) de fermeture (3, 4), le matériau (2) dont l'élasticité permet d'absorber les déplacements dudit (desdits) élément(s) de fermeture (3, 4).The nozzle (1) therefore comprises at least at the interface of the nozzle body (1a) and the (of) closure element (s) (3, 4), the material (2) whose elasticity allows absorbing the displacements of said closing element (s) (3, 4).

Ainsi, l'amplitude des déformations des pastilles piézo-électriques (5, 6) permet d'écarter ou de rapprocher les deux éléments de fermeture (3) et (4). Ceci correspond respectivement à un agrandissement et à un rétrécissement de l'ouverture de la buse (1). Les signaux électriques présentent une variation établie par des lois d'asservissement prédéterminées. Ces dernières sont par exemple mémorisées dans l'unité de commande et prennent en compte divers paramètres susceptibles d'intervenir dans une opération de pulvérisation. Thus, the amplitude of the deformations of the piezoelectric pellets (5, 6) allows the two closing elements (3) and (4) to be moved apart or brought closer. This corresponds respectively to an enlargement and a narrowing of opening of the nozzle (1). Electrical signals show an established variation by predetermined control laws. These are for example stored in the control unit and take into account various parameters likely to be involved in a spraying operation.

Chaque buse (1) est avantageusement pilotée individuellement par l'unité de commande.Each nozzle (1) is advantageously controlled individually by the ordered.

La buse (1) peut également être pilotée directement par des informations issues de capteur monté sur le pulvérisateur (10) ou par une consigne de l'utilisateur.The nozzle (1) can also be controlled directly by information from a sensor mounted on the sprayer (10) or by a set point the user.

La buse (1) est par exemple montée, par tous moyens connus sur une rampe (11) de pulvérisation d'un pulvérisateur (10) agricole. La rampe (11) peut être pourvue d'un ensemble de buses (1).The nozzle (1) is for example mounted, by any known means on a ramp (11) spraying an agricultural sprayer (10). The ramp (11) can be provided with a set of nozzles (1).

La buse (1) conforme à l'invention permet par conséquent de mettre en oeuvre le procédé de régulation pour pulvérisateurs détaillé ci-après.The nozzle (1) according to the invention therefore makes it possible to implement the control method for sprayers detailed below.

Le procédé de régulation conforme à l'invention, consiste à dimensionner l'orifice d'expulsion (1c) de chaque buse (1) pour obtenir une ouverture donnée ou une fermeture, et ce selon des valeurs se rapportant à des informations issues de capteurs ou de consignes.The regulation method according to the invention consists in dimensioning the expulsion orifice (1c) of each nozzle (1) to obtain a given opening or a closure, according to values relating to information from sensors or instructions.

Le procédé de régulation est remarquable dans la mesure où il permet d'agir sur chaque buse (1) individuellement ou sur une sélection de buses (1).The regulation process is remarkable in that it allows to act on each nozzle (1) individually or on a selection of nozzles (1).

Le procédé de régulation conforme à l'invention consiste aussi à utiliser des moyens électroniques ou un micro-ordinateur pour commander des débits compatibles avec les paramètres de traitement qui ont été pris en compte.The regulation method according to the invention also consists in using electronic means or a microcomputer to control flow rates compatible with the processing parameters that have been taken into account.

Le micro-ordinateur est également en mesure de mémoriser les quantités de produit pulvérisé.The microcomputer is also able to memorize the quantities of sprayed product.

Le procédé de régulation consiste donc à gérer le fonctionnement du pulvérisateur (10), par exemple, à l'aide du micro-ordinateur. Ce dernier est donc en mesure de piloter le fonctionnement d'une pompe et par conséquent de contrôler la pression de pulvérisationThe regulation process therefore consists in managing the operation of the sprayer (10), for example, using the microcomputer. The latter is therefore able to control the operation of a pump and therefore control spray pressure

Le procédé de régulation conforme à l'invention peut consister également à analyser des données liées au fonctionnement du pulvérisateur (10) et/ou des buses (1) et à effectuer des corrections automatiques en fonction d'informations mémorisées.The regulation method according to the invention can also consist of analyze data related to the operation of the sprayer (10) and / or the nozzles (1) and to make automatic corrections based on information stored.

Une étape supplémentaire consiste à agir sur la configuration de l'orifice d'expulsion (1c) des buses (1) pour modifier la forme des jets (7) du produit de traitement expulsé.An additional step is to act on the configuration of the orifice expulsion (1c) of the nozzles (1) to modify the shape of the jets (7) of the product treatment expelled.

Il est également possible d'adapter la distance entre les buses (1) et la zone à traiter en fonction de la configuration des jets (7).It is also possible to adapt the distance between the nozzles (1) and the area to treat according to the configuration of the jets (7).

Le procédé de régulation conforme à l'invention consiste notamment à utiliser des signaux électriques pour commander une ouverture ou une fermeture de l'orifice d'expulsion des buses (1). Ceci est un avantage manifeste dans la mesure où le débit de produit phytosanitaire expulsé peut être corrigé ou modulé quasi instantanément, par l'intermédiaire des moyens de réglage. The regulation method according to the invention consists in particular in: use electrical signals to control opening or closing the nozzle expulsion orifice (1). This is a clear advantage in the measure where the flow rate of phytosanitary product expelled can be corrected or modulated almost instantaneously, by means of adjustment means.

Les buses (1) conformes à l'invention présentent soit dans leur construction, soit dans leur fonctionnement d'indéniables avantages.The nozzles (1) according to the invention have either in their construction, either in their operation undeniable advantages.

Chaque buse (1) présente un débit variable, lequel peut être contrôlé de manière très précise. L'amplitude de déformation des pastilles piézo-électriques (5, 6) est proportionnelle à un signal électrique, lequel est ajustable avec une grande précision. Le système de buses (1) peut en outre être combiné avec un système de capteurs pour augmenter le degré de précision et de contrôle du fonctionnement d'un pulvérisateur (10) conforme à l'invention.Each nozzle (1) has a variable flow rate, which can be controlled from very precisely. The amplitude of deformation of the piezoelectric pads (5, 6) is proportional to an electrical signal, which is adjustable with a large precision. The nozzle system (1) can also be combined with a sensors to increase the degree of accuracy and control of operation a sprayer (10) according to the invention.

Les quantités de produits de traitement pulvérisés à une position géographique donnée, peuvent également être mémorisées dans l'unité de commande ou transmises par tous moyens de communication connus (par exemple GPS) à un ordinateur central. Ce dernier peut alors actualiser les données stockées dans l'unité de commande lorsque le pulvérisateur (10) est déplacé d'une parcelle à une autre. Ceci est particulièrement intéressant pour la distribution d'engrais liquides ou pour répandre divers types ou dosages de produits phytosanitaires, en passant d'une parcelle à l'autre.The quantities of treatment products sprayed at a geographical position can also be stored in the control unit or transmitted by any known means of communication (for example GPS) to a central computer. The latter can then update the data stored in the control unit when the sprayer (10) is moved from a plot to a other. This is particularly interesting for the distribution of liquid fertilizers or to spread various types or dosages of phytosanitary products, passing from one plot to another.

Il est aussi possible d'établir des courbes ou des cartes présentant la quantité de produit pulvérisé en fonction de la position géographique. On obtient ainsi un aperçu sur l'efficacité des produits phytosanitaires.It is also possible to draw curves or maps showing the quantity of sprayed product depending on the geographic position. We thus obtain a overview on the effectiveness of phytosanitary products.

L'unité de commande comprend par exemple un calculateur susceptible de mémoriser des courbes types, des coefficients de non-linéarité ainsi que d'autres paramètres utiles au calcul. En outre, un tel calculateur présente l'avantage de travailler en temps réel, ce qui, combiné à une réactivité quasi instantanée des buses (1), permet d'obtenir une précision de pulvérisation optimale.The control unit comprises for example a computer capable of memorize standard curves, non-linearity coefficients and others parameters useful for calculation. In addition, such a calculator has the advantage of work in real time, which, combined with an almost instantaneous reactivity of nozzles (1), provides optimum spray precision.

La modification de la vitesse d'avancement est également prise en compte immédiatement, et le débit des buses (1) est modulé sans retard.The modification of the forward speed is also taken into account immediately, and the nozzle flow (1) is modulated without delay.

Un autre avantage des buses (1) conformes à l'invention réside dans le fait que l'on peut tenir compte de l'apparition du vent au cours d'une opération de pulvérisation, en évitant un réglage correctif compliqué et coûteux en temps du pulvérisateur (10).Another advantage of the nozzles (1) according to the invention lies in the fact that we can take into account the appearance of the wind during a spraying, avoiding complicated and time-consuming corrective adjustment of the sprayer (10).

Un avantage considérable réside par ailleurs dans la possibilité de mettre en oeuvre ce procédé de régulation, en association avec un système ou dispositif de reconnaissance de plantes ou de densité végétale.A considerable advantage also lies in the possibility of implementing implements this process of regulation, in association with a system or device of recognition of plants or plant density.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation conforme à l'invention, la buse (1) peut être montée sur un récipient complémentaire comportant le ou les produits phytosanitaires à forte concentration. Le récipient complémentaire sous-pression permet, grâce à la buse (1), d'évacuer une quantité déterminée de produit phytosanitaire vers une chambre de mélange. Cette dernière est également alimentée en eau par la cuve du pulvérisateur (10), laquelle contient exclusivement de l'eau destinée à la dilution dudit produit phytosanitaire. Le produit de traitement obtenu dans la chambre de mélange peut alors être convoyé vers la rampe (11), elle-même pourvue, le cas échéant, de buses (1) pour la pulvérisation.According to another exemplary embodiment according to the invention, the nozzle (1) can be mounted on a complementary container containing the product (s) high concentration phytosanitary products. The additional pressure vessel allows, thanks to the nozzle (1), to discharge a determined quantity of product phytosanitary to a mixing chamber. The latter is also supplied with water by the sprayer tank (10), which contains exclusively water intended for the dilution of said phytosanitary product. The treatment product obtained in the mixing chamber can then be conveyed to the ramp (11), itself provided, if necessary, with nozzles (1) for spraying.

Il est alors possible de moduler le dosage du produit de traitement, indépendamment du débit de buse (1) de la rampe (11). On obtient ainsi un paramètre de réglage supplémentaire pour des conditions de pulvérisation particulières. L'utilisateur peut ainsi, soit directement, soit par l'intermédiaire d'un programme, agir sur la concentration de produits actifs contenus dans le liquide de pulvérisation.It is then possible to adjust the dosage of the treatment product, independently of the nozzle flow (1) of the boom (11). We thus obtain a additional adjustment parameter for spraying conditions special. The user can thus, either directly or through a program, act on the concentration of active products contained in the spray.

En outre, l'eau contenue dans la cuve du pulvérisateur (10) n'entre pas en contact avec le contenu du récipient complémentaire de manière à conserver de l'eau dépourvue de produits de traitement dans la cuve (10). On peut aussi prévoir une utilisation de plusieurs récipients complémentaires associés chacun à au moins une buse (1) et contenant un produit de traitement différent. En fonction des besoins d'une parcelle, d'une partie de parcelle ou des végétaux, l'un ou l'autre ou un ensemble de récipients complémentaires peuvent être activés, via la buse (1) correspondante. Le ou (les) récipient(s) complémentaire(s) associés à la chambre de mélange correspondante, sont montés, soit directement sur la rampe (11), soit sur un support adapté, prévu sur le pulvérisateur (10).In addition, the water contained in the sprayer tank (10) does not enter contact with the contents of the additional container so as to preserve water without treatment products in the tank (10). We can also plan a use of several complementary containers each associated with at least a nozzle (1) and containing a different treatment product. Depending of needs of a plot, part of a plot or plants, either or a set of complementary containers can be activated, via the nozzle (1) corresponding. The complementary container (s) associated with the chamber of corresponding mixture, are mounted either directly on the ramp (11) or on a suitable support, provided on the sprayer (10).

D'autres montages ou assemblages peuvent également être prévus sans pour autant sortir du cadre la présente invention, telle que définie dans les revendications.Other assemblies or assemblies can also be provided without go beyond the scope of the present invention, as defined in the revendications.

Claims (19)

  1. Process for regulating agricultural spray nozzles consisting in controlling, according to treatment parameters, the flow rate of a treatment product spread by a set of nozzles (1) by adjusting with the aid of a means of adjustment the dimension of the discharge orifice (1c) of said nozzles (1) so as to obtain a given opening or a closing of said discharge orifice (1c) and doing so according to values relating to information emanating from sensors or settings, characterized in that it consists in using at least one piezoelectric element as the means of adjustment.
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that it consists in acting on each nozzle (1) individually or on a selection of nozzles (1).
  3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it consists in using electronic means or a microcomputer to produce flow rates which are compatible with the treatment parameters.
  4. Process according to Claim 3, characterized in that it consists in managing, with the aid of the microcomputer, the operation of the sprayer (10).
  5. Process according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that it consists in analyzing data linked with the operation of the sprayer (10) and/or of the nozzles (1) and making automatic corrections as a function of information stored.
  6. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it consists in acting on the configuration of the discharge orifice (1c) of the nozzles (1) so as to modify the shape of the jets (7) of the treatment product discharged.
  7. Process according to Claim 6, characterized in that it consists in fitting the distance between the nozzles (1) and the zone to be treated, according to the configuration of the jets (7).
  8. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it consists in using electrical signals to control a given opening or a closing of the discharge orifice (1c) of the nozzles (1).
  9. Agricultural spray nozzle (1) comprising a nozzle body (1a) provided with at least one inlet orifice (1b) and at least one discharge orifice (1c) for a treatment product, said nozzle (1) comprising means of adjustment for acting on the dimensions of the discharge orifice (1c) and thus modifying the opening of said nozzle (1), characterized in that the means of adjustment comprise at least one piezoelectric element.
  10. Spray nozzle (1) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the means of adjustment are built into the nozzle body (1a).
  11. Spray nozzle (1) according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it is associated with a control unit intended for transmitting electrical signals to the means of adjustment.
  12. Spray nozzle (1) according to any one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that it comprises at least one closure element (3, 4) mounted in the nozzle body (1a) and which can be moved under the effect of the means of adjustment between positions corresponding to closure and to calibrated openings of the discharge orifice (1c).
  13. Spray nozzle (1) according to Claim 12, characterized in that it comprises two closure elements (3) and (4) of complementary shape and cooperating with one another in such a way as to define and adjust the dimension of the discharge orifice (1c), said closure elements (3, 4) being actuated by the means of adjustment.
  14. Spray nozzle according to any one of Claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the means of adjustment comprise two piezoelectric chips (5, 6).
  15. Agricultural spray nozzle according to any one of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that it comprises at least at the interface of the nozzle body (1a) and of the closure element(s) (3, 4), an elastically deformable material (2) whose elasticity makes it possible to absorb the movements of said closure element(s) (3, 4).
  16. Spray boom (11) comprising nozzles (1) in accordance with any one of Claims 9 to 15.
  17. Agricultural sprayer (10) provided with spray nozzles (1) in accordance with any one of Claims 9 to 16.
  18. Agricultural sprayer (10) comprising spray nozzles implementing the regulating process as claimed in any one of Claims 9 to 16.
  19. Control unit for agricultural sprayer (10) comprising means for operating spray nozzles (1), according to a regulating process as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 8.
EP98962503A 1997-12-19 1998-12-18 Improved sprayer nozzle Expired - Lifetime EP0961659B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9716553 1997-12-19
FR9716553A FR2772646B1 (en) 1997-12-19 1997-12-19 IMPROVED SPRAY NOZZLE
PCT/FR1998/002775 WO1999032230A1 (en) 1997-12-19 1998-12-18 Improved sprayer nozzle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0961659A1 EP0961659A1 (en) 1999-12-08
EP0961659B1 true EP0961659B1 (en) 2002-10-02

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EP98962503A Expired - Lifetime EP0961659B1 (en) 1997-12-19 1998-12-18 Improved sprayer nozzle

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AU (1) AU1765899A (en)
CA (1) CA2279831A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69808434T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0961659T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2772646B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ337163A (en)
WO (1) WO1999032230A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7185833B2 (en) 2004-03-18 2007-03-06 Ernest Geskin Method for fluid jet formation and apparatus for the same
DE102007036870B4 (en) 2007-08-06 2010-04-08 Leeb Mechanik Gmbh Adjustable nozzle angle
DE102018126588A1 (en) 2018-10-25 2020-04-30 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Liquid application method
DE102018126585A1 (en) 2018-10-25 2020-04-30 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for applying spray liquid
DE102018126586A1 (en) 2018-10-25 2020-04-30 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Agricultural sprayer
AU2021372513A1 (en) * 2020-10-29 2023-06-22 Ogive Technology, Inc. Dynamically controllable spray nozzle, control system, and method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH240951A (en) * 1943-10-01 1946-02-15 Stauffer Frederic Watering lance.
US4167247A (en) * 1978-01-06 1979-09-11 Sons Mack D Spray control apparatus
DE3010178C2 (en) * 1980-03-17 1985-10-03 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Slotted nozzle equipped with a quick-acting valve to induce pulsed gas flows
DE3501077A1 (en) * 1985-01-15 1986-07-17 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe PULSE VALVE
GB8712951D0 (en) * 1987-06-03 1987-07-08 Rolls Royce Plc Valve
FR2687333A1 (en) * 1992-02-14 1993-08-20 Tecnoma LIQUID SPRAY NOZZLE.
DE4432177A1 (en) * 1994-09-09 1996-03-14 Voith Gmbh J M An applicator gap is adjustable as pulp coat flows on moving paper web

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DE69808434T2 (en) 2003-06-05
CA2279831A1 (en) 1999-07-01
ATE225207T1 (en) 2002-10-15
WO1999032230A1 (en) 1999-07-01
FR2772646A1 (en) 1999-06-25
EP0961659A1 (en) 1999-12-08
DE69808434D1 (en) 2002-11-07
AU1765899A (en) 1999-07-12
NZ337163A (en) 2000-10-27
FR2772646B1 (en) 2000-02-25
DK0961659T3 (en) 2003-01-27

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