EP0961090A2 - Compound refrigerating installation and method for operating a compound refrigerating installation - Google Patents
Compound refrigerating installation and method for operating a compound refrigerating installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0961090A2 EP0961090A2 EP99108910A EP99108910A EP0961090A2 EP 0961090 A2 EP0961090 A2 EP 0961090A2 EP 99108910 A EP99108910 A EP 99108910A EP 99108910 A EP99108910 A EP 99108910A EP 0961090 A2 EP0961090 A2 EP 0961090A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compressors
- oil
- compressor
- composite
- cold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
- F04B39/0207—Lubrication with lubrication control systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/27—Problems to be solved characterised by the stop of the refrigeration cycle
Definitions
- the invention relates to a composite (cold) system with at least two in parallel switched compressors.
- the invention further relates to a method for operating such a system Composite (cold) system.
- composite (cold) system is one as described below Composite refrigeration system as well as composite systems that compress any media serve for other purposes.
- the object of the present invention is a generic Composite (cold) system and a generic method for operating a to specify such a composite (cold) system in which the mentioned Disadvantages are largely avoided.
- the composite (cold) system according to the invention is characterized in that an oil compensation line is arranged between the compressor housings in such a way that the lower edge of the connections provided on the compressor housings Oil compensation line is above the minimum oil level of the compressor.
- An embodiment of the composite (cold) system according to the invention is thereby characterized in that in the oil compensation line at least one shut-off device, preferably a valve is arranged.
- shut-off device in the case of three or more compressors connected in parallel, between a shut-off device can be provided for two compressors; is conceivable, however also, not to provide shut-off devices between all compressors.
- Compound (cold) system that compresses one level over one between the Compressor housings arranged oil compensation line are interconnected and at least one oil level regulator system or one per level analog functioning system, such as the so-called Traxoil system or the so-called Level switch system, which is an electronic oil return system acts, is provided.
- the inventive method for operating a composite (cold) system with at least two compressors connected in parallel is characterized in that a The compressor is only switched off when all have at least one Oil compensation line interconnected compressors are in operation, the The compressor is switched off before the minimum permitted oil quantity is within of a compressor is reached.
- the compressors can also be switched off for the purpose of oil compensation then, if not all of them are connected to one another via at least one oil compensation line connected compressors are in operation.
- the compressor is switched off In this case, this is not absolutely necessary, as it becomes a problem during operation Oil balance between the compressors in operation and those not in operation is coming.
- Another method for operating a composite (cold) system with at least two compressors connected in parallel is characterized in that the Operation of only one compressor does not switch off for the purpose of oil compensation he follows.
- oil compensation is carried out between the individual compressors or between the compressors, between which the shut-off device provided in the oil compensation line is open during the All compressors come to a standstill. During this time it occurs in the oil reservoirs of the parallel connected compressor to a pressure equalization, which leads to that in set the same oil levels in the oil reservoirs.
- the operating times of the compressors until they are switched off are to be selected that the minimum allowable oil level inside the compressor is due to the oil displacement that does not necessarily occur during compressor operation is undercut.
- the standstill phases of the compressors must be timed in this way ensure that there is sufficient oil compensation between the compressors can be and a significant impairment of the cold supply by the Compressor of the composite (cold) system according to the invention is avoided.
- the composite (cold) system according to the invention and the method according to the invention to operate a composite (refrigeration) system require compared to the state of the Technology requires less design effort. This leads to investment and Operating cost savings. Since largely on mechanical use moving components can be dispensed with, the operational safety of Composite (cold) system according to the invention and the method according to the invention increased to operate a composite (cold) system.
- the invention also enables combining equal and unequal compressors.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbund(kälte)anlage mit wenigstens zwei parallel geschalteten Verdichtern.The invention relates to a composite (cold) system with at least two in parallel switched compressors.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Verbund(kälte)anlage.The invention further relates to a method for operating such a system Composite (cold) system.
Unter dem Begriff "Verbund(kälte)anlage" sei eine wie im folgenden beschriebene Verbundkälteanlage sowie Verbundanlagen, die der Verdichtung beliebiger Medien für andere Zwecke dienen, zu verstehen.The term "composite (cold) system" is one as described below Composite refrigeration system as well as composite systems that compress any media serve for other purposes.
Bei Verbund(kälte)anlagen der gattungsgemäßen Art stellt die betriebssichere Ölversorgung der Verdichter, die in einem gemeinsamen (Kältemittel)Kreislauf arbeiten, oftmals ein Problem dar Zur Gewährleistung einer betriebssicheren Ölversorgung werden bisher unterschiedliche Ölstandsreguliersysteme, wie beispielsweise Ölspiegelregulatoren, verwendet. Diese unterliegen jedoch einem Verschleiß und erfordern bei anderen Systemen Einstellarbeiten am Ölsystem während der Inbetriebnahme.In the case of composite (refrigeration) systems of the generic type, the system is reliable Oil supply to the compressor, which is in a common (refrigerant) circuit work, is often a problem to ensure reliable operation So far, different oil level control systems, such as for example oil level regulators used. However, these are subject to one Wear and require adjustment work on the oil system in other systems during commissioning.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine gattungsgemäße Verbund(kälte)anlage sowie ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Verbund(kälte)anlage anzugeben, bei der bzw. bei dem die erwähnten Nachteile weitestgehend vermieden werden.The object of the present invention is a generic Composite (cold) system and a generic method for operating a to specify such a composite (cold) system in which the mentioned Disadvantages are largely avoided.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbund(kälte)anlage zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß zwischen den Verdichtergehäusen eine Ölausgleichsleitung dergestalt angeordnet ist, daß die Unterkante der an den Verdichtergehäusen vorgesehenen Anschlüsse der Ölausgleichsleitung über den Niveaus der Mindestölstände der Verdichter liegt.The composite (cold) system according to the invention is characterized in that an oil compensation line is arranged between the compressor housings in such a way that the lower edge of the connections provided on the compressor housings Oil compensation line is above the minimum oil level of the compressor.
Bisher fanden unter anderem Ölaustausch und Druckausgleich über getrennte Leitungen bzw. sehr groß dimensionierte gemeinsame Öl-/Gasaustauschleitungen statt. Diejenigen Leitungen, die dem Druckausgleich dienen, werden bisher an höher gelegenen Anschlussstutzen der Verdichtergehäuse angeschlossen.So far, among other things, oil exchange and pressure compensation via separate Lines or very large oil / gas exchange lines instead of. Those lines that serve to equalize the pressure have so far been higher connected connecting piece of the compressor housing.
Eine Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Verbund(kälte)anlage ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Ölausgleichsleitung wenigstens ein Absperrorgan, vorzugsweise ein Ventil, angeordnet ist.An embodiment of the composite (cold) system according to the invention is thereby characterized in that in the oil compensation line at least one shut-off device, preferably a valve is arranged.
Hierbei kann im Falle von drei oder mehr parallel geschalteten Verdichtern zwischen jeweils zwei Verdichtern ein Absperrorgan vorgesehen werden; denkbar ist jedoch auch, nicht zwischen allen Verdichtern Absperrorgane vorzusehen.Here, in the case of three or more compressors connected in parallel, between a shut-off device can be provided for two compressors; is conceivable, however also, not to provide shut-off devices between all compressors.
Bei einer Vielzahl von Verbund(kälte)anlage ist es aus Platzgründen erforderlich, daß die Verdichter auf mehreren Ebenen angeordnet werden. In diesem Fall empfiehlt es sich, entsprechend einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Verbund(kälte)anlage, daß die Verdichter einer Ebene über eine zwischen den Verdichtergehäusen angeordnete Ölausgleichsleitung miteinander verbunden sind und pro Ebene wenigstens ein Ölspiegelregulator-System oder ein im wesentlichen analog funktionierendes System, wie bspw. das sog. Traxoil-System oder das sog. Level-Switch-System, bei dem es sich um ein elektronisches Ölrückführsystem handelt, vorgesehen ist.In the case of a large number of composite (cold) systems, it is necessary for the compressors are arranged on several levels. In this case it is recommended themselves, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention Compound (cold) system that compresses one level over one between the Compressor housings arranged oil compensation line are interconnected and at least one oil level regulator system or one per level analog functioning system, such as the so-called Traxoil system or the so-called Level switch system, which is an electronic oil return system acts, is provided.
Auch bei der Anordnung mehrerer Verdichter in einer Ebene ist es denkbar, die Verdichter zu mehreren sog. Verdichtergruppen zusammenzufassen und den einzelnen Verdichtergruppen jeweils wenigstens ein Ölspiegelregulator-System oder ein im wesentlichen analog funktionierendes System zuzuordnen.It is also conceivable for the arrangement of several compressors in one plane Combine compressors into several so-called compressor groups and the individual compressor groups each have at least one oil level regulator system or assign a system that functions essentially analogously.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Verbund(kälte)anlage mit wenigstens zwei parallel geschalteten Verdichtern zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß ein Abschalten der Verdichter nur dann erfolgt, wenn alle über wenigstens eine Ölausgleichsleitung miteinander verbundenen Verdichter in Betrieb sind, wobei das Abschalten der Verdichter erfolgt, bevor die zulässige Mindestölmenge innerhalb eines Verdichters erreicht ist.The inventive method for operating a composite (cold) system with at least two compressors connected in parallel is characterized in that a The compressor is only switched off when all have at least one Oil compensation line interconnected compressors are in operation, the The compressor is switched off before the minimum permitted oil quantity is within of a compressor is reached.
Prinzipiell kann ein Abschalten der Verdichter zum Zwecke des Ölausgleiches auch dann erfolgen, wenn nicht alle über wenigstens eine Ölausgleichsleitung miteinander verbundenen Verdichter in Betrieb sind. Jedoch ist ein Abschalten der Verdichter in diesem Fall nicht zwingend erforderlich, da es bereits während des Betriebs zu einem Ölausgleich zwischen den in Betrieb und den außer Betrieb befindlichen Verdichtern kommt.In principle, the compressors can also be switched off for the purpose of oil compensation then, if not all of them are connected to one another via at least one oil compensation line connected compressors are in operation. However, the compressor is switched off In this case, this is not absolutely necessary, as it becomes a problem during operation Oil balance between the compressors in operation and those not in operation is coming.
Ein weiteres Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Verbund(kälte)anlage mit wenigstens zwei parallel geschalteten Verdichtern ist dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß bei dem Betrieb lediglich eines Verdichters ein Abschalten zum Zwecke des Ölausgleichs nicht erfolgt.Another method for operating a composite (cold) system with at least two compressors connected in parallel is characterized in that the Operation of only one compressor does not switch off for the purpose of oil compensation he follows.
Unabhängig von der jeweils gewählten Verfahrensweise erfolgt der Ölausgleich zwischen den einzelnen Verdichtern bzw. zwischen den Verdichtern, zwischen denen das in der Ölausgleichsleitung vorgesehene Absperrorgan geöffnet ist, während der Stillstände aller Verdichter. Während dieser Zeit kommt es in den Ölreservoirs der parallel geschalteten Verdichter zu einem Druckausgleich, der dazu führt, daß sich in den Ölreservoirs gleiche Ölstände einstellen.Regardless of the procedure chosen, oil compensation is carried out between the individual compressors or between the compressors, between which the shut-off device provided in the oil compensation line is open during the All compressors come to a standstill. During this time it occurs in the oil reservoirs of the parallel connected compressor to a pressure equalization, which leads to that in set the same oil levels in the oil reservoirs.
Die Betriebszeiten der Verdichter bis zu ihrem Abschalten sind hierbei so zu wählen, daß der minimal zulässige Ölstand innerhalb der Verdichter aufgrund der zwangsläufig während des Verdichterbetriebes auftretenden Ölverlagerung noch nicht unterschritten wird. Die Stillstandsphasen der Verdichter müssen zeitlich so bemessen sein, daß ein ausreichender Ölausgleich zwischen den Verdichtern gewährleistet werden kann und eine wesentliche Beeinträchtigung der Kälteversorgung durch die Verdichter der erfindungsgemäßen Verbund(kälte)anlage vermieden wird.The operating times of the compressors until they are switched off are to be selected that the minimum allowable oil level inside the compressor is due to the oil displacement that does not necessarily occur during compressor operation is undercut. The standstill phases of the compressors must be timed in this way ensure that there is sufficient oil compensation between the compressors can be and a significant impairment of the cold supply by the Compressor of the composite (cold) system according to the invention is avoided.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbund(kälte)anlage sowie das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Verbund(kälte)anlage erfordern gegenüber dem Stand der Technik einen geringeren konstruktiven Aufwand. Dies führt zu Investitions- und Betriebskosteneinsparungen. Da weitestgehend auf die Verwendung mechanisch bewegter Bauteile verzichtet werden kann, wird die Betriebssicherheit der erfindungsgemäßen Verbund(kälte)anlage sowie des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Betreiben einer Verbund(kälte)anlage erhöht. Die Erfindung ermöglicht zudem das Kombinieren von gleichen und ungleichen Verdichtern.The composite (cold) system according to the invention and the method according to the invention to operate a composite (refrigeration) system require compared to the state of the Technology requires less design effort. This leads to investment and Operating cost savings. Since largely on mechanical use moving components can be dispensed with, the operational safety of Composite (cold) system according to the invention and the method according to the invention increased to operate a composite (cold) system. The invention also enables combining equal and unequal compressors.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19823525A DE19823525A1 (en) | 1998-05-26 | 1998-05-26 | Composite (cold) system and method for operating a composite (cold) system |
DE19823525 | 1998-05-26 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0961090A2 true EP0961090A2 (en) | 1999-12-01 |
EP0961090A3 EP0961090A3 (en) | 2000-03-15 |
EP0961090B1 EP0961090B1 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=7868980
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99108910A Expired - Lifetime EP0961090B1 (en) | 1998-05-26 | 1999-05-05 | Compound refrigerating installation and method for operating a compound refrigerating installation |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0961090B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE278164T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19823525A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2229578T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT961090E (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1550832A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-07-06 | Linde Kältetechnik GmbH & Co.KG | A (compound) refrigeration system and method for operating the (compound) refrigeration system |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10015603A1 (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-04 | Linde Ag | Refrigeration system |
DE10252083A1 (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-05-27 | Linde Ag | refrigeration plant |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3621670A (en) * | 1970-01-12 | 1971-11-23 | Vilter Manufacturing Corp | Lubricating oil equalizing system |
US3633377A (en) * | 1969-04-11 | 1972-01-11 | Lester K Quick | Refrigeration system oil separator |
EP0403239A2 (en) * | 1989-06-14 | 1990-12-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Capacity controllable compressor apparatus |
US5209076A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1993-05-11 | Izon, Inc. | Control system for preventing compressor damage in a refrigeration system |
EP0597597A2 (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1994-05-18 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Air conditioner |
US5327997A (en) * | 1993-01-22 | 1994-07-12 | Temprite, Inc. | Lubrication management system |
EP0607101A1 (en) * | 1993-01-14 | 1994-07-20 | Birton A/S | A lubrication oil returning system for refrigeration compressors |
WO1996021802A1 (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-07-18 | A C & R Components, Inc. | Electromechanical oil level regulator |
WO1997043585A1 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-20 | Shaw David N | Series connected primary and booster compressors |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2844664A1 (en) * | 1978-10-13 | 1980-04-24 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | INTERNAL COMBUSTION HEAT PUMP |
IT1144762B (en) * | 1981-09-07 | 1986-10-29 | Aspera Spa | HERMETIC MOTOR-COMPRESSOR FOR REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS AND SIMILAR |
-
1998
- 1998-05-26 DE DE19823525A patent/DE19823525A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-05-05 AT AT99108910T patent/ATE278164T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-05 EP EP99108910A patent/EP0961090B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-05 PT PT99108910T patent/PT961090E/en unknown
- 1999-05-05 ES ES99108910T patent/ES2229578T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-05 DE DE59910625T patent/DE59910625D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3633377A (en) * | 1969-04-11 | 1972-01-11 | Lester K Quick | Refrigeration system oil separator |
US3621670A (en) * | 1970-01-12 | 1971-11-23 | Vilter Manufacturing Corp | Lubricating oil equalizing system |
EP0403239A2 (en) * | 1989-06-14 | 1990-12-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Capacity controllable compressor apparatus |
US5209076A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1993-05-11 | Izon, Inc. | Control system for preventing compressor damage in a refrigeration system |
EP0597597A2 (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1994-05-18 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Air conditioner |
EP0607101A1 (en) * | 1993-01-14 | 1994-07-20 | Birton A/S | A lubrication oil returning system for refrigeration compressors |
US5327997A (en) * | 1993-01-22 | 1994-07-12 | Temprite, Inc. | Lubrication management system |
WO1996021802A1 (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-07-18 | A C & R Components, Inc. | Electromechanical oil level regulator |
WO1997043585A1 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-20 | Shaw David N | Series connected primary and booster compressors |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1550832A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-07-06 | Linde Kältetechnik GmbH & Co.KG | A (compound) refrigeration system and method for operating the (compound) refrigeration system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE278164T1 (en) | 2004-10-15 |
EP0961090A3 (en) | 2000-03-15 |
ES2229578T3 (en) | 2005-04-16 |
DE19823525A1 (en) | 1999-12-02 |
EP0961090B1 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
PT961090E (en) | 2005-02-28 |
DE59910625D1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
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