EP0955790A1 - Method for transport of heat to an object and container to maintain or raise the temperature of plates - Google Patents

Method for transport of heat to an object and container to maintain or raise the temperature of plates Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0955790A1
EP0955790A1 EP99400983A EP99400983A EP0955790A1 EP 0955790 A1 EP0955790 A1 EP 0955790A1 EP 99400983 A EP99400983 A EP 99400983A EP 99400983 A EP99400983 A EP 99400983A EP 0955790 A1 EP0955790 A1 EP 0955790A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
plate
angstroms
electric current
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP99400983A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Penard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrielle De Production De L'aube Ste
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Industrielle De Production De L'aube Ste
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Publication date
Application filed by Industrielle De Production De L'aube Ste filed Critical Industrielle De Production De L'aube Ste
Publication of EP0955790A1 publication Critical patent/EP0955790A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B31/00—Service or tea tables, trolleys, or wagons
    • A47B31/02—Service or tea tables, trolleys, or wagons with heating, cooling or ventilating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H05B3/262—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an insulated metal plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods of supplying heat to an object, in particular to dishes, as well as to a container for maintaining or reheating dishes.
  • a trolley for maintaining or reheating dishes comprising a thermally insulating box and containing shelves.
  • Each shelf carries a heating plate made up of a substrate.
  • On the face of this substrate is deposited an electrically conductive ink film which forms an electrical circuit.
  • the film is provided with means for connection to a source of electric current.
  • the American standard requires that the trolley and its heating device be able to carry in 50 minutes and, preferably, in a shorter time, a dish intended to be consumed hot at 74 ° C., while the food which is on the same tray in the immediate vicinity and which is intended to be eaten cold must remain at 4.4 ° C. It is generally desired to be able to bring the hot food to the required temperature in 35 to 40 minutes. To achieve this as much as possible, we put the dishes containing hot dishes under a bell or at least a thermal separator is provided on the same plate between the hot part and the cold part.
  • the invention provides for this by using, as a heating plate, a plate consisting of a substrate with specular polish and in an electrically insulating material in non-conductive as in German patent application 3 610 921. which the object to which heat is to be placed is deposited a film of metal or of a metal alloy which forms an electrical circuit and which has a thickness of 1000 angstroms to 5000 angstroms and, preferably, from 1400 to 2000 angstrom.
  • the metallic film is made of nickel, chromium or their alloys.
  • a plate of this kind on the one hand, very quickly takes on the top (where the film is located) of the plate a constant high temperature, after the film has been fed. in electrical energy, and, on the other hand, that the underside of the plate keeps a relatively low temperature, in any case much lower than that of the plates known to date. It turns out that a plate of this kind releases heat practically in a single direction upwards with very little loss downwards and laterally. In addition, the plate takes stationary temperatures in a short time, so that one can shorten the time required for reheating.
  • the substrate may in particular be made of glass, tempered glass, ceramic stained glass or stainless steel.
  • an electrically insulating film is interposed between the metal plate and the film deposit. It preferably has a thickness of between 2 and 5 mm.
  • the metallic film is preferably made of nickel, chromium or their alloys and can be obtained by bombardment with an electron gun of a metal rod and by sending the atoms of metals which are detached on the face of the support through a mask.
  • the heat supplied to the top of the two sections can be adjusted differently, the heat being greater where the width of the strip is the smallest, which offers the possibility of dividing the hot part of the tray into an area on which will be for example a bowl of soup and into a less hot area for a cooked dish to serve hot, but requiring less intake of calories than the bowl.
  • the electrical heating circuit can be split by film resistance as much as desired, which makes it possible to define, as desired, hot zones and cold zones on the heating plate.
  • three connection wires are provided, the first being relayed to one of the terminals of the sector, while one of the second and third or, at the same time, the second and the third are connected to another terminal of the sector and the position of the second and third wires on the film being such that the whole film or a part of it is supplied with electric current.
  • the plate used according to the invention comprises a substrate 1 made of specular polished glass under which a film 2 with a thickness of 1500 angstroms is deposited.
  • the film is deposited in the form of five strips 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the strips 3 and 4 on the left being wider than the strips 5, 6 and 7.
  • These strips are connected to each other at the edges by conductive metal deposits and are connected to wires 9, 10 and 11 which can be connected to a source of electric current.
  • the strips 3, 4 have narrower parts 12 where the heating is therefore greater, since the resistance is greater.
  • Figure 3 is a graph illustrating the performance of various plates. We have plotted on the abscissa the time that elapses from the moment we put the plates under tension and on the ordinate the temperatures. Curve 1 gives the temperature of the top of the plate according to the invention and curve 2 that of the bottom of this plate. Curve A1 gives the temperature of the top of a plate on which the electrical circuit is deposited in the form of metallic ink, curve B1 gives the temperature of the bottom of this plate.
  • the hatched area between B1 and 2 is a measure of the progress made by the plate according to the invention, progress which makes it possible to meet the standards of the United States of America mentioned previously, whereas with the plate giving the curves A1, B1 you can't do it.
  • the plate according to the invention has a curve 1 in which the temperature of about 150 ° C is reached in about three minutes, while it takes to obtain a lower temperature of 140 ° C about seventeen minutes at plate whose temperature of the plate top is represented by A1.
  • Another plate made up of a heating cloth bonded to a thin aluminum plate gives the curves A2 and B2, which are much less than any point of view compared to the plate according to the invention.
  • curves A3 and B3 are representative of the performance of a conventional aluminum molded plate. The temperature curve above the plate is substantially equivalent to that of the plate according to the invention, but the temperature below the plate is much higher there.
  • the container shown in Figure 4 has a thermally insulating box 13 and contains shelves 14 which carry plates 15 according to the invention. On these plates are placed trays 16 for dishes containing M dishes to reheat or maintain temperature. The plates are connected by their son to a current source with interposition of switches making it possible to energize the whole of the plate or a part of it.
  • a perforated partition 17 delimiting a compartment, in which there is a device 18 generating cold and fans 19 distributing the cold in the box, part of the device 18 being arranged outside the box.

Abstract

A food trolley has an insulating chamber (13) provided with cooling (18,19). Food to be heated (M) on plates (16) is placed on plates (15) which are supplied with electric current. The plates use films of extremely thin, (1400-2000 angstroms), conducting metal deposited on a mirror quality surface of an insulator such as glass. The films are of differing dimensions and are separately switched to give flexibility in use. An Independent claim is included for a procedure for providing objects heated through a plate.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte aux procédés d'apports de chaleur à un objet notamment à des plats de mets, ainsi qu'à un conteneur de maintien ou de remise en température de plats.The present invention relates to methods of supplying heat to an object, in particular to dishes, as well as to a container for maintaining or reheating dishes.

On connaît déjà un chariot de maintien ou de remise en température de plats comportant un caisson isolant thermiquement et renfermant des étagères. Chaque étagère porte une plaque de chauffage constituée d'un substrat. Sur la face de ce substrat est déposée une pellicule d'encre conductrice de l'électricité qui forme un circuit électrique. La pellicule est munie de moyens de connexion à une source de courant électrique. Lorsque l'on doit apporter de la chaleur aux mets se trouvant sur un plateau porté par l'étagère, on branche le circuit électrique. La plaque de chauffage chauffe le plateau et donc son contenu, ce qui permet de le remettre en température ou d'en maintenir la température.There is already known a trolley for maintaining or reheating dishes comprising a thermally insulating box and containing shelves. Each shelf carries a heating plate made up of a substrate. On the face of this substrate is deposited an electrically conductive ink film which forms an electrical circuit. The film is provided with means for connection to a source of electric current. When heat has to be brought to the dishes on a tray carried by the shelf, the electrical circuit is connected. The heating plate heats the tray and therefore its contents, which makes it possible to reheat or maintain the temperature.

Ces chariots sont utilisés dans les cliniques, les prisons et autres endroits où l'on sert des repas qui sont préparés à l'avance et qui sont amenés respectivement aux malades et/ou aux détenus dans leur chambre ou leur cellule. Le plus souvent les repas sont constitués d'un mets devant être consommé chaud et d'un mets à consommer froid sur un même plateau portés par une même étagère. Il est donc important que, d'une part, la plaque de chauffage, qui est appliquée sous les mets à servir chaud, apporte le moins de chaleur possible aux mets adjacents à servir froid. C'est ainsi notamment que la norme américaine exige que le chariot et son dispositif de chauffage soit à même de porter en 50 minutes et, de préférence, en une durée moindre, un mets destiné à être consommé chaud à 74°C, tandis que le mets qui se trouve sur le même plateau à proximité immédiate et qui est destiné à être consommé froid doit rester à 4,4°C. On souhaite en général pouvoir porter le mets chaud à la température requise en 35 à 40 minutes. Pour y parvenir autant que possible, on met les plats contenant des mets chauds sous cloche ou du moins on prévoit un séparateur thermique sur un même plateau entre la partie chaude et la partie froide.These trolleys are used in clinics, prisons and other places where meals are served which are prepared in advance and which are brought respectively to the sick and / or detainees in their room or cell. Most often the meals consist of a dish to be consumed hot and a dish to be consumed cold on the same tray carried by the same shelf. It is therefore important that, on the one hand, the heating plate, which is applied under the dishes to be served hot, brings as little heat as possible to the adjacent dishes to be served cold. Thus, in particular, the American standard requires that the trolley and its heating device be able to carry in 50 minutes and, preferably, in a shorter time, a dish intended to be consumed hot at 74 ° C., while the food which is on the same tray in the immediate vicinity and which is intended to be eaten cold must remain at 4.4 ° C. It is generally desired to be able to bring the hot food to the required temperature in 35 to 40 minutes. To achieve this as much as possible, we put the dishes containing hot dishes under a bell or at least a thermal separator is provided on the same plate between the hot part and the cold part.

Malgré cela, on ne peut pas, par cette technique de plaque de chauffage, respecter la norme américaine mentionnée jusqu'ici.Despite this, it is not possible, by this heating plate technique, to comply with the American standard mentioned so far.

L'invention y pourvoit en utilisant, comme plaque de chauffage, une plaque constituée d'un substrat à poli spéculaire et en un matériau isolant électriquement en non pas conducteur comme à la demande de brevet allemand 3 610 921. Sur la face du substrat sur lequel on pose l'objet auquel on doit apporter de la chaleur, est déposée une pellicule en métal ou en alliage de métaux qui forme un circuit électrique et qui a une épaisseur de 1000 angström à 5000 angström et, de préférence, de 1400 à 2000 angström. De préférence, la pellicule métallique est en nickel, en chrome ou en leurs alliages.The invention provides for this by using, as a heating plate, a plate consisting of a substrate with specular polish and in an electrically insulating material in non-conductive as in German patent application 3 610 921. which the object to which heat is to be placed is deposited a film of metal or of a metal alloy which forms an electrical circuit and which has a thickness of 1000 angstroms to 5000 angstroms and, preferably, from 1400 to 2000 angstrom. Preferably, the metallic film is made of nickel, chromium or their alloys.

On constate, d'une manière inattendue, qu'une plaque de ce genre, d'une part, prend très rapidement sur le dessus (où se trouve la pellicule) de la plaque une température élevée constante, après que la pellicule a été alimentée en énergie électrique, et, d'autre part, que le dessous de la plaque conserve une température relativement basse, en tout cas bien inférieure à celle des plaques connues à ce jour. Il s'avère qu'une plaque de ce genre dégage de la chaleur pratiquemment suivant un seul sens vers le haut avec très peu de perte vers le bas et latéralement. De plus, la plaque prend des températures stationnaires en peu de temps, de sorte que l'on peut abréger la durée nécessaire à la remise en température. On peut ainsi satisfaire à la norme américaine mentionnée ci-dessus avec une chauffe relativement douce et un système qui, par le fait même qu'il comporte des plaques chauffantes à inertie, accepte des coupures d'énergie et par là même permet un maintien en température après la remise en température, même si le circuit électrique est débranché comme c'est le cas dans un chariot de remise en température de denrées alimentaires, lorsque les repas sont distribués au consommateur. On peut conserver côte à côte une zone chaude et une zone froide sur un même plateau sans avoir à donner des dimensions trop grandes au système de réfrigération avec les inconvénients de coûts, de volume et de poids qui sont gravissimes lorsqu'il s'agit d'un chariot mobile. On n'a pas non plus à isoler d'une manière coûteuse et encombrante, les plaques chauffantes de ce type.It is found, unexpectedly, that a plate of this kind, on the one hand, very quickly takes on the top (where the film is located) of the plate a constant high temperature, after the film has been fed. in electrical energy, and, on the other hand, that the underside of the plate keeps a relatively low temperature, in any case much lower than that of the plates known to date. It turns out that a plate of this kind releases heat practically in a single direction upwards with very little loss downwards and laterally. In addition, the plate takes stationary temperatures in a short time, so that one can shorten the time required for reheating. It is thus possible to satisfy the American standard mentioned above with a relatively gentle heating and a system which, by the very fact that it includes heating plates with inertia, accepts energy cuts and thereby allows maintenance in temperature after reheating, even if the electrical circuit is disconnected as is the case in a trolley for reheating foodstuffs, when meals are distributed to the consumer. We can keep a hot zone and a cold zone side by side on the same tray without having to give too large dimensions to the refrigeration system with the disadvantages of costs, volume and weight which are very serious when it comes to 'a mobile cart. Nor does one have to insulate in a costly and bulky manner, heating plates of this type.

Le substrat peut être notamment en verre, en verre trempé, en vitraux céramiques ou en acier inoxydable. Dans ce cas, un film électriquement isolant est interposé entre la plaque métallique et le dépôt pelliculaire. Il a, de préférence, une épaisseur comprise entre 2 et 5 mm.The substrate may in particular be made of glass, tempered glass, ceramic stained glass or stainless steel. In this case, an electrically insulating film is interposed between the metal plate and the film deposit. It preferably has a thickness of between 2 and 5 mm.

La pellicule métallique est, de préférence, en nickel, en chrome ou en leurs alliages et peut être obtenue par bombardement par canon à électrons d'un barreau métallique et par envoi des atomes de métaux qui en sont détachés sur la face du support à travers un masque.The metallic film is preferably made of nickel, chromium or their alloys and can be obtained by bombardment with an electron gun of a metal rod and by sending the atoms of metals which are detached on the face of the support through a mask.

Lorsque la pellicule comporte au moins une bande et lorsque la largeur de la bande est plus petite sur un de ses tronçons que sur un tronçon adjacent, on peut régler la chaleur apportée au dessus des deux tronçons différemment, la chaleur étant plus grande là où la largeur de la bande est la plus petite, ce qui offre la possibilité de subdiviser la partie chaude du plateau en une zone sur laquelle se trouvera par exemple un bol de potage et en une zone moins chaude pour un plat cuisiné à servir chaud, mais nécessitant moins d'apport de calories que le bol.When the film has at least one strip and when the width of the strip is smaller on one of its sections than on an adjacent section, the heat supplied to the top of the two sections can be adjusted differently, the heat being greater where the width of the strip is the smallest, which offers the possibility of dividing the hot part of the tray into an area on which will be for example a bowl of soup and into a less hot area for a cooked dish to serve hot, but requiring less intake of calories than the bowl.

Enfin, on peut fractionner le circuit électrique de chauffage par résistance pelliculaire autant que souhaité, ce qui permet de définir au choix des zones chaudes et des zones froides sur la plaque chauffante. C'est ainsi que, suivant un mode de réalisation, il est prévu trois fils de connexion, le premier étant relayé à une des bornes du secteur, tandis que l'un des deuxième et troisième ou, à la fois, le deuxième et le troisième sont reliés à une autre borne du secteur et la position des deuxième et troisième fils sur la pellicule étant telle que toute la pellicule ou qu'une partie de celle-ci est alimentée en courant électrique. On peut ainsi, pour servir des repas en milieu hospitalier, utiliser le même chariot pour les repas du midi ou du soir, où l'importance du repas chaud par rapport au repas froid varie beaucoup.Finally, the electrical heating circuit can be split by film resistance as much as desired, which makes it possible to define, as desired, hot zones and cold zones on the heating plate. Thus, according to one embodiment, three connection wires are provided, the first being relayed to one of the terminals of the sector, while one of the second and third or, at the same time, the second and the third are connected to another terminal of the sector and the position of the second and third wires on the film being such that the whole film or a part of it is supplied with electric current. We can thus, to serve meals in a hospital environment, use the same cart for midday or evening meals, where the importance of the hot meal compared to the cold meal varies a lot.

Au dessin annexé, donné uniquement à titre d'exemple :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'une plaque de chauffage utilisée suivant l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en plan par le dessous d'une plaque correspondant à la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est un graphique illustrant les performances de la plaque suivant l'invention, et
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe schématique d'un conteneur de maintien ou de remise en température de plats.
In the attached drawing, given solely by way of example:
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a heating plate used according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view from below of a plate corresponding to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the performance of the plate according to the invention, and
  • Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of a container for maintaining or reheating dishes.

La plaque utilisée suivant l'invention comprend un substrat 1 en verre à poli spéculaire sous laquelle est déposée une pellicule 2 d'une épaisseur de 1500 angström. La pellicule est déposée sous forme de cinq bandes 3, 4, 5, 6 et 7, les bandes 3 et 4 situées à gauche étant plus larges que les bandes 5, 6 et 7. Ces bandes sont reliées entre elles sur les bords par des dépôts de métal conducteur et sont reliées à des fils 9, 10 et 11 pouvant être reliés à une source de courant électrique.The plate used according to the invention comprises a substrate 1 made of specular polished glass under which a film 2 with a thickness of 1500 angstroms is deposited. The film is deposited in the form of five strips 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the strips 3 and 4 on the left being wider than the strips 5, 6 and 7. These strips are connected to each other at the edges by conductive metal deposits and are connected to wires 9, 10 and 11 which can be connected to a source of electric current.

Les bandes 3, 4 comportent des parties 12 moins larges où le chauffage est donc plus grand, puisque la résistance est plus grande.The strips 3, 4 have narrower parts 12 where the heating is therefore greater, since the resistance is greater.

La figure 3 est un graphique illustrant les performances de diverses plaques. On a porté en abscisses la durée qui s'écoule à partir de l'instant où l'on met les plaques sous tension et en ordonnées les températures. La courbe 1 donne la température du dessus de la plaque suivant l'invention et la courbe 2 celle du dessous de cette plaque. La courbe A1 donne la température du dessus d'une plaque sur laquelle le circuit électrique est déposé sous forme d'encre métallique, la courbe B1 donnant la température du dessous de cette plaque. La surface hachurée entre B1 et 2 est une mesure du progrès réalisée par la plaque suivant l'invention, progrès qui permet de tenir les normes des Etats-Unis d'Amérique mentionnées précédemment, alors qu'avec la plaque donnant les courbes A1, B1 on ne peut pas y parvenir. En outre, la plaque suivant l'invention a une courbe 1 dans laquelle la température de 150°C environ est atteinte en trois minutes environ, alors qu'il faut pour obtenir une température inférieure de 140°C environ dix-sept minutes à la plaque dont la température du dessus de plaque est représentée par A1. Une autre plaque constituée d'un tissu chauffant collé sur une plaque d'aluminium mince donne les courbes A2 et B2, bien inférieures à tout point de vue à la plaque suivant l'invention. Enfin, les courbes A3 et B3 sont représentatives des performances d'une plaque classique moulée en aluminium. La courbe de la température du dessus de la plaque est sensiblement équivalente à celle de la plaque suivant l'invention, mais la température du dessous de la plaque y est très nettement supérieure.Figure 3 is a graph illustrating the performance of various plates. We have plotted on the abscissa the time that elapses from the moment we put the plates under tension and on the ordinate the temperatures. Curve 1 gives the temperature of the top of the plate according to the invention and curve 2 that of the bottom of this plate. Curve A1 gives the temperature of the top of a plate on which the electrical circuit is deposited in the form of metallic ink, curve B1 gives the temperature of the bottom of this plate. The hatched area between B1 and 2 is a measure of the progress made by the plate according to the invention, progress which makes it possible to meet the standards of the United States of America mentioned previously, whereas with the plate giving the curves A1, B1 you can't do it. In addition, the plate according to the invention has a curve 1 in which the temperature of about 150 ° C is reached in about three minutes, while it takes to obtain a lower temperature of 140 ° C about seventeen minutes at plate whose temperature of the plate top is represented by A1. Another plate made up of a heating cloth bonded to a thin aluminum plate gives the curves A2 and B2, which are much less than any point of view compared to the plate according to the invention. Finally, curves A3 and B3 are representative of the performance of a conventional aluminum molded plate. The temperature curve above the plate is substantially equivalent to that of the plate according to the invention, but the temperature below the plate is much higher there.

Le conteneur représenté à la figure 4 comporte un caisson 13 isolant thermiquement et renferme des étagères 14 qui portent des plaques 15 suivant l'invention. Sur ces plaques sont posés des plateaux 16 pour des plats contenant des mets M à remettre en température ou à maintenir en température. Les plaques sont reliées par leur fils à une source de courant avec interposition d'interrupteurs permettant de mettre sous tension l'ensemble de la plaque ou une partie de celle-ci. Il est prévu dans le conteneur une cloison 17 perforée délimitant un compartiment, dans lequel se trouve un dispositif 18 engendrant du froid et des ventilateurs 19 répartissant le froid dans le caisson, une partie du dispositif 18 étant disposée à l'extérieur du caisson.The container shown in Figure 4 has a thermally insulating box 13 and contains shelves 14 which carry plates 15 according to the invention. On these plates are placed trays 16 for dishes containing M dishes to reheat or maintain temperature. The plates are connected by their son to a current source with interposition of switches making it possible to energize the whole of the plate or a part of it. There is provided in the container a perforated partition 17 delimiting a compartment, in which there is a device 18 generating cold and fans 19 distributing the cold in the box, part of the device 18 being arranged outside the box.

Claims (8)

L'utilisation, comme plaque de chauffage, d'une plaque qui comprend un substrat en un matériau isolant électriquement sur une face duquel est disposée, en formant un circuit électrique muni de moyens de connexion à une source de courant électrique, une pellicule (7) métallique, ladite face étant spéculaire et la pellicule (7) ayant une épaisseur comprise entre 1000 angström et 5000 angström et, de préférence, entre 1400 angström et 2000 angström.The use, as a heating plate, of a plate which comprises a substrate made of an electrically insulating material on one face of which is arranged, by forming an electric circuit provided with means for connection to a source of electric current, a film (7 ) metallic, said face being specular and the film (7) having a thickness of between 1000 angstroms and 5000 angstroms and, preferably, between 1400 angstroms and 2000 angstroms. Utilisation suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la pellicule métallique est en nickel, en chrome ou en leurs alliages.Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the metallic film is made of nickel, chromium or their alloys. Utilisation suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la pellicule est obtenue par bombardement par canon à électrons d'un barreau métallique et par envoi des atomes de métaux qui en sont détachés sur ladite face du support à travers un masque.dUse according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the film is obtained by bombardment with an electron gun of a metal bar and by sending metal atoms which are detached therefrom on said face of the support through a mask. Utilisation suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que la pellicule comporte au moins une bande (3) et la largeur de la bande est plus petite sur un de ses tronçons (12) que sur un tronçon adjacent.Use according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the film comprises at least one strip (3) and the width of the strip is narrower on one of its sections (12) than on an adjacent section. Utilisation suivant l'une des revendications précédents, caractérisée par des fils électriques de connexion issus de la pellicule.Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by electrical connection wires coming from the film. Conteneur de maintien ou de remise en température de plats comportant un caisson (13) isolant thermiquement et renfermant des étagères, caractérisé en ce que les étagères portent des plaques (15) suivant l'une des revendications précédentes.Container for maintaining or reheating dishes comprising a thermally insulating box (13) containing shelves, characterized in that the shelves carry plates (15) according to one of the preceding claims. Conteneur suivant la revendication 6, comprenant trois fils de connexion, le premier étant relié à l'une des bornes de secteur, tandis que l'un du deuxième et du troisième ou, à la fois, le deuxième et le troisième sont reliés à une autre borne du secteur, et la position des deuxième et troisième fils sur la pellicule étant telle que toute la pellicule ou qu'une partie seulement de celle-ci est alimentée en courant électrique.Container according to claim 6, comprising three connection wires, the first being connected to one of the sector terminals, while one of the second and third or, at the same time, the second and the third are connected to a other terminal of the sector, and the position of the second and third wires on the film being such that the whole film or only a part of it is supplied with electric current. Procédé d'apport de chaleur à un objet en le plaçant sur une face d'une plaque constituée d'un substrat, face sur laquelle est déposée une pellicule en une matière conductrice de l'électricité formant un circuit électrique et munie de moyens de connexion à une source de courant électrique et en alimentant la pellicule en courant électrique, caractérisé en ce que le substrat est à poli spéculaire et la pellicule est en métal ou en alliage de métaux et a une épaisseur de 1000 angström à 5000 angström.Method of supplying heat to an object by placing it on one side of a plate consisting of a substrate, face on which is deposited a film of an electrically conductive material forming an electrical circuit and provided with connection means to a source of electric current and by supplying the film with electric current, characterized in that the substrate is specular polished and the film is made of metal or metal alloy and has a thickness of 1000 angstrom to 5000 angstrom.
EP99400983A 1998-05-04 1999-04-22 Method for transport of heat to an object and container to maintain or raise the temperature of plates Withdrawn EP0955790A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9805608 1998-05-04
FR9805608A FR2778304B1 (en) 1998-05-04 1998-05-04 METHOD FOR PROVIDING HEAT TO AN OBJECT AND CONTAINER FOR MAINTAINING AND RECOVERING DISHES

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EP0955790A1 true EP0955790A1 (en) 1999-11-10

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FR (1) FR2778304B1 (en)

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FR2778304B1 (en) 2000-06-02
US6140611A (en) 2000-10-31

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